Addition Of Microcapsules Research Articles

Evaluation of rheological and self-healing properties of asphalt containing microcapsules modified with graphene

Asphalt aging has been cited as one of the main reasons for reducing pavement service life, which seriously affect the road traffic maintenance and improving operation efficiency. The method of microencapsulated rejuvenator is a long-term and clean method to improve asphalt aging. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a graphene modified microcapsule on the rheological properties and self-healing ability of asphalt. The micro morphology and thermal stability of microcapsules were observed by SEM and TGA. The laminated structure of graphene on the surface of microcapsules was observed. The initial thermal decomposition temperature of microcapsules with 5 wt% graphene was 256 °C. The dispersion of microcapsules with graphene was investigated, which was presented the state of microcapsules in matrix asphalt and long-term aging asphalt. The complex modulus and rutting parameter was slightly increased by the addition of 1 wt% microcapsules. The average percent recovery (R) was also improved and non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr) values were decreased, which the change was intensified with the increase of stress. The self-healing capability was enhanced by adding 1 wt% microcapsule addition. The recovery of asphalt modulus at different rest durations was also been studied.

Physicochemical properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in microcapsules combined with calcium phosphate cement and their ectopic bone formation.

Calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) serves as an excellent scaffold material for bone tissue engineering owing to its good biocompatibility, injectability, self-setting property and three-dimensional porous structure. However, its clinical use is limited due to the cytotoxic effect of its setting reaction on cells and difficulties in degradation into bone. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were encapsulated in alginate chitosan alginate (ACA) microcapsules and compounded with calcium phosphate bone cement. Changes in the compressive strength, porosity, injectability and collapsibility of CPC at different volume ratios of microcapsules were evaluated. At a 40% volume ratio of microcapsules, the composite scaffold displayed high porosity and injectability with good collapsibility and compressive strength. Cell live/dead double staining, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect the viability, proliferation and adhesion of cells after cell microcapsules were combined with CPC. The results revealed that cells protected by microcapsules proliferated and adhered better than those that were directly combined with CPC paste, and cell microcapsules could effectively form macropores in scaffold material. The composite was subsequently implanted subcutaneously on the backs of nude mice, and ectopic osteogenesis of the scaffold was detected via haematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Masson’s trichrome and Goldner’s trichrome staining. CPC clearly displayed better new bone formation function and degradability after addition of pure microcapsules and cell microcapsules. Furthermore, the cell microcapsule treatment group showed greater osteogenesis than the pure microcapsule group. Collectively, these results indicate that BMSCs encapsulated in ACA microcapsules combined with CPC composite scaffolds have good application prospects as bone tissue engineering materials.

SR/GNPs/Pn@SiO2 shape-stabilized phase change composites with low leakage rate and adjustable thermal energy storage

The storage of latent heat using phase change materials (PCM) is an effective method of energy storage. In this study, silicone rubber (SR)/graphene nanoplates (GNPs)/paraffin@SiO2 phase change microcapsules (Pn@SiO2) shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCM) with high thermal conductivity, low leakage rate and tunable thermal management capability are prepared by method of add phase change microcapsules and thermal conductivity enhancer graphene nanoplates. The effects of Pn@SiO2 content on properties of the SR/GNPs/Pn@SiO2 (SGP) composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the enthalpy of phase change composites can be adjusted from 25.6 to 78.56 J·g−1 by changing the addition amount of Pn@SiO2 microcapsules. Moreover, the effect of GNPs on the thermal conductivity of SR matrix is greater than that of Pn@SiO2 on SR, as a consequence, the thermal conductivity of SGP composites decreases with the increase of Pn@SiO2. In addition, the thermal conductivity of SGP phase change composites can also reach 0.567 W·m−1K−1 after the addition of microcapsules, which dramatically shortens the response time of the material in the application. In summary, SGP composites have promising applications in the field of thermal storage.

