Adolescent Alcohol Consumption Research Articles

Prevalencia y factores relacionados con el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes embarazadas: una revisión sistemática

Introduction: alcohol consumption during pregnancy causes physical, cognitive and behavioral problems in the mother and the unborn baby. The literature recommends abstinence from this substance during pregnancy. However, the presence of factors in adolescents could be related to the initiation or continuation of alcohol consumption while pregnant. Objective: twas to identify the prevalence and factors that are related to alcohol consumption in pregnant adolescents (AE). Method: a systematic review of articles in English and Spanish published between 2009 and 2019 in the adolescent population was carried out. The databases were PubMed, Web of Science: Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index, and Scopus. The search terms included the words “pregnancy,” “pregnant,” “adolescent,” “adolescence,” and “alcohol.” Data extraction was performed independently by one author using the study quality indicators. Results: CADE prevalence’s in AE were determined. Also, personal, psychological and spiritual factors related to CADE. Alcohol consumption prior to pregnancy and exposure to the presence of previous pregnancies were the most mentioned as personal factors. Likewise, relationships of psychological factors such as depression and anxiety were identified. In addition, social factors were identified such as having a single parent, having friends who smoke or drink, as well as not having a partner. Finally, some spiritual factors were found, among which the importance given to religion stands out. Conclusions: alcohol consumption during pregnancy is multifactorial, however, there are personal, psychological, social and spiritual factors that increase the risk of consuming alcohol up to four times more.

A community intervention to reduce alcohol consumption and drunkenness among adolescents in Sweden: a quasi-experiment

BackgroundSeveral studies have examined the effect of community interventions on youth alcohol consumption, and the results have often been mixed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a community intervention known as the Öckerö Method on adolescent alcohol consumption and perceived parental attitudes towards adolescent drinking.MethodThe study is based on a quasi-experimental design, using matched controls. Self-report studies were conducted among adolescents in grades 7–9 of compulsory education in four control and four intervention communities in the south of Sweden in 2016–2018. Baseline measures were collected in autumn 2016 before the intervention was implemented in the intervention communities. Outcomes were the adolescents’ alcohol consumption, past-year drunkenness, past-month drunkenness and perceived parental attitudes towards alcohol.ResultsEstimating Difference-in-Difference models using Linear Probability Models, we found no empirical evidence that the intervention has any effect on adolescents’ drinking habits, or on their perceptions of their parents’ attitudes towards adolescent drinking.ConclusionThis is the first evaluation of this method, and we found no evidence that the intervention had any effect on the level of either young people’s alcohol consumption or their past-year or past-month drunkenness, nor on their parents’ perceived attitudes toward adolescent drinking. A further improvement would be to employ a follow-up period that is longer than the three-year period employed in this study.Trial registrationISRCTN registry: Study ID: 51635778, 31th March 2021 (Retrospectively registered).

Longitudinal predictors of problematic alcohol use in adolescence: A 2-year follow-up study

Alcohol consumption in adolescence is widespread. Several studies have investigated alcohol use in minors and its consequences in adulthood, but prospective findings on psychosocial predictors for problematic alcohol use (PAU) already in youth are still limited. Next to genetic aspects, psychosocial predictors appear to be particularly relevant. The objective of the present longitudinal survey was to explore psychosocial influences on PAU in adolescence. At baseline, 1,444 adolescents (52.1% girls, average age: 14.65 years) were surveyed. Two years later (at follow-up), we were able to re-assess 515 adolescents (mean age: 16.60 years). Both times, a standardized questionnaire was applied to explore PAU and various psychosocial aspects. We conducted multiple imputation, created 100 datasets with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm and calculated regression analyses to identify predictors for PAU. In a multivariable analysis, we found that female gender (protective factor), school-type ‘Gymnasium’ (highest level of school education, protective factor), PAU, more conduct problems and lower psychological well-being (all at baseline) predicted adolescent PAU at follow-up. In supplementary analyses for frequent alcohol use (regardless of quantity) and high alcohol consumption quantity (regardless of frequency), these predictors could only partially be found again. According to the findings of the present study, psychosocial aspects are relevant for PAU in adolescence, and particularly psychological well-being should be given more attention in primary prevention measures and treatment approaches.

