Food Consumption Adequacy Research Articles

Health-Related Lifestyles among University Students: Focusing on Eating Habits and Physical Activity

The transition to higher education at University is a critical moment for young adults to acquire unhealthy habits regarding physical activity (PA) and adherence to a healthy diet. Negative behaviors might be maintained in the years to come with a major risk of suffering from a Non-Communicable Disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and PA in the student community of University of Milano-Bicocca. Students between 18 and 30 years old completed an online survey (6949 students). Two analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), chi-square tests of independence, and a binomial logistic regression were performed to examine the relationship between adequacy of food consumption and PA, in association also with sociodemographic characteristics. Data show a strong correlation between behaviors analyzed, with a proportional positive association between PA and healthy diet. Nevertheless, a third of the sample students incur in incorrect habits for both diet and PA. Further, students performing intensive PA have the healthiest food consumption in general but the worst red meat and pork intake. Accordingly, men practice more PA but have a less adequate diet, exactly contrary to women. In conclusion, policies promoting consciousness of well-being would transform Universities into healthy hubs for virtuous habits.

FOOD TOLERANCE AND NUTRITIONAL RISK AFTER SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY AND ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH SEVERE OBESITY: A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.

Bariatric surgery is still controversial in elderly patients with severe obesity. Most publications focus on safety and early clinical outcomes. Food tolerance and nutritional postoperative risk is unknown for this population. Thirty-six elderly patients with severe obesity were recruited for an open-label randomized trial from September 2017 to May 2019 comparing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB). Food tolerance was accessed by Quality of Alimentation (QoA) questionnaire and data on weight loss, body composition, and nutritional risk were collected between 6 and 24 months after surgery. Comparing LSG to LRYGB patients, the latter had higher total weight loss (22% vs 31%, P=0.01) and excess weight loss (53% vs 68%, P=0.01). Food tolerance to eight food groups was similar between groups (14 vs 15 points, P=0.270), as Suter score (23 vs 25, P=0.238). Daily protein intake was below recommendation in both groups (40 vs 51 g/d, P=0.105). Nutritional risk, evaluated through Standardized Phase Angle (-1.48 vs -1.99, P=0.027), was worse for LRYGB group. Food tolerance and adequacy of food consumption were similar in both groups. LRYGB patients had higher nutritional risk.

Relationship between quality of life and food consumption among gym physical activity practitioners

Abstract Background The concern related quality of life has awakened in society the search for a healthier lifestyle, through physical activity and better eating habits. Gym practitioners are particularly predisposed to the pursuit of well-being and quality and life. To analyse the relationship between the adequacy of food consumption and the quality of life among gym practitioners. Methods Data collection was carried out in a single moment through an online questionnaire. Information about age, gender, geographic region, educational level, food consumption and quality of life was collected. To characterize food consumption Portuguese food guide were used, and for the characterization of quality of life, the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was applied. Results There were no differences in quality of life (total score) related to the adequacy of the seven groups of Portuguese food guide. The same is not true for the different quality of life domains. Individuals who consume ‘Legumes’ above the recommended are those with the best psychological domain score (P = 0.010). Individuals who have a consumption above the recommended of the groups ‘Cereals, derivatives and Tubers’ and ‘Fats and oils’ have a better score in the social domain, respectively (P = 0.025) and (P = 0.020). The individuals with a water intake above the recommended were those who obtained a higher score in all domains: the physical domain (P = 0.003), psychological domain (P < 0.001), social domain (P = 0.002) and environmental domain (P = 0.002). Conclusions Food consumption seems not influence quality of life of gym practitioners, however future research should be conducted to clarify some associations related to proper domains.

