Indian Administration Research Articles

Indian Tamils of Srilanka and Unchanging Language Identities

The Indian Tamils settled down in the South Central Province of Mountains nearly 200 years ago. It is officially reckoned that the Indian Tamils are about 5% of the entire population of Sri Lanka. There is a strong background behind the settlement of the ancestors of millions of Indian Tamils who live widespread in the Uphills of Sri Lanka. Most of the Indian Provinces were severely affected by the Famine in the 19th century; Madras Presidency was one among them. In order that death due to famine may be controlled, the British Indian Administration decided to send away the Tamils to the Colonial Nations that were under the British rule.

Infrastructure evaluation, role of public bike sharing systems – Global and Indian context

Public bike-sharing systems have become a prominent feature across the globe. In less than a decade, bike-sharing systems increased from 347 in 2010 to 2006 in 2020. Despite the bike-sharing ongoing growth, more research is needed, especially in developing countries like India, where the available literature on bike-sharing is minimal. The paper’s main objective is to present a comparative evaluation of bike-sharing systems in Indian cities to other bike-sharing cities worldwide. Further, to examine the differences present between Indian cities and International cities and analyse the reasons for such differences. This study also tried to understand the relationship between various parameters affecting bike-sharing metrics such as bike-share performance, usage, and market penetration. A bivariate correlation and regression analysis revealed several significant predictions among the bike-sharing parameters. These results provide insights into the relative influence of bike-share parameters on bike-share metrics, which can be helpful to city planners and operators in effectively planning bike-share systems. Further, the study also examined the role of bike share as a mode of urban transport and how its relation with other transport systems is changing from city to city. The insights from this analysis also help the city administrators in India to define the role of bike-share based on its size and availability of transport system alternatives in the city.

Role of Information and Communication Technologies in the Metamorphosis of Justice Administration in India: A Legal Study

The Internet and the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have entirely changed the way governments function and have revolutionised legal governance as well all over the globe. At the international level for initiating such a gigantic change, to begin with, the Model Law on Electronic Commerce (MLEC), put forward by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) and adopted on 12 June 1996 had played a commendable role. Subsequently, Model Law on Electronic Signatures (MLES), was adopted. The Information Technology Act 2000 amended in 2008 contains the provisions for e-governance thus legally recognising the use of ICTs in judicial administration in India.

Cultural competency for the global age

ABSTRACT Teaching cultural competency is a two-way street. Instruction is more comprehensive when it raises awareness of cultural context. And students see relevancy when they learn how theories and principles relate to the context they know. Cultural context is especially obvious in nations colonized by cultures different from theirs. India provides a compelling example because it has a blended public service culture containing several parts tradition and several parts that fit uncomfortably with the nation’s psyche. This discussion uses public administration in India to demonstrate how cultural context shapes preferences for institutions and how it influences expectations for interpersonal dynamics when state meets street. After presenting the Indian scenario, suggestions are provided for how to incorporate cultural competency into the curriculum and how to spotlight it in a classroom exercise.

Digitization of Income Tax Administration in India

Several initiatives have been launched by the Income Tax Department in recent years to promote the use of information technology (IT) and IT-enabled services for the efficient and transparent administration of income tax. This paper outlines the importance of the digital economy and knowledge economy in the context of tax administration in India. It outlines the various initiatives taken by the government of India that have simplified tax compliance and eased the compliance burden.

National Educational Policy 2020 - Heart of Sustainable Development Goals 2030

Education is a fundamental human right, which provides knowledge and skills to people to increase employment prospects, reduce poverty and improve health and wellbeing. The road to achieving quality education, which is the backbone and basis of every society's development, is through education policy. The concept of sustainable development is equally important for society's growth. The effects of human society on the environment give rise to the idea of sustainable development. Sustainable development is the idea that human societies must live and meet their needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable Development Goals 2030, which are focused on transforming the world, were established in order to achieve sustainable development throughout the globe. Education is at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which includes total 17 goals one of which, Goal No. 4 purely emphasizes on educational quality, ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting opportunities for lifelong learning for everyone. After thirty years, the present administration in India has introduced the National Education Policy (NEP-2020), which focuses on achieving quality education and sustainable development for the nation.

