Psychology Of Addiction Research Articles

Mobile Phone Dependence of College Students: Basis for A Course of Action

This research investigates Mobile Phone Dependence (MPD) among university students at X University, revealing a 100% smartphone ownership rate, with 33.4% experiencing MPD. Factors contributing to MPD include social allure, negative consumer culture, chaotic online practices, and the absence of real-world support. School-related factors include outdated teaching methods, inadequate guidance, while family factors implicate parental influence and neglect. Personal factors involve weak self-discipline, unclear goals, loneliness, psychological needs, and addiction psychology. MPD impacts academics, social skills, physical and mental health, economics, consumer mindset, and behavior. Demographic variables exhibit significant variations in MPD. The study recommends multifaceted interventions, emphasizing social governance, higher education, family education, and self-education, supported by collaborative governance. Future research should deepen fundamental theories, expand survey scope, strengthen empirical research, and employ action research for effective implementation of intervention strategies. Action research involves forming a multidisciplinary team, engaging stakeholders, assessing the current scenario, designing targeted interventions, and continuously adapting strategies based on real-time data. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of MPD and offers a strategic framework for addressing this issue among college students.

Education and Training in Addiction Medicine and Psychology across Europe: A EUFAS Survey

Introduction: Training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology is essential to ensure the quality of treatment for patients with substance use disorders. Some earlier research has shown varying training between countries, but no comprehensive study of addiction training across Europe has been performed. The present study by the European Federation for Addiction Societies (EUFAS) aimed to fill this gap. Methods: A Delphi process was used to develop a questionnaire on specialist training in addiction treatment in 24 European countries. The final questionnaire consisted of 14 questions on either addiction medicine or addiction psychology, covering the nature and content of the training and institutional approval, the number of academic professorial positions, and the estimated number of specialists in each country. Results: Information was not received from all countries, but six (Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Poland, and Romania) reported no specialized addiction medicine training, while 17 countries did. Seven countries (Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands) reported no specialized addiction psychology training, while 14 countries did. Training content and evaluation methods varied. Approval was given either by governments, universities, or professional societies. Eighteen countries reported having professorships in addiction medicine and 12 in addiction psychology. The number of specialists in addiction medicine or psychology varied considerably across the countries. Discussion: The survey revealed a large heterogeneity in training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology across Europe. Several countries lacked formal training, and where formal training was present, there was a large variation in the length of the training. Harmonization of training, as is currently the case for other medical and psychology specializations, is warranted to ensure optimal treatment for this under-served patient group.

The development and evaluation of a provider-focused educational intervention about alcohol use disorder in patients with cirrhosis.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a leading cause of cirrhosis. Insufficient clinician knowledge and comfort managing AUD impacts access to treatment. Using Kern's Framework for Curriculum Development, we aimed to (i) develop and evaluate the effect of an "AUD in cirrhosis" educational intervention on clinicians' knowledge, attitudes, comfort, preparedness, and intention (practice habits) to integrate AUD management into their practice, and (ii) assess clinicians' motivation using Self Determination Theory. Kern's approach was used for curriculum development. Pilot session feedback informed a three-part flipped-classroom series conducted by interdisciplinary clinicians in hepatology, psychiatry, primary care, and addiction psychology. Participants watched a video followed by a live session focused on (a) withdrawal, (b) screening and brief intervention, and (c) prescribing pharmacotherapy. Questionnaires assessing knowledge and practice habits were adapted from the literature. Attitudes were evaluated using the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ). Self Determination Theory informed motivation questions. Paired sample t-tests on pre-post questionnaires (n = 229 clinicians; 95 completed questionnaires) revealed significant improvements in preparedness and comfort screening, providing a brief intervention, prescribing pharmacotherapy, and SAAPPQ domains. No significant changes were observed in the intention to prescribe pharmacotherapy. Effect size analysis showed medium to large effects across most topic areas. The developed sessions improved knowledge, attitudes, and practice habits of clinicians caring for this patient population. Given the rise in AUD and significant consequences in cirrhosis, this data offers promise that interactive education may improve practice habits of clinicians interfacing with this patient population.

