Adjacent Complex Research Articles

Direct suction decompression and fenestrated clip reconstruction of complex paraclinoid carotid artery aneurysm: operative video and nuances of skull base technique.

Direct microsurgical clipping of complex paraclinoid carotid artery aneuryms remains a formidable technical challenge due to the auneurysm's deep location at the skull base, with adjacent bony anatomy, large size, wide neck, and complex neuroanatomical relationships. In this operative video atlas manuscript, the author demonstrates a step-by-step technique for microsurgical clip reconstruction of a large complex ventral paraclinoid carotid artery aneurysm, using a trapping and direct suction decompression strategy followed by multiple fenestrated clip reconstruction of the internal carotid artery (ICA) via a modified orbitozygomatic approach. The nuances of skull base techniques are illustrated including extradural optic nerve decompression, extradural anterior clinoidectomy, incision of the falciform ligament to untether the optic nerve, and release of the distal durai ring to obtain proximal control. Reconstruction of the ICA and preservation of the anterior choroidal artery were achieved with multiple fenestrated clips. Aneurysm obliteration and patency of flow through the ICA was confirmed on video indocyanine green and catheter angiography. Although novel endovascular strategies continue to evolve, these microsurgical skull base techniques should remain in the surgical armamentarium for treating these complex cranial base vascular lesions. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/IPS6lslk1ds.

Lower Leg Injury Reference Values and Risk Curves from Survival Analysis for Male and Female Dummies: Meta-analysis of Postmortem Human Subject Tests

Objective: Derive lower leg injury risk functions using survival analysis and determine injury reference values (IRV) applicable to human mid-size male and small-size female anthropometries by conducting a meta-analysis of experimental data from different studies under axial impact loading to the foot–ankle–leg complex.Methods: Specimen-specific dynamic peak force, age, total body mass, and injury data were obtained from tests conducted by applying the external load to the dorsal surface of the foot of postmortem human subject (PMHS) foot–ankle–leg preparations. Calcaneus and/or tibia injuries, alone or in combination and with/without involvement of adjacent articular complexes, were included in the injury group. Injury and noninjury tests were included. Maximum axial loads recorded by a load cell attached to the proximal end of the preparation were used. Data were analyzed by treating force as the primary variable. Age was considered as the covariate. Data were censored based on the number of tests conducted on each specimen and whether it remained intact or sustained injury; that is, right, left, and interval censoring. The best fits from different distributions were based on the Akaike information criterion; mean and plus and minus 95% confidence intervals were obtained; and normalized confidence interval sizes (quality indices) were determined at 5, 10, 25, and 50% risk levels. The normalization was based on the mean curve. Using human-equivalent age as 45 years, data were normalized and risk curves were developed for the 50th and 5th percentile human size of the dummies.Results: Out of the available 114 tests (76 fracture and 38 no injury) from 5 groups of experiments, survival analysis was carried out using 3 groups consisting of 62 tests (35 fracture and 27 no injury). Peak forces associated with 4 specific risk levels at 25, 45, and 65 years of age are given along with probability curves (mean and plus and minus 95% confidence intervals) for PMHS and normalized data applicable to male and female dummies. Quality indices increased (less tightness-of-fit) with decreasing age and risk level for all age groups and these data are given for all chosen risk levels.Conclusions: These PMHS-based probability distributions at different ages using information from different groups of researchers constituting the largest body of data can be used as human tolerances to lower leg injury from axial loading. Decreasing quality indices (increasing index value) at lower probabilities suggest the need for additional tests. The anthropometry-specific mid-size male and small-size female mean human risk curves along with plus and minus 95% confidence intervals from survival analysis and associated IRV data can be used as a first step in studies aimed at advancing occupant safety in automotive and other environments.

Regulation of Hepatitis C Virus Genome Replication by Xrn1 and MicroRNA-122 Binding to Individual Sites in the 5' Untranslated Region.