OVERCROWDING IN INDIAN PRISONS: DURING PRE COVID-19 AND ONGOING PANDEMIC

The Prison administration in India usually faces several challenges in prison management even during the normal times. These challenges got aggravated during the ongoing pandemic COVID-19. One of the main challenges has been the overcrowding in prisons in India. The Supreme Court of India (SC) took suo-moto cognizance of the issue of overcrowding in prisons during the pandemic and considered the situation that the prison inmates were at a high risk of transmission of COVID-19 virus due to the high rate of ingress and egress, in prisons. Thus, the Supreme Court directed the state governments to constitute a High Power Committee (HPC) and identify the prisoners including undertrials who could be released on interim bail or parole. The authors of this research paper have undertaken a study of the issue of overcrowding in Indian prisons in pre COVID-19 times and finding out if the overcrowding actually reduced in the last one year during the ongoing pandemic in view of the SC order. The authors have also explored and an alysed the reasons behind such high overcrowding in India Prisons and have made some suggestions to overcome these in future.

Constitutional sanction behind rural administration in India: A story behind the evolution from Raj to Swaraj

Constitutional sanction behind rural administration in India: A story behind the evolution from Raj to Swaraj

The doctrine of repugnancy the constitutional governance and judicial interpretation with reference to farm laws in India

Federalism implies the system of division of powers between the Central and State Governments. India is a Quazi-Federal country with strong Centre with 97 subject matters of legislation. The framers of the Indian Constitution gave residuary matters in the hands of the Central Legislature. The States are subordinate to Central Government in co-ordinating the administration. Co-operative federalism is a pre-requisite of Indian administration through the creation of various administrative agencies. The doctrine of repugnancy will arise in matters relating to Concurrent list. If the law made by the State Legislature is in conflict with the law made by the Parliament, the Central Law will prevail over State law. The state law becomes void in view of the doctrine of Repugnancy.

The British Non-Recognition of Bukhara's Independence in 1922: Assessments, Forecasts, and Mechanism

The article examines the British vision and assessments of the situation in Bukhara in the winter of 1921–1922, immediately after the split of the Union of Bolsheviks and Young Bukharians, which previously led to the creation of the so-called Bukhara People's Soviet Republic in the fall of 1920. Drawing on British archival sources, the article examines the decision-making process and projections for future development and outlines the mechanism of interaction between the various institutions of the British Indian administration and its decisions regarding Anglo-Bukharian relations. The United Kingdom needed to prevent any threat to its Indian possessions. Therefore, the recognition of the independent statehood of Bukhara immediately after the overthrow of the emir by the Bolsheviks and the Young Bukharans, and the establishment of the pro-Soviet regime, became particularly important. The problem of recognition affected a wide range of issues, including British positions in the East, its relations with individual countries of the region, primarily with Afghanistan, and the establishment of relations with Soviet Russia, which, on the one hand, showed its interest in promoting them, and on the other, engaged in anti-British activities in the East with an emphasis on India. The Afghan authorities, pursuing their own goals in Central Asia, persistently appealed to the British to recognize the independence of Bukhara, referring to the Soviet and Afghan examples. British diplomats reacted cautiously to all appeals, without losing sight of the Afghan plans and goals of London. Their final refusal to participate in the Bukhara chaos is caused, to a greater extent, by the lack of a real force on which the British could rely. Thus, the very idea of British recognition turned out to be unviable because of the nature of the puppet regime established in the BNSR, and because of the unwillingness of the British to aggravate their relations with Soviet Russia.

Challenges and Opportunities for Public Sector Administration in India

In this paper, we analyze the difficulties and potentials of India's governmental administration. In India, the government is in charge of providing everything from public protection and healthcare to public schools and hospitals. However, bureaucratic inefficiency, corruption, political interference, and inadequate facilities are just some of the problems plaguing India's public sector. These problems have made it harder for government agencies to provide essential services to the public and damaged citizens' faith in those agencies. On the other hand, there are many ways in which Indian public administration can improve public service delivery, increase accountability and openness, and boost the country's economy. Recent studies have shown that e-governance, human resource development, and public-private partnerships can help India's public sector management overcome some of its current problems. The public sector administration in India needs to take a holistic and coordinated strategy that includes reforms in governance, infrastructure, and human resources in order to meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities. The government must also establish conditions that invite involvement from the private sector, push for technological advancement, and reward public accountability. Sustained effort and commitment from all parties involved are necessary to effectively handle the challenges and opportunities facing public sector administration in India. These kinds of reforms are necessary if India's public sector is ever going to meet the requirements and fulfill the hopes of its constituents.

