Adequate Food Research Articles

Evaluating Nutrient Composition of Adult Patients’ Normal Diet Menus: Experience of Public Hospitals in Türkiye

Background: Hospital menus are profoundly important to meet the nourishment needs of patients. So, this study is conducted to determine the nutrient adequacy of adult patients’ normal diet menus. Methods: An evaluation of 30-day fixed menus consisting of 4 dishes was conducted in four different public hospitals in Ankara, the capital of Türkiye. Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) were used to examine the sufficiency of nutrients and meals. Results: For all the hospitals, MAR value was found higher than %85. However, nutrient adequacy ratio of dietary fiber, calcium and magnesium were lower than the other nutrients. It was determined that total fat, saturated fat, salt and cholesterol (except hospital D) contents were high according to the recommended values. Nevertheless, these fixed menus supplied 75% daily fiber on average. Hospital A and D menus met calcium requirements by 73% and 67%, respectively. While hospital D menus met magnesium (76%) and potassium (67%) requirements moderately, other hospitals approached 100% sufficiency for potassium. It is remarkable that in all the hospitals the amount of fruits seemed very low, up to 34%. Conclusion: As the hospital meal is an essential part of in-patients’ institutional care and nutritional support, the nutrient contents of menus should be monitored for nutritional requirements and, if necessary, there should be initiatives and arrangements in standard recipes to reduce salt and fat contents.

Are increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa linked to self-perceived body image and nutritional adequacy of Turkish adults?

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study, conducted on 4003 participants aged between 18 and 45, aims to contribute to orthorexia nervosa (ON) research by examining the relationship between ON, body image and nutritional adequacy. The Orthorexia Nervosa-11 scale (ORTO-11) and body perception scale were applied to individuals, and food consumption records were taken with a 24-hour dietary recall method. The study found that more individuals with orthorexia nervosa (ON) considered themselves overweight compared to non-ON individuals. Evaluating diet quality, the mean adequacy ratio was significantly higher in ON individuals. Nutrient adequacy ratios for total fiber, magnesium, zinc, thiamine, folic acid, and vitamin C were higher, while those for carbohydrate and iron were lower in ON individuals. Additionally, increasing the number of snacks, protein, and total fiber adequacy decreased the ORTO-11 score. Distorted body image perception may be a risk factor for ON, but healthy eating fixation does not lead to nutrient inadequacy unless it involves progressive food restriction.

SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor with high quality of life and far exceeding predicted survival: A case report.

SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a recently reported rare malignancy that can rapidly metastasize to tissues and organs throughout the body. The tumor is characterized by a lower response to platinum-based chemotherapy. More regrettably, the mean survival time of patients with this disease after diagnosis is only 4 to 7 months. A 58-year-old man was admitted to a hospital for fatigue, sudden syncope, and a mass-like shadow of his left upper lobe demonstrated by a pulmonary computed tomographic. Based on his subsequent clinical and pathological features, he was highly suspected of SMARCA4-UT. Combined with next-generation sequencing genetic testing and immunohistochemical examination results, the patient was diagnosed with SMARCA4-UT. The patient received a left upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection, four-course chemotherapy divided into 8 sessions with the use of paclitaxel simply, and a proper post-discharge self-care. The patient's operation and chemotherapy were all successful and he maintained a high quality of life after surgery that far exceeded his predicted survival. Early diagnosis, higher education level, attention to the disease and complications, reducing chemotherapy damage, adequate nutrient intake, relieving symptoms, controlling depression, and maintaining immunity and the ability to perform activities of daily living may all be the positive factors that can prolong the survival of patients with SMARCA4-UT.

Promotion of Healthy and Adequate Food in a rural territory: pathways to reflection and praxis with Community Health Workers

RESUMO A garantia de uma alimentação adequada e saudável está no rol de direitos humanos necessários para promoção da saúde. As desigualdades na distribuição de recursos e dificuldades de acesso a políticas públicas resultam em piores condições de vida das populações do campo, onde a insegurança alimentar e nutricional está mais presente que nos centros urbanos. Assim, as equipes de saúde da família do campo enfrentam diferentes desafios no processo de trabalho, sendo os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) profissionais-chave para a garantia do acesso ao serviço. Este trabalho apresenta o caminho teórico-metodológico dos Círculos de Cultura com quatro ACS do campo no Distrito Federal e as percepções desses profissionais sobre alimentação adequada e saudável pela lente da análise do discurso. Ao longo de dois encontros, foi possível refletir sobre todas as dimensões abordadas pelo referencial teórico, com exceção da etnia/raça, além da conscientização acerca das relações de poder no território. Por meio da educação popular, vislumbra-se a transformação da realidade com ações coletivas para melhoria do acesso a alimentos saudáveis no território. Os Círculos de Cultura se mostraram um caminho potente para construção do conhecimento aliada a um olhar crítico sobre a determinação social no território.