miR-122 is a liver-specific microRNA (miRNA) that binds to two sites (S1 and S2) on the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome and promotes the viral life cycle. It positively affects viral RNA stability, translation, and replication, but the mechanism is not well understood. To unravel the roles of miR-122 binding at each site alone or in combination, we employed miR-122 binding site mutant viral RNAs, Hep3B cells (which lack detectable miR-122), and complementation with wild-type miR-122, an miR-122 with the matching mutation, or both. We found that miR-122 binding at either site alone increased replication equally, while binding at both sites had a cooperative effect. Xrn1 depletion rescued miR-122-unbound full-length RNA replication to detectable levels but not to miR-122-bound levels, confirming that miR-122 protects HCV RNA from Xrn1, a cytoplasmic 5'-to-3' exoribonuclease, but also has additional functions. In cells depleted of Xrn1, replication levels of S1-bound HCV RNA were slightly higher than S2-bound RNA levels, suggesting that both sites contribute, but their contributions may be unequal when the need for protection from Xrn1 is reduced. miR-122 binding at S1 or S2 also increased translation equally, but the effect was abolished by Xrn1 knockdown, suggesting that the influence of miR-122 on HCV translation reflects protection from Xrn1 degradation. Our results show that occupation of each miR-122 binding site contributes equally and cooperatively to HCV replication but suggest somewhat unequal contributions of each site to Xrn1 protection and additional functions of miR-122. The functions of miR-122 in the promotion of the HCV life cycle are not fully understood. Here, we show that binding of miR-122 to each of the two binding sites in the HCV 5' UTR contributes equally to HCV replication and that binding to both sites can function cooperatively. This suggests that active Ago2-miR-122 complexes assemble at each site and can cooperatively promote the association and/or function of adjacent complexes, similar to what has been proposed for translation suppression by adjacent miRNA binding sites. We also confirm a role for miR-122 in protection from Xrn1 and provide evidence that miR-122 has additional functions in the HCV life cycle unrelated to Xrn1. Finally, we show that each binding site may contribute unequally to Xrn1 protection and other miR-122 functions.

Correlation of Lithuanian Maritime Pleistocene tills based on their mineralogy

The previous studies of Pleistocene deposit in the Lithuanian Maritime Region (LMR) show the difficulty of its stratigraphical subdivision and correlation of sediment beds. Due to scarcity of biostratigrafical and absolute dating results, the variety of litostratigraphical criterions such as till petrography, geochemistry or even well rounded hornblende grain amount and other physical or visual characteristics used for litostratigraphy and correlation of tills did not give effective results. The article provides correlation of Pleistocene deposits based on mineralogical composition of the sandy fraction of tills from one geological profile located along the Lithuanian Baltic Sea coast using the multivariate statistics. The mineralogical data from six boreholes were statistically analysed and lithostratigraphical interpretation was made. Data analysis displayed that the till complexes have different amount of minerals from statistically derived mineral associations. It allowed distinguishing of six till complexes characterized by distinct mineralogical composition. These differences are clearly visible in the results of the statistical comparative analysis of the mineral composition of adjacent tills complexes. The stratigraphical identification of distinguished till complexes is based on its occurrence, inter-till deposit absolute dating and interglacial sediment palaeobotanical results.

Crystal structure of {(but-3-en-1-yl)bis-[(pyridin-2-yl)meth-yl]amine-κ(3) N,N',N''}di-chlorido-copper(II) diethyl ether hemisolvate.

The five-coordinate Cu(II) atom in the title complex [CuCl2(C16H19N3)]·0.5C4H10O, adopts a near-ideal square-pyramidal geometry (τ-5 = 0.01). The apical Cu-Cl distance is 0.2626 (6) Å longer than the basal Cu-Cl distance. Weak C-H⋯Cl interactions between pyridine rings and the Cl atoms of adjacent complex molecules are present. The solvent molecule, located on a twofold rotation axis, is situated in the voids of this arrangement. Copper atoms coordinated by tridentate nitro-gen-containing ligands have been found to be excellent promoters of Atom Transfer Radical Addition (ATRA) reactions.

CONSTRAINTS ON THE SURFACE MAGNETIC FIELDS AND AGE OF A COOL HYPERGIANT:XMM-NEWTONX-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF VY CMa

The complex circumstellar ejecta of highly evolved, cool hypergiants are indicative of multiple, asymmetric mass loss events. To explore whether such episodic, non-isotropic mass loss may be driven by surface magnetic activity, we have observed the archetypical cool hypergiant VY CMa with the XMM-Newton X-ray satellite observatory. The hypergiant itself is not detected in these observations. From the upper limit on the X-ray flux from VY CMa at the time of our observations ($F_{X,UL}~\approx~8\times10^{-14} {\rm~erg~cm}^{-2} {\rm~s}^{-1}$, corresponding to $\log~L_X/L_{bol}\leq-8$), we estimate an average surface magnetic field strength $fB \leq 2\times10^{-3}$~G (where $f$ is the filling factor of magnetically active surface regions). These X-ray results for VY CMa represent the most stringent constraints to date on the magnetic field strength near the surface of a hypergiant. VY CMa's mass loss is episodic and may have been in a state of low surface magnetic activity during the XMM observations. The XMM observations also yield detections of more than 100 X-ray sources within $\sim$15$^{\prime}$ of VY CMa, roughly 50 of which have near-infrared counterparts. Analysis of X-ray hardness ratios and IR colors indicates that some of these field sources may be young, late-type stars associated with VY CMa, its adjacent molecular cloud complex, and the young cluster NGC 2362. Further study of the VY CMa field is warranted, given the potential to ascertain the evolutionary timescale of this enigmatic, massive star.