Adequacy of food consumption in elderly Alzheimer’s disease in a community of Southern Brazil: a Cross-sectional study

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, with a multifactorial etiology, in which the person has great difficulty identifying feelings of hunger, satiety, and feeding, which may affect their nutritional status. Pathologically, it is associated with neurodegeneration of synapses followed by neuronal loss, accompanied by glial proliferation surrounded by neurofibrillary tangles, beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposition, inflammation and cerebrovascular injury hindering the ability to perform activities of daily living. This study aimed to analyze quantitatively the differences between an elderly group with AD and a control group, in terms of macro and micronutrient consumption evaluation. Methods: the study involved 69 participants who were assessed via collection of anthropometric measurements (weight, height and body mass index) with nutritional status being assessed by 24-hour food recall and three-day food record. Cognitive assessments were performed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Ranting (CDR). Results: The intake of lipids in patients with severe dementia, was lower (p <0.05). The consumption of proteins showed a decrease with demential advance. For vitamins, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in the amount of thiamine, niacin, vitamin D, E and K and calcium, chromium and iodine minerals, which were significantly reduced in AD patients (p <0.05). Conclusions: Decreases in macronutrient and micronutrient consumption may result in a consequent impairment of nutritional status, dementia progression, and decreased quality and life expectancy of elderly patients with AD.

The effects of household assets inequality and conflict on population health in Sudan

We explored the effects on health of both household asset inequality and political armed conflict in Sudan. Using the 2010 Sudan household survey, we evaluated the role of both household asset distribution (measured by the Gini coefficient) and armed conflict status at the state level. We measured associations with six health-related outcomes: life expectancy, infant mortality, height-for-age (stunting), adequacy of food consumption, teenage birth rates and vaccination coverage for young children. For each of six measures of health in Sudan, outcomes were significantly worse in the states with more unequal asset distribution, with correlation coefficients ranging between -0.56 (stunting) and -0.80 (life expectancy). Conflict status predicted worse outcomes. Wealth redistribution in the more unequal states, as well as a political resolution of conflict, may improve population health.

The effects of household assets inequality and conflict on population health in Sudan

We explored the effects on health of both household asset inequality and political armed conflict in Sudan. Using the 2010 Sudan household survey, we evaluated the role of both household asset distribution (measured by the Gini coefficient) and armed conflict status at the state level. We measured associations with six health-related outcomes: life expectancy, infant mortality, height-for-age (stunting), adequacy of food consumption, teenage birth rates and vaccination coverage for young children. For each of six measures of health in Sudan, outcomes were significantly worse in the states with more unequal asset distribution, with correlation coefficients ranging between -0.56 (stunting) and -0.80 (life expectancy). Conflict status predicted worse outcomes. Wealth redistribution in the more unequal states, as well as a political resolution of conflict, may improve population health.

The effects of household assets inequality and conflict on population health in Sudan

We explored the effects on health of both household asset inequality and political armed conflict in Sudan. Using the 2010 Sudan household survey, we evaluated the role of both household asset distribution (measured by the Gini coefficient) and armed conflict status at the state level. We measured associations with six health-related outcomes: life expectancy, infant mortality, height-for-age (stunting), adequacy of food consumption, teenage birth rates and vaccination coverage for young children. For each of six measures of health in Sudan, outcomes were significantly worse in the states with more unequal asset distribution, with correlation coefficients ranging between -0.56 (stunting) and -0.80 (life expectancy). Conflict status predicted worse outcomes. Wealth redistribution in the more unequal states, as well as a political resolution of conflict, may improve population health.

Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi Terhadap Sisa Makan Pasien Dengan Diet Makanan Biasa

Background : Patient acceptability of the food served can be seen from the leftovers. Data leftovers are generally used to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education programs, activities and food service, as well as the adequacy of food consumption on a group or individualObjective : Determine the effect of nutrition education on eating the rest of the patients with usual diet in the class III Inpatient Hospital Kalidjaga Sunan DemakMethod : This research is penilitian Quasi- Experiment with design Nonequivalen control group design. independent variable is nutrition education, while the dependent variable is the leftovers. The study subjects who used a number of 48 people were divided into treatment group and control group 24 persons 24 persons. Bivariate analysis used were paired t - test and independent t - test. The rest of the food was measured by the method comstok patients to determine the effect of education on food waste.Results : The rest of the patients before and after food nutrition education for patients (control group) by an average of 32.17 and 20:25 . The rest of the patients before and after food without nutrition education hospitalized patients (group treatments) by an average of 22:29 and 12.96.Conclusion : Differences leftovers patients at initial measurement (before education) and the final measurement (after education) in the treatment group gained an average of 9,333. Differences leftovers patients at the end of the initial measurements and measurements obtained in the absence of the provision of education on average 11, 917. Differences leftovers patients in the treatment group and the control group by 7,292. There are differences in the group of patients leftovers with nutrition education and nutrition education group in hospitals without Kalidjaga Sunan Demak years 2014secara significant with p - value: 0.000.

