Adjacent Fragments Research Articles

Enhanced Resolution of DNA Separation Using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Doped with Graphene Oxide.

In this work, a novel agarose gel electrophoresis strategy has been developed for separation of DNA fragments by doping graphene oxide (GO) into agarose gel. The results show that the addition of GO into agarose gel significantly improved the separation resolution of DNA fragments by increasing the shift distances of both the single DNA fragments and the adjacent DNA fragments and completely eliminating the background noise derived from the diffusion of the excessive ethidium bromide (EB) dye in the gel after electrophoresis. The improved resolution of DNA fragments in GO-doped agarose gel could be attributed to the successive adsorption-desorption processes between DNA fragments and GO sheets, while the elimination of the background noise could be attributed to the adsorption of the excessive EB dye on the surface of GO sheets and high fluorescence quenching efficiency of GO. These results provide promising potential for graphene and its derivate utilized in various electrophoresis techniques for separation and detection of DAN fragments and other biomolecules.

Investigation of the mechanical properties and failure modes of hybrid natural fiber composites for potential bone fracture fixation plates

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical feasibility of a hybrid Glass/Flax/Epoxy composite material for bone fracture fixation such as fracture plates. These hybrid composite plates have a sandwich structure in which the outer layers are made of Glass/Epoxy and the core from Flax/Epoxy. This configuration resulted in a unique structure compared to prior composites proposed for similar clinical applications. In order to evaluate the mechanical properties of this hybrid composite, uniaxial tension, compression, three-point bending and Rockwell Hardness tests were conducted. In addition, water absorption tests were performed to investigate the rate of water absorption for the specimens. This study confirms that the proposed hybrid composite plates are significantly more flexible axially compared to conventional metallic plates. Furthermore, they have considerably higher ultimate strength in tension, compression and flexion. Such high strength will ensure good stability of bone-implant construct at the fracture site, immobilize adjacent bone fragments and carry clinical-type forces experienced during daily normal activities. Moreover, this sandwich structure with stronger and stiffer face sheets and more flexible core can result in a higher stiffness and strength in bending compared to tension and compression. These qualities make the proposed hybrid composite an ideal candidate for the design of an optimized fracture fixation system with much closer mechanical properties to human cortical bone.

Deletion of loop fragment adjacent to active site diminishes the stability and activity of exo-inulinase

Inulinases are classified as hydrolases and widely used in the food and medical industries. Here, we report the deletion of a six-membered adjacent active site loop fragment (74YGSDVT79 sequence) from third Ω-loop of the exo-inulinase containing aspartate residue from Aspergillus niger to study its structural and functional importance. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to create the mutant of the exo-inulinase (ο6SL). To investigate the stability of the region spanning this loop, MD simulations were performed 80ns for 20-85 residues. Molecular docking was performed to compare the interactions in the active sites of enzymes with fructose as a ligand. Accordingly, the functional thermostability of the exo-inulinase was significantly decreased upon loop fragment deletion. Evaluation of the kinetics parameters (Vmax, Km, kcat and, kcat/Km) and activation energy (Ea) of the catalysis of enzymes indicated the importance of the deleted sequence on the catalytic performance of the enzyme. In conclusion, six-membered adjacent active site loop fragment not only plays a crucial role in the stability of the enzyme, but also it involves in the enzyme catalysis through lowering the activation energy of the catalysis and effective improving the catalytic performance.

Detrital zircon geochronology of quartzites from the southern Madurai Block, India: Implications for Gondwana reconstruction