Adolescent alcohol consumption: protocol for a scoping review of screening and assessment tools used in Africa

BackgroundAlcohol consumption is a key public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest burden of alcohol attributable injury and disease of any region. Excess alcohol use is particularly harmful for adolescents and has been associated with neurocognitive defects and social and emotional problems. Effective screening and assessment tools are necessary to implement, evaluate and monitor interventions to prevent and decrease adolescent alcohol use. Most of these tools have been used among adolescent groups in high income settings; data on their effectiveness in Africa, where much alcohol use is unregulated, is limited. This scoping review will examine and map the range of tools in use and create an evidence base for future research in adolescent alcohol prevention and control in Africa.MethodsThe review will include all relevant study designs and grey literature. Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been designed using the Population – Concept – Context framework, and two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and then full text to determine eligibility of articles. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Global Health data bases will be searched for peer reviewed publications. The search strategy for grey literature will include Google searches and searches in websites of pertinent professional bodies and charities. The methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and adaptations by the Joanna Briggs Institute and Levac et al. will be used. An iterative approach to charting, collating, summarising and reporting the data will be taken, with the development of charting forms and the final presentation of results led by the extracted data.ResultsThis scoping review protocol describes a secondary analysis of data already collected to explore and map alcohol consumption measurement tools in adolescents in Africa.ConclusionsIt is anticipated that our findings will provide an evidence base surrounding tools used to measure adolescent alcohol consumption in Africa. These findings are likely to be useful in informing future research, policy and public health strategies. Findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publication and in various media, for example, conferences, congresses or symposia.Systematic review registrationScoping Review Registration: Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/bjhgw/)

Interventions for adolescent alcohol consumption in Africa: protocol for a scoping review including an overview of reviews

BackgroundHarmful alcohol use is a leading risk to the health of populations worldwide. Within Africa, where most consumers are adolescents, alcohol use represents a key public health challenge. Interventions to prevent or substantially delay alcohol uptake and decrease alcohol consumption in adolescence could significantly decrease morbidity and mortality, through both immediate effects and future improved adult outcomes. In Africa, these interventions are urgently needed; however, key data necessary to develop them are lacking as most evidence to date relates to high-income countries. The purpose of this review is to examine and map the range of interventions in use and create an evidence base for future research in this area.MethodsIn the first instance, we will conduct a review of systematic reviews relevant to global adolescent alcohol interventions. We will search the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science, Global Health and PubMed using a broad search. In the second instance we will conduct a scoping review by drawing on the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. We will search for all study designs and grey literature using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science and Global Health, Google searches and searches in websites of relevant professional bodies and charities. An iterative approach to charting, collating, summarising and reporting the data will be taken, with the development of charting forms and the final presentation of results led by the extracted data. In both instances, the inclusion and exclusion criteria have been pre-defined, and two reviewers will independently screen abstracts and full text to determine eligibility of articles.DiscussionIt is anticipated that our findings will map intervention strategies aiming to reduce adolescent alcohol consumption in Africa. These findings are likely to be useful in informing future research, policy and public health strategies. Findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publication and in various media, for example, conferences, congresses or symposia.Protocol RegistrationThis protocol was submitted to the Open Science Framework on May 03, 2021. www.osf.io/qnvba