“Fatigue-Crack Propagation Behavior in Microcapsule-Containing Self-Healing Polymeric Networks”

Over the last years, research on the design of dental self-healing polymers has grown dramatically. It is related to the promising potential of maximizing the clinical lifespan of dental restorations that this strategy holds. In this manuscript, the microcapsule-based strategy is innovated by incorporating the high toughness component N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAM) into the healing agent systems and analyzing in-depth the change in crack propagation behavior induced by the addition of microcapsules into the highly crosslinked polymeric network. In general, the addition of the hydrophilic and high vapor pressure DMAM into the healing agent systems imposed a challenge for the microencapsulation, which highlighted the importance of tailoring the properties of the capsules’ shells according to the core composition. The addition of DMAM as cushioning agent proved to be a successful strategy since it resulted in increased G’/G” crossover time from 0.06 (control) to 0.57 s and decreased storage modulus from 8.0 (control) to 0.5GPa. In addition, the incorporation of microcapsules within the polymerized networks provided obstacles to crack propagation, which translated to an overall reinforcement of the polymeric network, as evidenced by the increase in toughness up to 50 % and energy required to propagate cracks up to 100 % in systems containing DMAM at 20 wt%.

Bioavailability of blackberry pomace microcapsules by using different techniques: An approach for yogurt application

The blackberry fruit is rich in anthocyanins, but the stability of these compounds can be decreased depending on the processing conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the bioavailability of anthocyanins from blackberry pomace microcapsules and yogurt supplemented with blackberry pomace microcapsules after in vitro digestion. The stability of blackberry pomace microcapsules in the absence and presence of light was also evaluated. Three microencapsulation methods were applied (spray-drying, freeze-drying, and ionic gelation), and all methods presented satisfactory yield (>53%) and encapsulation efficiency (>95%). The spray-drying and ionic gelation processes produced microcapsules with higher stability in both absence and presence of light than the freeze-drying process. Yogurt formulations with the addition of spray-dried microcapsules presented cyanidin-3-glucoside bioavailability greater than with the addition of microcapsules from freeze-drying and ionic gelation methods. Yogurt formulations presented greater post-gastrointestinal digestion bioavailability than the pristine microcapsules, so the use of blackberry microcapsules is feasible for the food industry to produce high-added-value products.

Effect of probiotic and symbiotic microencapsulation supplementation on the physico‐chemical characteristics and organic acid content of goat cheese

Microcapsules containing probiotic culture mixture (Lactobacillus casei + Bifidobacterium longum) (1%), 1% sodium alginate, 2% fructooligosaccharide, and 2% inulin were prepared. Symbiotic white cheese was obtained by adding free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria and prebiotics to goat milk. The ripening biochemistry of the cheeses during 180 days of storage at +4°C was determined by some biochemical-physical analysis methods, and the organic acid content of white goat cheese was determined. Dry matter, titration acidity, protein, total nitrogen, and organic acid values were higher in cheese samples containing microcapsules than in the samples without capsules, while fat content, water-soluble nitrogen, non-protein nitrogen, and ripening coefficient values were lower (p < 0.05). It has been determined that the ratio of lactic acid and pyruvic acid is high in cheese samples containing symbiotic microcapsules, while the amount of citric acid, acetic acid, and formic acid is high in cheeses containing probiotics and prebiotics in free form. It was concluded that the addition of symbiotic microcapsules in the production of white goat cheeses increased the quality criteria of the cheese. Practical applications The microencapsulation technique is used to increase the preservation of the viability of probiotic microorganisms and to prevent the product from being affected by the compounds formed during the storage process in cheese. This study examined the effect of probiotic, symbiotic capsules on some biochemical-physical properties of ripening biochemistry of goat cheeses and the effects of using microcapsules on the organic acid content of goat milk white cheese. The ratio of lactic acid and pyruvic acid is high in cheese samples containing symbiotic microcapsules. Microencapsulation improved the ripening biochemistry of the cheeses. The addition of symbiotic microcapsules in the production of white goat cheeses increased the quality criteria of the cheese. Therefore, our findings may likely be of great interest to the vision of scientists, dairy technologists, and the cheese-making industries.

Effects of Thermochromic Fluorane Microcapsules and Self-Repairing Waterborne Acrylic Microcapsules on the Properties of Water-Based Coatings on Basswood Surface.

