Adelaide Children Research Articles

THE OBESE CHILD OBSERVATIONS IN THE GYMNASIUM OF THE ADELAIDE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

This study reviews 107 obese children who were referred to the gymnasium of the Adelaide Children's Hospital. The majority had multiple handicaps. The treatment involved physical activities in small groups associated with counselling of parents (both individually and in groups) by social workers, dietitians, and doctors. A significant number of children were helped by the programme, showing not only a reduction in weight but also improvement in behaviour and attitude. Some children exhibited a hypoactive form of minimal cerebral dysfunction, which is postulated as a new risk factor in the development of childhood obesity. The importance of prevention is emphasized.

Two cases of mucopolysaccharidosis

Case 1 An obese 6-yr-old boy was rejected from the Paeroa School for Intellectually Handicapped Children because of the development of severe mental deficiency. Facial fullness and wedging of the first lumbar vertebra prompted the forwarding of urine to the University of Auckland. The urinary mucopolysaccharide output was reported to be 15 times greater than normal, with an excess of dermatan sulphate over heparan sulphate. A fibroblast skin biopsy was sent to the Adelaide Children’s Hospital in 1977. This was reported as showing zero Iduronosyl sulphate sulphatase levels consistent with Hunter’s syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis type II). Currently, frozen leucocytes have been sent to Adelaide from female relatives for enzyme studies. Case 2 Beaking of the first and second lumbar vertebrae was noted in a Maori boy of 5 mth in 1974. He was being investigated at Waikato Hospital for persistent pulmonary infection. The urinary mucopolysaccharides were found to be largely heparan. In 1976 a fibroblast skin biopsy was studied at the Department of Community Health, Auckland, by cross correction studies. In 1978 a further skin biopsy was taken and forwarded to the Adelaide Children’s Hospital for enzyme studies. With heparan sulphamidase virtually absent the case has been defined as Sanfilippo type A (Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA).

Proceedings of the Australian Society for Medical Research.

Proceedings of the Australian Society for Medical Research.

The clumsy child: observations in cases referred to the gymnasium of the Adelaide Children's Hospital over a three-year period.

Group treatment of clumsy children is one part of a multidisciplinary management programme which is provided at The Adelaide Children's Hospital for children who have multiple handicaps. This study reviews 176 children who were referred for treatment. Clumsiness was the most common reason for referral. Not all children benefited from group treatment, and those who had significant degrees of mental retardation, or mild spasticity worsening on effort, needed individual handling. Movement training aims mainly to reduce physical clumsiness, and it is hoped that certain nonspecific benefits may result. The greatest improvement occurred in the ability to mix with others. Group counselling of parents, with a social worker as leader, is considered to have played an essential part in the management of these children's problems.

Chromosome studies at the paediatric necropsy

Chromosome studies by fibroblast culture of autopsy material were attempted on 762 perinatal deaths seen over a 4-yr period. Results were obtained from 593 (77.8%) cases; the main reasons for failure were maceration and infection. Results from macerated foetuses can usually only be obtained by culture of the placental amnion, but even this does not always produce results. Twenty-eight (4.7%) major chromosome abnormalities were detected, the most common being trisomy 18. Clinical studies of these infants suggest that trisomy 18 is underdiagnosed as the malformations may be so severe as to obscure the diagnosis. Over the same period, chromosome results from 153 other autopsies made up of 27 late (spontaneous) abortions and 126 children aged more than 28 days, were obtained and 13 (8.5%) were found to have major chromosome abnormalities. Chromosome study was introduced as a routine procedure at the Adelaide Children's Hospital in May 1975. Results obtained to date from 290 successful studies have revealed that 15 (5.2%) had a major chromosome abnormality. The data are analysed according to age and cause of death. It is concluded that chromosome study should become an integral part of all perinatal autopsies, and, whenever possible, of other paediatric autopsies as well.

Records of the adelaide children's hospital, Vol. 1, No. 1. Edited E. B. Sims, D. Simpson and P. W. Verco. 250 × 180 mm. Pp. 192 + iv. 1976. Adelaide: Adelaide Children's Hospital Inc. No price given

Records of the adelaide children's hospital, Vol. 1, No. 1. Edited E. B. Sims, D. Simpson and P. W. Verco. 250 × 180 mm. Pp. 192 + iv. 1976. Adelaide: Adelaide Children's Hospital Inc. No price given

CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY: THE TEAM APPROACH

Craniofacial surgery offers a new hope to some grossly deformed people. This complex surgery, which is based on a multidisciplinary team approach, needs to be carefully rationalized and regionalized to facilitate investigation, to improve planning, to reduce the number of complications, and to conserve financial resources. To date the Cranio-Facial Clinic at the Adelaide Children's Hospital and the Royal Adelaide Hospital has reviewed 37 cases and operated upon 13 of these. This work is presented together with a review of the team approach.

