Blood Cell Adhesion Research Articles

Multifunctional hemostatic polysaccharide-based sponge enhanced by tunicate cellulose: A promising approach for photothermal antibacterial activity and accelerated wound healing

Fast and effective hemostasis and protection against wound infection play a crucial role in trauma care. In this study, a sponge scaffold with a self-expanding interpenetrating macropore structure was designed via two-step cross-linking method for hemostasis and photothermal antimicrobial activity. Oxidized Konjac glucomannan (OKGM) and chitosan (CS) were crosslinked once to form a dynamic covalent bonding network, and a basic three-dimensional fiber porous network framework was constructed by uniformly dispersing Tunicate nanocellulose (TCNCs). Secondary crosslinking introduced Polydopamine (PDA NPs) into the sponge, while dynamic hydrogen bonds were interleaved to stabilize the frame. PDA NPs enhanced the sponge's antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to its good photothermal conversion efficiency and oxygen radical scavenging ability. Compared to cotton gauze and gelatin sponges, the composite sponges showed superior blood cell adhesion and platelet activation. In tests on rat liver trauma models, composite sponges showed shorter hemostasis time (12 ± 2.17 s) and less blood loss (0.1 ± 0.052 g). Sponges can protect wound tissue through their adhesion properties. In the full-thickness wound model infected with S. aureus, the composite sponge accelerated wound healing. Overall, this composite sponge has great potential for clinical use as a wound dressing.

Antibacterial chitosan-based composite sponge with synergistic hemostatic effect for massive haemorrhage

Uncontrollable acute bleeding and wound infection pose significant challenges in emergency treatment and surgical operations. Therefore, the research and development of highly efficient antibacterial hemostatic agents are of great importance in reducing the mortality rate among patients with massive hemorrhage. In this study, we utilized hydrophobically modified chitosan (HM-CS) and gallic acid chitosan (GA-CS) to create a composite sponge (HM/GA-CS) that exhibits complementary advantages. The composite sponge combines the alkyl chain and polyphenol structure, allowing it to adsorb blood cells and plasma proteins simultaneously. This synergistic effect was confirmed through various tests, including blood cell adhesion, plasma protein barrier behavior, and in vitro hemostatic testing. Furthermore, experiments conducted on a rat liver injury model demonstrated that the composite sponge achieved rapid coagulation within 52 s, resulting in significantly lower bleeding volume compared with traditional gauze. In addition, the incorporation of GA-CS into HM-CS enhanced the antibacterial properties of the composite sponge. The antibacterial rate of the composite sponge against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) reached 100 % and 98.2 %, respectively. To evaluate its biocompatibility, the composite sponge underwent blood compatibility and cell activity tests, confirming its suitability. The HM/GA-CS sponge holds promising applications in managing cases of massive hemorrhage.

An innovative bioactive surface with potential hemocompatibility performance for enhancing osseointegration at early-stage implantation

In the present study, the effectiveness of biomedical titanium (Ti) with plasma oxidation, polymerization, and albumin immobilization in producing a bioactive surface (Ti/rutile TiO2/NH2/protein) that promote hemocompatibility performance was investigated through scanning electron microscopy Raman spectrometry, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, wettability examination, and blood clotting time assay. The results indicated that the bioactive surface with uniform island-like immobilized protein clusters was formed on the plasma-oxidized at 240 W specimen. This bioactive surface showed the significantly lowest contact angle as compared with the control (**p < 0.01) and other bioactive surfaces (plasma-oxidized at 80 W and 160 W) (*p < 0.05). In addition, the blood clotting time assay also demonstrated that the bioactive surface with 240 W exhibited the best red blood cell aggregation and adhesion performance. Thus, the fabricated bioactive surface not only increases wettability but also promotes hemocompatibility, thereby could potentially enhancing tissue healing at early-stage post-implantation.

Polydopamine-Coated Polycaprolactone Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane Loaded with Thrombin for Wound Hemostasis.