Detrital zircons are important proxies for crustal provenance and have been widely used in tracing source characteristics and continental reconstructions. Southern Peninsular India constituted the central segment of the late Neoproterozoic supercontinent Gondwana and is composed of crustal blocks ranging in age from Mesoarchean to late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian. Here we investigate detrital zircon grains from a suite of quartzites accreted along the southern part of the Madurai Block. Our LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating reveals multiple populations of magmatic zircons, among which the oldest group ranges in age from Mesoarchean to Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2980–1670 Ma, with peaks at 2900–2800 Ma, 2700–2600 Ma, 2500–2300 Ma, 2100–2000 Ma). Zircons in two samples show magmatic zircons with dominantly Neoproterozoic (950–550 Ma) ages. The metamorphic zircons from the quartzites define ages in the range of 580–500 Ma, correlating with the timing of metamorphism reported from the adjacent Trivandrum Block as well as from other adjacent crustal fragments within the Gondwana assembly. The zircon trace element data are mostly characterized by LREE depletion and HREE enrichment, positive Ce, Sm anomalies and negative Eu, Pr, Nd anomalies. The Mesoarchean to Neoproterozoic age range and the contrasting petrogenetic features as indicated from zircon chemistry suggest that the detritus were sourced from multiple provenances involving a range of lithologies of varying ages. Since the exposed basement of the southern Madurai Block is largely composed of Neoproterozoic orthogneisses, the data presented in our study indicate derivation of the detritus from distal source regions implying an open ocean environment. Samples carrying exclusive Neoproterozoic detrital zircon population in the absence of older zircons suggest proximal sources in the southern Madurai Block. Our results suggest that a branch of the Mozambique ocean might have separated the southern Madurai Block to the north and the Nagercoil Block to the south, with the metasediments of the khondalite belt in Trivandrum Block marking the zone of ocean closure, part of which were accreted onto the southern Madurai Block during the collisional amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent in latest Neoproterozoic–Cambrian.

Influence of distance from adjacent forest fragments on aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) parasitoidism in wheat fields in Parana State, Brazil

In agricultural landscapes, non-crop habitats, such as forest fragments, may not only play an important role for natural enemies, but may also favor some pests. However, there is a lack of studies in Neotropical regions about these interactions. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate aphid parasitoidism at two distances (25 m and 525 m) from edges of forest fragments adjacent to wheat crops. This research was carried out in four wheat fields in the north of the Parana state, Brazil, during the planting season of 2009. In total, 8,392 aphids were counted, representing two species. There were 589 total aphid-parasitized (“mummies”), represented by six species. In all four areas, aphid abundance and parasitoidism showed no clear relationship to distance from forest fragments (25 m and 525 m). In addition, inverse density dependence between aphids and parasitoidism was observed. In summary, this study does not support the hypothesis of higher parasitoidism of aphids near edges of forest fragments. However, this is the first study in the Neotropical region and more research must be done to better understand this tritrophic interaction.

GROUPING METHOD OF IMAGE FRAGMENTS OF ADJACENT DISLOCATION ETCH PITS OF THE SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER

An increase in production volumes of gallium arsenide semiconductor devices determines the need for better control of dislocations of semiconductor wafer. The grouping method of image fragments of adjacent dislocation etch pits of the semiconductor wafer is proposed in the article. Adjacent fragments will be allocated in the pre-binarized image of wafer surface, which contains adjacent fragments of etch pits of dislocation loops after treatment by the described method. Improved methods for determining the loop line width determines the edge line width of etch pits of suspected dislocations, given the variability of their display in the binarized image. The current loop line width is compared to the reference line width of the dislocation loop. The grouping method of image fragments of adjacent dislocation etch pits of the semiconductor wafer defines recovery of loop lines branching, takes into account various options of line adjacency and determines the direction of further recovery of loop line of dislocation etch pits. A step by step description of the method is given.

Method of orthotransformation of space images in conditions of lack of cue

The paper introduces a method of prompt orthotransformation of space images, based on the integration of the orbital and polynomial methods of photogrammetric image processing. The concept of the method consists in fragmentary formation of an orthoimage. Fragments (quadrangles) of a definite size are marked in space images, so that geometric constraints between their elements are adequately described by a bidimensional polynom of the first order. The adjacent fragments have common vertexes on the contact line, providing integrity of the orthoimage being formed. The location of the fragment (the coordinates of its vertexes) is defined by the orbital method with consideration for the configuration of terrain, thus, if the fragment is small enough, it provides terrain correction for all the points of the fragment. To use the orbital method we define initial values of the orientation angles of the on-board equipment of the spaceship and the laws of variations of these angles in course of survey with subsequent specification of these values in terms of the coordinates of four check points. The compliance between tolerance points of fragments of the initial image and the image being formed is achieved on the basis of the models, the implementation of which is computationally less complex than that based on orbital methods. Experimental approbation of the proposed method proved that the method of prompt orthotransformation makes possible four-fold reduction of the time of photogrammetric space image processing while providing comparable accuracies of the resulting images.

Dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) persistence in Amazonian forest fragments and adjacent pastures: biogeographic implications for alpha and beta diversity

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of habitat loss and forest replacement by cattle pasture on the alpha and beta diversity, abundance, biomass and species composition of dung beetles with different dispersal ability. Dung beetles were captured in 19 forest fragments and neighbouring pastures. Forest fragment area ranged from 3.7 to 4825 ha and in this study were grouped into four categories: small, medium, large and control forest. A total of 35,048 dung beetles representing 101 species were collected. Forest fragments had the highest richness with 81 species, followed by pasture with 58 species. Replacement of forest by pasture reduced species richness; however, due to the proximity and connectivity of these areas with Cerrado patches, pastures also had high species richness, but species composition was independent of adjacent fragments. Small fragments had lower abundance and species richness than our other habitat categories, even pastures. Our results highlight that proximity and connectivity with Cerrado areas influenced the patterns of alpha and beta diversity of dung beetles in fragments and pastures. We highlight that the ability to cross the pasture matrix is a strong adaptive trait for species living in human-modified landscapes. Consequently, species with these abilities are less susceptible to the effects of forest fragmentation and local extinction. Our results reinforce the importance of considering the biogeographic location and distribution pattern of species in forest fragmentation studies.

U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircon in metasediments from Sri Lanka: Implications for the regional correlation of Gondwana fragments

Recent tectonic models of Sri Lankan basement suggest that the Highland Complex (HC), which is dominantly composed of metasedimentary rocks, forms part of an accretionary complex developed during Neoproterozoic subduction-collision tectonics between the Wanni and Vijayan Complexes. Here we present new U–Pb geochronological data on detrital zircon in metasediments from the HC and adjacent regions to investigate the source characteristics, deposition and regional correlations with similar rocks in adjacent Gondwana fragments. Cores of detrital zircon grains in twelve metasediment samples (quartzite, pelitic gneiss, leptynite, and metamorphosed banded iron formation) characterized by higher Th/U ratios indicating derivation from magmatic protoliths yield Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic ages (ca. 2700–1700Ma) with minor Paleoarchean (ca. 3500Ma), Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1200Ma), and Early to Middle Neoproterozoic (ca. 800–600Ma) components. The rims of most grains as well as homogeneous grains show Late Neoproterozoic ages (582–533Ma) with lower Th/U ratios that can be interpreted as metamorphic ages. Our results constrain the depositional age of the HC sediments to be Late Neoproterozoic (ca. 600–550Ma) based on the ages of the youngest detrital zircon grains and metamorphism. Although exposed Archean magmatic units are absent in Sri Lanka, several crustal blocks including the Dharwar Craton, Coorg Block, and Salem Block in the adjacent Gondwana fragment of India carry Archean (ca. 3400–2500Ma) basement, which we consider to be the major source for the Sri Lankan detrital zircons. The Paleoproterozoic zircons might have been derived from the Congo–Tanzania–Bangweulu Block in East Africa that includes Archean to Paleoproterozoic blocks (e.g., ca. ∼2700Ma Tanzania Craton; ca. 2300–1800Ma Usagaran–Ubendian belt). The Kibaran belt (ca. 1400–1000Ma) in the Congo–Tanzania–Bangweulu Block might have served as the source of minor Mesoproterozoic zircons. Early to Mid Neoproterozoic grains might have come from the adjacent Wanni, Vijayan, and Kadugannawa Complexes in Sri Lanka (ca. 1100–750Ma). The similarity in detrital age spectra of the metasediments in the HC and those of the northern Madurai Block in southern India suggests that they could have similar provenances (Archean cratons in India and/or East Africa). Similar age distributions of detrital zircon cores reported from the Itremo Group (central Madagascar) indicate that the metasedimentary terranes in central Madagascar, southern India, and Sri Lanka could have been juxtaposed, and with sediment source including those in the East African cratons. Similar magmatic features in central Madagascar, southern India, Sri Lanka, and eastern Antarctica also suggest a series of volcanic arcs developed through a complex subduction-accretion process in these regions before the final amalgamation of Gondwana.