AUTOESTIMA, AUTOEFICACIA Y CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL EN ADOLESCENTES DE PREPARATORIA

El consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia representa un problema de salud pública dado a su origen multifactorial. Asimismo, la autoestima y autoeficacia tienen una gran importancia para el desarrollo adolescente. Objetivo. Conocer la influencia de la autoestima y autoeficacia sobre el consumo de alcohol, además de comparar la autoestima y autoeficacia por consumidores y no consumidores. Método. Estudio descriptivo correlacional con 426 adolescentes de preparatoria pertenecientes a Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México. Los datos se recolectaron a través de tres cuestionarios autoaplicables, la Prueba de Identificación de Trastornos debidos al Consumo de Alcohol, la Escala de Autoestima y la Escala de Autoeficacia. Resultados. El 23.7% de los adolescentes se encuentran dentro del consumo sensato, 12.2% en consumo dependiente y el 10.8% tiene un consumo dañino. El Modelo de Regresión Lineal Múltiple para la autoestima y autoeficacia sobre el consumo de alcohol en último año se mostró significativo. La autoestima y autoeficacia predicen el consumo de alcohol en el último año. Conclusión. Este estudio puede proporcionar información útil para el diseño e implementación de estrategias para la prevención del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de preparatoria.

Stuttering and Smoking Frequency: A Longitudinal Analysis of Adolescence and Young Adults

Purpose: Previous research exploring the association between stuttering and cigarette smoking has been confounded by failure to control for confounding factors, improper empirical specification and inadequate data. Due to these and other limitations, previous studies have found no association between stuttering and smoking. This study examines the relationship using a longitudinal sample of adolescents and young adults controlling for previous smoking, alcohol consumption and mood disorders. Methods: Regression analyses utilizes the Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health—a panel study following a cohort of 12 to 17-year-olds into adulthood with four repeated interviews—to assess the relationship between adult smoking frequency and stuttering controlling for age, demographic and parental characteristics, depression, anxiety and adolescent smoking and alcohol consumption. Results: Stuttering is highly predictive of adult smoking frequency, even after controlling for alcohol use, early-life smoking habits and mood disorders. The high correlation between smoking and age consumption suggest that patterns smoking begin in adolescence and continue into adulthood. Conclusion: Findings indicate that, all else held constant, individuals who stutter smoke more frequently than their fluent counterparts. Stress relief, social inclusivity or belongingness could induce individuals who stuttering to use smoking as a form of social capital or to facilitate inclusivity.

The effects of voluntary adolescent alcohol consumption on alcohol taste reactivity in Long Evans rats.

The relationship between age, ethanol intake, and the hedonic value of ethanol is key to understanding the motivation to consume ethanol. It is uncertain whether ethanol drinking during adolescence changes ethanol's hedonic value into adulthood. The current study compared voluntary intermittent ethanol consumption (IAE; 2-bottle choice; 20%v/v) among adolescent and adult Long-Evans rats to examine the effects of age and IAE on taste reactivity in adulthood. For taste reactivity, orally infused fluids included water, ethanol (5, 20, and 40%v/v), and sucrose (0.01, 0.1, 1M). IAE results indicate that adolescents drank more ethanol during IAE but had a lower rate of change in ethanol consumption across time than adults due to initially high adolescent drinking. During taste reactivity testing for ethanol, IAE rats had greater hedonic responding, less aversive responding, and a more positive relationship between hedonic responses and ethanol concentration than water-receiving control rats. Hedonic responses had positive, while aversive responses had negative relationships with ethanol concentration and total ethanol consumed during IAE. Adolescent+IAE rats displayed less hedonic and more aversive responses to ethanol than Adult+IAE rats. Sucrose responding was unrelated to ethanol consumption. These results suggest that ethanol consumption influences the future hedonic and aversive value of ethanol in a way that makes ethanol more palatable with greater prior consumption. However, it appears that those drinking ethanol as adolescents may be more resistant to this palatability shift than those first drinking as adults, suggesting different mechanisms of vulnerability to consumption escalation for adolescents and adults.

The association between studying in health promoting schools and adolescent smoking and alcohol consumption in Lithuania.