Hemorrhagic shock is the primary cause of death in patients with severe trauma, and the development of rapid and efficient hemostatic methods is of great significance in saving the lives of trauma patients. In this study, a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning. A PCL-PDA loading system was developed by modifying the surface of polydopamine (PDA), using inspiration from mussel adhesion protein, and the efficient and stable loading of thrombin (TB) was realized to ensure the bioactivity of TB. The new thrombin loading system overcomes the disadvantages of harsh storage conditions, poor strength, and ease of falling off, and it can use thrombin to start a rapid coagulation cascade reaction, which has the characteristics of fast hemostasis, good biocompatibility, high safety, and a wide range of hemostasis. The physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the PCL-PDA-TB membrane were verified by scanning electron microscopy, the cell proliferation test, the cell adhesion test, and the extract cytotoxicity test. Red blood cell adhesion, platelet adhesion, dynamic coagulation time, and animal models all verified the coagulation effect of the PCL-PDA-TB membrane. Therefore, the PCL-PDA-TB membrane has great potential in wound hemostasis applications, and should be widely used in various traumatic hemostatic scenarios.

Advanced in vitro hemocompatibility assessment of biomaterials using a new flow incubation system

Physiologically relevant in vitro hemocompatibility assessment of biomaterials remains challenging. We present a new setup that enables standardized whole blood incubation of biomedical materials under flow. A blood volume of 2 mL is recirculated over test surfaces in a custom-made parallel plate incubation system to determine the activation of hemostasis and inflammation. Controlled physiological shear rates between 125 s−1 and 1250 s−1 and minimized contact to air are combined with a natural-like pumping process. A unique feature of this setup allows tracing adhesion of blood cells to test surfaces microscopically in situ. Validation testing was performed in comparison to previously applied whole blood incubation methodologies. Experiments with the newly developed setup showed that even small obstacles to blood flow activate blood (independent of materials-induced blood activation levels); that adhesion of blood cells to biomaterials equilibrates within 5 to 10 min; that high shear rates (1250 compared to 375 s−1) induce platelet activation; and that hemolysis, platelet factor 4 (PF4) release and platelet loss - but not thrombin formation – depend on shear rate (within the range investigated, 125 to 1250 s−1).

Application of composite antibacterial nanoparticle non-woven fabric in sterilization of hospital infection

The use of disinfection materials and instruments is an important part of surgical operation. Hospital environment and surgical equipment need comprehensive sterilization treatment. This process is the key to the success of the operation, and it is also one of the first ways to control the hospital to avoid infection during the operation. The selection of scientific and reasonable sterilization methods for infection will directly affect the safety of medical treatment. In order to improve the antibacterial properties of medical non-woven fabrics, this paper combines two antibacterial methods of sterilization and antibacterial adhesion, and uses the principle of nanotechnology to design that the non-woven fabrics have good blood compatibility in the sterilization process. Then, a new composite antibacterial nanoparticle antibacterial solution is prepared from the synthesized nano‑silver solution, and the antibacterial solution is attached to the non-woven fabric, so that the nano‑silver particles with antibacterial effect are fixed on the surface of the fabric, and its antibacterial effect is measured through the antibacterial test, and excellent hospital infection sterilization technology is prepared and applied to the non-woven fabric products. The fusion experiment of platelets and red blood cells shows that the prepared surface technology combined with antibacterial adhesion and sterilization can effectively fuse with platelets and red blood cells, and can also effectively prevent the adhesion of platelets and red blood cells, and shows good blood compatibility, which is applicable to the sterilization process of hospital infection.

