Program Administrators Research Articles

Landscape of Globally Minded Leadership Development for Public Servants

This study aimed to unravel how far the concept of leadership development for agility has gone into the curriculum of higher education institutions (HEI) as an indication of their preparedness for educating public servants in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) policy environment of today. A qualitative, systematic analytical method was adopted by referencing the public policy and administration schools of the world’s top 100 ranked universities in The Times Higher Education World University Overall Rankings 2024. The results were categorized into three executive programs with the potential for leadership enhancement through customized arrangements, two executive programs with the label of “leadership,” and one executive program that specifically addresses agility-relevant leadership development for the VUCA era. The study concluded that leadership development focusing on agility is still at an infancy/early stage of adoption by the world’s public policy and administration schools. This study made a step forward by identifying where the programs are already running, down to the point where the university is running, and which public policy and administration programs. The practical implications of the study reside in its referential value for those governments and/or their professionals in identifying where services are provided.

Resilience of public administration students during the pandemic: The impacts of coping strategies and learning barriers

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the delivery of education across the United States, giving rise to a myriad of challenges for university students. Yet, many students demonstrated tremendous resilience. Using an online survey conducted at a Hispanic-Serving Institution in May 2021, this study examines the relationship between coping strategies, learning barriers, and resilience among Public Administration students approximately one year into the pandemic while students were still taking their courses online. The regression analysis of 180 survey responses finds a positive and statistically significant correlation relationship between proactive coping strategies of Public Administration students and their resilience, while avoidant coping strategies and learning barriers are inversely correlated with student resilience. Moreover, proactive coping strategies lessened the negative effect of both learning barriers and avoidant coping on resilience. The findings imply that Public Administration programs should prioritize efforts to strengthen proactive coping strategies and reduce learning barriers to support student resilience and success.

Beyond entrepreneurship education: the long-term impact of higher education teaching models on new venture creation

PurposeTeaching models in higher education entrepreneurship programs affect students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Yet evidence related to their effects on long-term venture creation remains limited. Past research on the effects of teaching models on entrepreneurship has focused narrowly on entrepreneurship education programs. The present study moves beyond this past narrow focus to study teaching model effects on new venture creation across a broad array of higher education programs.Design/methodology/approachWe assess the effects of teaching models on new venture creation across 35 educational programs (entrepreneurship and other business programs) at a large Danish business school, tracing venture creation data for 5 years after graduation (N = 4,717).FindingsCompetence-based teaching models positively impact graduates’ long-term new venture creation across all programs, with no differences between entrepreneurship vs other types of programs.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings carry implications for both education and entrepreneurship research, as well as policymakers and educators, by pointing toward ways of impacting postgraduate business venturing through teaching model reforms extending beyond entrepreneurship education.Originality/valueFor the first time, we find effects of competence teaching models on postgraduation new venture creation across a broad array of business administration programs. The results are novel in documenting that teaching models generally impact venture creation in the long term, and that this occurs regardless of whether the program content centers on entrepreneurship or on other business administration content.

On fostering employee participation in voluntary corporate-sponsored wellness programs.

As organizations are increasingly turning to voluntary wellness programs to improve employee well-being, the majority of studies in literature have focused on corporate-level benefits of wellness programs, such as productivity. However, there is a scarcity of studies that examine the intrinsic motivators that influence employee participation in such programs. In this study, we use a unique secondary dataset from a voluntary corporate wellness program and propose a novel theoretical framework based on motivational and behavioral theories to examine and understand the participants' behavior. Our findings show that frequent participants are overall healthier and have a stronger intrinsic motivation to commit to a wellness program, as they are better in allocating their limited time resources between various wellness activities. In contrast, one-time participants prove to be less health-conscious and interested in investing time and energy in a wellness program. This study makes several contributions to theory and practice by identifying the individual characteristics and intrinsic motivational factors that compel participants to engage in frequent participation in wellness programs. We also offer recommendations to program administrators on how to personalize ongoing wellness programs to bolster employees' participation and promote more health-conscious behaviors.

Incidence and antecedents of emergent suicidal ideation and behavior among Veterans with serious mental illness receiving intensive case management.