Finite element analysis of uncommonly large renal arteriovenous malformation—Adjacent renal cyst complex

BackgroundRenal arteriovenous malformation (RAVM) represents abnormal communication between the intrarenal arterial and venous system. The purpose of this study was to investigate hemodynamics and biomechanics quantities which may influence the instability of RAVM and imply clinical complications. MethodsA detailed 3D reconstruction of RAVM was obtained from the patient CT scans, aortic inlet flow was measured by color-flow Doppler ultrasound, while material characteristics were adopted from the literature. A numerical finite element analysis (FEA) of the blood flow was performed by solving the governing equations for the viscous incompressible flow. The physical quantities calculated at the systolic and diastolic peak moment were velocity, pressure, shear stress and drag forces. ResultsWe reported a case of a 50-year-old patient with a large RAVM and adjacent renal cyst, who unsuccessfully underwent two attempts of embolization that resulted in the consequent nephrectomy. FEA showed that the cyst had a very low pressure intensity and velocity field (with unstable flow in diastolic peak). For both systolic and diastolic moments, increased values of wall shear stress were found on the places with intensive wall calcification. Unusually high values of drag force which would likely explain the presence of pressure in the cystic formation were found on the infero-medial side where the cyst wall was the thinnest and where the flow streamlines converged. ConclusionsFEA showed that the hemodynamics of the cyst-RAVM complex was unstable making it prone to rupture. Clinically established diagnosis of imminent rupture together with unfavorable hemodynamics of the lesion consequently made additional attempts of embolization risky and unsuccessful leading to total nephrectomy.

Crystal structure of (pyridine-κN)bis(quinolin-2-olato-κ(2) N,O)copper(II) monohydrate.

The title complex, [Cu(C9H6NO)2(C5H4N)]·H2O, adopts a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry in which the axial pyridine ligand exhibits a long Cu—N bond of 2.305 (3) Å. The pyridine ligand forms dihedral angles of 79.5 (5) and 88.0 (1)° with the planes of the two quinolin-2-olate ligands, while the dihedral angle between the quinoline groups of 9.0 (3)° indicates near planarity. The water mol­ecule connects adjacent copper complexes through O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to phenolate O atoms, forming a network inter­connecting all the complexes in the crystal lattice.

Structure Studies on Order Assemblage of Cadmium<sup>II</sup> Isophthalicacid Benzimidazole Complexes

The CadmiumII Isophthalicacid Benzimidazole complex [Cd2(C8H4O4)2 (C7H6N2)4(H2O)3], Triqua-bis (isophthalicacidato-O,O')-tetra (benzimidazole) bis (CadmiumII),the CdII atom is coordinated by two isophthalicacid anions and two benzimidazole and one water molecule in a distorted octahedral configuration with six-coordinations geometry. And one isophthalicacid ligand chelates to the CdII atom through its one carboxylic O atoms, but the other isophthalicacid ligand chelates to the CdII atom through its two carboxylic O atoms. The same as another CdII atom. So we get a Binuclear CdII metal complexe. The fact clearly suggests not so much significant contribution from the electrostatic interaction in the Cd-O bonding in bidentate Binuclear CdII metal complexes as we gotten in mononuclear MnII metal complexes. Adjacent complex link to each other via hydrogen bonds forming the three-dimensional supramolecular structure.

