Additional Properties Research Articles

Mixed-state additivity properties of magic monotones based on quantum relative entropies for single-qubit states and beyond

Mixed-state additivity properties of magic monotones based on quantum relative entropies for single-qubit states and beyond

A specialized inclusive road dataset with elevation profiles for realistic pedestrian navigation using open geospatial data and deep learning

Built environment characteristics can greatly influence pedestrians' route choices with factors beyond distance, such as accessibility, convenience, safety, and aesthetics, playing crucial roles. Although current navigation apps, such as Google Maps and Waze, have successfully provided driving directions, their navigation services are insufficient and sometimes unrealistic for addressing pedestrians' needs, largely due to the lack of dedicated pedestrian networks and the associated navigation algorithms. To address the research gaps, this paper proposes a novel approach that integrates freely available geospatial data and computer vision technology to create a specialized inclusive network dataset for outdoor pedestrian navigation. Moreover, a pedestrian navigation algorithm is developed to generate more practical “shortest” and “alternative” paths by incorporating various sidewalk attributes. We applied the method to create a pedestrian navigation network in Las Vegas. SpaceNet's open imagery dataset was used to extract Las Vegas's road networks. A virtual audit process assessed the visual and operational properties of the sidewalk networks using Google street-level images, evaluating factors including sidewalk presence, widths, surface types and conditions, missing curb ramps, greenery, protection from weather conditions, and lighting. Google Earth's open elevation data were used to analyze road elevation profiles as meaningful 3D indicators of sidewalk accessibility for wheelchair users. Further, additional geometric properties of the network, including road curviness, proximity to road intersections, and directional changes, were detected and analyzed. A navigation experiment conducted with individuals having varying mobility abilities, including regular pedestrians, older adults, and wheelchair users demonstrated the effectiveness of the newly developed network and algorithm in meeting the diverse needs of pedestrians.

Melt-Processed Polybutylene-Succinate Biocomposites with Chitosan: Development and Characterization of Rheological, Thermal, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties.

The current research is devoted to the development and characterization of green antimicrobial polymer biocomposites for food packaging applications. The biocomposites were developed by melt compounding on the basis of two different succinate polymer matrices with varying chain stiffness-polybutylene succinate (PBS) or its copolymer with 20 mol.% of polybutylene adipate (PBSA). Fungi chitosan oligosaccharide (C98) and crustacean chitosan (C95) were used as antimicrobial additives. The rheological properties of the developed biocomposites were determined to clear out the most suitable temperature for melt processing. In addition, mechanical, thermal, barrier and antimicrobial properties of the developed biocomposites were determined. The results of the investigation revealed that PBSA composites with 7 wt% and 10 wt% of the C98 additive were more suitable for the development of green packaging films because of their higher ultimate elongation values, better damping properties as well as their superior anti-microbial behavior. However, due to the lower thermal stability of the C98 additive as well as PBSA, the melt processing temperatures of the composites desirably should not exceed 120 °C. Additionally, by considering decreased moisture vapor barrier properties, it is recommended to perform further modifications of the PBSA-C98 composites through an addition of a nanoclay additive due to its excellent barrier properties and thermal stability.

B-267 Validation of the Newly Developed Fully Automated Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay (CLEIA) Reagent for Measurement of Cyclosporine in the Blood