The effect of the addition of fluorane microcapsules and urea formaldehyde resin (UF) waterborne acrylic resin microcapsules on the comprehensive properties of the water film on the surface of basswood was studied. Three-factor and two-level orthogonal experiments were carried out with “fluorane microcapsule content”, “aqueous acrylic resin microcapsule content” and the “fluorane microcapsule addition method” to prepare a self-repairing thermochromic coating. The optical, mechanical, microstructure and self-repairing properties of the film were optimized by independent experiments on the maximum influence factors of the fluorane microcapsule content. It was concluded that the topcoat with 15% fluorane microcapsules and primer added with 15% water acrylic resin microcapsules had better comprehensive properties. The temperature range was 30–32 °C, the color difference at 32 °C was 72.6 ± 2.0, the 60° gloss was 3.3%, the adhesion was 0 grade, the hardness was 4 H, the impact resistance was 15.0 ± 0.8 kg∙cm, the elongation at break was 17.2% and the gap width was reduced by 3.5 ± 0.1 μm after the film was repaired. The repair rate reached 62.5%. By using microcapsule embedding technology, the repair agent and discoloration agent are embedded in the matrix. The waterborne acrylic resin microcapsules can effectively inhibit crack formation in the coating, and the fluorane microcapsules can achieve the thermochromic property of the coating. This study provides a new research idea for the self-repairing thermochromic dual function of a water-based coating.

3D printed white radish/potato gel with microcapsules: Color/flavor change induced by microwave-infrared heating

The feasibility of using microwave-infrared heating (MIR) to stimulate color/flavor changes of 3D-printed white radish and potato gels containing lipid-soluble natural pigment and essence microcapsules was investigated. Natural red gromwell pigment and rose essence were microencapsulated using gum Arabic/maltodextrin/β-cyclodextrin as the wall materials and spray drying as the drying method. The microcapsules were incorporated into white radish and potato powder at different mass ratios (0, 0.3, 0.7, 1, and 2%, w/w) and the mixture were used as 3D printing ink. The storage modulus and loss modulus of printing paste were decreased with the increasing microcapsule addition; however, the viscosity was not significantly affected. The texture properties (hardness, springness, chewiness, and gumminess) of printed samples after MIR were increased significantly. The color and flavor of the samples changed in a microcapsule concentration- and heating time-dependent manner. With the prolongation of heating time, the brightness value (L*) of the printed sample added with microcapsules was decreased, while the redness (a*) and yellowness value (b*) were significantly increased. The results of electronic nose showed that the flavor of 2% (w/w) microcapsule samples was significantly different before and after heating, and the signals of sensors S1, S4, S5, S9, S11, S14, S16, S17 increased significantly after heating. This research has provided insights for the development of novel 3D printed foods with bright colors and unique flavors.

Yellow Mombin Nectar Enriched with Encapsulated Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis Var Assamica): Physical-chemical, Rheological and Sensory Aspects

ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying green tea extract encapsulated in yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.) nectar. Two formulations were developed: with microencapsulated green tea extract (NM) and control (NC). NM was the variant concentration of green tea microencapsulated (4.6 g of green tea microcapsules for each 240 mL of beverage). The samples were subjected to physical-chemical and bioactive compounds analysis, such as the study of rheological behavior and sensory analysis. The addition of microcapsules resulted in changes in all of the parameters evaluated, highlighting the contribution in antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds. The inclusion of microcapsules did not influence the rheological behavior. For the sensory analysis, it was found that NC presented better sensory acceptance. The inclusion of microcapsules of green tea extract in yellow mombin nectar presents itself as a viable alternative for the development of a new product.

Anti-corrosion performance and mechanical properties of epoxy coatings containing microcapsules filled with linseed oil and modified ceria nanoparticles

In this study, the anti-corrosion and mechanical properties of epoxy coatings containing microcapsules filled with linseed oil and neat and modified ceria nanoparticles were evaluated. To this end, first, the surface of ceria nanoparticles was modified with Cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate using different methods and then the corrosion resistance of linseed oil containing 1 wt% of nanoparticles was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). To evaluate the protection mechanism of cerium nanoparticles, the corrosion performance of linseed oil containing calcium carbonate and Zirconia nanoparticles was also studied. In the next step, urea-formaldehyde microcapsule containing linseed oil and 1 wt% nano-ceria modified from the previous step, was synthesized via in situ polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion. The results of EIS Test showed that the addition of ceria nanoparticles to the microcapsule’s core content improves the anti-corrosion performance of the epoxy coatings containing microcapsules due to increased barrier properties as well as through inhibition mechanism. The mechanical properties of the coating samples decreased up to 35% by the addition of microcapsules due to disruption of the structural integrity of the resin matrix. However, the DMTA test revealed that the glass transition temperature of the samples did not change significantly by adding microcapsules to the coating samples.

