Adaptive Skills Research Articles

Adaptative Skills and Global Functioning of Unaccompanied Migrant Minors in Europe: A Systematised Review.

This systematised review aimed to examine European literature reporting data about adaptative skills and global external functioning of unaccompanied minors (UAMs). We conducted a systematised screening of four databases (APA PsycINFO Ovid, Medline Ovid ALL, Embase.com and Web Of Science Core Collection) using a research strategy including social, scholarly and behavioural abilities as well as externalising problems associated with the target population of UAMs. Thirty articles were included using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our review showed that despite high levels of internalising disorders, socio-behavioural and educational adjustment of UAMs remained positive. It demonstrated how this population displays a strong desire for academic success and prosocial behaviours instead of aggressivity in everyday life. Nevertheless, our review drew attention to the strong tendency of UAMs to internalise their disorders and display chronic distress and problematic behaviours which increased with time spent in the host country. Our study draws attention to the risk of underestimating the real mental health needs of refugees, due to preserved external functioning combined with significant settlement pressures.

The Effects of Discrete Trial and Natural Environment Teaching on Adaptive Behavior in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The literature has yet to review the differential effects of Natural Environment Teaching (NET) and Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) on adaptive skills. A sample of 142 children diagnosed with ASD between the ages of 16 and 35 months received either DTT, NET, or both interventions (NET+ DTT). The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) Adaptive Subscale and the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) Barriers Assessment were used as baseline and posttest measures. Children who received NET and NET+DTT conditions showed significant improvements compared to the DTT condition indicating that the addition of NET leads to increased adaptive skills and decreased barrier behaviors in participants. DTT may also play a necessary foundational role for children with more significant delays. These results provide support for the use of a combination of teaching strategies in community-based early intervention and refine protocols for teaching adaptive skills to toddlers with ASD.

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses Type 7 (CLN7)- A Case Series Reporting Cross Sectional and Retrospective Clinical Data to Evaluate Validity of Standardized Tools to Assess Disease Progression, Quality of Life, and Adaptive Skills.

This study evaluated the clinical characteristics of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 7 or CLN7 disease spectrum to characterize the clinical, electrophysiologic and neuroimaging phenotypes. We performed a single-center cross sectional data collection along with retrospective medical chart review in patients with a genetic diagnosis of CLN7. This study received ethical approval by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Institutional Review Board. A total of 8 patients were included between the ages of 4 to 6 years. All patients had a genetic diagnosis of CLN7 with homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the MFSD8 gene. The information collected includes patient demographics, developmental history, neurological events including seizures and neurodevelopmental regression along with further evaluation of brain magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological findings. The clinical phenotype is described through cross sectional and retrospective data collection and standardized tools assessing quality of life and functional skills. Our findings in this cohort of CLN7 patients indicated that development is initially normal with onset of clinical symptoms as early as two years of age. Language problems were noted prior to or at the onset of seizures in all cases. Gait problems were noted prior to seizure onset in 3 of 8 patients, and at or within 6 months after the onset of seizures in 5 of 8 patients. All patients followed a progressive course of language, motor, and neurocognitive deterioration. Congruent with the medical history, our patients had significantly low scores on adaptive abilities. Natural history data such as this can be used to support future clinical trial designs.

Highest order moderation of extraversion and neuroticism into the relationship between job stress and flourishing: Mediated by readiness to change among Chinese medical teachers

This study investigates the mediating role of Readiness to Change in the relationship between job stress and flourishing among Chinese medical teachers, as well as the highest order moderation of Extraversion and Neuroticism into this relationship. The research utilized a quantitative approach, surveying a sample of Chinese Medical Education teachers (N = 500) consisted of 342 males and 158 females with an age range between 30 and 65 (M = 43.69; SD = 9.31). The average tenure in the education landscape was 12.39 years (SD = 10.91) through an online platform. The primary aim was to explore how readiness attitudes influence the well-being and work capacity of Teachers in high-stress medical teaching environments. The survey incorporated self-assessment instruments to measure job stress, Readiness to Change attitudes, levels of flourishing, and personality traits (Extraversion and Neuroticism). Statistical analyses, including mediation models, were employed to test the relationships between these variables. Preliminary findings suggest a significant mediating role of Readiness to Change into the effects of job stress on flourishing and a moderation of extraversion into this relationship. The findings also failed to support the moderation of Neuroticism into the relationships, while the Higher order moderation showed a statistical marginal value. This indicates that effective readiness attitudes may not only mitigate the negative impacts of job stress but also enhance personal well-being and professional capacity. These results hold critical implications for the development of support systems and interventions aimed at fostering resilience and adaptive skills among medical teachers. Such initiatives could potentially improve job satisfaction, mental health, and teaching effectiveness in medical education settings. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on occupational stress and coping mechanisms in the educational sector, particularly within the field of medical education.