Veterans with serious mental illness (SMI; i.e., schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, major mood disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder) are a high-risk group for suicide and little is known about those with emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior. The primary study aim was to examine the six-month incidence and baseline antecedents of emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior (suicidal ideation and/or behavior at six-month follow-up but not at enrollment) in Veterans with SMI enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) community-based treatment program (i.e., Intensive Community Mental Health Recovery [ICMHR]). A second, exploratory aim was to examine six-month follow-up ICMHR service use (e.g., frequency of contact with Veteran, type of services provided) in those with emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior. National ICMHR program evaluation data from 2000 to 2013 were analyzed for Veterans with enrollment and six-month follow-up assessments (n=9921). Analyses examined differences in baseline characteristics and ICMHR service use in those with emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior compared to those with other suicidal ideation and/or behavior patterns (i.e., none [at either timepoint], improved [present at enrollment but not at follow-up], persistent [present at both timepoints]). Results showed that 1.7% (n=167) of the sample had emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior. Some suicidal ideation and/or behavior groups differed significantly from the emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior group on odds of: lifetime hospitalizations, baseline subjective distress, affective disorder diagnosis, and baseline quality of life. Overall, historical and current clinical factors and quality of life should be assessed in this population given their association with emergent suicidal ideation and/or behavior.

관료제 권력 측정: 문재인 정부의 중앙부처를 중심으로

This study presents the results of measuring the relative size and ranking of bureaucratic power among 44 central administrative agencies during the Moon Jae-in administration to analyze the phenomenon of bureaucratic power. The results of the Bureaucratic Power Index (BPI) measurement indicate that the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Ministry of National Defense, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, and Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy ranked high in relative bureaucratic power, in that order, while the Rural Development Administration, Statistics Korea, Defense Acquisition Program Administration, Public Procurement Service, and Military Manpower Administration ranked low in that order. When compared with the results of previous studies measuring the administrations of Roh Moo-hyun, Lee Myung-bak, and Park Geun-hye, the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Ministry of National Defense, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy, Ministry of Education, National Intelligence Service, and Ministry of the Interior and Safety consistently ranked high in relative standing across all four administrations. Conversely, the Ministry of Government Legislation, Military Manpower Administration, Rural Development Administration, National Human Rights Commission, Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, Public Procurement Service, and Cultural Heritage Administration consistently ranked low in relative standing. Notably, the so-called “power agencies,” such as the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, National Police Agency, and National Intelligence Service, exhibited higher BPI scores and relative rankings under the conservative administrations of Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye compared to the progressive administrations of Roh Moo-hyun and Moon Jae-in. The theoretical and practical contribution of this study lies in emphasizing the necessity of checks and democratic control over bureaucratic power institutions.

Analysis of English Course Program Management at the BBC Stabat English Course Institute

The purpose of this study is to analyze the management of the English course program at the BBC Stabat institution, to describe and interpret the factors that influence the management of the English course program at the BBC Stabat course institution. This study uses a qualitative research method. The subjects of this study were the head of the institution, the English coordinator, the English tutor, and one of the English course students at the BBC Stabat English course. Determination of subjects was carried out using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The techniques used in data analysis are data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The technique used to explain the validity of the data is by using triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The management of the English course program carried out by the BBC Stabat English course goes through several stages, namely planning which is carried out by planning administration and learning programs; organizing by creating an organizational structure and division of labor; implementing an English course program through a staged test of ability tests to increase the level of the student's ability class; supervision through meetings and accountability reports and evaluating the program. (2) Supporting factors are: (a) Quality of teaching; (b) Flexibility in learning; (c) Strong management support; (d) Effective team communication. (3) Inhibiting factors that affect management are disruption of technological infrastructure and differences in student characteristics.

The value of social capital in small business lending: Evidence from the Small Business Administration program

AbstractWe explore how social capital influences small business lending under the Small Business Administration (SBA) program. We find that banks reduce loan spreads for SBA borrowers located in counties with high social capital. This effect is stronger among SBA Express lenders or when lenders face higher information asymmetry, but weaker during periods of more government assistance and SBA guarantee. Firms located in higher social capital counties are also less likely to default on their loans. Overall, our findings highlight the role of social capital—as an important source of soft information— in the pricing and performance of small business loans.

The Implementation of Administrative Services through Application of Digital Technology in Medokan Ayu to Increase the Service Quality for People

Public service is one of the efforts made by the government to provide services to the community. In Surabaya, one of the most important public services is the population administration service, which is managed by the city's Population and Civil Registration Office. To access this service, Surabaya residents have the option to take care of their population administration at the local urban village office or RW hall. Thus, the Surabaya City Government seeks to bring services closer to the community and improve the ease of access to administrative services. This research aims to describe and analyze how the implementation of bureaucratic reform on service performance in Medokan Ayu urban village. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collected by observation, interview and documentation methods. This research uses the theoretical reference put forward by Agus Dwijayanto (2006) in Ismoyo (2017), which identifies five main indicators to measure the performance of the public bureaucracy. These indicators include: (1) Productivity, (2) Service Quality, (3) Responsiveness, (4) Responsiveness (5) Accountability. The results show that population administration services in Kelurahan Medokan Ayu face significant challenges, especially related to the limitations of competent human resources and the lack of socialization of administrative programs. However, with reforms through the application of digital technology, such as barcode systems and e-Kios, service productivity has increased substantially despite the limited number of employees. The quality of service has also been improved by providing additional services such as outreach for underprivileged residents and making it easier for them to access the services they need.