Acetylcarbamide complexes of some lanthanide bromides and chlorides: Syntheses and structures

Syntheses, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out for acetylcarbamide (AcUr) and new complexes La(AcUr)2(H2O)5]Br3 (I), [Pr(AcUr)2(H2O)5]Br3 (II), [Nd(AcUr)2(H2O)5]Cl3 (III), and [Sm(AcUr)2(H2O)5]Cl3 (IV) (CIF files CCDC 992841 (AcUr), 992842 (I), 992844 (II), 992843 (III), and 992845 (IV)). The crystals of compounds I–IV contain complex cations [Ln(AcUr)2(H2O)5]3+ (coordination number of lanthanum is 9) and uncoordinated halide ions. The coordination polyhedron in the cases of compounds I and IV is a one-capped tetragonal antiprism, and it is a three-capped trigonal prism in the cases of compounds II and III. Molecules AcUr are coordinated to the Ln atoms via the bidentate mode through the oxygen atoms. They are transformed from the initial cis-trans conformation to the trans-trans conformation, which is due to the rotation of the -C(O)-NH2 fragment around the nitrogen atom of the imino group. The angles between the O(1)C(1)N(3) and O(2)C(4)N(3) planes in the coordinated AcUr molecules are different, which can be due to the electronic structure of the central atom and spatial characteristics of the complexes. The coordinated AcUr molecules are joined to the halide ions and water molecules of the adjacent complex cations by hydrogen bonds.

Meandering bed development time: Formulation and related experimental testing

This paper concerns the prediction of the bed development time of alluvial meandering streams. It is assumed that the stream centreline follows a sine-generated curve; the banks are rigid; the flow is turbulent and subcritical; and the width-to-depth ratio is “large”. The bed is flat at the beginning of an “experiment”. The bed development consists of the formation of large-scale, laterally adjacent pool-bar complexes strictly induced by the stream curvature. The paper is to be viewed as an extension of previous work by the writers, who have introduced an equation for the aforementioned bed development time, albeit with a proportionality factor that remains a not yet known function of the stream initial deflection angle. The objective of this paper is to reveal this function, and thus bring the equation for the bed development time into a form suitable for practical applications. This is achieved on the basis of a series of experiments carried out by the writers in three sine-generated meandering streams of varying sinuosity, as well as data from the literature. The paper concludes with examples of application of the resulting equation to real rivers.

Structure Studies on Order Assemblage of Manganese<sup> II</sup> Isovanillin Complexes

The ManganeseII Isovanillin complex [Mn2(C8H7O3)4(H2O)2], Diaqua-tetra (isovanillinato-O,O')-bis (manganeseII),the MnII atom is coordinated by three isovanillinate anions and one water molecule in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with five-coordinations geometry. And one isovanillinate ligand chelates to the MnII atom through its methyl and hydroxy O atoms, the other two isovanillinate ligand chelates to the MnII atom only through its hydroxy O atoms. The same as another MnII atom. So we get a Binuclear MnII metal complexe. The fact clearly suggests not so much significant contribution from the electrostatic interaction in the Mn-O bonding in Binuclear MnII metal complexes as we gotten in mononuclear MnII metal complexes. Adjacent complex link to each other via hydrogen bonds forming the three-dimensional supramolecular structure.

Synthesis and Characterization of Ir and Rh Complexes Supported on Layered K4Nb6O17 as a Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for Visible-Light-Induced Hydrogen Evolution

Abstract Immobilization of photosensitizer cyclometalated iridium(III) ([Ir(ppy)2(bpy)]+) and proton reduction catalyst tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)rhodium(III) ([Rh(bpy)3]3+) complexes onto layered niobate (K4Nb6O17) has been achieved with the aim of developing a photocatalyst for H2 production under visible light irradiation. Ir LIII-edge and Rh K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements suggest that the Ir and Rh complexes are easily immobilized with little effect on the surrounding ligand structure. The photoluminescence emission of the immobilized Ir complex near 550 nm decreases with increasing amounts of adjacent Rh complex, suggesting direct electron transfer from Ir to Rh. The Ir–Rh/K4Nb6O17 acts as a heterogeneous photocatalyst enabling both visible light sensitization and H2 production from an aqueous solution without an electron relay reagent. Leaching and agglomeration of the active metal complexes are not observed after catalytic reactions, and the recovered photocatalyst can be repeatedly recycled without deterioration in its catalytic activity. Moreover, use of exfoliated K4Nb6O17 nanosheets is proven to significantly enhance photocatalytic activity.

