Adequate Conditions Research Articles

Indoor Microclimatic Conditions and Air Pollutant Concentrations in the Archaeological Museum of Abdera, Greece

Indoor microclimate conditions and air pollutant concentrations (O3, TVOC, CO, CO2, and particulate matter mass concentrations in six size bins) were measured in the Greek Archaeological Museum of Abdera, which houses priceless works of art from the birthplace of the ancient philosopher Democritus. The monitoring campaign took place during the spring and summer months, when there were the greatest number of visitors. In the exhibition rooms, daily variations in relative humidity ranged from 4% to 10%, and daily variations in air temperature ranged from 0.9 °C to 2.6 °C. These uncontrolled changes may endanger the housed antiquities. The microclimate in the storage rooms varied substantially less than in the exhibition halls due to dehumidifiers and the lack of visitors. Concerning air pollution, indoor O3 concentrations were higher than the recommended limit values for the conservation of artwork. Even more worrisome are particulate matter mass concentrations above the air quality guidelines. Despite the fact that the building is well insulated and that only artificial lighting is used in the exhibition halls, it is difficult to achieve adequate conditions for the protection of the works of art.

Enzymatic Activity in Different Crop Succession Systems in the Cerrado Region

The enzymatic activity of soil arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase enzymes are biological parameters used to measure the biological activity of soils, an important tool for identifying disturbances in agricultural systems, as they are more sensitive to differentiate changes in soil management when compared to physical and chemical attributes. Thus, the aim was to evaluate arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase levels in different succession systems. Soil samples were collected in agricultural areas with 5 years of experimentation, with four treatments: (1) soybean/corn + brachiaria (Urochloa ruzizienses), (2) soybean/corn, (3) soybean/brachiaria (Urochloa ruzizienses) and (4) soybean/millet. Routine chemical analyses were performed, and the determination of β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase was carried out according to the p-nitrophenyl colorimetric method. As a result, both enzymes presented higher average values in treatment 3. In the biological IQS, treatment 3 differed from treatments 1 and 2. Under the study circumstances, the use of soil with soybean, corn, millet and brachiaria crops provided adequate sustainability conditions, providing high arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase levels.

Using Multidisciplinary Teams to Improve Outcomes for Treating Chronic-Limb Threatening Ischemia

Multidisciplinary teams are necessary to treat complex patients with Chronic LimbThreatening Ischemia (CLTI). The need for adequate wound care and control ofcomorbid conditions cannot be accomplished by the vascular specialist alone.Numerous specialties have a role in this group to include surgical podiatrists, orthopedic surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery endocrinology, and wound care.However, the vascular specialist must drive this team as the patients are usuallyreferred to them and numerous studies have shown a direct correlation between majoramputations and the lack of vascular involvement. Creating these teams is unique ineach community and must consider practice patterns that are relevant in thelocal region. CLTI is a challenging disease to manage, and multidisciplinary teamshave demonstrated an ability to improve outcomes and deliver superior care to thispatient population.

Post-cessation interventions for preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure associated with proteinuria or hypertension with or without proteinuria, it can complicate pregnancy affecting multiple organs and systems, being a high risk for the mother and fetus. They generally conclude in abdominal surgical delivery called cesarean section, which leads to various alterations in the patient's health. Objective: Expose the nursing interventions in the maintenance of tissue perfusion in post-cesarean patients due to preeclampsia.Methodology: Study qualitative clinical case, 15-year-old patient selected for convenience; In which the Nursing Care Process (PAE) was applied as a methodology and the data collection instrument was the assessment sheet according to the eleven functional patterns of Marjory Gordon. Results: Twelve nursing diagnoses were recognized, among them the main diagnosis was prioritized: ineffective tissue perfusion associated with M / P hypertension, alteration of skin characteristics and edema. Therefore, scientifically supported nursing interventions were planned that achieved favorable results in the patient. With regard to the main CR, malignant hypertension, an adequate health condition has been maintained but the risk remains in the following hours. Conclusions: The clinical condition of the post-cesarean patient with preeclampsia and eclampsia was identified, considering nursing interventions according to standardized diagnoses, achieving favorable results. The patient is being cared for because the risk of malignant hypertension persists.