Survival of Twelve Pathogenic and Generic Escherichia coli Strains in Agricultural Soils as Influenced by Strain, Soil Type, Irrigation Regimen, and Soil Amendment

Biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) play an important role in agriculture but can introduce pathogens into soils. Pathogen survival in soil is widely studied, but data are needed on the impacts of strain variability and field management practices. This study monitored the population of 12 Escherichia coli strains (generic, O157, and non-O157) in soils while evaluating the interactions of soil type, irrigation regimen, and soil amendment in three independent, greenhouse-based, randomized complete block design trials. Each E. coli strain (4–5 log10 CFU/g) was homogenized in bovine manure amended or nonamended sandy-loam or clay-loam soil. E. coli was enumerated in 25 g samples on 0, 0.167 (4 h), 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 56, 84, 112, 168, 210, 252, and 336 days postinoculation (dpi). Regression analyses were developed to understand the impact of strain, soil type, irrigation regimen, and soil amendment on inactivation rates. E. coli survived for 112 to 336 dpi depending on the treatment combination. Pathogenic and generic E. coli survived 46 days [95% Confidence interval (CI) = 20.85, 64.72; p = 0.001] longer in soils irrigated weekly compared to daily and 146 days (CI = 114.50, 184.50; p < 0.001) longer in amended soils compared to unamended soils. Pathogenic E. coli strains were nondetectable 69 days (CI = 39.58, 98.66, p = 0.015) earlier than generic E. coli strains. E. coli inactivation rates demonstrated a tri-phasic pattern, with breakpoints at 26 dpi (CI = 22.3, 29.2) and 130 dpi (CI = 121.0, 138.1). The study findings demonstrate that using bovine manure as BSAAO in soil enhances E. coli survival, regardless of strain, and adequate food safety practices are needed to reduce the risk of crop contamination. The findings of this study contribute data on E. coli concentrations in amended soils to assist stakeholders and regulators in making risk-based decisions on time intervals between the application of BSAAO and the production and harvest of fruits and vegetables.

Analysis correlation of the remaining tooth number and muscle mass in women 45 to 69 years old: a cross-sectional design

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth loss is a prevalent condition among older adults. Maintaining at least 20 teeth in the oral cavity is crucial for optimal masticatory function, which in turn is important for adequate nutrient intake, including protein necessary for muscle mass synthesis. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the number of remaining teeth and muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years, a demographic that typically begins to experience a decrease in muscle mass. Methods: The research used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were selected using purposive sampling techniques based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in a sample size of 60 participants. The independent variable was the number of remaining teeth, while the dependent variable was muscle mass. The number of remaining teeth was assessed using a disposable dental kit. Muscle mass was measured with a TanitaⓇ BC-541 digital body composition scale, and height was measured using a microtoise. All participants provided informed consent, and data were recorded on a measurement result sheet. The data were then tabulated and analyzed descriptively and using the Spearman correlation test, with a significance threshold set at 0.000 (p-value &lt;0.05). Results: The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.672, indicating a significantly positive correlation between the number of remaining teeth and muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years. Conclusion: A lower number of remaining teeth is associated with lower muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years.KEYWORDSElderly, tooth loss, muscle mass

Role of Horticultural Crops in Food and Nutritional Security: A Review

Horticultural crops perform a very important role in both food and nutritional security more especially in developing countries. Fruit and vegetables have high content of both nutritional and health promoting compounds which consist mostly of essential vitamins, minerals and anti-oxidant that is not present in major staple food crops. Fruits and vegetables supply a large constituent of human nutrition, as they are vital sources of minerals, vitamins, nutrients, dietary fiber, ant-oxidant and phytochemicals that are easy to produce and have short production cycle. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help in reducing high blood pressure, lower the risk of heart disease and stroke, provide protection against most types of cancer, reduce the risk of eye and digestive problems, and have a significant effect controlling blood sugar levels which serve as appetite booster. The higher the amount of daily intake of fruits and vegetables, the lower the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Fruits and vegetables also contain fiber that assist in bowel movements and can relieve or prevent constipation. Eating fruits and vegetables can also keep eyes healthy and may help prevent two common eye diseases like cataracts and macular degeneration. The FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO report on state of World food and nutrition security for the year 2021 painted a gloomier picture. The report estimated that between 720 and 811 million people in the world faced hunger in 2020 with close to 2.37 billion people did not have access to adequate food in 2020. Thus the need to encourage the production of horticultural crops can help in enhancing food and nutritional security since it is an enterprise that maximizes small space in terms of value and health benefits.