Psychology of addiction in the framework of the theory of the scientific psychological school of N.P. Fetiskin

Psychology of addiction in the framework of the theory of the scientific psychological school of N.P. Fetiskin

Initial Validation and Findings From the Willing/Ready Subscale of the Church Addiction Response Scale.

Addiction has been a global health crisis over recent decades and worsened substantially during COVID-19 lockdowns. We report on the development, validation, and findings from an instrument developed to assess the readiness of churches in the Appalachian Highlands to address addiction. The Church Addiction Response Scale (CARS) is a 41-item, three section measure assessing “What are your views about addiction?” (14 items), “What are your views about interacting with people who are addicted to drugs?” (11 items), and “What do you think the church’s role is in addressing addiction?” (16 items). The CARS was found to be unidimensional with strong internal consistency and initial evidence of construct validity was positive. Most respondents reported willingness to assist people living with addiction, but many reported that they felt underprepared, thus were not ready. Areas of preparation were largely those that could be addressed through training, such as understanding the physiology and psychology of addiction, available treatment options, and how to avoid doing harm. Thus, with adequate training, the likelihood of equipping a church-based workforce to provide support for people living with addiction seems attainable.

A pluralistic account of degrees of control in addiction

While some form of loss of control is often assumed to be a common feature of the diverse manifestations of addiction, it is far from clear how loss of control should be understood. In this paper, I put forward a concept of decrease in control in addiction that aims to fill this gap and thus provide a general framework for thinking about addictive behavior. The development of this account involves two main steps. First, I present a view of degrees of control as the degree to which an agent would be responsive to potential or counterfactual sufficient reasons to do otherwise. Second, I sketch an account of the relevant control-undermining factors in addiction that is consonant with my proposed view of degrees of control. Being a high-level functional property, reasons-responsiveness is particularly well suited to frame an account of control-undermining factors that is doubly pluralistic: it encompasses the contribution of factors both internal and external to the agent, and it is consistent with various proposals as to the precise nature of the anomaly taking place in the psychology of addiction.

A Discussion of Darren Haber’s Paper: Through The Lens of Intersubjective Self Psychology

ABSTRACT Two principal resources will be used to discuss Darren Haber’s paper Simulated Selfhood, Authentic Dialogue: An Intersubjective Systems Look at Treating Addiction. They are Intersubjective Self Psychology: A Primer and Narcissus in Wonderland: The Self Psychology of Addiction and its Treatment. Both of these resources provide a different and more complete way of understanding this excellent case presentation.

A Neurobehavioral Approach to Addiction: Implications for the Opioid Epidemic and the Psychology of Addiction

Two major questions about addictive behaviors need to be explained by any worthwhile neurobiological theory. First, why do people seek drugs in the first place? Second, why do some people who use drugs seem to eventually become unable to resist drug temptation and so become “addicted”? We will review the theories of addiction that address negative-reinforcement views of drug use (i.e., taking opioids to alleviate distress or withdrawal), positive-reinforcement views (i.e., taking drugs for euphoria), habit views (i.e., growth of automatic drug-use routines), incentive-sensitization views (i.e., growth of excessive “wanting” to take drugs as a result of dopamine-related sensitization), and cognitive-dysfunction views (i.e., impaired prefrontal top-down control), including those involving competing neurobehavioral decision systems (CNDS), and the role of the insula in modulating addictive drug craving. In the special case of opioids, particular attention is paid to whether their analgesic effects overlap with their reinforcing effects and whether the perceived low risk of taking legal medicinal opioids, which are often prescribed by a health professional, could play a role in the decision to use. Specifically, we will address the issue of predisposition or vulnerability to becoming addicted to drugs (i.e., the question of why some people who experiment with drugs develop an addiction, while others do not). Finally, we review attempts to develop novel therapeutic strategies and policy ideas that could help prevent opioid and other substance abuse.