#2668 SUPERIOR BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF REGIONAL CITRATE ANTICOAGULATION COMPARED TO HEPARIN DURING EXPANDED HEMODIALYSIS WITH THERANOVA® MEMBRANE

Abstract Background and Aims Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) is known to improve the biocompatibility of hemodialysis (HD) by reducing complement, leukocyte and platelet activation. As continuous exposure to bio-incompatible HD may accelerate cardiovascular disease and increase mortality, improved biocompatibility may be important for clinical outcomes, including long-term survival of chronic HD patients. We found no reports of RCA during expanded hemodialysis (HDx), except our recent pilot study [1]. The aim of our trial was to compare RCA and full dose unfractionated heparin (UFH) during HDx with respect to biocompatibility parameters. Methods We performed a randomized, cross-over trial in 32 patients on chronic HD. Each had 2 HDx procedures with Theranova® membrane: one with UFH and one with RCA. RCA was achieved with 8% trisodium citrate at a flow rate of 150 mL/min. Anticoagulation with UFH was achieved by a bolus of 30 I.U. per kg of body weight, followed by an infusion of 18 I.U. per kg of body weight per hour. Anticoagulation was monitored by post-filter ionized calcium (RCA) or activated partial thromboplastin time (UFH). The primary outcomes were serum concentrations of C3a (marker of complement activation) and myeloperoxidase (MPO; marker of leukocyte activation) and plasma concentrations of platelet factor 4 (PF4; marker of platelet activation). Blood was drawn prior to, after 15 minutes and just before the end of HDx. The area under the biocompatibility marker concentration-time curve (AUC) was calculated for an individual biocompatibility marker from all three concentrations using the linear trapezoidal rule. As a secondary outcome, adhesion of blood cells and activation of clotting on inner surfaces of dialyzer fibers were visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in a subset of patients (n = 5). Biocompatibility parameters were compared between the groups using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The trial included 22 males and 10 females. Patients were of mean age 65 ± 12 years with median dialysis vintage of 31 (IQR 17-89) months. Mean duration of HDx was 4.4 ± 0.4 hours (always the same for an individual patient). All patients had arteriovenous fistulas. Analysis of PF4 included only 8 patients, while the rest had concentrations of PF4 above the measuring range, probably due to unspecific platelet degranulation because of preanalytical factors. The concentrations of C3a, MPO and PF4 rose significantly after 15 minutes of HDx with UFH, while we observed no significant rises during HDx with RCA (Table 1). The AUC for biocompatibility markers were significantly smaller during HDx with RCA in comparison to UFH: 1163.0 ± 306.8 vs. 1444.1 ± 385.9 µgh/L for C3a (p&amp;lt;0.001); 78.2 (IQR 39.0-131.2) vs. 275.1 (IQR 136.9-492.9) µgh/L for MPO (p&amp;lt;0.001) and 100.0 (IQR 51.8-196.6) vs. 379.4 (IQR 295.0-553.0) IUh/mL for PF4 (p = 0.04). SEM showed almost no deposition on the membrane with comparable clotting score: 2 (IQR 1-3) for RCA vs. 2 (IQR 1-2.25) for UFH (p = 0.40). Conclusion Given the higher activation of complement, leukocytes and platelets during HDx with UFH, we conclude that RCA offers superior biocompatibility compared to UFH during HDx. Whether improved biocompatibility has clinical relevance remains to be explored.

Multifunctional Fluorinated Lubricant Infused Poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB) Membranes for Full Thickness Abdominal Wall Defect Repair.

Abdominal wall defect caused by surgical trauma, congenital rupture, or tumor resection may result in hernia formation or even death. Tension-free abdominal wall defect repair by using patches is the gold standard to solve such problems. However, adhesions following patch implantation remain one of the most challenging issues in surgical practice. The development of new kinds of barriers is key to addressing peritoneal adhesions and repairing abdominal wall defects. It's already well recognized that ideal barrier materials need to have good resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and bacterial colonization for preventing the initial development of adhesion. Herein, electrospun poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB) membranes infused with perfluorocarbon oil were used as physical barriers. The oil-infused P4HB membranes can greatly prevent protein attachment and reduce blood cell adhesion in vitro. We further showed that the perfluorocarbon oil-infused P4HB membranes can reduce bacterial colonization. The in vivo study revealed that perfluoro-(decahydronaphthalene) infused P4HB membranes can significantly prevent peritoneal adhesions in the classic abdominal wall defects model and accelerate defect repair, as evidenced by gross examination and histological evaluation. This work provides a safe fluorinated lubricant-impregnated P4HB physical barrier to inhibit the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions and efficiently repair soft-tissue defects. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Flexible Bioactive Glass Nanofiber-Based Self-Expanding Cryogels with Superelasticity and Bioadhesion Enabling Hemostasis and Wound Healing.