Strategy to Strengthen the Resilience of Migrant Boat Crews in Taiwan

This study aims to understand the resilience strategies of migrant crew on Taiwanese fishing vessels in the face of stress and pressure at work. Using a qualitative approach, this study involved in-depth interviews with seven resource persons who were migrant fishermen in Taiwan. The snowball sampling technique was used to select interviewees who had previously worked on Taiwanese fishing vessels. Data collection was conducted through interviews to gain comprehensive insights into the experiences and resilience strategies of migrant fishermen. The results showed that migrant fishermen are exposed to various sources of stress and pressure in the workplace, including hazardous working conditions, distance from family and home, work pressure, and poor accommodation conditions. However, the study also revealed that migrant fishermen use a variety of resilience strategies to overcome these challenges, including social support from colleagues, independence in solving problems, improved adaptation skills, and finding sources of strength from personal beliefs and values. By deepening the understanding of migrant fishermen's resilience strategies on Taiwanese fishing vessels, the research is expected to provide valuable insights for developing policies and intervention programs to improve the welfare and safety of migrant fishermen in risky work environments. In addition, the findings of this study can also be a foundation for further research in understanding the dynamics and determinants of individual resilience in high-risk occupational sectors.

Peculiarities of using hardiness training in psychological rehabilitation of combat participants

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the use of resilience and vitality training for psychological adaptation to new living conditions. Resilience is characterized as a person's ability to act effectively, despite stressful life situations. Resilience training is defined as a set of exercises aimed at forming effective interpersonal relationships based on support and trust, taking into account a person's previous traumatic experience. Identifying the possibilities of using strengthening training in the psychological rehabilitation of combatants. The objectives of the article are to define the concept of hardiness, the ways of its development in adulthood, the degree of pronouncedness of hardiness in demobilized combatants, analysis of the adaptation of hardiness to the conditions of Ukraine, the formation of a perspective identity in the context of this training, and the influence of training on the psychological adaptation of combatants. The following methods were used in this study: PCL-5 (F.W. Weathers), Rogers-Diamond questionnaire adapted by O. Osnitsky, viability questionnaire (S. Maddy). Endurance training is a set of exercises aimed at forming adaptive coping strategies, effective interpersonal relationships based on support and trust. The training basis of Hardinez is continuity, presented as the unity and wholeness of a person in the process of time, which reflects the temporary character of the individual. The described criterion of identity is ensured by the process of transformation of any changes that occur with a person and in a person into a continuous, continuous whole. Traditionally, resilience has been viewed as a general positive adaptation to stressors. However, the trait of resilience – returning to a previous state after crisis or extreme situations – can also have serious, often overlooked, drawbacks. In particular, it may be unrealistic to return to a previous state, or resilience may lead to a person being stuck in an unwanted, uncomfortable state. Since the concept of resilience is closely related to the impact of a stressor, it is necessary to clearly explain what a stressor is and how it affects a person. When resilience is conceptualized as a general positive adaptation, the stressor is usually defined as an event that is statistically associated with impairment, such as trauma. Resilience and hardiness training as a group form of psychological rehabilitation can be successfully used to improve adaptation skills to new life conditions, which are the Russian-Ukrainian war.