Unfair play? Video games as exploitative monetized services: An examination of game patents from a consumer protection perspective

Video games as a consumer product have changed significantly with the advent of in-game purchasing systems (e.g., microtransactions, ‘loot boxes’). This review examines consumer protections related to in-game purchasing by anticipating some of the potential design strategies that might contribute to higher risk consumer behavior. Attention was directed towards the analysis of patents for potential in-game purchasing systems, with 13 identified on Google Patents. The design features were analysed in relation to the consumer rights and guarantees described in the terms of use agreements of the patent assignees. The analysis revealed that some in-game purchasing systems could be characterized as unfair or exploitative. These systems describe tactics that capitalize on informational advantages (e.g., behavioral tracking) and data manipulation (e.g., price manipulation) to optimize offers to incentivize continuous spending, while offering limited or no guarantees or protections (e.g., refund entitlement), with the potential to exploit vulnerable players (e.g., adolescents, problematic gamers). These findings are critically discussed in relation to behavioral economics, addiction psychology, and the clinical conceptualization of gaming disorder. Appropriate policy and consumer protection measures, psychologically informed interventions, and ethical game design guidelines are needed in order to protect the interests and wellbeing of consumers.

Addiction psychology of Drugs and Alcohol Causes and Treatment

Addiction psychology of Drugs and Alcohol is a serious phenomenon in most societies. This phenomenon makes people confused toward some adolescents and unsound sons. The problem statement is represented by that thisphenomenon is one of phenomena which affects negatively on the society and educational institutions. So, this paper seeks to identify this phenomenon size, its causes, its treatment methods, and how to control it in real and good way. This paper concludes with several causes and treatments which benefits the drugtreatment practitioners and educators and which related to the real situation for addicted people of drug and alcohol

СЛОВО О Н. П. ФЕТИСКИНЕ (памяти ушедшего друга), "Методология и история психологии"

November 24, 2017 suddenly the life of Nikolay Petrovich Fetiskin, the famous and authoritative Russian psychologist, ended. V. A. Mazilov, the psychologist and his closest friend, shares his memories and experiences, involuntarily assesses the life path of N. P. Fetiskin, his personality, scientiic research, organizational, pedagogical and publishing activities. N. P. Fetiskin is a man with a broad soul, ebullient energy, sociable and cheerful, appreciating the life in all its manifestations, a caring friend and family man, easy on the rise, ready to help even strangers. N. P. Fetiskin's field of research interests is diverse: methodology and history of psychology, psychophysiology, psychology of emotions, labor psychology, social psychology, organizational psychology, pedagogical psychology, family psychology, ethnopsychology, sports psychology, legal psychology, gender psychology, stress psychology, acmeology, deviantology, addiction psychology, psychodiagnos-tics, psychological publicism, etc. Throughout his life, N. P. Fetiskin mastered new horizons of science, conducted innovative research, brought up a large number of scientific disciples. Under his direction, the scientiic collectives worked successfully, what is relected in a large number of publications. N. P. Fetiskin's departure from the life is a grievous loss for the family, friends, fellow scientists, this is a great loss for Russian psychology.

The whys and the hows of psychosocial approaches to addiction

© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, IncThe field of addiction psychology attempts to addresses a major social problem. Yet, discourse within the discipline suggests a biological focus, driven by disease-model of addiction, has caused our understanding to be too narrow. In contrast, psychosocial approaches conceptualize the phenomena from various perspectives. We here bring together papers utilizing a variety of methods in the context of substance use and mis-use. These explore the effects that alcohol primes have on attentional control, how procrastination may predict hazardous drinking, the typology of “pre-drinking” motivations and the effects of dyadic membership. It also looks at prevention in terms of public health messaging and also heroin use uptake. We hope showcasing these studies will encourage addiction researchers to widen the scope and method of their enquiries.

Inanimate attachments, dangerous desires: A psychodynamic view of addiction

A puzzling absence at the heart of the psychology of addiction is the (relative) absence of contemporary psychodynamic perspectives. This paper gives an overview of the ways addiction can be conceptualised psychodynamically and outlines some of the advantages of psychodynamic understandings in formulation and treatment.