Abstract Background Cyclosporine (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug requiring therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for its narrow-ranged medication level. Approximately 60% of CsA in the blood exist as molecular complexes with proteins like cyclophilin in lymphocytes and erythrocytes. Measurement of CsA in the blood by immunoassay or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) requires an extraction process for CsA from the whole blood specimen, which is often manual complicated and time-consuming process causing a risk of variation in the measurement values among different operators. In addition, the small (cyclic polypeptide composed of 11 amino acids) and hydrophobic property of CsA, make it difficult to establish antibodies for a sandwich immunoassay. In this study, we have validated a novel fully automated sandwich immunoassay reagent for measurement of blood CsA that used a combination of newly-established CsA antibodies and iTACT® (immunoassay for total antigen including complex via pretreatment) technology. Methods The reagent was developed and validated on a fully automated immunoassay system, LUMIPULSE® L2400 (FUJIREBIO INC). Twenty uL whole blood specimens are sampled after mixed with suction/discharge stirring to prevent that blood cells settle to the bottom of a container on the analyzer, and then treated with a pretreatment solution to obtain free CsA. The treated samples are assayed by a two-step sandwich immunoassay. Limit of Detection (LoD), Limit of Quantitation (LoQ), within-laboratory precision, linearity, no interference, and the correlation of this assay and LC-MS/MS were validated, following the current CLSI guidelines protocols. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel statistical tool Analyse-it. Results The LoD and the LoQ were 2.7 ng/mL and 10.8 ng/mL respectively. The within-laboratory precision showed CV 1.6-2.9 %. Linearity was demonstrated over the range 13.1-2381.5 ng/mL. No interference was observed with unconjugated (≤19.7 mg/dL) or conjugated bilirubin (≤20.1 mg/dL), chyle (≤1480 FTU), RF (rheumatoid factor, ≤1000 IU/mL), and HAMA (human anti-mouse antibody, ≤1010 ng/mL). The correlation coefficient and the regression slope of this assay and LC-MS/MS were 1.0 and 1.0, respectively (N=120). Conclusions The performance of our novel CsA assay, which use LUMIPULSE L2400, was satisfactory for routine analysis. A unique fully-automated process, including the pretreatment process of whole blood specimens, for measurement would contribute the low LoQ and the low Within-laboratory CV. In addition, the results are obtained in 35-minute. We expect this novel immunoassay could reduce the burden on operators and turnaround time.

An Approach to Estimate the Refractive Index and the Electronic Polarizability of the Ternary Ag2O-B2O3-TeO2 Glasses.

Each of the static properties such as refractive index (n0), cation ( ), and anion ( ) oxide polarizabilities for the ternary 30Ag2O⋅xB2O3⋅(70 - x)TeO2 (30AgBTe) glasses has been predicted theoretically from those of the binary 30Ag2O-70B2O3 and 30Ag2O-70TeO2 glasses. This can be done based on two assumptions: that each of these static properties (n0, , and ) can be considered as an additive property and that ternary 30AgBTe glasses can be treated as a mixture of two binary 30Ag2O-70B2O3 and 30Ag2O-70TeO2 glasses. In addition, n0 values for the ternary 30AgBTe glasses can be predicted in terms of and values for the ternary 30AgBTe glasses, and these later properties can be predicted from that of two binaries like as n0 at first stage. The n0 values obtained by using two methods are exactly the same for the corresponding compositions in the studied glasses, confirming the validity of the two assumptions and the procedure described in the present work. This conclusion is valid for the ternary glasses with a fixed content of either basic former/or modifier oxides for all compositions such as xPbO⋅(40 - x)Sb2O3⋅60B2O3 and 30Ag2O⋅xB2O3⋅(70 - x)TeO2 glasses, respectively.

A note on “∆−normal spaces and decompositions of normality"

In [2], A. K. Das introduced the notions of weak ∆−normality and weakly functionally ∆−normality, arguing that they are different. We prove their equivalence in this note. Furthermore, we give proper substitutes for a few erroneous examples found in [2]. We establish that aclosed almost continuous image of a normal space is weak ∆−normal, and the weak ∆−normality is a topological as well as an additive property.

P-Permutation equivalences between blocks of group algebras

We extend the notion of a p-permutation equivalence between two p-blocks A and B of finite groups G and H, from the definition in [5] to a virtual p-permutation bimodule whose components have twisted diagonal vertices. It is shown that various invariants of A and B are preserved, including defect groups, fusion systems, and Külshammer-Puig classes. Moreover it is shown that p-permutation equivalences have additional surprising properties. They have only one constituent with maximal vertex and the set of p-permutation equivalences between A and B is finite (possibly empty). The paper uses new methods: a consequent use of module structures on subgroups of G×H arising from Brauer constructions which in general are not direct product subgroups, the necessary adaptation of the notion of tensor products between bimodules, and a general formula (stated in these new terms) for the Brauer construction of a tensor product of p-permutation bimodules.

