Additional Methods Research Articles

Self-compassion as a factor in the deradicalisation of extremist offenders

The present study investigates the role of self-compassion in generating change amongst violent extremists through a study of terrorist prisoners in Indonesia. The aim is to provide insights into the under-explored role of self-transformation and agency in the deradicalisation process by applying Neff’s concept of self-compassion, which comprises psychological processes of self-kindness, perceptions of common humanity, and mindfulness. The study draws on qualitative data derived from interviews with three terrorist inmates incarcerated in Porong Prison, Indonesia. All three participants were at the time of the interview participating in a deradicalisation program implemented in the prison. Interview data indicate that the components of self-compassion play a role in self-change reported by terrorist inmates. This included the expression of remorse, seeking God's forgiveness, the acceptance of consequences and human frailty, and the ability to not linger or fixate on negative thoughts and past decisions and actions. The results of this study indicate that self-compassion is a potentially important element in the deradicalisation process, and that the development of self-compassion is an additional method by which interventions can assist the process of desistance from violent extremism.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Previous epidemiologic studies have shown a close association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), hyperlipidemia, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the causal relationship has not been established. In the current study the causal relationships between T1DM and hyperlipidemia with IBD were assessed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. A two-sample MR study was conducted utilizing accessible genome-wide association study data from public sources with the selection of suitable instrumental variables adhering to the principles of MR analysis. The primary technique utilized was the inverse variance weighted method, complemented by additional methods, such as MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier approach. Genetically determined T1DM had no causal relationship with IBD or IBD subtypes based on MR analysis. These findings were consistent across all supplementary methods used. In addition, genetically determined hyperlipidemia had no causal relationship with IBD or IBD subtypes, even after increasing the number of instrumental variables used. Our study supports the notion that there is no causal relationship between T1DM and IBD, as well as hyperlipidemia and IBD, which contradicts most observational studies.

Evaluation of the efficacy of different concentrations of nano-capsules containing Talaromyces flavus with two forms of powder and suspension in reducing the incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt.

Previous domestic and foreign studies have shown the significant effect of Talaromyces flavus on growth inhibition of some important plant pathogens including Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. In Iran, it is necessary to produce new formulations of this fungus based on modern technologies given the importance of attracting companies producing biological control agents and transferring the technical knowledge of mass production of formulations of these agents to them. In the present study, based on the method presented in the Pesticide Research Department of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, two types of T. flavus formulations in the form of nano-capsules containing Talaromyces flavus with two forms of powder and suspension were prepared using nanotechnology. In the next step, during the greenhouse examination, the efficiency of each of these new formulations in concentrations of one to five per thousand for soil addition method and concentration of five per thousand for seed impregnation method (six treatments for each of the two new formulations) was compared with the registered formulation of Talaromin in two methods of seed impregnation and soil addition with healthy control and infected control to control cotton Verticillium wilt disease, in the form of a randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and 5 replications. After statistical analysis of the data obtained by Duncan's Multiple Range Test by MS TAT C software, the results showed that in terms of disease severity among treatments with the previous formulation (Talaromin) with each of the methods of soil addition and seed impregnation, there was no statistically significant difference between nano-suspension with each of the concentrations of one, four and five per thousand by the soil addition method and nano-powder with each of the concentrations of two and three per thousand by soil addition method, and the mentioned treatments were included in one statistical group in terms of disease severity with healthy control.

Interlayer bonding improvement of PEEK and CF-PEEK composites with laser-assisted fused deposition modeling

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a cost-effective additive manufacturing technique used to fabricate industrial-grade products with intricate designs using high-performance engineering plastics like Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and their carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced composites. However, the inherent weak interlayer bonding in the FDM results in anisotropic properties, limiting the mechanical strength and hindering widespread applications. In this study, a layer-wise, in-process laser treatment is proposed to enhance the interlayer bonding in the FDM process of both PEEK and CF-PEEK composites. The laser-assisted process selectively treats previously deposited layers, significantly improving the interlayer bonding by enlarging surface contact, reducing voids, and increasing crystallinity. To validate the effectiveness of this method, tensile and bending tests are conducted, accompanied by observations of surface morphology, roughness analysis, and crystallinity measurements. The results demonstrate significant enhancements with over a 20 % increase in tensile strength and 10–20 % increase in bending strength for both materials. This hybrid additive manufacturing method revolutionizes the mechanical properties of printed parts and opens up new possibilities for processing PEEK and CF-PEEK composites.