Temperature regulation effect of low melting point phase change microcapsules for cement slurry in nature gas hydrate-bearing sediments

Nature gas hydrates are only stable at low temperatures and high pressures; consequently, the hydration heat of cement slurry can easily decompose hydrates. Therefore, low-heat cement slurry systems need to be used during well cementing in nature gas hydrate-bearing sediments. In this study, temperature-regulated microcapsules having binary alkanes as the core material and CaCO3 as the shell were prepared by self-assembly. In addition, the hydrophobic modified graphite was added into core material to improve the temperature sensitivity. The morphology, thermal properties, and hydrophilicity of the microcapsules were characterized by multiple techniques. The hydration property, setting behavior, pore distribution and compressive strength of cement slurry/stone containing the microcapsules was studied. Furthermore, the effect of cement slurry hydration on hydrate-bearing sediments was tracked by a hydrate-bearing sediment-damage simulation device. The results demonstrated that the microcapsules have good temperature regulating properties. The addition of modified graphite increased the sensitivity of the microcapsules to temperature changes. Compared to the standard group, the maximum hydration temperature of the cement slurry decreased by 3.7 °C upon the addition of microcapsules. The simulation trail showed that the addition of microcapsules impeded the damage to hydrate-bearing sediments that were associated with the hydration of the cement slurry.

Self-healing of matrix cracking and delamination damage assessment in microcapsules reinforced carbon fibre epoxy composite under flexural loading

Structural integrity of micro cracked CFRP composite structures can be re-established by incorporating the microcapsules based self-healing system into the composite. In the current study, in order to fabricate capsules reinforced CFRP composite, 0.54: 0.39: 0.07 vol fractions of matrix, carbon fibre and separately encapsulated epoxy, hardener microcapsules were employed. Effect of microcapsules addition and induced damage on the flexural strength of the composite were investigated. It was noticed that flexural strength decreases with the increase in capsules concentration and for 5 wt% capsules reinforced composite flexural strength reduced by 21.73%, 29.32% due to induce of matrix cracking and delamination damage respectively. In order to assess self-healing performance of the composite, different damage events were induced in the composite and healing efficiency was evaluated based on the recovery in flexural strength. Effect of capsules wt%, healing temperature and pressure on the healing efficiency were assessed and noticed higher healing efficiencies at elevated temperature and pressure healing conditions. Healing efficiencies of 71.30%, 54.21% were obtained at optimal healing conditions for matrix cracking, delamination damage recovery respectively. Crack path deflection, crack pinning and capsules rupture mechanisms were observed in the microstructural investigation of fracture surface of capsule reinforced composite.

Evaluation of Microencapsulated Essential Oils in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis: A Focus on the Body's Antioxidant Status, Gut Microbiology, and Morphology.

Restrictions on antibiotic use encourage researchers to seek natural substitutes with the same effects without adverse end effects resulting from antibiotic use. Savory and black pepper have been challenged against <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> (<i>S. enteritidis</i>) bacterium using the spray dryer method to evaluate growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response, and intestinal health parameters in broilers. In this study, thyme essential oil (50%), savory (25%), peppermint (12.5%), and black pepper seeds (12.5%) were mixed to form essential oil-loaded spherical microcapsules with the particle size of 323 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 96.2%. The main bioactive compounds used in the core of microcapsules included thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, and menthol. Moreover, modified starch (25%) and maltodextrin (55%) were used for the preparation of spherical microcapsules for the enclosed wall with 20% whey protein concentrate. The dietary addition of microcapsules containing essential oil significantly reduced the <i>S. enteritidis</i> population in both ileum and cecum (<i>P</i>&lt;0.05). The results revealed that the dietary inclusion of essential oil-loaded microcapsules significantly (<i>P</i>&lt;0.05) increased the villus height, villus width, V: C ratio, and the number of goblet cells and decreased the crypt depth. Microcapsules have antioxidant and antibacterial activity and their dietary use as feed additive at 0.5, 1, and 2 kg/t concentrations in broilers has been challenged and showed that the final weight, total feed intake, and FCR improved the body's antioxidant status, structure, and inflammation in the ileum tissue.