The concept of the Health Promoting School (HPS) encourages a holistic approach to promoting health in schools, instead of a more traditional education on health. The aim of this paper was to determine the association between studying in a HPS and smoking and alcohol consumption among adolescents. A cross-sectional study of 3574 adolescents from 44 HPS and 66 non-HPSs was conducted. The association between studying in a HPS and smoking and alcohol consumption among adolescents was analysed using logistic regression models. Pearson's χ2 test was used to determine the differences between HPS and non-HPS students' sociodemographic characteristics, and the difference in distribution of students who smoked and consumed alcohol at various rates across different groups. Studying in a HPS setting was not significantly associated with adolescent smoking or attempts to smoke. Compared to HPS students, non-HPS students had a significantly higher chance of attempting to consume alcohol and consumed alcohol once a month or more frequently. In comparing the distribution of HPS and non-HPS students according to the frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption across various groups of respondents, it was determined that some factors were associated with frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption among adolescents. The results of the study showed that studying in a HPS was associated with a reduction in both smoking and alcohol consumption, and therefore it is advisable to further develop the HPS network. However, both the individual and educational characteristics of adolescents must be taken into account when planning prevention measures.

The influence of personality traits on adolescent alcohol consumption trends

Adolescence is assessed differently is being called the golden age, ungrateful, great elanuri, drama, crisis, anxiety, insecurity, social integration. Gradually, mental development, especially the intellect is mature in relation to social and cultural make it more accountable. It dominates the living new experiences and tend to self assertion expressions of disdain for the family because the teenager begins to believe that it is in adulthood. Alcohol use in adolescents, personality traits and the factors that determine consumption (psychological, hereditary and environmental, social and environmental), represented in particular by the groups entourage who are trained in adolescents, the subject of this research.

Alcohol consumption in early adolescence: Associations with sociodemographic and psychosocial factors according to gender.

IntroductionEarly alcohol consumption can irreversible damage the adolescents’ brain and may affect their quality of life. In order to better prevent such a deleterious behaviour, knowing its determinants is needed. So far, only few studies among adolescents aged <15 years exist, of which the majority failed to include gender differences. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether gender differences in the association between alcohol use and sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics among 10-14-year olds exist.MethodsData came from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in French-speaking schools of Belgium. The sample analysed here comprised 4,364 10-14-year olds from the Walloon Region. Associations of the recent alcohol consumption (at least one glass during the past month) with sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics were estimated using gender-stratified multivariable logistic regression modelling.ResultsPrevalence of early alcohol consumption was 14% (boys: 16%; girls: 12%). Migration status and family affluence scale (FAS) were associated with early alcohol consumption only in boys. Second-generation immigrant boys (vs. natives: OR = 0.66 [0.47–0.92]) and boys from “low” FAS families (vs. “high”: OR = 0.56 [0.32–0.98]) or “medium” FAS (vs. “high”: OR = 0.63 [0.43–0.92]) were less likely to have consumed alcohol in the past month. In both genders, alcohol consumption was positively associated with age and inversely associated with school satisfaction and family support. No association was observed with family structure, peer support and life satisfaction in the multivariable models.ConclusionOur findings showed that gender differences may exist in the determinants of alcohol consumption among young adolescents. They will contribute to the development of public health policies and actions for the most vulnerable adolescents, which should take gender differences into account.

Exploring the Impact of Secondary Supply Laws on Adolescent Drinking Trends in Australia

Adolescent alcohol consumption has declined in Australia over the past 20 years. Secondary supply laws (SSLs) typically prohibit the supply of alcohol to adolescents by persons other than parents or guardians, or without parental consent. SSLs were introduced in Australia at different times in different states and territories over the period of declining alcohol consumption. In this study we examined the impact of variations in SSLs across Australia on young people's drinking. We used six waves of the National Drug Strategy Household Survey, a cross-sectional survey of the Australian population, from 2001 to 2016. The study population was adolescents ages 14-17 years. Our primary measure of interest was exposure to SSLs. Data were analyzed using two-way linear and logistic regression models with fixed effects of Australian state/territory and time to identify the effect of SSLs on the frequency of drinking, past-year drinking, and the secondary supply source, respectively. We found no evidence of an association between SSLs and any of the three outcomes of interest. SSLs are challenging to enforce, and, although they may empower parents to have more control over their children's drinking, they were not associated with reductions in adolescent drinking in Australia. Researchers looking to explain the decline in adolescent drinking in Australia should investigate factors beyond SSLs.