Behavior and Ecology of the White-Footed Tamarin (Saguinus Leucopus) in a Fragmented Landscape of Colombia: Small Bodied Primates and Seed Dispersal in Neotropical Forests

Tamarins are small-bodied Neotropical primates that mainly feed on ripe fruits and insects, and supplement their diet with plant exudates, nectar, fungi and vertebrate prey. They are important seed dispersers in Neotropical forests as they are able to disperse a large number of small and medium-sized seeds from parental trees. In this paper, we describe the diet of the white-footed tamarin ( Saguinus leucopus) and its role as seed disperser in a fragmented landscape in Colombia. During a twelve month period, we collected data on activity patterns, ranging behavior and feeding ecology, as well as on habitat-wide forest productivity. S. leucopus fed from >95 plant species and spent 17% of their time feeding. We found a positive relationship between fruit consumption and ripe-fruit availability. Dietary diversity increased during periods of fruit scarcity, when the tamarins fed more on insects and exudates. During periods of fruit scarcity, they relied more heavily on the borders of forest fragments and made occasional incursions into adjacent fragments across a matrix of pastures. They used larger areas and had larger overlapping home ranges during periods of fruit scarcity. We recovered at least 44 species of seeds effectively dispersed by tamarins, including small and medium-sized seeds (range <1–26 mm). Seeds were dispersed up to 500m from parent trees across a wide diversity of habitat types. This study provides further evidence on the important role small-bodied frugivorous primates play in the recovery of forest connectivity and in the maintenance of tropical forest diversity in human-impacted landscapes.

Cellular immune responses induced in vitro by Ehrlichia ruminantium secreted proteins and identification of vaccine candidate peptides.

Secreted proteins are reported to induce cell-mediated immunity characterised by the production of interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ. In this study three open reading frames (ORFs) (Erum8060, Erum7760, Erum5000) encoding secreted proteins were selected from the Ehrlichia ruminantium (Welgevonden) genome sequence using bioinformatics tools to determine whether they induce a cellular immune response in vitro with mononuclear cells from needle and tick infected animals. The whole recombinant protein of the three ORFs as well as four adjacent fragments of the Erum5000 protein (Erum5000A, Erum5000B, Erum5000C, Erum5000D) were successfully expressed in a bacterial expression system which was confirmed by immunoblots using anti-His antibodies and sheep sera. These recombinant proteins were assayed with immune sheep and cattle peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), spleen and lymph node (LN) cells to determine whether they induce recall cellular immune responses in vitro. Significant proliferative responses and IFN-γ production were evident for all recombinant proteins, especially Erum5000A, in both ruminant species tested. Thus overlapping peptides spanning Erum5000A were synthesised and peptides that induce proliferation of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and production of IFN-γ were identified. These results illustrate that a Th1 type immune response was elicited and these recombinant proteins and peptides may therefore be promising candidates for development of a heartwater vaccine.

Participation in a city food security program may be linked to higher ant alpha- and beta-diversity: an exploratory case from Belo Horizonte, Brazil

ABSTRACTThis article reports the results of a case study examining the connections between municipal food security policy and biodiversity in the region of Belo Horizonte, a populous city in the heavily fragmented Brazilian cerrado (savannah)/Atlantic forest transition region. Belo Horizonte, through its Secretariat of Food and Nutrition Security (SMASAN), has generated increased food security in the city, in part by economically supporting local small farmers. Farmers’ economic security has been previously linked to their agricultural practices and sustainability; thus, SMASAN’s programs potentially affect biodiversity in the region’s agricultural matrix and rainforest fragments through their work with farmers. In order to examine this dynamic, we compared ground-foraging ant diversity on four SMASAN and three non-SMASAN farms and adjoining forest fragments. Supported by data from farmer interviews, sampling in 2005 and 2006 indicated SMASAN farms had: a) higher alpha and beta diversity and b) potentially greater overlap between species found on-farm and in adjacent forest fragments. This case study may be the first directly linking biodiversity conservation with food security and changes in local food policy institutions, emphasizing the importance of an approach integrating politics and ecology, and the potential for human wellbeing and conservation to go hand-in-hand.

Crystal structures of the polymer copper(II) complexes with acylhydrazones of bromosalicylaldehyde derivatives

Polymer copper(II) complexes with 5-bromosalicylaldehyde heptanoylhydrazone (I) and 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde acetylhydrazone (II) are synthesized and structurally characterized. In complex I, the formation of the polymer is due to the coordination of the hydrazide nitrogen atom to the copper(II) ion of the adjacent fragment. In complex II, polymer formation is due to the binding of the monomer fragments by dipyridyl linkers (CIF files CCDC 947908 (I) and 947909 (II)).