THE NON‐OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF SPLENIC TRAUMA

Non-operative management of splenic trauma is not a widely accepted method of treatment. During the period 1964 to 1976, 39 children were treated in the Adelaide Children's Hospital for splenic trauma. Twenty-four were managed without operation, while 15 were treated by splenectomy. Recently, splenic scan has helped in the diagnosis and management of splenic injuries. From our observations, it appears that non-operative treatment of a proven splenic injury is safe and the ideal initial treatment in the paediatric age group, when the spleen is the only intraabdominal organ injured, and the vital signs are stable with the application of adequate resuscitative measures.

The foundations of neurosurgery in Australia and New Zealand.

Australian and New Zealand Journal of SurgeryVolume 44, Issue 3 p. 215-227 The Foundations of Neurosurgery in Australia and New Zealand D. A. Simpson, Corresponding Author D. A. Simpson Neurosurgical Society of Australasian*Mr. Donald Simpson, Department of Neurology, Adelaide Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, S.A. 5006.Search for more papers by this authorK. G. Jamieson, K. G. Jamieson Neurosurgical Society of AustralasianSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Morson, S. M. Morson Neurosurgical Society of AustralasianSearch for more papers by this author D. A. Simpson, Corresponding Author D. A. Simpson Neurosurgical Society of Australasian*Mr. Donald Simpson, Department of Neurology, Adelaide Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, S.A. 5006.Search for more papers by this authorK. G. Jamieson, K. G. Jamieson Neurosurgical Society of AustralasianSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Morson, S. M. Morson Neurosurgical Society of AustralasianSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1974 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1974.tb04408.xCitations: 16AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume44, Issue3July 1974Pages 215-227 RelatedInformation

The evolution of aneurysmal bone cyst

The rare opportunity arose to observe an aneurysmal bone cyst first from a biopsy and then one year later in the resected specimen. The differing appearances of these two and the growing belief that this condition represents a dynamic process, prompted a review of the 6 cases filed at the Adelaide Children's Hospital over the years 1964-1971. Their histological features are used as criteria for classifying them into stages by means of which they are 'plotted' on an evolutionary 'graph'. The pattern which emerges appears to indicate that the aneurysmal bone cyst starts as a densely cellular lesion (histologically resembling giantcell tumour of bone), passes through a fibro-osseous phase in which fibrous tissue becomes predominant, sinusoidal blood vessels become prominent (and where there may be some resemblance to fibrous dysplasia), and finishes its evolutionary development as the familiar, typical, honeycombed, predominantly vascular lesion of the fully developed aneurysmal bone cyst. It is important to recognize the evolutionary nature of this benign lesion so that needless surgery may be avoided, but that action may be taken before it 'grows' to such a size that a mutilating procedure is inevitable.

Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis: An appraisal of present knowledge

Journal Article Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis: An appraisal of present knowledge Get access Rodney F. Carter Rodney F. Carter Department of Pathology, The Adelaide Children's Hospital Inc., South Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 66, Issue 2, 1972, Pages 193–208, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(72)90147-2 Published: 01 January 1972

Portal hypertension in childhood.

SYNOPSISAll cases of portal hypertension seen at the Adelaide Children's Hospital over a 19‐year period have been studied.The causes were noted, and the cases placed in one of two groups: pre‐ or postsinusoidal.The results showed that the two groups differed in their mode of presentation and in the results of investigations. This condition is rare in childhood and the prognosis is poor, but in patients with the presinusoidal type of obstruction in whom a shunt procedure was performed, the prognosis was better when the operation could be delayed unil late childhood or early adolescence.

NEWER CONCEPTS IN REGARD TO THE AETIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 1, Issue 16 p. 861-864 Points of View NEWER CONCEPTS IN REGARD TO THE AETIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES R. Munro Ford M.D., B.S., F.C.C.P., F.A.S.A., R. Munro Ford M.D., B.S., F.C.C.P., F.A.S.A. South Australia Honorary Allergist, Royal Adelaide Hospital and Honorary Allergist, The Adelaide Children's Hospital.Address for reprints: Dr R. Munro Ford, 339 South Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000.Search for more papers by this author R. Munro Ford M.D., B.S., F.C.C.P., F.A.S.A., R. Munro Ford M.D., B.S., F.C.C.P., F.A.S.A. South Australia Honorary Allergist, Royal Adelaide Hospital and Honorary Allergist, The Adelaide Children's Hospital.Address for reprints: Dr R. Munro Ford, 339 South Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 April 1971 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1971.tb87897.xCitations: 1 1 Based on an address given to the Eleventh International Congress on Chest Diseases, American College of Chest Physicians, at Lausanne, Switzerland, August 3 to 7, 1970. 2 Honorary Allergist, Royal Adelaide Hospital and Honorary Allergist, The Adelaide Children's Hospital. §Address for reprints: Dr R. Munro Ford, 339 South Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume1, Issue16April 1971Pages 861-864 RelatedInformation

Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia.

This is a review of cases of congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia encountered at the Adelaide Children's Hospital in the period 1950 to 1969, which stresses particularly the causes of the high mortality in this condition in those cases presenting within 24 hours of birth.

Power-boat injuries to swimmers.