Self-expanding cryogels hold unique prospects for treating uncontrollable hemorrhages. However, development of a mechanically robust, tissue-adhesive, and bioactive self-expanding cryogel enabling effective hemostasis and tissue repair has remained a great challenge. Herein, we report a superelastic cellular-structured bioactive glass nanofibrous cryogel (BGNC) composed of highly flexible BG nanofibers and citric acid-cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol). These BGNCs exhibit high absorption capacity (3169%), fast self-expanding ability, near zero Poisson's ratio, injectability, high compressive recovery at a strain of 80%, robust fatigue resistance (almost no plastic deformation after 800 cycles at a strain of 60%), and good adhesion with diverse tissues. The BGNCs provide sustained release of Ca, Si, and P ions. Moreover, the BGNCs present better blood clotting and blood cell adhesion ability and superior hemostatic capacity in rabbit liver and femoral artery hemorrhage models as compared with commercial gelatin hemostatic sponges. In addition, BGNCs are able to stop bleeding in rat cardiac puncture injury in about 1 min. Furthermore, the BGNCs are capable of promoting rat full-thickness skin wound healing. The development of self-expanding BGNCs with superelasticity and bioadhesion provides a promising strategy for exploring multifunctional hemostatic and wound repair materials.

Catch bonds in sickle cell disease: Shear-enhanced adhesion of red blood cells to laminin

Could the phenomenon of catch bonding—force-strengthened cellular adhesion—play a role in sickle cell disease, where abnormal red blood cell (RBC) adhesion obstructs blood flow? Here, we investigate the dynamics of sickle RBCs adhering to a surface functionalized with the protein laminin (a component of the extracellular matrix around blood vessels) under physiologically relevant microscale flow. First, using total internal reflectance microscopy we characterize the spatial fluctuations of the RBC membrane above the laminin surface before detachment. The complex dynamics we observe suggest the possibility of catch bonding, where the mean detachment time of the cell from the surface initially increases to a maximum and then decreases as a function of shear force. We next conduct a series of shear-induced detachment experiments on blood samples from 25 sickle cell disease patients, quantifying the number and duration of adhered cells under both sudden force jumps and linear force ramps. The experiments reveal that a subset of patients does indeed exhibit catch bonding. By fitting the data to a theoretical model of the bond dynamics, we can extract the mean bond lifetime versus force for each patient. The results show a striking heterogeneity among patients, both in terms of the qualitative behavior (whether or not there is catch bonding) and in the magnitudes of the lifetimes. Patients with large bond lifetimes at physiological forces are more likely to have certain adverse clinical features, like a diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and intracardiac shunts. By introducing an in vitro platform for fully characterizing RBC-laminin adhesion dynamics, our approach could contribute to the development of patient-specific antiadhesive therapies for sickle cell disease. The experimental setup is also easily generalizable to studying adhesion dynamics in other cell types, for example, leukocytes or cancer cells, and can incorporate disease-relevant environmental conditions like oxygen deprivation.