Synthesis, characterization, and curing behavior of carborane‐containing benzoxazine resins with excellent thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability

ABSTRACTTwo benzoxazine precursors bearing carborane moiety (1 and 2) were designed and synthesized successfully by the Mannich reaction of corresponding carborane bisphenol (3 and 4) with aniline and formaldehyde in 1,4‐dioxane. The obtained precursors were characterized by using multiple spectroscopic techniques including GPC, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 11B NMR. Nonisothermal DSC studies showed that precursor 1 owned lower apparent activation energies (Ea) than 2. The optimum curing processes of benzoxazine precursors were also obtained on the basis of DSC data. TGA analyses manifested that the incorporation of carborane moiety endowed the obtained benzoxazine resins (cured 1 and 2) with excellent thermal stability and unique thermo‐oxidative stability. The Td data showed that the initial degradation of both cured 1 and 2 under nitrogen and air was postponed to some extent owing to the shielding effect of carborane moiety on adjacent organic fragments. At higher temperature three‐dimensional polymer networks with B‐O‐B and B–C linkages were formed as chars by the reaction of carborane cage with atmospheric moisture, degradation products such as phenolic hydroxyl, and oxygen (under air). Under nitrogen this network hindered the motion of radicals formed at elevated temperature and thus inhibited further polymer degradation processes. While under air, the formed boron‐rich networks could hardly be further oxidized into carbon dioxide so that the carborane‐containing benzoxazine resins also showed very high char yields. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43488.

Diversidad de escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) en un remanente ribereño y un fragmento de bosque húmedo tropical en Córdoba, Colombia

The expansion of the agricultural frontier produces fragmented landscapes, habitat decline and loss of diversity. In these landscapes, remnants of riparian vegetation are important elements to maintain biodiversity. We tested the hypothesis that a riparian remnant keeps similar values of dung beetles diversity, compared with a rainforest fragment. Therefore, we expected to find similar values of diversity between the riparian remnant and the adjacent rainforest fragment. The study was carried out in an area of the buffer zone of Natural Paramillo National Park of Cordoba, Colombia. A linear transect including 15 pitfall traps (30 m apart from each) was established at each sampling sites between April and May 2011. We collected 575 specimens, which were distributed among 26 species. The results show a community of dung beetles more equitable and diverse inside remnant forest riparian compared to forest fragment. The forest fragment was dominated by a species Canthon sp.01H that concentrated about 40% of the individuals captured, while in the remnant riparian forest three species were co-dominant Canthon sp.01H, S. moniliatus and Canthidium sp.02H. Beta diversity was <1.4 (maximum beta = 2.0). However, the biggest difference in the assemblies is presented in dominant species in each habitat. Results highlight the importance of riparian vegetation to the diversity of dung beetles to keep particular assemblages differing of the forest fragment mainly in dominant species. The remnant riparian forest was also important to present values of diversity that duplicate the forest fragment diversity and conserves some different species, contributing to the diversity of this landscape. However, this result should be taken with caution due to the particular condition of our study system that involved a comparison between a single fragment and a single riparian remnant. Future studies are needed for further generalization.

UHT granulites of the Highland Complex, Sri Lanka II: Geochronological constraints and implications for Gondwana correlation

The regional ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) metamorphism of the Highland Complex, Sri Lanka is well established and has an important role in our understanding of the tectonic history of the Gondwana supercontinent. U-Pb zircon dating of sapphirine-bearing Mg-Al granulites yielded two major metamorphic age populations at approximately 620-590 and 563-525 Ma with no evidence of older zircon cores. Pelitic granulite samples with a Grt-Sil-Spl-Crd assemblage have similar metamorphic ages with concordant data clusters at similar to 602, 563, and 526 Ma and inherited zircon cores aged from 2040 to 1600 Ma. The pelitic granulites also underwent two stages of metamorphism (565-520 and 622-580 Ma). Some of these pelitic granulite samples have inherited zircon cores ranging from 3060 to 760 Ma. Zircons in mafic granulite samples have age ranges of 566-533 and 620578 Ma. A calc-silicate granulite sample also has similar age populations at 591, 541, and 524 Ma. Combining these new results with previously published ages from Sri Lanka and formerly adjacent continental fragments of Gondwana, we propose that the terranes in southern Madagascar (south of Ranotsara Shear Zone), Northern and Southern Madurai and the Trivandrum Blocks of southern India, the Highland Complex of Sri Lanka, and the Skallen Group in the Lutzow-Holm Complex of East Antarctica represent a unique metamorphic belt that regionally experienced the Ediacaran-Cambrian UHT event during the amalgamation of the Gondwana super-continent.