Analysis of coupled system of q$$ q $$‐fractional Langevin differential equations with q$$ q $$‐fractional integral conditions

In this dissertation, we study the coupled system of ‐fractional Langevin differential equations involving ‐Caputo derivative having ‐fractional integral conditions. With the help of some adequate conditions, we investigate the uniqueness and existence of mild solution of the aforementioned system. We also analyze various kinds of Ulam's stability. Banach fixed point theorem and Leray–Schauder of cone type are used to illustrate the existence and uniqueness results. We also used non‐linear functional analysis methods to explore variety of stability types. An example is provided to clearly demonstrate our theoretical outcomes.

A method to predict space radiation biological effectiveness for non-cancer effects following intense Solar Particle Events

In addition to the continuous exposure to cosmic rays, astronauts in space are occasionally exposed to Solar Particle Events (SPE), which involve less energetic particles but can deliver much higher doses. The latter can exceed several Gy in a few hours for the most intense SPEs, for which non-stochastic effects are thus a major concern. To identify adequate shielding conditions that would allow respecting the dose limits established by the various space agencies, the absorbed dose in the considered organ/tissue must be multiplied by the corresponding Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE), which is a complex quantity depending on several factors including particle type and energy, considered biological effect, level of effect (and thus absorbed dose), etc.While in several studies only the particle-type dependence of RBE is taken into account, in this work we developed and applied a new approach where, thanks to an interface between the FLUKA Monte Carlo transport code and the BIANCA biophysical model, the RBE dependence on particle energy and absorbed dose was also considered. Furthermore, we included in the considered SPE spectra primary particles heavier than protons, which in many studies are neglected. This approach was then applied to the October 2003 SPE (the most intense SPE of solar cycle 23, also known as “Halloween event”) and the January 2005 event, which was characterized by a lower fluence but a harder spectrum, i.e., with higher-energy particles. The calculation outcomes were then discussed and compared with the current dose limits established for skin and blood forming organs in case of 30-days missions.This work showed that the BIANCA model, if interfaced to a radiation transport code, can be used to calculate the RBE values associated to Solar Particle Events. More generally, this work emphasizes the importance of taking into account the RBE dependence on particle energy and dose when calculating equivalent doses.

Pengaruh Desain Stasiun Kerja Dengan Pendekatan Participatory Ergonomics untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Karyawan: Studi Kasus SMK Az-Zawiyah Tanjung Batu

In the context of education, the success of an institution is not only determined by the quality of curriculum and teaching, but also by adequate working environment conditions. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of workstation design with a participatory ergonomics approach on employee productivity in the teachers' room and principal's room. The result of this study is that there is an influence of workstation design elements, layout and physical environment on the application of Participatory Ergonomics in improving employee productivity of SMK Az-Zawiyah Tanjung Batu. This is because the sig t value of the workstation design variable is 0,007 < α = 0,05, the layout variable is 0,012 < α = 0,05, and the physical environment variable is 0,009 < α = 0,05. There is a joint influence (simultaneously) elements of workstation design, layout, and physical environment on employee productivity SMK Az-Zawiyah Tanjung Batu this is because the sig value F variable workstation design, layout, and physical environment amounted to < 0,001 < α = 0,05.

Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Fasilitas Rumah Sakit terhadap Motivasi Kerja Perawat di RSGM Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama)

Background : Nurses are the most important human resource in hospitals in terms of carrying out various efforts aimed at optimizing the quality of nurse skills and providing health service to the community. One of the good performance of nurses is influence by the level of enthusiasm or motivation of nurses at work. High motivation can be supported through the competence that nurses have and adequate working condition to make work easier. Objective : Improve the work motivation of nurses by analyzing the influence of competence on the work motivation of nurses, analyzing the hospital facilities on the work motivation of nurses, and analyzing the influence competence and hospital facilities towards work motivation of nurses at RSGM Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama). Materials and Methods : Research is a correlational research using a quantitative approach, descriptive-inferential statistical analysis method, and data analysis technique of correlation and regression in both single and multiple. The sample in this research was dental nurses at RSGM Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) in total of 50 people. Sample was performed using non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. Research Result : Indicate that the competence of nurses has an positive and significant influence to the level of work motivation of nurses at RSGM Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) and hospital facilities have a positive and significant influence on the work motivation of nurses at RSGM Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) as well. Conclusion : Competence and hospital facilities simultaneously and significantly have an influence on the work motivation of nurses at RSGM Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama).