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising the CO2-Philic wavelike layer of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) for highly efficient blood oxygenation

Oxygenation efficiency from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is hindered by membrane resistance and CO2/O2 selectivity in the process of gas transport through membrane. Herein, we designed a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) as an artificial lung membrane, which was prepared by blending polyphenylene oxide (PPO) with hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) named PFC-11. The interface interactions showed that PFC-11 and PPO had good interfacial compatibility and formed a uniform structure with great mechanical properties. The addition of PFC-11 provided additional gas transport channels for MMMs, and the special groups and atoms in the channels promoted the diffusion of CO2. The gas permeance and CO2/O2 selectivity of MMMs were effectively improved. The oxygenation performance test and liquid entry pressure measurement proved that PPO/PFC-11 MMMs had sufficient oxygenation capacity and excellent wetting-resistant ability to meet the actual ECMO application. The hemocompatibility of MMMs was evaluated by hemolysis rate and blood cell adhesion. The PPO/PFC-11 MMMs exhibited excellent performance for ECMO and provided a novel direction for the research and development of efficient artificial lung membranes.

Bioinspired Polycation Functionalization of the Polyurethane Surface for Enhanced Lubrication, Antibacterial Property, and Anticoagulation

Endowing the implanted biomaterial with a wide range of functions, such as lubrication and antibacterial and anticoagulation properties, is essential for their safe clinical use. In the present study, based on the superlubrication mechanism of articular cartilage, a branched polyelectrolyte polymer (PEI-PMPC) was successfully synthesized based on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated grafting polymerization and then applied to the biocompatible polyurethane (PU) surface. Specifically, the PU sheet was pretreated by polydopamine (PDA), and the PEI-PMPC polymer was grafted onto the PDA-modified PU surface by Schiff base reaction to generate a solid PDA/PEI-PMPC coating. The unmodified and modified surfaces were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface zeta potential. To compare the lubrication, antibacterial behavior, and hemocompatibility, the relevant properties of the modified surfaces were evaluated by the tribological test, plate count method, surface morphology, hemolysis rate, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time. The experimental results demonstrated that the adhesion of bovine serum albumin, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, platelets, and red blood cells was significantly decreased on the PEI-PMPC-modified PU surface compared with that of the unmodified PU surface. The multi-functional properties of the coating were attributed to the hydration layer formed by zwitterionic phosphorylcholine groups, and additionally, the cationic PEI served to kill the bacteria adhering to the surface. In summary, the bioinspired coating proposed in this study could potentially be used as a promising surface functionalization strategy for biomedical implants.

The long non-coding RNA, miRNA and mRNA landscapes ofcementoblasts during cementogenesis.

Stimulation of cementogenesis is essential to cementum regeneration and root restoration. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulatory networks of periodontal regeneration processes. We identified and analysed differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs associated with cementogenic differentiation of cementoblasts. OCCM-30 immortalized mouse cementoblast cells were induced in cementogenic medium for 7 and 14 days. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to RNA sequencing to screen for differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of RNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to clarify the potential functions of differentially expressed genes in biological processes and pathways. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed based on correlation and algorithmic analyses. In all, 461 lncRNAs, 89 miRNAs and 2157 mRNAs showed differential expression in OCCM-30 cells after cementoblast differentiation. At day 7, upregulation of 248 lncRNAs, 30 miRNAs and 905 mRNAs was observed, along with downregulation of 127 lncRNAs, 34 miRNAs and 960 mRNAs. At day 14, 197 lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 847 mRNAs were upregulated, while 74 lncRNAs, 12 miRNAs and 760 mRNAs were downregulated. The results of qRT-PCR showed that four candidate lncRNAs, H19, Gdap10, Foxo6os and Ipw, were significantly upregulated after 7 and 14 days of cementogenic induction. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network illustrated a possible competitive endogenous RNA regulatory mechanism. GO analysis showed that consistently differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in blood vessel morphogenesis, cell-substrate adhesion, cell adhesion, ossification and extracellular matrix organization. KEGG analysis indicated that extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and the PI3K-Akt, Rap1, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Ras signalling pathways varied significantly during cementogenesis. The expressions of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA were significantly altered in cementoblasts after cementogenesis. This study highlighted the effect of lncRNAs in the process of cementogenesis and revealed their potential for the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cementum regeneration.