Using Exponential Complex Polynomials for Constructing Closed Curves with Given Properties

In this paper, we present a method to compute the coefficients of a complex exponential polynomial of real argument that, while being decomposed into real and imaginary parts by Euler’s formula, obtains required interpolating and differential properties at any given points of its real graph. Moreover, imaginary components in their nodes of interpolation and differentiation serve as additional control tools that shape the polynomial appearance. Although the impact of these components is not yet studied extensively, we can still use them to achieve useful properties, e. g. we can minimize the total height of the polynomial graph. From the geometry standpoint, having these properties implies that the parametric curves constructed with such polynomials can go through given points, have predetermined tangent vectors in those or other points, and retain enough variability to have additional useful properties, for instance, the total length of these curves, or their maximal curvature can also be minimized within limits.

Current potential patches

A novel form of the current potential, a mathematical tool for the design of stellarators and stellarator coils, is developed. Specifically, these are current potentials with a finite-element basis, called current potential patches. Current potential patches leverage the relationship between distributions of magnetic dipoles and current potentials to explore limits of the access properties of stellarator coil sets. An example calculation is shown using the Helically Symmetric Experiment (HSX) equilibrium, demonstrating the method's use in coil design and understanding the limits of the access properties of coil sets. Current potential patches have additional desirable properties such as of promoting sparse current sheet solutions and identifying crucial locations of shaping current placement. A result is found for the HSX equilibrium that shaping currents covering only 22% of the winding surface are sufficient to produce the equilibrium to a good accuracy, provided a toroidal field is generated by an exterior coil set.

Effect of Cu-doping on the microstructure and magnetic properties of low-cost MM-Fe-B melt spun ribbons

In this paper, MM-Fe-B ribbons with different MM contents were prepared by melt spun technique at a fixed copper roll speed of 25 m/s. The maximum magnetic energy product of the MM15Fe78B7 ribbon is 9.22 MGOe and the coercivity is 6005 Oe. With the increase of MM contents, the coercivity of the magnet was increased, and the highest coercivity reached 9352 Oe in MM18Fe75B7. In addition, the microstructure and magnetic properties of Cu-doped MM15Fe78-xB7Cux (x = 0, 0.4, 0.6, 1 at.%) ribbons were systematically investigated. The results show that the introduction of Cu can suppress the formation of α-Fe soft magnetic phase in the melt spun ribbons. When the Cu content is 0.4 at.%, the grain size decreased from 61 nm to 44 nm, and the coercivity was improved from 6005 Oe to 8527 Oe, which is an increment of about 42 %, whereas the remanence and the magnetic energy product can remain basically unchanged. The addition of Cu element can not only refine the grain size, but also facilitate the enhancement of the homogeneity of the microstructure of the ribbons.

Enhancing Oil Recovery in Eagle Ford Shale: A Multiscale Simulation Study of Surfactant Huff ’n’ Puff Methodology

