This review intends to bring up-to-date research findings on the epigenetic effects of the 13 vitamins. The importance of the 13 essential dietary vitamins regarding their positive contribution to human’s physical condition is widely known. The epigenetic roles of these dietary supplements have already been studied and discussed broadly through the past decades. However, it is of significance for the public to understand the recent advances in vitamin epigenetics so that more awareness of the necessity of vitamin intake would be raised. Therefore, this review presents a broad picture which includes epigenetic effects of the 13 vitamins in terms of DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNA expression in recent 5 years. The 13 vitamins take parts in different aspects of our body systems. In recent years, the most discussed fields of vitamin epigenetics are tumor suppression, organ protection, and neurodegeneration treatment. In addition, this review also highlights the significance of adequate vitamin intake by revealing the adverse effects of vitamin depletion. The recent findings of vitamin epigenetics regarding DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNA expression give emphasis to involvement of the 13 vitamins in preservation of common human physiology, defense of abnormal cell proliferation, as well as potential treatments of degenerative diseases. It also reminds the public that insufficient supplementation of vitamins is likely to exert unsatisfactory influence on human bodies. Furthermore, this review provides an advanced base for future research by putting forward potential vitamin treatments in various diseases as well as unthorough research results.