The Sooner You Drink It All, the More Time You Will Have Thereafter

Many reindeer herders of the Taz tundra have problems with excessive alcohol consumption and most of them are fully aware of these problems and the risks associated with them. In order to mitigate these risks, the reindeer herders have built up a range of strategies for alcohol consumption, which aim to limit this consumption to periods and circumstances when the damage (in economic and social terms) it produces is likely to be less significant, to shorten the periods of drinking (zapoi), and to limit the amount of alcohol available. For example, reindeer herders choose their camping places in such a way that the distance between them and the village is big enough to deter the herders from starting for the village in the middle of the night to bring vodka. Nowadays, this strategy seems to affect the migration patterns in important ways. Other strategies include limiting artificially the space available in a reindeer sledge (or on a snowmobile) when going to the village (which would limit the number of vodka bottles the herder can bring back), trying to consume (preferably in a big company of other herders) all the alcohol one has as soon as possible, and some others. The paper analyses these strategies using the theory of alcohol craving developed in the field of addiction psychology. It shows that the strategies can indeed be effective in the circumstances of the nomadic way of life, but they become maladaptive once nomads settle in villages.

The Addict in Us all.

In this paper, we contend that the psychology of addiction is similar to the psychology of ordinary, non-addictive temptation in important respects, and explore the ways in which these parallels can illuminate both addiction and ordinary action. The incentive salience account of addiction proposed by Robinson and Berridge (1–3) entails that addictive desires are not in their nature different from many of the desires had by non-addicts; what is different is rather the way that addictive desires are acquired, which in turn affects their strength. We examine these “incentive salience” desires, both in addicts and non-addicts, contrasting them with more cognitive desires. On this account, the self-control challenge faced by addicted agents is not different in kind from that faced by non-addicted agents – though the two may, of course, differ greatly in degree of difficulty. We explore a general model of self-control for both the addict and the non-addict, stressing that self-control may be employed at three different stages, and examining the ways in which it might be strengthened. This helps elucidate a general model of intentional action.

The Psychology of Gaming and its Investment in Asia-Pacific

Gambling has been a component of almost all Asia-Pacific countries. Like other business enterprises, gambling has given large revenue to the government aside from entertaining its people. However, on the other hand, gambling has been the cause of lost lives, broken families, and deteriorating quality of life. But why do people gamble? This paper tried to answer that question using data from a variety of studies on the psychology of addiction to gambling and its socio-economic implications for the Asia-Pacific region.KEYWORDS: Gaming psychology, investment in gambling, gambling in investment,commercial gambling, Asia-Pacific region, Manila Bay Resorts

Food and Addiction: A Comprehensive Handbook

KELLY D. BROWNELL AND MARK S. GOLD (EDITORS): Food and Addiction: A Comprehensive Handbook. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2012, 462 pp., $96.86, ISBN 978-0-19-973816-8.This volume is edited by Mark S. Gold, M.D., a substance abuse researcher and Chair of Psychiatry at the University of Florida and Kelly D. Brownell, PhD., Professor of Psychology and Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, and Director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity at Yale University. It is a collection of 66 short (5 to 8 pages) chapters written by 107 contributors. The volume is divided into seven Parts:I) The Neurobiology and Psychology of Addiction,II) Regulation of Eating and Body Weight,III) Research on Food and Addiction,IV) Clinical Approaches and Implications,V) Public Health Approaches and Implication,VI) Legal and Policy Implications, andVII) Concluding Comments.The volume compiles the proceedings of a 2007 meeting at Yale that assembled leading researchers in the fields of nutrition, obesity, and addiction. This meeting had its origins in the work of Bartley Hoebel and colleagues at Princeton University. They explored, in an animal model, whether sugar could be a substance of abuse and promote a form of addiction. According to Hoebel, is a plausible concept because the brain pathways that evolved to respond to natural rewards are also activated by drugs. Thus sugar, as a substance that releases opioids and dopamine, might also be expected to have potential.Food and Addiction is ambitious in scope. It broadly covers the topics of addiction and obesity, including chapters on the neurobiology of addiction and the regulation of energy balance. Its primary goal is to identify the factors interfering with healthy eating amidst the rampant increase of global obesity and its associated health risks. The editors' contention is that the addictive of may be one such factor.The secondary goal is to separate popular cultural and clinical anecdotal notions of addiction from scientific data. By bringing together the work of leading experts on a broad range of topics pertaining to food addiction, the editors proposed to address this subject from the vantage point of AND addiction-the impact of food on the brains of everyday people. This is posed as an important differentiating concept from addic- tion.The editors query:1) whether food and addiction is a concept worth pursuing; if it is,2) whether exploration of the notion that some foods might act on the brain as substances is instructive; and3) if certain foods can be considered addictive, whether there might be justification for restricting their marketing, particularly to vul- nerable populations, such as youth.Initially, the editors' concept of food AND addiction raises hopes for a neutral scientific exploration of the concept that certain foods might link to the same neural pathways in the brain as do drugs and alcohol, and thus be addictive. However, although the editors seem to want to separate themselves from the anecdotal notion of (and caution us about this notion) they do not succeed. At best, it seems that a bias towards this concept appears throughout the book as a foregone conclusion, with the added assumption that public policy should follow suit.Needless to say, foods laden with sugar, fats and salt are highly palatable and health hazard on their own merits. The introduction high- lights Frankenfoods, which are processed to dizzy the imagination with their colors, tastes, smells, textures, and other sensory properties (p. xxii). However, the questions that need to be addressed in the present context are: is food addictive? If so, which ones and how much? How does one identify items? Is everyone an addict? If not, who is more vulnerable and why? …