Program and Institutional Coordinator Well-Being: Results From a National Survey.

This study explores the mental health and well-being, overall job satisfaction, likelihood to leave position, and perceptions of job satisfiers and stressors and dissatisfiers in a national sample of program and institutional coordinators in graduate medical education (GME). Between August and September 2022, 11,887 program and institutional coordinators and managers with email addresses listed in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education database were emailed a survey link. The survey queried mental health using the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 depression scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7, and a 2-item burnout scale derived from the Maslach Burnout Inventory; overall satisfaction with work; likelihood to leave work; and drivers of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. A total of 6,372 coordinators and managers responded to the survey, with 1,367 (23.9%) reporting moderate to severe depression symptoms on the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 and 1,767 (30.4%) reporting moderate to severe anxiety symptoms on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7. A total of 2,069 respondents (36.3%) reported feeling burned out at least once per week, 1,288 (20.4%) reported being dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with work, and 1,510 (27.9%) reported being likely or very likely to leave their job in the next year. Positive interactions with administrative staff, residents, fellows, faculty, and program leadership were the highest ranked drivers of job satisfaction. Tracking down residents, fellows, and faculty to complete required tasks, low pay, overall workload, level of detail to manage, time pressure, lack of appreciation by faculty, and sense of entitlement of residents were leading job dissatisfaction drivers. Coordinators are vitally important members of the GME community who play critical roles in supporting the GME enterprise. This study aims to raise awareness of the challenges and struggles faced by coordinators to lead to improvements in their job satisfaction, mental health, and well-being.

Addressing contemporary issues in public administration: Effective strategies for improving efficiency and transparency in public services

In contemporary global public administration challenges, the interaction mechanism between civil society and government authorities becomes extremely important to ensure sustainable development and social well-being. Therefore, the relevance of this research is driven by the need to find an effective strategy to enhance efficient and transparent communication between the public and local government authorities. This work aims to analyse and assess the effectiveness of public administration mechanisms in the context of government-public interaction based on international experience and to develop effective ways and strategies for further application of participation tools. The study employs various methods, such as statistical data analysis, comparative methods, and population surveys. Firstly, it was established that government and local authorities should create favourable conditions for the development of public initiatives, avoid interference in the formation and activities of civil society institutions, use transparent mechanisms to support their work and involve the public in making and implementing government decisions. Thus, such communication will ensure the development of our state, strengthening its economic potential and defence capability. Particular attention was paid to the mechanisms for involving the public in decision-making in the Mykolaiv City Council, and practical advisory councils and their functions were identified. This allowed for the proposal of modern forms of participation to support the functioning of public services in the studied community. The practical significance of this work lies in the fact that the research results can serve as a basis for developing and implementing effective strategies and public administration programs in the context of communicative interaction between the government and the public, which will contribute to their sustainable social and economic development.

Cultivating Ethical Leadership in Public Administration: Integrating Social Justice and Equity into Educational Programs in Sulu, Philippines

Ethical leadership is crucial in public administration, particularly in regions like Sulu, Philippines, which faces complex governance challenges, including poverty, inequality, and conflict. This study explores the integration of social justice and equity into public administration educational programs to cultivate ethical leaders who can address these challenges effectively. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 100 public administration students and faculty members in Sulu, and in-depth interviews with 10 experienced public administrators. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while qualitative data were analyzed1 thematically. The findings revealed a strong awareness among students and faculty of the importance of social justice and equity in public administration. However, there were gaps in integrating these concepts into the curriculum and pedagogy. Experienced administrators emphasized the need for practical experience and mentorship to develop ethical leadership skills in the context of Sulu's unique challenges. In conclusion, this study highlights the need for educational reform in public administration programs in Sulu to strengthen the cultivation of ethical leadership. Recommendations include incorporating experiential learning opportunities, community engagement, and culturally relevant case studies to bridge the gap between theory and practice.