One-pot synthesis, crystal structure, and fluorescence property of a cadmium(II) complex based on mono salicylaldehyde Schiff base ligand

A new cadmium(II) complex [Cd(NO2-Salen)2] containing Schiff base ligand (NO2-Salen = N-mono-5-nitro-salicylideneamino ethanato) has been prepared through facile condensation reaction of sub-stituted salicylaldehyde with ethylene-diamine and has been structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and X-ray diffraction. It is formulated as C18H20CdN6O6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group of Pccn. The ligand of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde-ethylene-diamine exhibits unusual mono asymmetry tridentate mode. The Cd2+ ion has a coordination number of six and assumes a distorted octahedral geometry. It exhibits an offset π-π stacking interaction between the substituted benzene ligands of adjacent mononuclear complexes. The neutral monomeric units of [Cd(NO2-Salen)2] are linked into a one-dimensional (1D) array via the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. The complex exhibits strong emission in visible region with the maximum wavelength of 428 nm, which is tentatively assigned to the π → π* intraligand fluorescence.

(η(6)-Benzene)(carbonato-κ(2) O,O')[di-cyclohex-yl(naphthalen-1-ylmeth-yl)phosphane-κP]ruthenium(II) chloro-form tris-olvate.

The title compound, [Ru(CO3)(η6-C6H6){(C6H11)2P(CH2C10H7)}]·3CHCl3, was synthesized by carbonation of [RuCl2(η6-C6H6){(C6H11)2P(CH2C10H7)}] with NaHCO3 in methanol at room temperature. The RuII atom is surrounded by a benzene ligand, a chelating carbonate group and a phosphane ligand in a piano-stool configuration. The crystal packing is consolidated by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between adjacent metal complexes and between the complexes and the solvent mol­ecules. The asymmetric unit contains one metal complex and three chloro­form solvent mol­ecules of which only one was modelled. The estimated diffraction contributions of the other two strongly disordered chloro­form solvent mol­ecules were substracted from the observed diffraction data using the SQUEEZE procedure in PLATON [Spek (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. D65, 148–155].

Novel pseudohalide-bridged Cu(II) complexes with a hydrazone ligand: Evaluation of antimicrobial activity

Two novel Cu(II) complexes with the ligand pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 4-hydroxy benzoyl hydrazone ligand (HL) have been successfully prepared and their crystalline structures are reported. These pseudohalide-bridged copper(II) complexes [{Cu(L)(μ1,1-N3)}2] (1) and {Cu(L)(NCS)(MeOH)} (2) were characterised by elemental analysis, IR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Their solid-state structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis which revealed that 1 is a μ1,1-N3-bridged dimer, whereas 2 is a mononuclear based structure. Supramolecular interactions involving the adjacent complexes were investigated in detail. The efficiency of the ligand and the two complexes was evaluated against the bacteria Entrobacter facealis, Staphytococcus aureus, Entrobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis, with the complexes demonstrating enhanced activity relatively to the free ligand.

Syntheses, structures and properties of three Keggin-based metal–organic complexes derived from flexible bis-pyridyl-bis-amide and rigid phenanthroline mixed ligands

Three Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM)-based metal–organic complexes (MOCs) constructed from mixed ligands of phenanthroline (phen) and flexible bis-pyridyl-bis-amide ligands with different spacer length: [Cu2(SiW12O40)L1(phen)2(H2O)]·3H2O (1), [Cu2(SiW12O40)L2(phen)2(H2O)4] (2) and [Cu2(SiW12O40)L3(phen)2(H2O)4]·6H2O (3) (L1=N,N′-bis(3-pyridinecarboxamide)-1,2-ethane, L2=N,N′-bis(3-pyridinecarboxamide)-1,4-butane, L3=N,N′-bis(3-pyridinecarboxamide)-1,6-hexane), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric (TG) analyses, IR spectra and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analyses. Complex 1 exhibits a 2D network, in which [SiW12O40]4− (SiW12) anions act as tetradentate linkages. Complex 2 is a 0D structure containing a dinuclear complex cation [Cu2L2(phen)2(H2O)4]4+ and a discrete SiW12 anion. Complex 3 shows a 1D chain structure, in which the SiW12 anions as bidentate linkages bridge the adjacent complex cations [Cu2L3(phen)2(H2O)4]4+. The spacer lengths of the bis-pyridyl-bis-amide ligands play important roles in tuning the structures of the title complexes. In addition, the introduction of the secondary ligand phen shows significant effect on the dimensionalities of POM-based bis-pyridyl-bis-amide complexes. The electrochemical behavior and electrocatalytic properties of complex 3, as well as the photocatalytic activities of the title complexes have been studied.