Amendments promote Douglas-fir survival on Formosa Mine tailings.

While mining provides valuable metals and minerals to meet societal demands, it can cause environmental contamination from the residuals (i.e., tailings) of mining. Tailings are often acidic, laden with heavy metals, and lacking adequate nutrients and physical conditions for plant growth, precluding the establishment of plant cover to reduce the offsite movement of mining wastes. This paper describes a case study at the Formosa Mine in Douglas County, Oregon, where tailings were amended with a mixture of lime, biosolids, biochar, and microbial inoculum to facilitate establishment of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel] Franco) seedlings. Results show that the tailings pH increased, and Douglas-fir seedlings survived and grew with these amendments. After 2years, pH did, however, decrease in some downslope locations and was associated with an increase in tree mortality. This suggests that tailings conditions should be monitored, and amendments should be reapplied as needed, particularly in areas receiving acidic runoff from unamended upslope tailings, until the seedlings are fully established. This study not only provides a prescription for the addition of biochar and other amendments to enhance plant growth for revegetation purposes in low-pH, metal-contaminated mine tailings, but it also demonstrates a method that can be used to address similar problems at other mine sites.

Inequalities in Complementary Feeding Programs in Randomized Intervention and Nonintervention Areas after Program Implementation in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam

BackgroundChildren in the 6–23-mo age group need to consume adequate energy and nutrients for healthy growth, brain development, cognition, and future productivity. Yet, large deficits remain. Complementary feeding practices can be improved on a large scale, but whether interventions reach and benefit disadvantaged mothers is not known. ObjectivesTo assess inequalities in complementary feeding practices and coverage following large-scale program implementation in 3 low- and middle-income countries. MethodsWe re-analyzed evaluation data from randomized controlled studies conducted in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam and calculated socioeconomic inequality using Erreygers index for intervention and nonintervention areas. Intervention coverage indicators were developed in each country for interpersonal communication, community mobilization, agricultural extension, and media. We compared the direction and magnitude of inequalities in intervention and nonintervention areas. ResultsAt the endline, coverage, and practices related to complementary feeding were better in intervention areas, but coverage and practices favored the better-off and more educated mothers. In Bangladesh, only 5, and in Vietnam, only 1 out of 16 coverage variables measured favored disadvantaged mothers or were neutral; in Ethiopia, out of 18 coverage variables measured, 11 favored disadvantaged mothers or were neutral, and in all 3 countries, only 5–6 variables out of 16 that were measured favored disadvantaged mothers or were neutral. ConclusionsInequalities exist both in how children in the 6–23-mo age group are fed and in programs aimed at improving complementary feeding practices. Programs favor the better-off and more educated mothers. We need to better understand context-specific program barriers and tailor targeted interventions to reach disadvantaged mothers.

Molecular characterization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in ready-to-eat food sold in supermarkets in Bobo-Dioulasso: case of charcuterie products

BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most widespread bacterial pathogens in animals and humans, and its role as an important causative agent of food poisoning is well-documented. The aim of this study was to highlight and characterize the resistance patterns of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in charcuterie products sold in selected supermarkets (SM) in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.MethodsIn this study, 72 samples including ham (n = 19), merguez (n = 22), sausage (n = 15) and minced meat (n = 16) were collected from 3 supermarkets. Standard microbiology methods were utilised to characterise S. aureus isolates. Phenotypic resistance patterns were investigated using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar. Genotypic testing using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the isolates to detect the 16S-23S gene. Using specific primers, the following genes PVL, TSST-1, mecA, gyrA, gyrB, qnrA, intI1 and aac(6’)-Ib-cr were identified from purified DNA by PCR.ResultsAmong the 72 ready-to-eat food samples, S. aureus was present in 51, (70.83%). The yield was highest in both the ham and merguez food products, 15/51 (29.41%) each, followed by minced meat 12/51 (23.53%) and sausage 9/51 (17.65%). A total of 35 isolates (68.63%) were confirmed as S. aureus after molecular characterization using 16–23 S primers with 05 (14.29%) strains identified as MRSA. All of the MRSA and majority of the methicillin-sensitive S.aureus (MSSA) isolates were resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin, whereas one isolate from minced meat was found in SM3-harbouring PVL, TSST-1, mecA, gyrA, gyrB and Int1 genes.ConclusionsOur study revealed a high prevalence of S. aureus in chacuterie products in Bobo-Dioulasso with antimicrobial profiles that show resistance to most antibiotics. These findings should inform and augment efforts to raise awareness among local supermarket owners on adequate food manufacturing practices as well as promoting food safety and hygiene.