Evidence Synthesis Instructional Offerings in Library and Information Science Programs

Objective – The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which evidence synthesis (ES) is incorporated into American Library Association (ALA)-accredited master’s level Library and Information Studies (LIS) programs. The study considered the depth of coverage, interest in additional curriculum content, and preferences for expanding existing coverage. Methods – A cross-sectional survey was implemented. Program administrators and instructors currently involved with ALA-accredited master’s level LIS programs in Canada and the United States were eligible to participate. Recruitment emails targeted faculty and administrators from a directory of institutions offering ALA-accredited MLIS programs. Results – 26 eligible responses from 20 unique institutions were obtained. Most respondents reported that ES is incorporated into the curriculum, albeit only briefly in most cases. Most of the respondents expressed interest in incorporating more ES content into the curriculum, specifically as a portion of a course. A greater number of respondents would prefer to bring in external guest speakers to teach the ES content, but a small percentage were interested in training for existing LIS instructors. Conclusion – In-depth instruction on ES in LIS programs is currently limited. However, there appears to be interest in increasing ES content in curricula, primarily in the form of guest lecturers.

Learning Disabilities and the Adult Learner

ABSTRACTApproximately one‐quarter of the adult population self‐reports having one or more disabilities. Expanding adult and continuing education access for individuals with disabilities is an important dimension of striving to make our programs more inclusive. Thus, it is crucial that adult and continuing educators have a basic understanding of the types of disability that relate most directly to adult learning. This article reviews key definitions, models of disability, and legal requirements related to adult disability. It also takes a more focused look at the literature on several types of disabilities, along with approaches that have been taken over time to develop the learning skills and strategies of individuals with these disabilities and restructure learning environments to make them more accessible. This information should be considered a starting point. Making needed changes will require continuing commitment from teachers, trainers, and program administrators.

Recommendations for Transitioning Young People with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders and Autoinflammatory Diseases to Adult Care

PurposeSignificant improvements in the prognosis for young patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PID) and Autoinflammatory Disorders (AID), which together make up the majority of Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI), have resulted in the need for optimisation of transition and transfer of care to adult services. Effective transition is crucial to improve health outcomes and treatment compliance among patients. Evaluations of existing transition programmes in European health centres identified the absence of disease-specific transition guidelines for PID and AID, as a challenge to the transition process. This research aimed to establish expert consensus statements for the transition of young patients with PID and AID to adult services.MethodsThis project used the Delphi method to establish mutual agreement for the proposed recommendations. A draft set of statements was developed following a literature review of existing transition programmes. Then the ERN RITA Transition Working Group convened to review the drafted recommendations and develop them into a survey. This survey was circulated among healthcare professionals to determine consensus using a five-point Likert scale, with the level of agreement set to 80% or greater. Statements that did not reach consensus were revised by the Working Group and recirculated among respondents.ResultsThe initial survey received 93 responses from 68 centres across 23 countries, while the following survey outlining revised recommendations received 66 responses. The respondents agreed upon recommendations detailing the structure and administration of transition programmes, collaborative working with social systems, and contraindications to transfer of care.ConclusionThis paper sets out a comprehensive set of recommendations to optimise transitional care for PID and AID.

Predictors of Acceptance and Barriers to the Uptake of Mass Drug Administration Program for Eliminating Trachoma in Taura District, Jigawa State Nigeria: A Mixed Methods Study

Aim: To identify predictors and barriers to antibiotics acceptance during mass drug administration (MDA) for trachoma in Taura Local Government Area of Jigawa state Nigeria, which is one of the trachoma-endemic districts with repeated reports of low coverage rates. Methods: A mixed-method cross-sectional survey was carried out. A survey questionnaire on attitude, belief, and practice associated with the acceptance of MDA for trachoma was administered to a cross- section of 1502 persons from 202 randomly selected households of 30 clusters. In addition, four key informant interviews (KII) and three Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted to explore barriers to the acceptance of antibiotics during mass treatment. Quantitative data were analyzed using STATA version 14.0, while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic framework. Results: Predictors of antibiotics acceptance were older age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.84], higher educational qualification (AOR = 2.64), perception of being at risk of disease, perception of additional benefits of the drug, and household participation in the previous MDA. Major reasons for non-acceptance were previous personal experience of side effects (32%), fear of side effects (23%), and participants’ belief that they were not suffering from any illness (16%). Major barriers were low felt need, effect of rumor, fears of side effects, and unsuitable timing of distribution. Provider-related barriers were poor motivation of community drug distributors (CDDs) and lack of pre-distribution awareness campaigns. Conclusion: If MDA programs are to succeed, consideration must be made for a pre-distribution community awareness campaign, on-the-spot consumption strategy, appropriate timing, and motivation of CDDs.