Review: Inadequate Post-Harvest Processing in PNG Forest and Wood Sectors

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is blessed with a wide range of natural resources, including forestry and lumber. However, unfortunately, the nation is losing out on millions of jobs and billions of dollars in income by exporting these resources in their unprocessed form instead of taking advantage of downstream processing. PNG has the world’s third-largest rainforest, covering 33.6 million hectares and comprising 72.5% of the country’s total land area. It is imperative that the government of PNG makes the most of this valuable natural resource. The raw logging market was once profitable, but it has been in decline since China became PNG’s primary export market in 2009. To find a new source of income, the Forest Revenue Review Team (FRRT) evaluated several processing options, including the construction of large-scale plants for exporting veneer, plywood, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF), sawmills of different sizes, and a small sawmill integrated with a joinery facility. However, implementing these solutions presents various challenges, including the high-cost structure of the PNG economy and the need for national forestry legislation and policy enforcement. To ensure sustainable development and address these obstacles, it is crucial to maximize the value of PNG’s forest resources and economy by encouraging downstream processing of forestry and wood. PNG can achieve economic growth and environmental protection by promoting equitable and sustainable development, monitoring international market trends, and resolving specific issues regarding downstream processing. Despite the challenges, PNG is taking steps to advance value addition and sustainable methods in the forestry industry.

MODEL OF HEAT TRANSFER AND CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS IN THE HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE IN VIT 106 ALLOY IN SELECTIVE LASER MELTING

Metallic glasses are difficult materials to obtain as bulk products because of the need for rapid cooling to avoid crystallization. Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have lower cooling rates than metallic glasses, which allows one to obtain bulk structures but it is hard to achieve by traditional methods. Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing method that processes powders layer by layer to form a part from a three-dimensional model. In SLM, the cooling rate exceeds the critical cooling rate for BMGs, which suggests the possibility of applying SLM to BMG. The purpose of this work is to study the crystallization kinetics at SLM by theoretical analysis of a particular process example. Comparison of the calculations and the experiment indicates the amorphous structure of the remelted material, as well as the presence of a large number of crystal nuclei in the original material.

Using a compute shader for an adaptive particle system

The article proved the hypothesis of high efficiency of using a compute shader for a particle system being capable of tracking and adapting to other objects in a space of the game environment. A comparative description of the performance of the adaptive particle system based on CPU and GPU computing with additional optimization methods was given.

Modern technologies for cultivation of winter wheat on leached chernozems of the Republic North Ossetia-Alania

The purpose of the research was to study and use modern agrobiological principles of adaptive intensification of the technology for cultivating promising introduced varieties of winter wheat, their responsiveness to growth stimulants and winter hardiness of plants, as well as to identify inhibitory functionality in the destruction of weeds, reducing the incidence and number of pests on leached chernozems of the Republic North Ossetia–Alania. The processes of pre-vegetation were studied and it was found that the energy of seeds germination had a positive correlation with air temperature within the range of r=0,68–0,84. A slightly lower correlation coeffi cient (r=0,61–0,68) was noted when taking into account laboratory seeds germination. The maximum weight of 1000 seeds was observed in the varieties Aivina, Vassa and Kameya – 44,8–51,9 g, which was 1,2–8,3 g higher than in the control. High resistance to low temperatures was determined with normal autumn development of plants with sugar content in within 30 % or more. A recommended method for pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds consists of soaking in a 0,1 % aqueous solution of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) for 0,5–1 hour, enveloping with soil from the rhizosphere of Galega eorientalis Lam., thereby increasing the productivity and fertility of soils without additional costs for nitrogen fertilizers. The infl uence of seeding rates and predecessors such as clover and peas on the yield of Batko variety on leached chernozems of the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania was revealed. The optimal germination rate was 89,5 %, when sowing after peas with a seeding rate of 4,5 million pcs/ha, the yield reached 3,7 and 3,8 c/ha after clover and peas, respectively, with a profitability level of 77,7 % for due to the lack of additional technological methods. It was revealed that the biological product Nikfan in mixed with sulfur-containing mineral water as a top dressing for crops during the spring regrowth period after various predecessors contributed to an increase in yield and quality indicators of grain, a profitability level of 51,9 % and a reduction in prime-cost to 5,77 rub./kg.