Oat Yogurts Enriched with Synbiotic Microcapsules: Physicochemical, Microbiological, Textural and Rheological Properties during Storage.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of synbiotic microcapsules on oat yogurt’s properties. For this study, four different microcapsules were added into the oat yogurt and the modifications were studied for 28 days. Microbiological analysis was used to analyze the effect of different factors on the microencapsulated probiotic population in the product. Those factors are: the technological process of obtaining microcapsules; the type of prebiotic chicory inulin (INU), oligofructose (OLI) and soluble potato starch (STH); the prebiotic concentrations in the encapsulation matrix; the technological process of obtaining yogurt; and the yogurt storage period, gastric juice action and intestinal juice action. The experimental data show that oat yogurt containing synbiotic microcapsules has similar properties to yogurt without microcapsules, which illustrates that the addition of synbiotic microcapsules does not change the quality, texture or rheological parameters of the product. Oat yogurt with the addition of synbiotic microcapsules can be promoted as a functional food product, which, in addition to other beneficial components (bioactive compounds), has in its composition four essential amino acids (glycine, valine, leucine and glutamine acids) and eight non-essential amino acids (alanine, serine, proline, asparagine, thioproline, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and α-aminopimelic acid). After 28 days of storage in refrigerated conditions, the cell viability of the microcapsules after the action of the simulated intestinal juice were: 9.26 ± 0.01 log10 cfu/g, I STH (oat yogurt with synbiotic microcapsules—soluble potato starch); 9.33 ± 0.01 log10 cfu/g, I INU, 9.18 ± 0.01 log10 cfu/g, I OIL and 8.26 ± 0.04 log10 cfu/g, IG (oat yogurt with microcapsules with glucose). The new functional food product provides consumers with an optimal number of probiotic cells which have a beneficial effect on intestinal health.

Physicochemical properties of yogurt fortified with microencapsulated Sacha Inchi oil

Yogurt can be fortified with polyunsaturated fatty acids such as Sacha Inchi oil (SO) whose stability can be improved by microencapsulation. The comparison on yogurt properties after addition of microcapsules with hydrophobic and hydrophilic wall materials is scare. The aim of this work was to compare physicochemical properties of yogurt during 30-day storage at 4 °C after fortifying with 1 g SO/100-g-yogurt in the unencapsulated or microencapsulated form. Freeze-dried SO microcapsules (FDSOMs) were prepared with hydrophobic zein, and spray-dried SO microcapsules (SDSOMs) were prepared with hydrophilic maltodextrin and modified starch. Yogurt samples had a desirable pH from 3.88 to 4.23 during storage and had a light-yellow appearance. Microcapsules were homogeneously distributed in the yogurt, while big oil droplets were observed for the unencapsulated SO. The addition of SO and microcapsule powders weakened the yogurt network, most significant for FDSOMs due to the most incompatible hydrophobic zein. Syneresis of yogurt samples was 3.09–4.07 g/10-g-yogurt, lowest for the SDSOM treatment. The release of free fatty acids after simulated gastrointestinal digestions was significantly improved for FDSOMs (94.27%) and SDSOMs (103.29%) when compared to the unencapsulated SO (89.20%). Findings from this study may be significant to manufacturing functional yogurts with polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Damping behaviour and self-healing performance evaluation of microcapsules reinforced epoxy composites by impulse excitation technique