Double-edged sword of biofouling potentials associated with haemocompatibility behaviour: titania nanotube arrays for medical implant surface technology

BackgroundMedical implant failures are frequently associated with limitations of the surface technology that lead to biofouling and haemocompatibility issues. Titania nanotube array technology could provide a solution for this existing limitation. The present study describes the biofouling potential using the simulated body fluid model according to ISO 23317-2007 and haemocompatibility profiles according to ISO 10993-4 guidelines. Further haemocompatibility profiles were also assessed by evaluating full blood count, coagulation assays, haemolytic rate, whole blood clotting factor, platelet profiles, and FESEM characterization.ResultTitania nanotube array nanosurface was found to present with better apatite biofouling and hydrophilic potential compared to bare titanium foil. Furthermore, good compatibility behaviour was observed based on the haemocompatibility profiles where no signs of thrombogenesis and haemolysis risks were observed. Titania nanotube array reduced fibrinogen adsorption, red blood cell and platelet adhesion and activation, which could be associated with detrimental biofouling properties.ConclusionTitania nanotube array could possess a double-edged sword of biofouling potentials that resist detrimental biofouling properties associated with thrombogenesis and haemolysis risk. It also provides better apatite biofouling potential for improved tissue and osseointegration activities. Knowledge from this study provides a better understanding of medical implant surface technology.Graphical

Angiotensin II Increases Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Female, But Not Male, Endothelial Cells.

Women are at elevated risk for certain cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular complications of diabetes. Angiotensin II (AngII), a circulating stress hormone, is elevated in cardiovascular disease; however, our knowledge of sex differences in the vascular effects of AngII are limited. We therefore analyzed sex differences in human endothelial cell response to AngII treatment. Male and female endothelial cells were treated with AngII for 24h and analyzed by RNA sequencing. We then used endothelial and mesenchymal markers, inflammation assays, and oxidative stress indicators to measure female and male endothelial cell functional changes in response to AngII. Our data show that female and male endothelial cells are transcriptomically distinct. Female endothelial cells treated with AngII had widespread gene expression changes related to inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, while male endothelial cells had few gene expression changes. While both female and male endothelial cells maintained their endothelial phenotype with AngII treatment, female endothelial cells showed increased release of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and increased white blood cell adhesion following AngII treatment concurrent with a second inflammatory cytokine. Additionally, female endothelial cells had elevated reactive oxygen species production compared to male endothelial cells after AngII treatment, which may be partially due to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2 (NOX2) escape from X-chromosome inactivation. These data suggest that endothelial cells have sexually dimorphic responses to AngII, which could contribute to increased prevalence of some cardiovascular diseases in women. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00762-2.

Outcomes of Pregnancy in Sickle Cell Disease Patients: Results from the Prospective ESCORT-HU Cohort Study.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) refers to a group of inherited hemoglobin disorders in which sickle red blood cells display altered deformability, leading to a significant burden of acute and chronic complications, such as vaso-occlusive pain crises (VOCs). Hydroxyurea is a major therapeutic agent in adult and pediatric sickle cell patients. This treatment is an alternative to transfusion in some complications. Indeed, it increases hemoglobin F and has an action on the endothelial adhesion of red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets. Although the safety profile of hydroxyurea (HU) in patients with sickle cell disease has been well established, the existing literature on HU exposure during pregnancy is limited and incomplete. Pregnancy in women with SCD has been identified as a high risk for the mother and fetus due to the increased incidence of maternal and non-fetal complications in various studies and reports. For women on hydroxyurea at the time of pregnancy, transfusion therapy should probably be initiated after pregnancy. In addition, there is still a significant lack of knowledge about the incidence of pregnancy, fetal and maternal outcomes, and management of pregnant women with SCD, making it difficult to advise women or clinicians on outcomes and best practices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe pregnancy outcomes (n = 128) reported in the noninterventional European Sickle Cell Disease COhoRT-HydroxyUrea (ES-CORT-HU) study. We believe that our results are important and relevant enough to be shared with the scientific community.