Monomer release, cell adhesion, and cell viability of indirect restorative materials manufactured with additive, subtractive, and conventional methods.

The aim of this study was to measure residual monomer, cell adhesion, and cell viability of 3-dimensional printable permanent resin (PR), hybrid ceramic block (HCB), and indirect composite (IC) produced with additive, subtractive, and conventional techniques. Five 8 × 8 × 2 mm3 samples of each material were prepared for each experiment. In a 24-h period, monomer release was analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography, and cell viability and adhesion were evaluated with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 statistical software, and results were regarded as significant at α = 0.05. Monomer release (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, and Bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate) was significantly higher in the IC group. Mean cell viability was significantly lower in the HCB group than in the IC group. All monomers in the tested materials were released at rates that were below clinical significance. Cell adhesion rates in the groups were similar. Cytotoxic response was classified as minor in the HCB and PR groups and non-cytotoxic in the IC group.

Evaluation of Malignancy Risk of Ampullary Tumors Detected by Endoscopy Using 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT.

We aimed to investigate whether 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[18F]FDG PET/CT) can aid in evaluating the risk of malignancy in ampullary tumors detected by endoscopy. This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 155 patients (79 male, 76 female; mean age, 65.7 ± 12.7 years) receiving 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT for endoscopy-detected ampullary tumors 5-87 days (median, 7 days) after the diagnostic endoscopy between June 2007 and December 2020. The final diagnosis was made based on histopathological findings. The PET imaging parameters were compared with clinical data and endoscopic features. A model to predict the risk of malignancy, based on PET, endoscopy, and clinical findings, was generated and validated using multivariable logistic regression analysis and an additional bootstrapping method. The final model was compared with standard endoscopy for the diagnosis of ampullary cancer using the DeLong test. The mean tumor size was 17.1 ± 7.7 mm. Sixty-four (41.3%) tumors were benign, and 91 (58.7%) were malignant. Univariable analysis found that ampullary neoplasms with a blood-pool corrected peak standardized uptake value in early-phase scan (SUVe) ≥ 1.7 were more likely to be malignant (odds ratio [OR], 16.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.13-36.18; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified the presence of jaundice (adjusted OR [aOR], 4.89; 95% CI, 1.80-13.33; P = 0.002), malignant traits in endoscopy (aOR, 6.80; 95% CI, 2.41-19.20; P < 0.001), SUVe ≥ 1.7 in PET (aOR, 5.43; 95% CI, 2.00-14.72; P < 0.001), and PET-detected nodal disease (aOR, 5.03; 95% CI, 1.16-21.86; P = 0.041) as independent predictors of malignancy. The model combining these four factors predicted ampullary cancers better than endoscopic diagnosis alone (area under the curve [AUC] and 95% CI: 0.925 [0.874-0.956] vs. 0.815 [0.732-0.873], P < 0.001). The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI, 0.816-0.967) in candidates for endoscopic papillectomy. Adding 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT to endoscopy can improve the diagnosis of ampullary cancer and may help refine therapeutic decision-making, particularly when contemplating endoscopic papillectomy.