Effect of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass: RPS cohort of São Luís - MA.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE:To analyze the effects of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass.METHODS:A cohort study with 579 adolescents evaluated at birth and adolescence in a birth cohort in São Luís, Maranhão. In the proposed model, estimated by structural equation modeling, socioeconomic status (SES) at birth, maternal age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational smoking, gestational weight gain, type of delivery, gestational age, sex of the newborn, length and weight at birth, adolescent socioeconomic status, “neither study/nor work” generation, adolescent physical activity level and alcohol consumption were tested as early determinants of adolescent fat-free mass (FFM).RESULTS:A higher pregestational BMI resulted in higher FFM in adolescence (Standardized Coefficient, SC = 0.152; p < 0.001). Being female implied a lower FFM in adolescence (SC = −0.633; p < 0.001). The negative effect of gender on FFM was direct (SC = −0.523; p < 0.001), but there was an indirect negative effect via physical activity level (SC = −0.085; p < 0.001). Women were less active (p < 0.001). An increase of 0.5 kg (1 Standard Deviation, SD) in birth weight led to a gain of 0.25 kg/m2 (0.106 SD) in adolescent FFM index (p = 0.034). Not studying or working had a negative effect on the adolescent's FFM (SC = −0.106; p = 0.015). Elevation of 1 SD in the adolescent's physical activity level represented an increase of 0.5 kg/m2 (0.207 SD) in FFM index (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:The early determinants with the greatest effects on adolescent FFM are gender, adolescent physical activity level, pregestational BMI, birth weight and belonging to the “neither-nor” generation.

Relevance of Athlete-Specific Psychosocial Factors in High School Student-Athlete Alcohol Consumption

Background: Research suggests that adolescent student-athletes are at heightened risk for alcohol consumption. The identification of unique, modifiable risk factors for alcohol use in this population is needed. Purpose/Objectives: Building on previous work highlighting the importance of each of athlete-specific drinking motives and alcohol expectancies, this study investigated whether athlete-specific psychosocial predictors optimize our ability to predict adolescent athlete alcohol consumption after accounting for general psychosocial predictors. Methods: Participants were 352 current high school student-athletes who completed a self-report questionnaire about their alcohol use attitudes, behaviors, and cognitions. Results: Hierarchical regression revealed that among the total sample, gender, class year, liquid courage/sociability, sexuality, and negative alcohol expectancies, and negative athletic-functioning alcohol expectancies predicted alcohol consumption. Among lifetime drinkers, gender, class year, enhancement motives, conformity motives (negative), negative athlete-functioning alcohol expectancies, and sport-related coping motives predicted alcohol consumption. Conclusions/Importance: Negative athletic-functioning alcohol expectancies and sport-related coping motives emerged as important, athlete-specific predictors of adolescent athlete alcohol use. These factors provide important opportunities for targeted prevention efforts.

Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Konsumsi Alkohol

Background: Alcohol misuse increase between adolescent. They are more concerned with peer’s solidarity in drinking without being accompanied by a good knowledge. The aim of this study is to define adolescent’s knowledge about alcohol consumption. Methods: A Cross Sectional study was conducted in 35 alcoholic adolescent respondents with 12-22 years age range. Results: Knowledge assesment result showed that 60% respondents had a lack of knowledge, and 100% had negative attitudes and practices towards Alcohol consumption. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge related alcohol consumption in adolescents can spread to another risk behaviors in adolescents. Health workers should optimize the youth program such as PKPR in puskesmas by conducting health education especially on alcoholism and the long-term impact in the future.