Refugee women’s and providers’ perceptions of person-centered maternity care: a qualitative study in two refugee camps in Chad

BackgroundGlobally, mistreatment of women during labor and delivery is a common human rights violation. Person-centered maternity care (PCMC), a critical component of quality of care, is respectful and responsive to an individual’s needs and preferences. Factors related to poor PCMC are often exacerbated in humanitarian settings.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study to understand Sudanese refugee women’s experiences, including their perceptions of quality of care, during labor and delivery at the maternities in two refugee camps in eastern Chad, as well as maternity health workers’ perceptions of PCMC and how they could be better supported to provide this. In-depth interviews were conducted individually with 22 women who delivered in the camp maternities and five trained midwives working in the two maternities; and in six dyads with a total of 11 Sudanese refugee traditional birth attendants and one assistant midwife. In addition, facility assessments were conducted at each maternity to determine their capacity to provide PCMC.ResultsOverall, women reported positive experiences in the camp maternities during labor and delivery. Providers overwhelmingly defined respectful care as patient-centered and respect as being something fundamental to their role as health workers. While very few reported incidents of disrespect between providers and patients in the maternity, resource constraints, including overwork of the providers and overcrowding, resulted in some women feeling neglected.ConclusionsDespite providers’ commitment to offering person-centered care and women’s generally positive experiences in this study, one of few that explored PCMC in a refugee camp, conflict and displacement exacerbates the conditions that contribute to mistreatment during labor and delivery. Good PCMC requires organizational emphasis and support, including adequate working conditions and ensuring suitable resources so health workers can effectively perform.

Pulsed‐Laser‐Driven CO2 Reduction Reaction for the Control of the Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of Organometallic Gold Nanocomposites

Over the last decade, the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been increasingly exploited for the synthesis of high‐value raw materials in gaseous or liquid form, although no examples of CO2 fixation in nanoparticle systems have been demonstrated. Herein, CO2 fixation into solid nanomaterials by laser synthesis and processing of gold colloids in water, traditionally considered a green approach leading to ligand‐free nanoparticles without the formation of by‐products, is reported. If carbon monoxide‐rich gold nanoparticles are observable even after synthesis in deionized water, the presence of CO2 derivatives in alkaline water environment leads to C2 and C3 coupling with the production of carboxylic acids as a typical CO2RR fingerprint. While laser processing of preformed gold colloids is selective for C2 coupling, both C2 and C3 coupling to lactic acid are observed during pulsed laser ablation of a gold target. In the latter case, it is demonstrated that it is possible to synthesize photoluminescent organometallic nanocomposites in the blue spectral region with a quantum yield of about 20% under adequate experimental conditions. In this research, new pathways are offered to be explored in energetics, photonics, catalysis, and synthesis at the nanoscale.

Trichoderma koningiopsis fermentation in airlift bioreactor for bioherbicide production.

During scaling of fermentations, choosing a bioreactor is fundamental to ensure the product's quality. This study aims to produce bioherbicides using Trichoderma koningiopsis fermentation, evaluating process parameters in an Airlift bioreactor. As a response, we quantified the production of enzymes involved in the bioherbicide activity (amylase, cellulase, laccase, lipase, and peroxidase). In addition, it evaluated the agronomic efficiency of the fermented extract optimized through tests that promoted soybean growth and nodulation, soybean seed germination, and in vitro phytopathogen control. As a result of optimizing the scaling bioprocess, it was possible to obtain an adequate fermentation condition, which, when applied to soybean seeds, had beneficial effects on their growth. It allowed the production of an enzyme cocktail. These results add a crucial biotechnological potential factor for the success of the optimized formulation in the Airlift bioreactor, in addition to presenting relevant results for the scientific community.

A statistical analysis of causal decomposition methods applied to Earth system time series

Causal Decomposition (CD) constitutes a novel and widely accepted method for discovering and quantifying the internal causal relationships inherent to complex systems. This new causality bases not on time nor state. Instead, it relies on instantaneous phase coherence between the corresponding Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) of the signals, obtained via Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). In this paper we compare the results obtained with two noise-assisted methods: Ensemble EMD (EEMD) and Noise Assisted Multivariate EMD (NA-MEMD). Given the inherent stochastic nature of noise-assisted methods, CD was treated as a randomized experiment. Hence, we repeated procedures to perform a robust statistical analysis. Confidence intervals, adequate normality conditions and differential causality hypothesis testing were then evaluated. The methodology was adjusted through the paradigmatic case of a forced mechanical oscillator, since the causal implications are known in advance. CD was then applied to a couple of series from the Earth system: insolation and oxygen isotope rate. Differential causality was established in favor of insolation at the frequency corresponding to the obliquity cycle. The apparent causality detected with EEMD on other time scales was discarded and attributed to a mode mixing problem. Therefore, NA-MEMD outperformed EEMD with less mode mixing and sharper mode alignment.