A zinc(II) quinolinone complex (Et3NH)[Zn(qui)Cl2]: Synthesis, X-ray structure, spectral properties and in vitro cytotoxicity

A new zinc(II) complex with 2-phenyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolinone (Hqui) of the composition (Et3NH)[Zn(qui)Cl2] was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray analysis. The molecular structure is composed of the triethylammonium (Et3NH+) cations and tetrahedral [ZnII(qui)Cl2]− complex anions, in which the Zn(II) atoms are bidentate coordinated by one qui ligand through keto (OK) and phenolate (OP) oxygen atoms and by two chlorido ligands, thus forming the {O2Cl2} donor set, with Zn–OK=1.9860(14) Å, Zn–OP 1.9961(14) Å and Zn–Cl=2.2509(6) Å and 2.2266(6) Å. The complex cations are aligned into 1D supramolecular chains through the NH⋯Cl hydrogen bonding between the amine group of the quinolinone ligand and the chlorido ligand of the adjacent complex anion. The amine group from the Et3NH+ cations provides the NH⋯OP hydrogen bond with the phenolate oxygen atoms from the complex anion. Screening of in vitro cytotoxicity of the compound was studied on human osteosarcoma (HOS) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cell lines, with IC50>50μM. The fluorescence study showed that the complex exhibits a relatively high integral intensity (29%) as compared to the standard quinine sulfate, and 1.6-fold enhancement of emission with respect to free Hqui.

Structural and Spectral Characterization of a Chromium(III) Picolinate Complex: Introducing a New Redox Reaction

Reaction between 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (Hpic) and K3(Cr(O2)4) give complex (Cr(pic)3).H2O (1) which is characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, Raman) and X-ray crystallography. In the crystal structure of 1, chromium atom with coordinated by three nitrogen and three oxygen atoms has a distorted octahedral geome- try. Also a water molecule is incorporated in crystal network. Each water molecule acts as hydrogen bond bridging and con- nects two adjacent complexes by two O-H···O hydrogen bonds.

Geologic framework of the northern North Carolina, USA inner continental shelf and its influence on coastal evolution

The inner continental shelf off the northern Outer Banks of North Carolina was mapped using sidescan sonar, interferometric swath bathymetry, and high-resolution chirp and boomer subbottom profiling systems. We use this information to describe the shallow stratigraphy, reinterpret formation mechanisms of some shoal features, evaluate local relative sea-levels during the Late Pleistocene, and provide new constraints, via recent bedform evolution, on regional sediment transport patterns. The study area is approximately 290 km long by 11 km wide, extending from False Cape, Virginia to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, in water depths ranging from 6 to 34 m. Late Pleistocene sedimentary units comprise the shallow geologic framework of this region and determine both the morphology of the inner shelf and the distribution of sediment sources and sinks. We identify Pleistocene sedimentary units beneath Diamond Shoals that may have provided a geologic template for the location of modern Cape Hatteras and earlier paleo-capes during the Late Pleistocene. These units indicate shallow marine deposition 15–25 m below present sea-level. The uppermost Pleistocene unit may have been deposited as recently as Marine Isotope Stage 3, although some apparent ages for this timing may be suspect. Paleofluvial valleys incised during the Last Glacial Maximum traverse the inner shelf throughout the study area and dissect the Late Pleistocene units. Sediments deposited in the valleys record the Holocene transgression and provide insight into the evolutionary history of the barrier-estuary system in this region. The relationship between these valleys and adjacent shoal complexes suggests that the paleo-Roanoke River did not form the Albemarle Shelf Valley complex as previously proposed; a major fluvial system is absent and thus makes the formation of this feature enigmatic. Major shoal features in the study area show mobility at decadal to centennial timescales, including nearly a kilometer of shoal migration over the past 134 yr. Sorted bedforms occupy ~ 1000 km 2 of seafloor in Raleigh Bay, and indicate regional sediment transport patterns between Capes Hatteras and Lookout that help explain long-term sediment accumulation and morphologic development. Portions of the inner continental shelf with relatively high sediment abundance are characterized by shoals and shoreface-attached ridges, and where sediment is less abundant, the seafloor is dominated by sorted bedforms. These relationships are also observed in other passive margin settings, suggesting a continuum of shelf morphology that may have broad application for interpreting inner shelf sedimentation patterns. • We mapped ~ 3200 km 3 of the North Carolina inner continental shelf. • Modern Cape Hatteras may have been the location of several ancient paleo-capes. • Major shoal complexes are shown to migrate ~ 1 km per century. • Sediment availability determines the morphology of the inner continental shelf. • Seafloor bedforms reflect sediment availability and transport directions.