A utilização de álcool na população adolescente e sua relação com ideias suicí­das

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre o consumo de álcool em adolescentes e sua relação com o suicidio em escolas estaduais de João Pessoa. Método:Para a realização do estudo utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável que abordavam questões referentes ao consumo de bebida e ideações suicidas. Os dados foram analisados por estatí­stica descritiva e Qui-quadrado. A amostra foi composta por 1142 estudantes com média da idade de 16,38 anos. Resultados: podemos destacar que 12% da população da amostra planejaram suicidar-se e 7,4% tentaram suicidar-se. Acrescentando com consumo de álcool, onde cerca de 40,9% ingeriram bebida alcoólica no último mês. As análises demonstraram a existência de uma relação entre o plano para o suicí­dio vinculado a quantidade de bebida no último mês (x2 20,116; p&lt;0,000), como também a Tentativa do suicí­dio vinculado com a quantidade bebida no último mês (x2 17,126; p&lt;0,017). Conclusão: portanto, indicar possí­veis estratégias para o desenvolvimento de intervenções eficazes neste grupo etário.

Drinking among friends: The role of personality in links between online exposure to peer drinking and adolescent alcohol use

The roles of conscientiousness and excitement seeking were investigated in the relationship between exposure to peer alcohol use online and adolescent alcohol consumption. It was hypothesized that higher levels of perceived peer alcohol use online would be associated with reports of higher adolescent alcohol consumption. Additionally, it was proposed that the relationship between perceived levels of peer alcohol use online and individual alcohol consumption would be stronger for adolescents lower in conscientiousness, and higher in excitement seeking, than it was in more conscientious, and less excitement-seeking students. Control variables included gender, pubertal timing, frequency of social networking site use, social networking site investment, and in-person peer alcohol norms. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey from a sample of 1,018 students (M = 16.45 years old, SD = 0.32 years). Higher levels of in-person peer drinking norms and social networking site alcohol exposure were associated with higher adolescent drinking. Furthermore, excitement seeking significantly moderated the relationship between social networking site alcohol exposure and alcohol use. Participants reporting higher excitement seeking appeared more susceptible to online alcohol exposure than those reporting lower excitement seeking. The current study contributes to understandings of adolescent drinking by demonstrating personality differences in adolescent susceptibility to online alcohol consumption norms.

Trends in adolescent drinking across 39 high-income countries: exploring the timing and magnitude of decline.

Evidence suggests adolescent alcohol consumption has declined since the turn of the millennium in almost all high-income countries. However, differences in the timing and magnitude of the decline have not been explored across countries. We examined trends in adolescent past month or monthly alcohol consumption prevalence from cross-national or national survey reports for 39 countries and four US territories. For each country, we calculated the magnitude of the decline in youth drinking as the relative change in prevalence from the peak year to the most recent year available. Heat maps were utilized to present the timing and magnitudes of these declines. The timing and extent of youth drinking declines have varied markedly across countries. The decline began in the USA before 1999, followed by Northern European countries in the early 2000s; Western Europe and Australasia in the mid-2000s. The steepest declines were found for Northern Europe and the UK, and the shallowest declines were observed in Eastern and Southern European countries. Previous analyses of the decline in adolescent drinking have emphasized the wide reach of the changes and their near-coincidence in time. Our analysis points to the other side of the picture that there were limits to the wide reach, and that there was considerable variation in timing. These findings suggest that as well as broader explanations that stretch across countries, efforts to explain recent trends in adolescent drinking should also consider factors specific to countries and regions.

The consumption of alcohol by adolescent schoolchildren: Differences in the triadic relationship pattern between rural and urban environments.