Business responsibility and government complicity in environmental conflicts: a quali-quantitative analysis of global patterns

ABSTRACT Our paper aims at widening political ecology research on business’ responsibility and public governance conditions in cases of violation of Environmental-related Human Rights (ERs), by adopting a quantitative perspective. We focused on a subset of socio-environmental conflicts (SECs) that directly connect with the violations of ERs. We propose a quali-quantitative analysis to explore the country distribution of the incidence of violations of ERs leading to SECs (VERCs) worldwide; the extent to which these can be associated with the involvement of business companies; and the general governance conditions spatially associated with the emergence of VERCs, regardless of the involvement of businesses. Through statistical regression analysis, we showed that the evidence of business’ implication in VERCs and of the lack of adequate public governance conditions suggest the need to complexify our perspective with a more nuanced understanding of the patterns of liability and complicity between diverse actors involved in SECs.

Sharing Is Caring: Exploring Distributed Solar Photovoltaics and Local Electricity Consumption through a Renewable Energy Community

Renewable Energy Communities (REC) can play a crucial role in enhancing citizen participation in the energy transition. Current European Union legislation enshrines energy communities and mandates Member States to encourage these organizations, promoting adequate conditions for their establishment. Nevertheless, uptake has been slow, and more research is needed to optimize the associated energy sharing. Using a Portuguese case study (REC Telheiras, Lisbon), this research aims to match local generation through four photovoltaic systems (totalizing 156.5 kWp of installed capacity) with household electricity consumption while cross evaluating the Portuguese legislation for energy sharing. The latter aim compares two scenarios: (a) current legislation (generated energy must be locally self-consumed before shared) and (b) equal share for members with a fixed coefficient. The evaluation is performed according to two indexes of self-consumption (SCI) and self-sufficiency (SSI), related to the simulation of four photovoltaic systems in public buildings, their associated consumption profiles, and an average household consumption profile of community members. The results show that, while maximizing self-consumption for the same values of generation and consumption, the number of participants is considerably lower for Scenario A (SCI = 100% is achieved with at least 491 residential members in Scenario A and 583 in Scenario B), implying that legislative changes enabling energy communities to better tailor sharing schemes may be necessary for them to become more attractive. The methods and results of this research can also be applied to other types of facilities, e.g., industrial and commercial consumers, if they are members of a REC and have smart meters in their installations.

Truncated predictive tracking control design for semi-Markovian jump systems with time-varying input delays

A state tracking control problem for a class of semi-Markovian jump systems (SMJSs) with input delay and disturbances is addressed in this study. In particular, an improved-equivalent-input-disturbance estimator approach (IEIDEA)-based truncated predictive controller is designed to synchronously compensate the effect of unknown external disturbances and time-varying delay. Specifically, by making use of IEIDEA, the unknown disturbances are estimated with high precision and incorporated into the control input channel, which eases the way to achieve the desired tracking performances. Specifically, the state predictor satisfies the delay-free state-space equation and is used in controller design along with prediction. In accordance with linear matrix inequality framework and Lyapunov stability theory, a set of adequate conditions are established to guarantee the state tracking performance of SMJSs. Finally, the numerical examples with simulation results are provided to validate the efficacy and practicability of the established control technique.

Design, Validation, and Fabrication of a Tailored Electrochemical Reactor Using 3D Printing for Studies of Commercial Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes.

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are the most effective and resistant electrodic materials to perform advanced oxidation processes. Having a reactor that can provide adequate hydrodynamic conditions is mandatory to use these electrodes effectively. In this work, the diamond anode electrochemical reactor (E3L-DAER) is designed to fulfill this necessity. Several features are included to improve its efficiency, like conic inlet/outlet, flow enhancers, and a reduced interelectrode gap. The fluid dynamic validation has been performed using computer fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations, residence time distribution (RDT) curves, and mass transfer analysis. The reactor has been made using a three-dimensional (3D) printing stereolithography (SLA) technique, which allows us to build chemical-resistant reactors with nonstandard and tailored features in a cheap and fast way. The obtained results demonstrate that the designed reactor has the required fluid dynamics properties to perform reliable BDD electrode studies and applications. Finally, a BDD electrode was used to test the production of different oxidants such as persulfate, peroxophosphate, and chlorine-derived species.