From the BBC’s Shadows? Fledgling AIR Finding Its Feet

This article focuses on the first twenty years of Indian radio, 1927 to 1947, coinciding with the last years of British rule in India. It deals with a nation straining towards independence, adopting BBC structures but resenting its overwhelming presence and attempting to move away. The pivotal role of John Reith and his BBC colleagues take prime spot. With their intervention, AIR adopted many BBC traditions. However, the ground reality in India led AIR down a different trajectory. The BBC, a corporation, was autonomous of government control; AIR on the other hand, was an integral arm of British Indian administration, the mouthpiece of colonialism. This is detectible in policy towards political topics. While the BBC was allowed editorial licence, in India strict censorship was in place, all political content disallowed. With the Empire Service, the BBC’s direct guidance switched to indirectly attempting to influence India through broadcasts. Areas of conflict soon developed due to direct broadcasts as well as AIR rebroadcasting BBC content. The BBC was charged with giving India inadequate coverage, highlighting only pro-British items and being insensitive towards her problems. The BBC’s grudge was that while the Dominions re-broadcast much of their programmes, the British controlled AIR did not.

Sports Event Management Benefits & Issue

The Asian Game, which was hosted in New Delhi in the 1950s, was the catalyst for the formation of sporting event administration in India. It was created with the goal of comprehending the rapid rise in sports event management in the Indian economy via constant and proper monitoring of sports and event management. This study investigates and presents a brief summary of some popular sports events in India, as well as how they are arranged. With reference to organisations whose core service is related to sports, sport management comprises any combination of principles related to planning, organising, directing, budgeting, advertising, leading, and evaluating (DeSensi, Kelley, Blanton, and Beitel, 2003). The most significant benefit of sports event management is the ability to plan, organise, and advertise the sporting event. Various sporting events, such as the Olympics Games and other similar events, have been emphasised, as well as a brief overview of the Indian Premier League (IPL) and the Pro Kabaddi League (PKL) and their growth prospects.

해외 조림사업 방향성 모색을 위한 인도의 A/R CDM 사업 현황분석 및 평가

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has been internationally implemented as a part of the Kyoto Mechanism to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG) for mitigating climate change. Although forest is considered as the only carbon sink and its significance has increased, the number of registered Afforestation/Reforestation (A/R) CDM projects has recently decreased. Also, the Paris agreement, the new regime of climate change, sets to outline Sustainable Development Mechanisms (SDMs) to substitute CDM including A/R CDM, but the rulebook does not finalize yet. Therefore, it is essential to review the status of registered A/R CDM projects to build a best practice model on forestry sectors before entering the new framework. This study would research A/R CDM projects implemented in India, which is the most active country to be interested in Afforestation and Reforestation. The used materials were 19 Project Design Documents for A/R CDM projects in India, including statistical and spatial data. Those documents were used to identify the status and analyze the environmental and socio-economic factors in the study area. As Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is important during project decision making process, the relationship between current CDM projects and SDGs, the other important framework to be achieved, used for the analysis. The major project areas were in Uttar Pradesh carried out by Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) from Indian administration. The climates of A/R CDM projects areas including Uttar Pradesh were mostly warm, dry, and well-drained, and the native plants were highly preferred. Unlike the other project areas, Uttar Pradesh was economically worse, which means that the area was highly related to SDG 2 and 15. This research could contribute to achieving SDGs by matching each goal with the environmental and socio-economic factors. Throughout the matching, host countries could select the suitable factors to achieve SDGs by implementing the A/R CDM projects. This study would suggest the framework which should be considered before implementing A/R CDM or other projects related to forestry sectors. As a result, it could be connected to respond to climate change, forest management, and GHG reduction ultimately.

AGRARIAN POLICES IN BRITISH PUNJAB

Agriculture is the spine of Indian financial system because the time immemorial. About 85% ofIndia's population engaged in agricultural practices, facing different types of ups and downs and changes with the passage of time. By 1833 C.E., various Parliamentary Acts brought the Indian administration under the complete control of the British Government. The Governor General had become the de facto ruler of India and Indian rule was under the supervision of the British Government.The British government was in dire need of Indian land tax to run various administrative expenses, the burden of which had to be borne directly or indirectly on Indian agriculture and farmers. Thus all the expenses (administrative, war, etc.) were borne bythe farmers in the form of land tax all over India including Punjab. The British Government had adopted policy of commercialization to make changes. It recommended marketplace oriented manufacturing of cash vegetation inclusive of opium, tea, espresso, sugar, jute and indigo. Peasants had been compelled to grow those coins vegetation that spoiled the fertility of the land and no other crop could be grown on it.In this paper, I will try to describe the agricultural policies adopted by the British Government towards Punjab, and main objective of their agricultural policies was to raise as much money as possible. For more benefit the British Government exploited farmers and peasants to the maximum, which will be find out through the study.