Excessive alcohol consumption in adolescents is one of the most significant public health problems currently facing society. Social and geographical contexts contribute to the development of alcohol-related behavior in adolescents. The aim of this research is to analyze the social pattern related to alcohol consumption in adolescents based on their geographical environment. We designed a descriptive cross-sectional study based on social network analysis. We recruited 196 high school students between 16 and 18 years of age to participate in the study. The methodology applied was social network analysis by means of transitivity and homophily social triads. The data were analyzed using STATA statistical software. A total of 58.48% of rural adolescents consumed alcohol compared to 49.52% of urban adolescents. These results demonstrate that adolescents who live in rural areas exhibit a greater risk of drinking alcohol than those who live in urban areas. The presence of transitive triads increases the probability of sharing sociodemographic attributes in such a way that it may be considered one of the causes of homophily, contributing to adolescents taking greater risks, such as consuming alcohol.

ПОЛОВОЗРАСТНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ АЛКОГОЛЬНОЙ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ У ПОДРОСТКОВ

Statement of the problem. The article provides an overview of the theoretical provisions and research on the formation of alcohol dependence in adolescence. At the same time, alcohol dependence is presented as a complex phenomenon, which includes the following components: addictive liability, dependent behavior, motives of alcohol consumption. There is a contradiction between the continuous growth of adolescent alcoholism, decrease in the age of persons who consume alcoholic beverages, the increasing number of adolescent girls who consume alcoholic beverages, and the insufficient number of psychological and pedagogical studies in the field of alcohol addiction development among elder adolescents. As a research task, the authors identified an attempt to identify and describe the indicators of alcohol dependence among elder adolescents. It has been shown that there is a connection between addictive behavior, alcohol dependence and the motives of alcohol consumption in adolescence. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of alcohol dependence development in adolescence. Research methodology. In the study, we rely on the scientific ideas of age-related development in the context of studying addictive behavior among adolescents in the works by L.S. Vygotsky, A.V. Petrovsky, E. Erickson, and others; research on the problems of addictive behavior and its prevention (A.A. Aleksandrova, A.V. Gogoleva, M.V. Romannikova, N.A.Sirota, T.A.Shilova, V.M. Yaltonsky, etc.). The total sample size was 162 adolescents in the 9th grade: 80 boys and 82 girls studying in educational institutions of Krasnoyarsk. The diagnostic package is represented by the following methods: questionnaire survey “Attitude of adolescents to alcoholic beverages”, test questionnaire “Addictive liability” by V.V. Yusupov and V.A. Korzunina, test questionnaire “Liability to addictive behavior” (on the example of alcohol dependence) by V.D. Mendelevich, V.Yu. Zavyalov’s questionnaire “The motives for consuming alcohol”. To compare the samples, the Mann-Whitney U-test and calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Results. The study showed that adolescents are characterized by low psychological resistance to an unfavorable social environment and poor adaptation in the educational space. The risk of alcohol dependence development was revealed under certain social conditions, and the girls were more strongly oriented towards the use of alcoholic beverages. The first acquaintance with alcohol of adolescents took place before the age of 10, adolescents tried alcohol, and half of them prefer beer, but at the same time drink strong drinks. Internal psychological reasons allow adolescents to use alcohol more often to raise their spirits, to liberate themselves in communication, to become ‘cronies’ in the group. The latter is especially true for girls. The leading motives for alcohol consumption are mainly the motives of the traditional and hedonic subtypes among girls and the pseudo-cultural and ataractic subtypes among boys, which may indicate the absence of alcoholic illness as such, but this is an alarming symptom for adolescents. There is a relationship between the severity of addiction, alcohol dependence and motivation for alcohol consumption (moderately pronounced addictive risk, signs of a tendency, addiction to alcohol, traditional motives, signs of increased addiction, submissive motives, pronounced signs of addiction, signs of increased liability, alcohol consumption for the company, pseudo-cultural type of motives, hedonistic motives, ataractic motives). Conclusion. The study made it possible to identify adolescents with varying degrees of risk of alcohol dependence, who require preventive work to be carried out with them. It is concluded that the study of adolescents’ attitudes to alcohol will expand the understanding of the phenomenon of alcohol dependence, and, no doubt, will be useful for purposeful planning and implementation of psychological and pedagogical prevention in an educational institution. Based on the data obtained, a prevention program can be developed using modern interactive technologies.