Breast Tissue Classification Method Based on Machine Learning

Abstract: Early detection and treatment of breast cancer are very necessary, and effective classification of breast tissue is helpful for the diagnosis of breast cancer; so, a classification method named FT_GA_GBDT is proposed. First, the correlations between the features and classification labels of breast tissue samples were determined, and features with higher correlation were analyzed statistically and combined by weight. Thus, feature transformation (FT) is realized. The datasets were then enhanced by calculating the mean and root mean square of the feature attributes of each adjacent odd- and even-row sample with both belonging to the same class. Finally, the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to search the optimal parameters of the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model, and the optimal parameters were substituted into the GBDT to classify the breast tissue. In addition, the K-nearest-neighbor (KNN), support-vector-machine (SVM) and GBDT methods were also used to test the breast tissue classification. Results of 6-fold cross validation on three breast tissue datasets showed that the average Precision, Recall, and F1 score obtained by the FT_GA_GBDT method were better than those obtained by the KNN, SVM and GBDT methods. The results further show that the FT algorithm and searching for the optimal hyper-parameters by the GA were helpful in improving the performance of the breast tissue classification model, which is more obvious when the correlations between features and classification labels are generally not high.

THERMOCHEMISTRY OF THE DISSOLUTION OF 5,10,15,20-TETRAKIS(1'-CARBOXYMETHYL-PYRID-4-YL)PORPHYRIN TETRACHLORIDE AND 5,10,15,20-TETRAKIS(1'- CARBOXYMETHYL -PYRID-4-YL)PORPHYRIN TETRABROMIDE AT 298.15 K

5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1'-carboxymethylpyrid-4-yl)porphyrin tetrachloride (1) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1'-carboxymethylpyrid-4-yl)porphyrin tetrabromide (2) were synthesized. Water-soluble tetrapyridylporphine derivatives are salts of halides with multicharged cations with a complex aromatic structure. Thermal effects of dissolution of crystalline tetrapyridylporphins (1) and (2) in water and in aqueous solutions of KOH at 298.15 K were determined by direct calorimetric method. The integral enthalpies of dissolution were measured on a variable temperature calorimeter with an isothermal shell that we designed. The reaction part of the calorimeter and all internal parts in contact with the solution are made of titanium alloy VT-1. The volume of the calorimetric cell was ~60 cm3. The stability of the thermostating system during calorimetric measurements was maintained with an accuracy of 10–3 K. The standard enthalpies of formation of compounds were calculated using the additive group method. This method takes into account the influence of the primary environment for atoms. The values of the standard enthalpy of tetrapyridylporphine formation and its dissociation products in an aqueous solution were obtained for the first time. They are key quantities in the thermochemistry of this compound, open up the possibility of conducting rigorous thermodynamic calculations in systems with tetrapyridylporphine. The differences in thermochemistry of porphyrins (1) and (2) related to different counter-ion (chloride or bromide) opens a possibility to use solution calorimetry for distinguishing between these ions, which can be useful in some industrial applications.

DETERMINAÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE Cu, Fe E Zn EM CAMAPU POR ICP-OES

DETERMINATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF Cu, Fe, AND Zn IN CAMAPU BY ICP-OES. This study aimed to determine the total contents of copper, iron, and zinc in camapu and protein fractions by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. Firstly, lipid removal was performed using chloroform and methanol (2:1). Protein fractions were obtained after sequential extraction using four extractors (water, 0.5 mol L-1 sodium chloride, 50% acetic acid v v-1 and 0.05 mol L-1 sodium hydroxide). The camapu sample and protein fractions were digested in a cavity-microwave oven with diluted nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The accuracy of the procedure was evaluated using the addition and recovery method in the digests and protein extracts. All the elements were determined in the protein fractions. Levels of Cu, Fe, and Zn ranged from 0.07 to 0.5 mg kg-1 were found in the lipid fraction. The residue presented higher iron content compared to other elements. Higher Cu and Zn contents were found associated with albumin. All elements studied were found in the protein fractions, and the total protein concentration determined in each protein fraction was 5.74 mg kg-1 (albumins), 0.28 mg kg-1 (globulins), 4.46 mg kg-1 (glutelins 1) and 0.46 mg kg-1 (glutelins 2).