Development of a Plant-Based Beverage with Synbiotic Potential Using Anthocyanin-Rich Fruits

ABSTRACT The complex composition and high acidity of anthocyanin-rich fruit beverages are challenging factors for the viability of probiotics and the sensory properties of potential synbiotic beverages. The purpose of this study e was to determine a set of adequate conditions to obtain a plant-based beverage with synbiotic potential containing anthocyanins. A fruit beverage was formulated, and one of four potential prebiotic fibers was selected based on physicochemical changes and the assessment of prebiotic index and activity of the fibers toward two different potential probiotic starters. A conglomerate of probiotics (Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were selected as an adequate probiotic/prebiotic combination. The product demonstrated preservation of anthocyanins content, synbiotic potential, microbiological safety, and good consumer acceptability, containing viable counts > 3 log higher than the minimum dose established to guarantee a probiotic effect during all shelf life (28 days).

ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ ШКОЛИ В УМОВАХ НЕПОВНОЇ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ ДЛЯ РІЗНИХ РЕЖИМІВ ОПАЛЕННЯ ПРИМІЩЕНЬ

The challenges facing the Ukrainian education system, particularly in light of demo-graphic changes and the impact of war, are examined in this research. It highlights the poten-tial for optimizing the operation modes of school buildings under conditions of partial occu-pancy to reduce energy consumption and ensure comfortable conditions for students. Energy modeling analysis using DesignBuilder software shows that the configuration of classrooms significantly impacts the energy efficiency of buildings. The best results for energy efficiency were achieved with rooms stacked on top of each other, outperforming the variant with three rooms on the middle floor by 22.3%, and mixed configurations by 8.5% and 16%. This efficiency is due to minimized contact with unheated premises and maximized solar heat gains. However, without appropriate building upgrades, the use of limited spaces may not provide adequate comfort conditions in colder periods. For the rooms studied (45-48m^2), the required heating device capacity to maintain comfortable conditions varies from 7.5 to 10.5 kW, depending on the level of insulation, which is 3-5 times more than the standard capacity for such spaces. Providing comfortable conditions without upgrading the heating system in cold periods is unfeasible, even with high levels of building insulation and a constant heating schedule. Therefore, implementing partial use of school buildings, despite their high potential for en-ergy savings, cannot satisfy student comfort needs without corresponding improvements. Future research could provide a foundation for developing comprehensive strategies for managing school spaces, considering variable building usage conditions and ensuring an optimal combination of energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and comfort for students and staff. The findings can be useful for school administrations, local educational authorities, and policymakers in education and energy efficiency. Further studies are suggested to explore the impact of internal wall insulation, increased heating device capacity, and heating uncondi-tioned rooms to a certain temperature level on energy efficiency and comfort conditions in occupied spaces.

Cooling operation strategies in a typical neighborhood mosque: A Case study on electricity consumption, CO2 emissions, and thermal comfort

Mosques are used five times daily by Muslims. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain adequate thermal conditions in mosques in the hot summer months. In this study, a simulation model was developed in the DesignBuilder program to investigate various operation strategies of two air conditioners (A/Cs) used for cooling of a typical medium-sized uninsulated neighborhood mosque. The A/Cs operation strategies were as follows: Case-I: continuous A/Cs operation, Case-II: intermittent A/Cs operation during prayer times (starting 10, 20, 30 or 60 min before daily prayers except Fajr prayers), Case-III: A/Cs operating at night (from the Isha prayer until the end of the Fajr prayer), Case-IV: A/Cs operated during the day (from the Fajr prayer to the end of the Isha prayer), and Case-V: A/Cs operated during the afternoon (from the Zuhr prayer until the end of the Isha prayer). The predicted percentage of dissatisfied reached up to 30 % during the Asr prayer despite continuous operation in Case-I. Adequate thermal conditions could not be achieved in the other cases either. All cases, except Case-II (operation before and during prayer times), required higher electricity consumption than that of the invoice data. Therefore, it is recommended to adapt the A/Cs capacity based on changes in outdoor and indoor thermal conditions and focus on zonal cooling in the mosque.

New Insights on Bidirectional Associative Memory Neural Networks with Leakage Delay Components and Time-Varying Delays Using Sampled-Data Control

The sampling data control of bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural network with leakage delay is considered in this article. The BAM model is viewed as a mixed delay that combines a distributed delay, a discrete delay that varies over time, and a delay in the leaking period. The sampling system is then converted to a continuous time-delay system using an input delay method. In order to get adequate conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs), we build a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii Functional (LKF) in conjunction with the free weight matrix approach. Finally, a simulation results are given to show the efficiency of the theoretical approach.