Serving up FLAN. a food literacy and nutrition intervention to fend off food insecurity

BackgroundFood insecurity, an ongoing and accelerating problem in the U.S., is an economic and social condition involving limited or uncertain access to adequate food. Some of the highest rates of food insecurity in 2022 were found among individuals who were Hispanic/Latinx (20.8%), a population that already faces disproportionate health and socioeconomic disadvantages. There remains an urgent health-related need to identify sustainable strategies to prevent food insecurity in the Latinx population.MethodsA first-generation pilot investigation was conducted using data derived from a sub-study connected to the Computerized Physical Activity Support for Seniors (COMPASS) Trial, a 12-month cluster-randomized controlled trial among older Latinx adults. The sub-study focused on two nutrition interventions that included (1) the Food Literacy and Nutrition (FLAN) curriculum, and (2) a nutrition information-only control. Research hypotheses aimed to determine whether the FLAN intervention reduced food insecurity and increased daily fruit and vegetable servings.ResultsOn average, participants (n = 39) were 61.5 years of age (SD = 6.7), mostly female (69%), and reported Spanish as their primary language (69%). The FLAN intervention was associated with decreased odds of food insecurity at 12 months (AOR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54, 0.95; p = 0.03) when compared to the nutrition-information only control intervention. Although no between-group differences in daily fruit and vegetable servings were found, there was a significant correlation between changes in daily fruit and vegetable servings from baseline to six months and changes in food insecurity from baseline to 12 months (r = -0.51, p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe FLAN intervention, a bilingual and culturally tailored educational curriculum, yielded 12-month improvements in food security among a small sample of older Latinx adults. Evidence from this investigation highlights the potential utility of implementing the FLAN curriculum among individuals who are at an increased risk of food insecurity. Further investigation in a larger sample is merited to determine whether the 12-month decreases in food insecurity that were produced by the FLAN intervention can be replicated.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials gov Identifier: NCT02111213. Registered on 04/02/2014.

Associations Between Iron Intake and Behavior Problems in Early Adolescence

Due to a decline in diet quality during adolescence, youth are less likely to consume adequate nutrient dense foods to meet recommended requirements. Iron intake in particular is crucial for healthy physical and brain development in adolescence, but few studies have examined the role of iron intake in adolescents’ behavior problems. The current study examined the associations between iron intake and two types of behavior problems in early adolescents – aggression and rule breaking. The sample included 272 middle school students (Mage =12.08; 53% female; 47% Black, 37% White, 9% Hispanic, 6% other racial/ethnic group). Multivariate regression analyses adjusting for sociodemographic covariates revealed that higher iron intake was linked to lower aggressive behaviors (β = - .16, p &lt; .05), but was not associated with rule breaking. These findings support the role of iron intake in healthy behavioral development in adolescence.

The Use of Electronic Games to Treat Food Selectivity of A Six-Year-Old Child: a Study Case

Objective: To investigate if the use of electronic games can contribute to treat food selectivity of a six-year-old child, as of guidance provided to parents. Theoretical Framework: Interventive psychodiagnosis and family dynamics analysis. Method: Study case. Interviews, Child Behavior Checklist – 6 to 18 years old (CBCL), The Home Environment Resources Scale, guidance to parents and two electronic games were used to manage food selectivity. Results and Discussion: The results revealed behavioral change of parents and child regarding feeding and the child autonomy. The electronic games allowed to gradually expose the child to the solid foods, as well as differentiate them from the adequate foods to younger children, which favored the interest of experimenting new foods. Research Implications: The results can be applied or influence practices in the field of Psychology, Medicine, Education and Nutrition, encompassing assessment and intervention in the practice of professionals of the mentioned areas. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by using electronic games which can be created by the therapist and even the parents to manage food selectivity. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the positive results obtained, besides the innovative character of the use of new technologies to manage food selectivity.