Implementacija dvofaktorske autentifikacije u računarskim sistemima

Introduction/purpose: The paper explores the implementation of two-factor authentication (2FA) in computer systems, addressing the increasing need for enhanced security. It highlights the vulnerabilities of password-based authentication and emphasizes the advantages of 2FA in mitigating digital threats. The development of the VoiceAuth application, integrating 2FA through a combination of password and voice authentication, serves as a practical illustration. Methods: The research adopts a three-tier architecture for the VoiceAuth application, encompassing a database, server-side REST API, and client-side single-page application. Speaker verification is employed for voice authentication, analyzing elements like pitch, rhythm, and vocal tract shapes. The paper also discusses possibilities for future upgrades, suggesting enhancements such as real-time voice verification and additional 2FA methods. Results: The application's implementation involves a detailed breakdown of the REST API architecture, Single Page Applications (SPAs), and the Speaker Verification service. Conclusion: The research underscores the crucial role of two-factor authentication (2FA) in bolstering the security of computer systems. The VoiceAuth application serves as a practical demonstration, showcasing the successful integration of 2FA through a combination of password and voice authentication. The modular architecture of the application allows for potential upgrades.

Prospects and Future Scope of Self-healing Composites

A biomaterial is a component that has been developed to interact with biological systems for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in medicine. Tissue engineering, bioprinting, and regenerative medicine are just a few of the increasingly complex fields where biomaterials are being used. These applications frequently require difficult or even paradoxical combinations of biomaterial qualities that cannot be satisfied by traditional biomaterials. Many novel proposals have been introduced over the past 10 years to make biomaterials self-healing, opening up fresh possibilities for enhancing the functionality of conventional biomaterials. Thus, the selfhealing composite that will be discussed in the present article is one such biomaterial that comes into play. Self-healing composites are composites that automatically heal in the area where damage has occurred. This material draws inspiration from the way our body heals itself through regenerative processes, and these self-healing composites utilise various additional healing methods as well. This paper outlines the various aspects of self-healing composites and their types, with a focus on capsule-based and vascular self-healing systems. As a complement to previous reviews, this paper provides insights into the diverse self-repairing concepts proposed so far, as well as compares the study of healing mechanisms and manufacturing approaches for the assembly of capsule and vascular networks. The current concept of self-healing polymers provides advanced avenues for secure, longer-lasting, and more durable products and parts across a wide range of industries, such as veneers, electronics, transport, and energy

Categorizing Indian states based on operating condition of photovoltaic system

Electricity generation of a photovoltaic (PV) module is primarily affected by local weather conditions, which vary significantly across vast geographic areas. This work introduces an approach to categorize Indian states based on outdoor operating conditions of PV modules that influence performance and reliability. Module temperature and irradiance are the two most important parameters which affect PV performance. Relative humidity (RH), module temperature, and global horizontal irradiance (GHI) are the three most important parameters that affect PV reliability. In this work, the PV module's most frequent operating condition (MFOC) of temperature and irradiance corresponding to maximum energy production has been analyzed for dominant PV technology (multi-crystalline silicon). Data from various sites across India were analyzed and subsequently grouped by state as PV installation decisions are generally based on state-level factors, such as state business policies, incentives, availability of local human resources, state power policies, etc. The MFOC method used in this work was supported by experimental results. Based on estimated states' MFOC, PV module output power has been obtained and compared with its rated power. Further in this work, major stressors affecting PV modules namely average RH, module temperature, and total annual GHI have been analyzed for different Indian states. Based on these specific stressors, states with similar stressor patterns have been grouped by the k-means clustering method. Results of MFOC estimation show potential for additional standardization methods to estimate PV system performance accurately. Statistical analysis of stressors highlights the importance of selecting PV technology modules carefully.

The controlled engineering of surface oxygen defects on Bi2Zr2O7 compounds for catalytic soot combustion by adjusting the preparation methods.

The quantity of surface oxygen vacancies/defects is critical to promote the reactivity of metal oxide catalysts. Therefore, for the controlled engineering of Bi2Zr2O7 with rich surface defects for soot combustion, four different methods have been adopted. Bi2Zr2O7 compounds with a defective fluorite phase but with varied surface vacancy concentrations have been successfully synthesized by various methods. The best catalyst (Bi2Zr2O7-CP) was fabricated by a facile co-precipitation method. Both O2- and O22- were the active surface sites whose number positively correlated to the number of surface oxygen vacancies and determined the activity. Moreover, a sample with more surface vacancies usually had weaker Zr-O bonds, which could be the intrinsic factor to enhance the activity. In addition, a novel and simple method has been developed to accurately titrate the absolute amount of soot reactive oxygen sites and calculate the TOF values. In conclusion, by optimizing the preparation methods, Bi2Zr2O7 catalysts with rich surface defects can be tuned, which may help in designing more applicable soot oxidation catalysts.

КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ ДЕТЕЙ С НАСЛЕДСТВЕННЫМИ НАРУШЕНИЯМИ РАЗВИТИЯ СОЕДИНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ТКАНИ И ИХ РОДИТЕЛЕЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО КОНТРОЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПОЛИКЛИНИКИ

Purpose of the study. To assess the quality of life of children with hereditary disorders of connective tissue development and their parents during dynamic monitoring in a polyclinic. Material and methods. In the period from 2020 to 2023, the patients were under dispensary observation. The main group of patients (n=30) and the comparison group (n=30) are presented. At the beginning of treatment, the average age was 4.7±0.5 years. For patients of the two groups, therapeutic measures were proposed, which included back massage (ten sessions once in 4 months), electrical stimulation of the back muscles (ten sessions once in 6 months), and a physical therapy complex. Additionally, patients from the main group were prescribed sessions at the school "Posture Correction", swimming, bracing, additional physiotherapy complexes (electrical stimulation of the back – 3 courses of 10 sessions per year), back massage (10 sessions every month), diet and vitamin therapy for 3 years. The quality of life was assessed using the PedsQL questionnaire. Results. It was statistically significantly proved that during the period of dispensary observation, the patients of the main group and their parents improved physical parameters in 65.0% of cases (in the comparison group in 20.3% of cases), p=0.016; emotional parameters improved in 59.8% of cases (in the comparison group in 21.0% of cases), p=0.014. At the same time, a satisfactory muscular corset was visualized, which was confirmed by additional examination methods (electroneuromyography, stabilometry); complications from the osteoarticular system were reduced. In patients from the comparison group and their parents, the quality of life did not change statistically significantly. The patients noted hypotonia of the back muscles in 53% of cases and pain on palpation along the spine in the thoracic region in 37.3% of cases (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions. Over time, in the main group, the number of complications from the osteoarticular system was minimized and the quality of life in patients of the main group and their parents significantly improved.

Microstructure and properties of a shape memory alloy Ti–Ni–Al–V fabricated by double-wire arc additive manufacturing

In this study, a novel heterogeneous double-wire arc additive manufacturing method was used for the in-situ synthesis of a novel Ti–Ni–Al–V alloy wall. The results indicated that the synthesis wall was composed of the NiTi2, B2, and Ni4Ti3 phases from the bottom to the top. With an increase in deposition layers, the Ti2Ni content decreased. The hardness at the bottom was ∼685.4 HV0.2, while that of the middle and stable regions was 553 HV0.2. The maximum compressive strength was 2100 MPa. The fracture morphology was brittle. After cyclic compression, the recoverable and unrecoverable strains were 4.79 % and 1.21 %, respectively, indicating excellent recovery characteristics.

Analysis of the influence of the stress-strain state of oil and gas equipment metal on the parameters of electromagnetic-acoustic conversion

In the oil and gas industry, to assess the technical condition of equipment, diagnostic methods and tools are used aimed at identifying defects that are unacceptable, according to regulatory documents. In places where mechanical stress is concentrated, microdefects in the metal structure arise, which, under the influence of static and dynamic loads, develop into macrodefects that cause equipment destruction. To identify areas of concentration of mechanical stress and localize metal microdamages, it is proposed to use a non-contact, high-performance electromagnetic-acoustic diagnostic method. But existing electromagnetic-acoustic diagnostic tools lack sensitivity and information content. The article provides an analysis of the influence of the stress-strain state of the metal on the parameters of electromagnetic-acoustic transformation in order to identify additional informative parameters and methods for their processing to solve the problem of identifying the stress-strain state and damage to the metal structure of oil and gas equipment.