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 24 p. 1090-1092 Original Article POWER-BOAT INJURIES TO SWIMMERS Dennis C. Paterson F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S., Dennis C. Paterson F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S. Department of Orthopædia Surgery, Adelaide Children's Hospital, Inc.Search for more papers by this authorJohn G. Sweeney M.Ch.(Orth.), F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S., John G. Sweeney M.Ch.(Orth.), F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S. Department of Orthopædia Surgery, Adelaide Children's Hospital, Inc.Search for more papers by this author Dennis C. Paterson F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S., Dennis C. Paterson F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S. Department of Orthopædia Surgery, Adelaide Children's Hospital, Inc.Search for more papers by this authorJohn G. Sweeney M.Ch.(Orth.), F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S., John G. Sweeney M.Ch.(Orth.), F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S. Department of Orthopædia Surgery, Adelaide Children's Hospital, Inc.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 1968 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1968.tb83435.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume2, Issue24December 1968Pages 1090-1092 RelatedInformation

AN ERYTHROMYCIN‐RESISTANT PNEUMOCOCCUS

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 1, Issue 26 p. 1131-1131 Report of Case AN ERYTHROMYCIN-RESISTANT PNEUMOCOCCUS R. G. Cooper M.C.P.A., M.C.Path., R. G. Cooper M.C.P.A., M.C.Path. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Medical Bacteriologist.Search for more papers by this authorH. G. Rischbieth F.R.A.C.P., D.C.H., H. G. Rischbieth F.R.A.C.P., D.C.H. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Honorary Physician.Search for more papers by this authorB. Vesey B.Sc., B. Vesey B.Sc. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Bacteriologist.Search for more papers by this author R. G. Cooper M.C.P.A., M.C.Path., R. G. Cooper M.C.P.A., M.C.Path. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Medical Bacteriologist.Search for more papers by this authorH. G. Rischbieth F.R.A.C.P., D.C.H., H. G. Rischbieth F.R.A.C.P., D.C.H. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Honorary Physician.Search for more papers by this authorB. Vesey B.Sc., B. Vesey B.Sc. The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated)Bacteriologist.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 June 1968 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1968.tb29210.xCitations: 2 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume1, Issue26June 1968Pages 1131-1131 RelatedInformation

A SURVEY OF STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION IN A CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

SYNOPSIS A retrospective study of streptococcal infection in patients and staff at the Adelaide Children's Hospital and a prospective study of 400 control children showed high infection rates in all groups and in the patients considerable streptococcal disease. The need for diagnostic awareness, follow-up and surveillance programs, cross infection control and continuing research are stressed.

QUIET THOUGHTS ON BLOOD

Journal of Paediatrics and Child HealthVolume 3, Issue 3 p. 172-173 QUIET THOUGHTS ON BLOOD KEVIN CHENEY, KEVIN CHENEY Haematologist, Adelaide Children's HospitalSearch for more papers by this author KEVIN CHENEY, KEVIN CHENEY Haematologist, Adelaide Children's HospitalSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1967 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1967.tb01706.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume3, Issue3September 1967Pages 172-173 RelatedInformation

The occurrence of spina bifida cystica in South Australia.

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 13 p. 597-598 Original Article THE OCCURRENCE OF SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA Susan Beal M.B., B.S., Susan Beal M.B., B.S. AdelaideNeurosurgical Research Assistant, The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated).Search for more papers by this author Susan Beal M.B., B.S., Susan Beal M.B., B.S. AdelaideNeurosurgical Research Assistant, The Adelaide Children's Hospital (Incorporated).Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1967 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1967.tb74078.xCitations: 1 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume2, Issue13September 1967Pages 597-598 RelatedInformation

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT: NASOTRACHEAL INTUBATION AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR TRACHEOSTOMY

THE OBVIOUS advantages of tracheostomy must always be weighed against the hazards and complications with which it may be associated. The initial performance of the operation may entail complete airway occlusion, hemorrhage, or cardiac arrest secondary to sudden reduction of carbon dioxide concentration. Maintenance of the tracheostomy may involve pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, sepsis, and occlusion or dislocation of the tube, and final removal can be followed by such problems as tracheal collapse or stenosis. To avoid some of these difficulties a new concept has been introduced whereby a smooth, sterile endotracheal tube is introduced through the nose and maintained in place for several days, or even weeks. Undoubtedly the method had been used in many individual situations throughout the world, but the idea was first tried on a large scale in Australia. In the Adelaide Children's Hospital and in The Royal Children's Hospital of Melbourne tracheostomy has been largely abandoned and only endotracheal intubation has been used for the past two years in children with laryngotracheitis, croup, and various other types of reversible respiratory inadequacy. In these hospitals tracheostomy is reserved for inindividual situations where secretions are especially heavy or in some patients with severe laryngotracheitis. Nasotracheal intubation has been adopted throughout many parts of the British empire and has recently been employed widely throughout the United States. The indications for nasotracheal intubation are similar to those for tracheostomy. Children in whom airway obstruction results in retraction, stridor and, finally, increasing pulse rate constitute one group of patients who require such assistance.