In this paper, we present a simulation case study of a surfactant huff ’n’ puff pilot in the black oil window of the Eagle Ford (EF) Shale. The target horizontal well, which had been depleted for nearly 8 years, underwent stimulation via a surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatment. The surfactant was selected through laboratory screening using reservoir rock and fluid samples. After a 17-hour injection and a 1-month shut-in period, the well’s production increased fivefold from the baseline oil rate, sustaining incremental oil production for at least 2 years. The surfactant enhances oil recovery by altering rock wettability toward a more water-wet state and moderating oil/water interfacial tension (IFT). This process is modeled by surfactant adsorption in the simulator, indicating the degree of dynamic changes in relative permeability (krl) and capillary pressure (Pc) curves. We propose a comprehensive workflow comprising three stages: development of core-scale and field-scale models, sequential model calibrations, and multiobjective optimization to integrate laboratory measurements and field data from this pilot into multiscale numerical simulations. By matching oil recoveries from imbibition experiments on the core model and field production histories on the field model, krl and Pc profiles of two extreme states, basic reservoir properties, and additional reservoir properties altered during huff ’n’ puff operations are characterized. The matched core model reproduces a 15.1% incremental oil recovery for surfactant-assisted spontaneous imbibition (SASI) process relative to pure brine imbibition process. The matched reservoir model predicts the surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatment increases the oil production by 21.9% relative to water huff ’n’ puff treatment and by 52.9% relative to primary depletion for a 4-year period. The calibrated reservoir model also serves as a base case for optimizing well operation schedules through the implementation of a multiobjective genetic algorithm. The surfactant injection rate, injection time, and well shut-in time of the base case are varied to achieve higher oil production and reduced surfactant usage. Statistical analysis of eight trade-off cases indicates that optimal well operations, compared with existing practices, frequently involve increased injection rates [16.6–18.9 barrels per minute (bpm)], shorter injection periods (10–11.3 hours), and prolonged shut-indurations (49–65 days). This workflow offers valuable insights into surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatments for unconventional reservoirs, thereby facilitating the optimization of well operations and maximizing tertiary oil recovery.

Image‐based quality control of fresh concrete based on semantic segmentation algorithms

AbstractIn practice, various empirical methods such as the flow table test or the slump test are in use worldwide for assessing the workability of fresh concrete on the construction site. The majority of these tests has in common, that fresh concrete is subjected to some kind of defined flow process on a standardized table‐like platform and that the geometrical properties of the material after the flow has ceased is determined by simple means such as measuring the flow cake diameter or its sag. The paper at hand proposes a novel image‐based approach for an automatic derivation of concrete properties as part of the flow table test. The image‐based method enables a digital evaluation of concrete properties. By combining digital image analysis and deep learning methods, not only the consistency but also an abundance of additional concrete properties can be derived from image data. In this way, the quality control of the fresh concrete can be expanded to include a large number of additional parameters, currently not available to the producer nor to the construction site. This data can be integrated into a digital control loop, with which communication between the concrete producer and the construction site can be automated using highly precise real‐time data.

Multivariate additive subordination with applications in finance

We introduce a tractable multivariate pure jump process in which the trading time is described by an additive subordinator. The multivariate process retains the additivity property, and therefore is time inhomogeneous, i.e., its increments are independent but non stationary. We provide the theoretical framework of our process, perform a sensitivity analysis with respect to the time inhomogeneity parameters, and design a Monte Carlo scheme to simulate the trajectories of the process. We then employ the model in the context of option pricing in the FX market. We take advantage of the specific features of currency triangles to extract the joint dynamics of FX log-rates. Extensive tests based on observed market data show that our model outperforms well established pure jump benchmarks.

Prospects for increasing the functionality of milk-containing products through the use of non-traditional plant raw materials

It is an undeniable fact that nutrition is an important and integral part of human life. Unfortunately, nutrition is not always complete and balanced. It has been established that only rational nutrition is the lever by which it is possible to ensure normal growth and development of the body. Food industry enterprises are trying to create exactly such conditions for adequate human adaptation to the regalia of the surrounding world, namely, they develop and produce specialized products that contribute not only to disease prevention, but also to a stable increase in mental and physical performance. Moreover, these activities do not contradict the state policy in terms of improving the health of the population, through the introduction of healthy nutrition products into the retail network, through various assistance to manufacturing enterprises (subsidies, grant support). Regarding manufacturers of milk-containing food products, the importance of which is undeniable, they quite actively promote product lines for certain segments of the population, for example, children, pregnant and lactating women and the elderly. The main objective of the research is to develop a technology for a milk-containing product (drinking yoghurt) that includes several functions important for humans, namely, functional, diabetic, probiotic ones. The product is given the specified functions by including scientifically substantiated components in the recipe, including those from non-traditional raw materials. Standard and individual research methods have been used to confirm the quality indicators of the finished product. The main results of the research include determining the type of plant material that meets the specified requirements and characteristics and contributes to giving the finished product additional properties (prebiotic, functional, diabetic). The final result of the research is obtaining a product that helps increase the body resistance to the negative environmental effects. The use of secondary plant materials for food purposes, which contributes to the design of a food product with a certain quality composition and specified consumer properties, in comparison with existing analogues, can be considered the novelty of the research.