Synthesis and coordination ability of a partially silicon based crown ether

The first hybrid crown ether with two adjacent disilane fragments was synthesized through reaction of O(Si2Me4Cl)2 (3) with O(C2H4OH)2. By means of DFT calculations, the complexation ability of 1,2,4,5-tetrasila[12]crown-4 (7) towards Li+ was determined to be considerably higher compared to [12]crown-4.

Circular Permutation Probes for Illuminating Phosphorylation of Estrogen Receptor.

The present protocol demonstrates a new strategy for imaging ligand-triggered protein phosphorylation using circularly permutated luciferases (cpLuc): (1) a luciferase is first fragmented into two segments for creating new N- and C-terminal ends in the hydrophilic region, (2) the original N- and C-terminal ends are circularly permutated and linked via a GS linker, whereas the new ends made by fragmentation are correspondingly linked with two proteins of interest. When the new ends of the cpLuc are linked with the ligand-binding domain of estrogen receptor (ER LBD) and Src homology two domain of Src (SH2), the estrogen can trigger phosphorylation of the ER LBD and consequent intramolecular ER LBD-SH2 binding. This interaction triggers an approximation of the adjacent fragments of split-cpLuc recovering the enzyme activity. This probe design greatly improves signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios upon tracing weak protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in mammalian cells.

Quantifying pest control services by birds and ants in Kenyan coffee farms

Ecosystem services, such as pest control and pollination, are critical benefits of biodiversity important for agricultural production. Predators, including insectivorous birds and ants, can provide important biological controls in agroecosystems, boosting crop yield and offsetting the need for expensive inputs such as pesticides. Local habitat and landscape characteristics can affect the delivery of ecosystem services, thereby influencing optimal land allocation for crop production and biodiversity. In order to better understand the relationship between ecosystem services and the surrounding habitat, we conducted a sentinel pest experiment to investigate predation levels in response to a novel pest on coffee farms in central Kenya. The frequency of predation decreased significantly with increasing distance from adjacent forest fragments and was correlated with bird species richness. Predation was also significantly higher on shade compared to sun coffee farms. We conclude that a land sharing approach, via both the integration of shade trees and the conservation of small forest fragments within or adjacent to a farm, can support increased levels of pest control services provided by birds and ants in Kenyan coffee farms.

Markedly Divergent Tree Assemblage Responses to Tropical Forest Loss and Fragmentation across a Strong Seasonality Gradient.

We examine the effects of forest fragmentation on the structure and composition of tree assemblages within three seasonal and aseasonal forest types of southern Brazil, including evergreen, Araucaria, and deciduous forests. We sampled three southernmost Atlantic Forest landscapes, including the largest continuous forest protected areas within each forest type. Tree assemblages in each forest type were sampled within 10 plots of 0.1 ha in both continuous forests and 10 adjacent forest fragments. All trees within each plot were assigned to trait categories describing their regeneration strategy, vertical stratification, seed-dispersal mode, seed size, and wood density. We detected differences among both forest types and landscape contexts in terms of overall tree species richness, and the density and species richness of different functional groups in terms of regeneration strategy, seed dispersal mode and woody density. Overall, evergreen forest fragments exhibited the largest deviations from continuous forest plots in assemblage structure. Evergreen, Araucaria and deciduous forests diverge in the functional composition of tree floras, particularly in relation to regeneration strategy and stress tolerance. By supporting a more diversified light-demanding and stress-tolerant flora with reduced richness and abundance of shade-tolerant, old-growth species, both deciduous and Araucaria forest tree assemblages are more intrinsically resilient to contemporary human-disturbances, including fragmentation-induced edge effects, in terms of species erosion and functional shifts. We suggest that these intrinsic differences in the direction and magnitude of responses to changes in landscape structure between forest types should guide a wide range of conservation strategies in restoring fragmented tropical forest landscapes worldwide.