Transformasi Era Digitalisasi Dalam Membentuk Jiwa Leadership Pada Gen-Z Dan Millenial

The purpose of this activity is to provide insight into relevant leadership skills, increase adaptability, and empower students to lead effectively in a dynamic work environment. The important target of the seminar Transforming the Digitalization Era in Shaping the Spirit of Leadership in Gen-Z and Millennials is all students of the Potensi Utama University, study program in preparing the younger generation to become adaptive, innovative, inclusive, and ethical leaders in the digital era. Through increased understanding of technology, development of leadership skills, formation of a collaborative spirit, expansion of professional networks, and ethical awareness, this seminar is expected to produce future leaders who are ready to face the complexities and opportunities offered by the modern world of work. The method was conducted indoors using slides and presentations in front of the students. Several questions and answers about the material provided were held to facilitate all students in understanding and knowing more about the material that had been delivered previously. The implementation of community service activities took place in the Hall Building B, University of Main Potential Medan starting at 09.00 WIB until completion, attended by 400 student participants from all study programs at the University of Main Potential both offline and online (zoom). Activities in the form of direct delivery of material. The results of the seminar activities are that students are expected to develop adaptive and innovative skills in accordance with the demands of the times, students will also be able to recognize and overcome the challenges of digitalization, as well as implement effective leadership strategies, In addition, this seminar aims to expand the professional network of participants, so that they can collaborate and share experiences with peers. Overall, the seminar is expected to produce young leaders who are ready to face the dynamics and complexities of the modern working world.

Family history of psychiatric conditions and development of siblings of children with autism.

Younger siblings (SIBS) of children with autism exhibit a wide range of clinical and subclinical symptoms including social, cognitive, language, and adaptive functioning delays. Identifying factors linked with this phenotypic heterogeneity is essential for improving understanding of the underlying biology of the heterogenous outcomes and for early identification of the most vulnerable SIBS. Prevalence of neurodevelopmental (NDD) and neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD) is significantly elevated in families of children with autism. It remains unknown, however, if the family history associates with the developmental outcomes among the SIBS. We quantified history of the NDDs and NPDs commonly reported in families of children with autism using a parent interview and assessed autism symptoms, verbal, nonverbal, and adaptive skills in a sample of 229 SIBS. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine links between family history and phenotypic outcomes, whereas controlling for birth year, age, sex, demographics, and parental education. Results suggest that family history of schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and intellectual disability associate robustly with dimensional measures of social affect, verbal and nonverbal IQ, and adaptive functioning in the SIBS. Considering family history of these disorders may improve efforts to predict long-term outcomes in younger siblings of children with autism and inform about familial factors contributing to high phenotypic heterogenetity in this cohort.

A Systematic Review on Technology Resource Management in Education

Technology plays a pivotal role in modern education, revolutionizing teaching and learning processes. Effective management of technology resources in educational settings is crucial for maximizing their potential benefits. This systematic review aims to examine the challenges, impact, and best practices associated with technology resource management in education. Hence, this systematic review researched diverse literatures concerning resource management, particularly focusing on technology resource management, utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework as its guiding methodology. These studied a selection of literatures published in English and conducted between 2020 and 2024, were sourced from Google Scholar. Out of 293 records identified from database searching, 11 articles from eight countries revealed three themes for the challenges, namely: insufficient fund, teachers adaptability skills in new technology and lack of connectivity. In terms of the impact, the analysis showed two themes for namely: improve the quality of teaching and technology advancements. Meanwhile, three themes appeared for the best practices such as routine evaluation and review, keep abreast of technological developments and flexibility and scalability of the plan. Finally, this systematic review highlights the significance of technology resource management in education and provides insights into the challenges, impact, and best practices associated with it. By synthesizing current literature, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of how educational institutions can effectively influence technology to support teaching and learning initiatives. Future research should continue to explore innovative strategies for overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of technology in education.

Aging Well and Autism: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Future Research.

With autism first recognized in the 1940s, the early cohorts of autistic children are beginning to enter older adulthood. Little is known about the experiences and outcomes of autistic older adults. In the general population, "successful aging" is a dominant model among gerontologists and is used to evaluate outcomes in older adulthood. This narrative review aims to provide a framework for understanding and supporting successful aging in older autistic adults. Using Fernández-Ballesteros' four-domain model of "aging well" we review knowledge on aging and autism by examining outcomes in health and functioning, cognitive and physical functioning, positive affect and control, and social participation and engagement. Findings indicate that outcomes in autistic older adults are generally poor, marked by increased medical conditions, low adaptive skills, elevated risk of cognitive decline, limited physical activity, high rates of mental health conditions, low quality of life, and reduced social or community participation. Patterns of challenges are similar across cognitive abilities and profiles of autistic traits. Challenges and next steps in aging and autism research are identified, and future directions for the field are discussed.