The Potential of Two Phytoseiid Mites as Predators of the Grape Erineum Mite, Colomerus vitis.

Phytoseius plumifer (Canestrini and Fanzago) and Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) (Phytoseiidae) are generalist predatory mites important in controlling phytophagous mites on some agricultural crops. The biology of both species as potential biological control agents of the grape erineum mite, Colomerus vitis (Pagenstecher) (Eriophyidae) on grape leaf disks was studied in the laboratory at 33 ± 1 °C, 60%RH, 12:12 h L:D. The developmental time, survival, and reproductive parameters of P. plumifer and E. scutalis on C. vitis, date palm pollen as well as C. vitis plus date palm pollen were investigated. Both predators, P. plumifer and E. scutalis, thrived on the mixed diet of C. vitis and date palm pollen resulting in a shorter developmental time (6.16 and 6.69 days, respectively), higher oviposition rate (2.11 and 1.96 eggs/female/day, respectively), and higher intrinsic rate of increase (0.251 and 0.229 per female/day, respectively) than on any other diet. Date palm pollen was an adequate alternative food source for P. plumifer and E. scutalis. The results suggest that both predators have good potential to suppress C. vitis populations and that date palm pollen can support the population establishment of both predators in the absence or scarcity of the main prey in the environment. We discuss the relevance of our results for the biocontrol of C. vitis.

Impact of Simulated Caloric Reduction on Nutrient Adequacy Among U.S. Adults with Overweight or Obesity (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES] 2015–2018)

BackgroundCurrent guidelines for the treatment of obesity recommend dietary restriction to create a caloric deficit, and caloric reductions of 16% to 68% have been achieved in adults with overweight or obesity engaging in intentional weight loss programs. ObjectivesThis study models the impact of simulated caloric reduction on nutrient adequacy among U.S. adults ≥19 y with overweight or obesity using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2015–2018). MethodsFour levels of caloric reduction (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were modeled by prorating daily calorie intake such that usual intakes of 14 nutrients were reduced proportional to caloric reduction. The percentages below the estimated average requirement (EAR) or above the adequate intake (AI) were estimated at each level of caloric reduction, with and without dietary supplement use. Differences across percentages of simulated caloric reductions were determined using nonoverlapping confidence intervals of the means (97.5th percentile confidence intervals were used to approximate P < 0.05). ResultsThere were significant differences (P < 0.05) in percentages below the EAR (above the AI) between sequential levels of simulated caloric reduction for most of the nutrients analyzed (protein, vitamins A, B-6, folate, and C, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc). For example, after a simulated 30% caloric reduction, 25%–40% of the population had intakes below the EAR for protein, vitamin B-6, and zinc, and 75%–91% of the population had intakes below the EAR for vitamin A, calcium, and magnesium (vs. 4%–18% and 45%–56%, respectively, without caloric reduction). With the inclusion of dietary supplements, percentages below the EAR for all nutrients (except protein) were lower than those for food alone. ConclusionsCaloric reduction may exacerbate nutrient inadequacies among adults with overweight or obesity. Inclusion of nutrient-dense foods, fortified foods, specially formulated products, and/or dietary supplements should be considered for those on calorie-restricted diets for long-term weight loss.

Examining the determinants of food waste behavior in China at the consumer level

Food loss and waste are global problems for food security, as one-third of all food produced globally does not reach the consumer’s table. These numbers seem unreasonable when the data presented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2021 accounts for more than 800 million undernourished people and about 2.3 billion without access to adequate food throughout the year. This study examines the determinants of food waste behavior at the consumer level in China, the most populous country in the world. The survey used data from 3,857 online questionnaires of families living in selected Chinese metropolitan areas across all provinces. The research methodology used an ordered multinomial logit model to estimate the impact of the explanatory variables on the frequency and amount of household food waste. The results showed that food waste increased with income, age, and education but at a decreasing rate. Additionally, the demographic characteristics of households, food planning, and meal preparation had a statistically significant influence on food waste. The findings of this study, therefore, provide evidence that household food waste is highly dependent on people's behavior, and its reduction may depend on public policies and educational campaigns to make families aware of the problem.