Fabrication of Chitosan-Cu2O Nanocomposite through Ethanol Assisted Reduction

The semiconducting characteristics of copper oxides have intrigued researchers like photocatalysis and sensors. Coating these nanoparticles with biocompatible polymers like chitosan enhances their properties, such as biocompatibility and non-toxicity, while reducing production costs. This work details the successful in situ production of a biocompatibile nanocomposite, with Cu2O nanoparticles dispersed in a chitosan matrix using ethanol as a reducing agent. Advanced techniques including ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging combined with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis, have been employed to characterize the nanocomposite material with additional relevant properties analyzed.

Effects of Dapagliflozin in Combination with Hydrochlorothiazide on Cardiac Remodeling in Rats with Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction.

In addition to its antihypertensive and diuretic effects, hydrochlorothiazide also demonstrates additional cardioprotective properties; however, the existence of a synergistic interaction between dapagliflozin and hydrochlorothiazide remains unclear.To establish a rat model of heart failure for investigating the effects and mechanisms of dapagliflozin in combination with hydrochlorothiazide during early intervention, H9c2 cells were cultured to validate their in vitro efficacy. The combination group exhibits a synergistic improvement in hemodynamics, ejection fraction, and a reduction in plasma B-type natriuretic peptide concentration. This combination effectively decreases collagen volume fraction and the expression of collagen I and III, p47phox, p67phox, NF-κB p65, Bax, and caspase-3. The combination group demonstrates a synergistic effect in enhancing cardiac function, attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. The in vitro effects of the combination were demonstrated in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In addition, the combination exhibits a more pronounced inhibitory effect on NHE1 expression. The expression of NHE1 in H9c2 cells is inhibited by hydrochlorothiazide, thereby alleviating the consequences of NHE1 overexpression. The results of molecular docking and kinetic simulations indicate a strong binding affinity (-6.1 kcal/mol) between hydrochlorothiazide and NHE1, resulting in the formation of a stable conformation. This may elucidate the underlying mechanism responsible for the synergistic effects of drugs.The combination of dapagliflozin and hydrochlorothiazide has synergistic effects on improving cardiac function, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rats with heart failure. Hydrochlorothiazide binds to and inhibits the expression of NHE1, thereby enhancing dapagliflozin's inhibitory effect on NHE activity. This mechanism potentially elucidates its enhanced cardioprotective effects.

Some Results Concerning Directed Graphs Over Commutative Rings

This paper delves into the idea of a directed graph that presented and illustrated, A directed graph for every finite, commutative ring is presented in this paper by utilizing the additive and multiplicative properties. This is achieved based on the mapping (a, b) → (a + b, a • b). The essential objective of this research work is to examine the characteristics of these directed graphs, specifically the valuable information they offer about the ring itself. To this end, we have adopted and presented several theorems and Corollaries with their proofs to support the obtained results

ФОРМАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРИПУСКА, УДАЛЯЕМОГО ПРИ ОБРАБОТКЕ РЕЗАНИЕМ, ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ЗАДАЧИ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ РАЗРАБОТКИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА

The paper considers the problem of lacking systems for automating the production preparation while developing the technological process of manufacturing parts by cutting. The solution to this problem will increase enterprises’ competitiveness and reduce errors arising from the human factor. The objectives of the article are to develop an approach to automating the technological process design by defining the technological process as a function of removing the allowance. The work analyses the allowance and determines the principle of its decomposition into elementary components for classification, identifies the allowance parameters for its formalization and determines the relationship of the allowance parameters with processing methods. The authors carry out the analysis of the existing processing methods and their relationship with the removable allowance, its geometric shape and parameters, propose an approach for the allowance formalization, the implementation of which will automate the technological preparation of production in terms of developing technological processes for mechanical processing. The work suggests an approach for formalizing the allowance, based on its classification and application as its basic element of “allowance removed by the cutting tool in one working stroke”, describes additional properties and characteristics of the allowance for its mathematical description and preservation of the relationship with the processing methods. Formalization of the allowance, its classification and assignment of the function for its removal will allow automating the technological process development, improving the quality of manufactured products by reducing the influence of the human factor and using optimal methods for processing parts.

A Stealthy Communication Model for Protecting Aggregated Results Integrity in Federated Learning

Given how quickly artificial intelligence technology is developing, federated learning (FL) has emerged to enable effective model training while protecting data privacy. However, when using homomorphic encryption (HE) techniques for privacy protection, FL faces challenges related to the integrity of HE ciphertexts. In the HE-based privacy-preserving FL framework, the public disclosure of the public key and the homomorphic additive property of the HE algorithm pose serious threats to the integrity of the ciphertext of FL’s aggregated results. For the first time, this paper employs covert communication by embedding the hash value of the aggregated result ciphertext received by the client into the ciphertext of local model parameters using the lossless homomorphic additive property of the Paillier algorithm. When the server receives the ciphertext of the local model parameters, it can extract and verify the hash value to determine whether the ciphertext of the FL’s aggregated results has been tampered with. We also used chaotic sequences to select the embedding positions, further enhancing the concealment of the scheme. The experimental findings demonstrate that the suggested plan passed the Welch’s t-test, the K–L divergence test, and the K–S test. These findings confirm that ciphertexts containing covert information are statistically indistinguishable from normal ciphertexts, thereby affirming the proposed scheme’s effectiveness in safeguarding the integrity of the FL’s aggregated ciphertext results. The channel capacity of this scheme can reach up to 512 bits per round, which is higher compared to other FL-based covert channels.

Accelerated carbonation of alkali-activated vibro-compacted pervious concrete paving blocks

This study explores the use of an accelerated carbonation curing method to enhance the performance of non-structural precast alkali-activated fly ash pervious concrete paving blocks. Using a predefined production process, pervious paving blocks measuring 200 mm × 100 mm × 60 mm were manufactured and subjected to a 3-stage curing process. The blocks were produced with a dry consistence to allow for vibrocompaction, closely mirroring the manufacturing techniques used in the precast industry and enabling immediate demoulding. Initially, all blocks underwent thermal curing at 70 °C for 24 hours, followed by storage in a climatic chamber (20 ± 3 °C, 65 ± 10 % relative humidity) for 7–14 days. Finally, they were exposed to a carbonation chamber with 5 % CO2 at 23 ± 2 °C, and 60 ± 10 % RH for up to 7 days. Blocks cured without carbonation served as control specimens. All blocks were tested following the European standard EN 1338, which governs the conformity of conventional concrete pavement blocks. Additional properties such as water permeability and water stability were also assessed. The results demonstrated that the accelerated carbonation curing significantly improved the performance of the blocks. Increases of 30 % and 60 % in compressive and splitting tensile strengths, respectively, were reported for the 7-day CO2-cured blocks when compared to their control counterparts. The 7-day carbon-cured blocks showed significantly improved abrasion resistance, with mass loss due to abrasion decreasing from 8.2 % to 5.6 % with 7 days of CO2 exposure. Additionally, microstructural enhancements were observed for the carbonated specimens, positively impacting their overall performance and making them compliant with the standard for practical paving block applications. However, further research is recommended to explore automation in the production process to ensure consistent results and facilitate future standardisation and certification of these blocks.