Exploring Co-mentoring Circle Practices: Insights for Leadership Development

This article describes a graduate mentoring program included in a course that is part of the required coursework for the PK-12 Principal and Program Administrator Certification Program, and findings related to the program’s effectiveness. The mentoring program is called a “Co-mentoring Circle,” which is held as a part of the required Principal and Program Administrator Internship Seminar once a month during the academic year. The co-mentoring circle process has been refined over the past 10 academic years with over 100 participants. The co-mentoring circles process was designed to fill a need for PK-12 Principal and Program Administrator Interns to have a supportive and confidential space in which to process their internship experiences and learn from the wealth of knowledge, experience, and expertise among all the Interns in the Seminar. Co-mentoring circles draw upon foundational and current mentoring scholarship and integrate effective mentoring and co-mentoring practices with leadership preparation scholarship and best practices for PK-12 Principal and Program Administrators for service as future building-based school or school district level leaders.

Balancing Faculty Autonomy with Collaboration, Course Updates, and Consistency in Core Courses: Recommendations for Teaching Teams and Administrators of Schools and Programs of Public Health

Master of Public Health (MPH) “core courses” are essential preparation for advanced study and professional practice. As a multidisciplinary, core course teaching team, we aim to balance collaboration, the need to update content, and consistency across sections with faculty autonomy, while also attending to time constraints and Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) accreditation requirements. In this paper, we describe and discuss advantages and disadvantages of the four strategies we used to illuminate how we spend class time, prioritize content, and balance institutional consistency with instructor individuality. The strategies are: create common course materials; hold regular instructional team meetings; capture teacher impressions after each weekly class; and conduct individual syllabus and semester review interviews with the teaching team. Analysis led to seven recommendations for both teaching teams and administrators of schools and programs of public health that have the potential to improve the teaching of core subjects. Core courses present instructors with opportunities to feature our specific departments and potentially inspire students to work in our specialty areas. These findings are relevant to colleagues who are striving to respect the autonomy to which many in academia are accustomed and help ensure students enjoy consistent, high-quality experiences in team-taught courses.

Evaluating the effectiveness of the education program developed for the empowerment of new graduate nurses: A randomized controlled trial.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the education program developed based on the structural empowerment (SE) and psychological empowerment (PE) theories and flipped classroom model for the empowerment of new graduate nurses (NGNs). Single-center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted between June 2021 and September 2023 in two phases: developing the education program to empower NGNs and evaluating its effectiveness. An education program consisting of two parts, online and face-to-face, was developed. The online part consists of eight modules implemented for two weeks. The face-to-face part was implemented for two days and included the in-class activities. NGNs were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n: 32) and control group (n: 32). An education program was applied to the intervention group, whereas the control group continued their routine orientation program. A range of outcome measures of SE, PE, and education programs' effectiveness were evaluated. Data were analyzed using descriptive, chi-squared, and t-tests. The study determined that the intervention and control groups showed homogeneous distribution in the pretest. A statistically significant difference was identified between the intervention and control groups regarding the mean scores of PE and SE three months following the implementation of the education program, and the total mean score of the intervention group was higher. The education program developed to empower NGNs was a highly effective intervention in increasing nurses' perceptions of SE and PE. There is a need to carry out studies and activities to disseminate this program. The findings of this study will guide educators, researchers, and administrators in future strategies and innovative programs for empowering NGNs.

Access to maternity waiting home services and its determinants among women in Ethiopia: systematic reviews and meta-analysis

IntroductionGlobally, maternal mortality is a major public health problem mainly due to a lack of access to skilled care during childbirth. Maternity waiting homes (MWHs) play a critical role in accessing emergency obstetric care for pregnant women during childbirth. However, available studies show inconsistent findings about women's utilization of maternity waiting homes. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify the pooled prevalence of women's utilization of maternity waiting homes and its associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodWe used the PRISMA guidelines to report the review. We searched for potentially eligible studies in Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google using Medical Subject Heading terms and keywords. The retrieved articles were screened and assessed for quality. The heterogeneity across studies was checked using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. The pooled levels of women's utilization and associated factors were analyzed using meta-analysis. The publication bias was measured using the funnel plot and Egger's test. The subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were carried out to identify the studies with high effects.ResultsA total of 11 eligible studies with 11,784 study participants were included. The utilization of MWHs was in the range of 7%–42.5%. The pooled estimate of women's utilization of maternity waiting homes was 22.49%. Factors associated with utilization included women's decision-making power, access to transport, walking distance to the nearest facility, and having a companion.Conclusion and recommendationThe overall prevalence of maternity waiting home utilization in Ethiopia is low, with significant variation across regions. Health sector program administrators should focus on both the consumer and healthcare system.Systematic Review RegistrationThe review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (number CRD42021243526).