Micro cracks developed in the composite structures can be repaired autonomously by incorporating microcapsules-based self-healing approach into the composites. In the current study, in order to employ self-healing composites in different structural applications, damping behaviour and self-healing performance of the composites were evaluated. CY230 epoxy and HY951 hardener were chosen as two different self-healing agents and encapsulated in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) shell material. Dual microcapsules reinforced carbon fibre epoxy composites were fabricated by employing 15wt% of microcapsules at 1:1 weight ratio and 0.5:0.5 weight fractions of matrix reinforcement. Influence of microcapsules addition and induced damages on the damping behaviour and self-healing performance of the pure epoxy and pure carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites were investigated by impulse excitation technique (IET). It was noticed that with the addition of respective optimized 7.5 wt%, 15 wt% microcapsules to pure epoxy and pure CFRP, damping factor of both the composites increased whereas elastic modulus decreased. Compared to capsules reinforced virgin composites, damping factor of damaged composites was higher in both types of composites. Self-healing efficiency of capsules reinforced pure epoxy and carbon fibre epoxy composites were calculated based on the recovery in stiffness of the composites and noticed respective healing efficiencies of 72.05% and 53.72% at optimized healing conditions and microcapsules concentration.

Preparation and application of the novel resin microcapsules in self-repairing cement composites with polypropylene fibers

According to this article, the novel, highly absorbent, resin microcapsules prepared by the sharp hole-bath method, together with the polypropylene fibers, were used in the cementitious materials, with an aim to study the impacts of the dosage of polypropylene fibers, the mass fraction of microcapsules and the curing age on the strength of mortar and its self-repair effect. The uniaxial compression test and the permeability test were also applied to evaluate the mechanical properties of specimens and the self-repair effect of cracks. The results showed that when the amount of microcapsules is 1.5% and the amount of polypropylene fibers is 0.17%, the specimen reaches its peak strength, meanwhile the microcapsules have no negative effect on its initial compressive strength. When the amount of microcapsules is 0.75% and the amount of polypropylene fibers is 0.17%, the strength repair rate and the seepage repair rate of cement-based materials reach the best. In addition, the strength repair rates showed that, compared with the single addition of microcapsules, the ‘bridging effect’ of polypropylene fibers could help microcapsules better complete the crack self-repair work.

Characterization and controlled release of pequi oil microcapsules for yogurt application

Pequi oil is a valuable product for food industries due to its high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids. This work used the complex coacervation technique with cashew gum/chitosan and cashew gum/gelatin matrices to encapsulate pequi oil in the production of enriched yogurt. Both wall materials achieved good results in encapsulation efficiency (>80%), yield (>50%), and loading capacity (<50%). The FTIR data demonstrated the presence of electrostatic interactions, thereby confirming encapsulation, and TGA, DSC and Rancimat data verified the microcapsule's stability. The acid release and temperature resistance results showed greater stability at pH's close to the optimum condition of the coacervation process and at temperatures below 80 °C. Finally, the potential for its application in yogurts was realized, showing that the preparation procedure of yogurt influenced the oil release rate and fatty acid profile, and that the addition of microcapsules should be optimally done during the cooling step.

Preparation of wood furniture cooling coatings based on phase change microcapsules and its performance study

Due to the small thermal conductivity of wooden furniture, there is a better cooling effect in the initial contact with the human body during the summer. However, after long-term contact, heat cannot be exported, resulting in heat accumulation, which affects the thermal comfort. Phase change microcapsules (PCM) can be added to water-based coatings for wood furniture to achieve a lower contact temperature by using the heat absorption properties of its phase change process. Thus, it improves the thermal comfort of the human body for long-term use. In this study, the PCM were added to a water-based paint for wooden furniture. By testing the microscopic properties and thermal properties, it was found that the PCM powder could undergo phase change and absorb heat after dispersing in water-based paint. Secondly, fiberboard coated with different solid content of microencapsulated coatings was tested by homemade equipment at 27 °C room temperature. The results showed that the addition of PCM can significantly change the contact temperature. And as the amount of microcapsules added increased, the cooling effect was more obvious. At the same time, the addition of microcapsules can cause matting of the paint film and have an effect on the hardness of the paint film. Therefore, the cooling effect can be achieved by stacking the paint film or controlling the amount of microcapsules.

A Self-Healing Silicon Anode Via the Addition of Egain-Encapsulated Microcapsules

A Self-Healing Silicon Anode Via the Addition of Egain-Encapsulated Microcapsules