The strategies pursued by urban households to cope with food insecurity: Insights from selected towns in Southern Ethiopia.

Food security has become a major global concern, particularly in urban areas where households are struggling to address the issue of basic necessities mainly food that crucially dictates human health. Overcoming these challenges will require effective management mechanisms to inform policy interventions and enhance resilience at both local and global levels. This study aimed to explore the coping strategies (CS) pursued by urban households in the Southern Ethiopia. Furthermore, the focus is on how households to cope with food insecurity and how using these strategies varies within households. A household survey questionnaire was conducted using a cross-sectional design, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. A total of 310 household heads were targeted for the required data acquisition with: The coping strategy index (CSI) to capture how people perceive and cope with food insecurity that threatens human health. The results indicate that households used the top seven CS to address the problem of food insecurity: limiting the size of portions at mealtimes (83.9%), depending on less expensive or seasonal foods (68.1%), reducing adult consumption (66.1%), reducing the amount of food consumed (65.8%), purchasing food on credit (60.3%), renting household assets (54.8%), and migrating household members for wage labor (53.5%). Moreover, the finding shows that the frequency of CS used by urban households in response to food insecurity is rated differently as never, rarely, sometimes, and more than 4 times per week. Therefore, targeted support programs for vulnerable groups should be implemented to ensure they receive adequate food during times of food insecurity wherein the victims' health status is imperatively to be bettered.

Planetary Health Diet Compared to Dutch Dietary Guidelines: Nutritional Content and Adequacy.

In 2019, the EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a Planetary Health Diet (PHD) to address challenges toward sustainable and healthy diets. However, its suitability within the Dutch context and a comparison with the Dutch Dietary Guidelines (DDG) needs investigation. Our study aimed to compare the PHD with DDG in terms of food groups, servings, nutritional content, and adequacy in adults. We modeled two theoretical diets, the PHD (PHD-NL) and another based on the DDG (DDG-NL), using the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (FCS-2016) and Dutch Food Composition Database to calculate the nutritional content and compared it with the Dutch Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). The PHD included higher quantities of vegetables, fish, legumes, and nuts, while the DDG suggested more significant amounts of cereals, tubers, starchy vegetables, dairy, and red meat. We observed differences in macronutrient distribution; while both diets lacked sufficient vitamin D, calcium content was lower in the PHD-NL. The PHD-NL had higher levels of fiber, vegetable protein, unsaturated fats, and non-heme iron, while vitamins B2, B6, B12, and calcium were lower than the DDG-NL diet. The PHD-NL has nutritional adequacy in the Dutch context, except for vitamin D and calcium, although it is essential to be cautious with iron because of the bioavailability of non-heme iron in plant-based diets. These findings have implications for the adoption of a sustainable diet according to nutritional requirements, population health status, and sociocultural context, as well as compliance with specific dietary behaviors of populations.

A critical review on garbhopghatkarabhava related to dietetics

Garbhopaghatakara Bhavas deals with concerns that may cause Upaghata (damage) to the growing fetus (Garbha). It includesAhara, viharaj and mansikfactors that are dangerous during pregnancy. Maternal Ahara has a crucial role in regulating maternal health and fetal growth. The word "Ambu" in Garbhasambhavasamagri refers to a nutrient-dense portion for good conceptus growth. Any defect in "Ambubhava" has a negative impact on pregnancy by preventing the growing fetus from receiving adequate nutrients. This paper discuss the Garbhopghatakarabhava related to Aharawith rationality. Scientific knowledge of these factors can improve birth outcomes by removing hazardous variables.

Food insecurity among college students: Administrators’ perspective

Objective: An estimated 21% to 58.8% of U.S. college student populations experience food insecurity (FI)—that is, limited or uncertain access to adequate food. Ameliorating this FI requires the involvement of college administrations. This study seeks to explore campus administrators’ understanding of—and support for—students who experience FI. Participants: Thirty administrators at a university on the West Coast participated in semi-structured interviews. Methods: All interviews were transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analyzed using the grounded theory approach. Results: Though participants understood the concept of FI, the majority underestimated the scope of the problem and didn’t believe it had been treated as a priority. They identified competing resources and concerns, along with other factors like low awareness, as barriers to addressing FI. Conclusion: Although administrators were aware of the existence of FI on their campus, this study’s results allude to the importance of providing further necessary FI education for administrators.