Prevalence of training in addiction psychology and treatment in APA-accredited clinical and counseling psychology doctoral programs

Clinical and counseling psychologists trained in the United States have reported receiving little or no formal education in substance use disorders (SUD). We, therefore, sought to determine the extent to which American Psychological Association (APA) accredited doctoral programs in clinical and counseling psychology provide education in addictive disorders., Based on past research, we predicted that (a) most doctoral programs would not offer formal SUD training courses; (b) the available courses would more likely be elective than required; (c) Psy.D. (Doctor of Psychology) programs would be more likely to offer required SUD courses than Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical and Counseling Psychology) programs; and (d) Psy.D. programs would have a higher number of faculty members who include SUD in the topics of their research interests than Ph.D. programs. We thoroughly surveyed curriculum webpages of all APA-accredited clinical and counseling psychology programs. We tallied the number of programs that offered courses in SUD (required and elective courses) and the number of faculty members who listed SUD (or an addiction) as one of their clinical and/or research interests. In general, our hypotheses were supported. We found that 30.8% of all surveyed programs offered SUD courses, supporting past research and our hypotheses that SUD training is scant among clinical and counseling psychology programs. While psychologists are increasingly required to provide addiction services in clinical practice, too many psychologists finish graduate school with no formal training to understand, assess, and treat individuals with an SUD.

G. Alan Marlatt: 1941–2011

In his extraordinarily productive research career, G. Alan Marlatt contributed to and anticipated by decades a variety of major changes in the treatment of substance use disorders. This article briefly reviews and comments on his contributions to addiction psychology, cognitive–behavior therapy, alcohol expectancies, relapse prevention, moderation goals, harm reduction, and mindfulness meditation research. He departed suddenly and too soon, but left us with a rich heritage for more effective and humane treatment of those who suffer with addiction.

The psychological science of addiction

To discuss the contributions and future course of the psychological science of addiction. The psychology of addiction includes a tremendous range of scientific activity, from the basic experimental laboratory through increasingly broad relational contexts, including patient-practitioner interactions, families, social networks, institutional settings, economics and culture. Some of the contributions discussed here include applications of behavioral principles, cognitive and behavioral neuroscience and the development and evaluation of addiction treatment. Psychology has at times been guilty of proliferating theories with relatively little pruning, and of overemphasizing intrapersonal explanations for human behavior. However, at its best, defined as the science of the individual in context, psychology is an integrated discipline using diverse methods well-suited to capture the multi-dimensional nature of addictive behavior. Psychology has a unique ability to integrate basic experimental and applied clinical science and to apply the knowledge gained from multiple levels of analysis to the pragmatic goal of reducing the prevalence of addiction.