THE AI REVOLUTION IN IT EDUCATION

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the IT landscape, demanding a paradigm shift in IT education. This paper explores the impact of AI on the educational process for aspiring IT specialists. The goals of transformation. Shifting focus of the curriculum is transitioning from a purely technical focus to preparing students for human-AI collaboration. Develop essential skills in data science, machine learning, and understanding the ethical implications of AI become central to the IT education framework. Orientation on lifelong learning for create adaptability and continuous learning skills to navigate the evolving field. Forming soft skills in communication, collaboration, and creativity gain prominence alongside technical expertise. The benefits are job market preparedness with graduates equipped by AI skills professionals become more competitive in the workforce. Enhanced problem-solving with understanding and applying AI tools improves students’ ability to analyze problems and develop innovative solutions. Increased Efficiency by leverage AI to automate tasks, optimize workflows, and achieve greater productivity. Fostering innovation with Integrating AI into the curriculum encourages students to explore new applications of AI technology. AI revolution create some challenges. Educational institutions need to adapt their curriculum and train faculty to effectively deliver AI-related content. Ensuring all students have equal access to the resources required for learning AI is crucial. Integrating discussions about AI ethics prepares students to use AI responsibly. The results are the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in IT education is transforming the landscape of learning and teaching. This revolution is reshaping how students engage with content, how educators deliver instruction, and how institutions operate. Here are the key areas where AI is making a significant impact in IT education.

Project-Based Learning as a Catalyst for Developing Reflective Thinking in Students

Project-based learning serves as an effective method for fostering reflective thinking among students. This research examines the impact of project-based learning on the development of reflective skills in higher education students. The study analyzes the fundamental principles and methods of project-based learning and their correlation with the development of reflective thinking. It emphasizes that project-based learning offers students the opportunity not only to acquire theoretical knowledge but also to apply it in practice, thereby enhancing their understanding of the material. Special attention is given to the process of reflection, including self-analysis, self-assessment, and self-correction, which are integral parts of project-based activities. The methods for stimulating students' reflective thinking within the context of the learning process are discussed. The significance of these skills for students' successful adaptation to the rapidly changing world and professional careers is underscored, as they train students in critical thinking, self-analysis, and continuous self-improvement.

Nurses’ perceptions about management practices of nurse managers during pandemics: a descriptive and cross-sectional study

Introduction: Hospitals may not be able to manage the chaotic environment during pandemics through classical management principles. Management can only be achieved with the help of effective leadership, appropriate flow of crisis management systems, teamwork, and collaboration. Nurse managers should have effective management skills. Objective: To evaluate the perception of the nurse managers' practices by nurses such as resource management, organization, communication, psychosocial, care-training, and decision-making practices in the management of the pandemic based on the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional method was used, and a web-based online questionnaire was applied to collect data. This study included 182 nurses working in a public and private hospital in İstanbul. Result: The nurses perceived the management practices of their managers at a moderate level. The leaders' resource management practices as low (16.5%), and medium (78.6%) perceive. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between the communication and team relations (p<0.05), resource management (p<0.01), care-training (p<0.05), and decision-making scores (p<0.01) of the nurses working in the private hospitals compared to those working in the public hospital. Conclusion: To effectively manage a complex and chaotic environment, nurse managers should trust their team, have speed and adaptation skills, be based on human factor principles, and provide a safe working environment. Education should be emphasized so that nurses can work in specialized areas and nurse managers can improve their management skills.

The resilience of the Brazilian Unified Health System is not (only) in responding to disasters.

Coping with the recent COVID-19 pandemic has shown that the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) needs to improve its resilience to handle the rapid spread of communicable diseases while ensuring the necessary care for an aging population with comorbidities and in a vulnerable situation. This article identifies, analyzes, and discusses critical aspects of the resilience of the SUS, calling into question the prevailing focus on the robustness and volume of resources mobilized during the outbreak of major disasters. Recent studies demonstrate that the skills that favor adaptation to unexpected situations emerge from the daily functioning of organizations. Restricting the discussion to the mobilization of structures to respond to adverse events has the effect of limiting their potential, inhibiting the emergence of the transformative, adaptive, anticipatory, and learning skills necessary for the sustainable development of resilience.