Noël DYCK, What is the Indian ’Problem’: Tutelage and Resistance in Canadian Indian Administration. Social and Economic Studies No. 46, Memorial University, St. John’s: Newfoundland, Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1991, 208 p.

Noël DYCK, What is the Indian ’Problem’: Tutelage and Resistance in Canadian Indian Administration. Social and Economic Studies No. 46, Memorial University, St. John’s: Newfoundland, Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1991, 208 p.

Healthcare Optimization, Medication Management and Preparedness in Retail Pharmacy Industry during the Covid-19 Pandemic in India

BODY: Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a health crisis,which has almost impacted every industry, causing steep inroadsinto the global economy, and the pharmaceutical industryis no exception. Retail pharmacists are the most approachableand immediate healthcare aid to the general public. Pharmacistscan implement guidance and best practices in responseto the rapidly changing COVID-19 pandemic to ensure patientand staff safety and the approaches pharmacy teams acrossthe country. Social distancing and lockdown measures taken bythe Indian government have been greatly affected by the retailpharmacy industry, leading to disruption in the supply chainof medicines and other precautionary equipment. Medicationmanagement, necessary safety equipment, and preparednessfor handling drug shortages are the focus points for the retailpharmacy industry in these times of the pandemic. As the retailpharmacy comes under essential services and is operatingcontinuously during the lockdown period, there is a need tohighlight and gauge the preparedness and preventive measuresundertaken by pharmacists in India during this medicalemergency.AIM: This research aims to analyze the retail pharmacy administrationin India towards essential medication, to check adherenceto key preventative measures and activities performed ininpatient counseling for self-management and safe dispensingof medicines in COVID-19 & lockdown period and the barriersfaced/concerns towards these measures.METHODOLOGY: This study is based on methods of quantitativeanalysis from retail pharmacies in India. The survey questionnairewas drafted on Google forms and sent to various retailpharmacy outlets. The data pertains to various medications’storage and consumption pattern, concerns over day-to-dayactivities in the pharmacy, and preventive measures implementedby pharmacists towards COVID-19 preparedness.RESULT: 167 pharmacists addressed the questionnaire acrossvarious regions of the country by different types of pharmacy:community pharmacy (66.5%), retail pharmacy section in a private(14.4%) and public hospital (11.4%), and clinical pharmacy(7.8%). The statements developed for the study are closely related,and a good Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.881 was achieved.One-way ANOVA testing determined that out of 12 statementson the preparedness of pharmacy, nine statements showed asignificant difference concerning the types of pharmacy implementingthe preventive measures.

Engendering Public Administration in India

Engendering Public Administration in India

Purpose-driven leadership and organizational success: a case of higher educational institutions

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationships between organizational purpose, leadership practices and sustainable outcomes for universities in emerging economies. We propose that a strong sense of purpose is a fundamental and defining feature in the leadership practices of these institutions, which ultimately contributes to their success.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present a research model that defines the relationships between a sense of purpose, leadership practices, student success outcomes, alumni involvement outcomes and societal reputation outcomes. Over 200 higher education administrators in India participated in the study.FindingsThe institutions' sense of purpose directly relates to their leadership engagement practices and their student success outcomes. Student success outcomes are a crucial linkage between leadership engagement practices and alumni involvement outcomes to achieve their societal reputation.Practical implicationsAs competitiveness intensifies, educational institutions under resource constraints must differentiate their organizational practices. This paper demonstrates how their core purpose and leadership actions result in achieving effective outcomes and overall sustainable societal reputation.Originality/valueThere is a significant difference between having an organizational purpose and enacting that purpose through their leadership practices. These results highlight the cascading effect from the institution's fundamental sense of purpose to their leadership practices and the positive outcomes of student success, alumni involvement and societal reputation.

India faces a challenge with its mass vaccination efforts

India faces a challenge with its mass vaccination efforts