Obesity coexists with malnutrition? Adequacy of food consumption by severely obese patients to dietary reference intake recommendations.

To assess the adequacy of food intake in severely obese patients and describe their main nutritional deficiencies on the basis of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Patients on a waiting list for bariatric surgery were sequentially recruited from March 2010 to November 2011. All subjects underwent nutritional status assessment (anthropometry, dietary recall and semi-structured interview), socioeconomic evaluation (Brazilian Association of Research Companies criteria) and laboratory testing (glucose/hormone/lipid panel). A total of 77 patients were assessed, 50 of whom (76.6%) were female. Mean age was 44.48 ± 12.55 years. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (72.4%), binge eating disorder (47.4%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (32.9%), sleep apnea (30.3%) and dyslipidemia (18.4%). Macronutrient intake was largely adequate, in view of the high calorie intake. However, some micronutrient deficiencies were present. Only 19.5% of patients had an adequate intake of potassium, 26.0% of calcium, and 66.2% of iron. All subjects consumed more than the minimum recommended intake of sodium, with 98.7% reaching the upper limit. Bcomplex vitamin intake was satisfactory (adequate in >80% of subjects), but lipid-soluble vitamin (A, D, E) intake often fell short of the RDI. The diet of severely obese patients is unbalanced, with high calorie intake paralleled by insufficient micronutrient intake. When these patients are assessed and managed, qualitative dietary changes should be considered in addition to routine caloric restriction.

Dual burden of malnutrition in mother-child pairs of the same household: Effect of nutrition transition

This paper explores the dual form of malnutrition existing in the same household i.e. occurrence of both under-nutrition and overnutrition together and determining the adequacy of food consumption in mother-child pairs.30 mother-child pairs were included in the study. Nutritional status was assessed by WHO criterion. 50% of mothers were aged between 25-30 years, 36.7% had graduated. The prevalence of overweight mothers-underweight child pair was found to be 23%. Significant difference was reported between the intake adequacy of cereals, vegetables, fats and oils, carbohydrate, invisible fat, visible fat, total fat and fiber, among the mother-child pairs. Also MAR (Mean Adequacy Ratio) of nutrients revealed that mothers had significantly better nutritional adequacy than children (p=0.01). Therefore, mothers had a better nutritional status when compared with children. Dual form of malnutrition exists within the same household and the food intake adequacy of the child is influenced by mother’s food intake. Key words: malnutrition, dual-burden, mother-child pair, nutrient adequacy, nutrition transition

Subjective Data in a Test of the Life Cycle Model

The life cycle model is a cornerstone model in modern micro– and macro economics. The life cycle model offers a rationale for savings behavior, as individuals or households are assumed to value future utility in current period decisionmaking. A frequently employed test on the validity of the life cycle model is based on the orthogonality conditions implied by the first order condition of the problem: the Euler equation of consumption (Hall 1978). Such tests are convenient as they do not rely on a specification of income processes for example. Conventional approaches subsequently define preferences (i.e., the marginal rate of substitution between future and current consumption) and test the empirical validity of this –one specific– parameterization of the model. In this paper I propose “self-reported changes in food consumption adequacy” as a direct proxy for the marginal rate of substitution of food consumption in two consecutive periods. Indonesian households were asked to rate the change in the adequacy of food consumption from a year ago until now on a five-point scale. The methodology has two clear advantages over conventional approaches. First, the test does not rely on ex ante specified preferences, such that it scrutinizes the validity of a life cycle model of unknown form (e.g., habit formation, within period nonseparabilities, etc. are implicitly allowed for). 1 Secondly, conventional tests may suffer from low power as it can be difficult to statistically distinguish an “extended life cycle model” from alternative theories of behavior. In this paper, I strongly reject the life cycle model with constant discount rates. The model with house