Preparation and evaluation of aldehyde starch hemostatic microspheres crosslinked with L‐cystine dimethyl ester for ultrarapid rapid hemostasis

AbstractRapid hemostasis, biosafety, and adaptability to different bleeding sites are the focus of research on hemostatic materials. In this work, an efficient and simple preparation of aldehyde starch hemostatic microspheres (ASHMs) crosslinked with L‐cystine dimethyl ester was developed. Through a series of physicochemical parameters and in vitro and in vivo hemostatic properties measurements, the results showed that under the optimal crosslinking degree, ASHMs had a regular and uniform spherical shape, and it had a liquid suction capacity of up to 880%. At the same time, the aldehyde groups on its surface can increase the adhesion and aggregation of blood cells, thereby enhancing the hemostatic effect, which can be considered as a synergistic effect. More importantly, ASHMs have good biocompatibility and minimal intradermal irritation. Taken together，ASHMs could be used as potential novel hemostatic materials for surgical treatment.

Chitosan Lactate Particles for Non-Compression Hemostasis on Hepatic Resection.

The liver is the most complex vascular anatomy of all human organs, with extremely rich blood flow and fragile texture. Massive liver bleeding usually occurs after traumatic liver injury, causing severe systematic issues. Thus, bleeding control is critical in hindering mortality rates and complications in patients. In this study, non-compression hemostasis materials based on chitosan lactate particles (CLP) were developed for handling liver bleeding after injuries. CLP showed good blood biocompatibility and antibacterial performance against S. aureus. Taking advantage of the vital capacity of CLP to promote red blood cell and platelet adhesion, CLP exhibited in vivo homeostasis properties as non-compression hemostasis materials for traumatic liver injury, both in SD rats, New Zealand rabbits, or in beagles. Whereas CLP has better hemostasis than the commercial hemostatic agent Celox™.

Antibacterial quaternary ammonium chitosan/carboxymethyl starch/alginate sponges with enhanced hemostatic property for the prevention of dry socket.

Tooth extraction commonly leads to postoperative wound bleeding, bacterial infection, and even the occurrence of dry socket. Therefore, developing a biomedical material with favorable antibacterial and excellent hemostatic properties to prevent the post-extraction dry socket is necessary. Herein, quaternary ammonium chitosan/ carboxymethyl starch/alginate (ACQ) sponges are developed via Ca2+ cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, and lyophilization methods. The results show that the bio-multifunctional sponges exhibit interconnected porous structures with significant fluid absorption rates and suitable water vapor transmission rates. In vitro cellular and hemolysis experiments indicate that the developed sponges have acceptable biocompatibility. Notably, the constructed sponges effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans, as well as achieve rapid hemostasis in the mouse liver injury and mini-pig tooth extraction models by absorbing blood and promoting red blood cell adhesion. Thus, the created bio-multifunctional sponges show tremendous promise as a hemostatic material for wound management after tooth extraction.

Shape memory and antibacterial chitosan-based cryogel with hemostasis and skin wound repair

Massive damage to the skin can lead to heavy bleeding and potential wound infection. Therefore, the preparation of low-cost wound dressings that meet these requirements by simple methods has a good application prospect. In the study, a shape memory cryogel prepared at low temperatures by mixing chitosan (CS) and citric acid (CA). Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) introduced into the cryogel through the reduction of Ag+ with tannic acid (TA) as a reducing agent. The CS/CA/Ag cryogel has good mechanical properties and interconnected macroporous structures. The results of hemostasis tests show that CS/CA/Ag cryogel can absorb a large amount of blood and promote blood cell adhesion compared with commercial gelatin sponges and gauze. Meanwhile, CS/CA/Ag cryogel has a good antibacterial ability against S. aureus and E. coli. Furthermore, CS/CA/Ag cryogel significantly promotes wound healing in the full-thickness wound model infected with S. aureus. In conclusion, the cryogel prepared by the simple method has great advantages in rapid hemostasis and promoting wound healing.