Menyelami Peran Metode Pembelajaran dalam Transformasi Pendidikan: Potensi dan Tantangan untuk Generasi Emas

This research investigates the role of teachers in creating transformative education, with the aim of shaping the Golden Generation. The study utilizes a qualitative approach to explore various aspects of this process, focusing on the contributions of teachers in reshaping the educational landscape to meet the needs of future generations. The research methodology employed is qualitative descriptive, aiming to uncover new meanings, explain conditions, determine event frequencies, and categorize information. Data is collected through a literature review from various online sources such as books, journals, and relevant references. The findings of the research indicate that teachers are responsible not only for imparting knowledge but also for developing students' critical thinking, creativity, and adaptability skills. The study highlights the importance of innovative teaching methods, teacher professionalism, and educational ecosystem support in preparing students to face future challenges. As a preemptive step towards the Golden Generation, the research emphasizes continuous collaboration among educators, policymakers, and stakeholders to create an educational environment that fosters students' holistic development. The results of this research contribute to the discourse on educational transformation and provide guidance for pedagogical practices aligned with the aspirations of future generations.

Nurturing Sustainable Development: The Interplay of Parenting Styles and SDGs in Children's Development.

This study delves into the dynamics of parenting styles and their impact on the cognitive and social-affective development of children within diverse family populations, contextualized within the framework of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Drawing from a sample population comprising families from various socio-economic backgrounds and cultural contexts, the research explores the nuanced interactions between parenting approaches-ranging from authoritarian/permissive to democratic-and children's developmental trajectories. By examining families with different numbers of children, this study elucidates the differential effects of parenting styles on cognitive adaptability and social-emotional skills across varying family structures. Democratic parenting emerges as a critical factor in promoting children's well-being, equitable access to education, and the fostering of peaceful societies, aligning with SDGs 3, 4, and 16. Furthermore, the research addresses disparities in child development outcomes, shedding light on issues of gender equality (SDG 5) and reduced inequalities (SDG 10) within the context of family dynamics. Through a comprehensive analysis of diverse family populations, this study underscores the significance of inclusive and nurturing parenting practices in advancing sustainable development objectives, advocating for collaborative efforts (SDG 17) to support families in fostering optimal child development outcomes for all.

Unveiling a Novel THOC2 Mutation's Role in X-linked Intellectual Disability

Background: Intellectual disabilities encompass a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders profoundly impacting an individual's cognitive abilities, adaptive behaviors, and communication skills. This article delves into the complex challenges encountered by an individual with intellectual disability, particularly examining the interplay between cognitive limitations and speech difficulties, while presenting a case report detailing the experience of a son within a non-consanguineous family diagnosed with intellectual disability due to a new genetic defect in THOC2, thereby contributing significantly to our comprehension of THOC2-related pathogenic variants. Case presentation: A 14-year-old boy from a non-consanguineous Iranian family presented with significant challenges in academics, communication, and adaptive skills, accompanied by speech problems and exhibiting distinctive physical characteristics. The exome-sequencing analysis revealed a novel hemizygous c.1559+5A>T mutation located in intron 14 (NM_001081550.2) within the THOC2 gene in the proband. Sanger sequencing further confirmed the mother as a carrier of the mutation, although she remains in good health, while the father exhibits a normal genotype. This delineates an X-linked inheritance pattern, shedding light on the familial transmission of the identified genetic anomaly. Conclusion: The precise identification of the c.1559+5A>T splicing mutation in the THOC2 gene, achieved through exome-sequencing, conclusively diagnoses X-linked intellectual disability in our patient. This breakthrough not only unravels the molecular intricacies contributing to intellectual disability but also underscores the urgency for accurate and swift disease diagnosis.

The Role of Technology in Enhancing Adaptive Behavior Skills for Students with Intellectual Disabilities

The current study documents key contributions in teaching students with intellectual disabilities using an integrative STEAM approach. This study aimed to understand the role of technology and arts-based methodologies in improving adaptive behavior skills for students with intellectual disabilities. The researcher used descriptive analytical methods to review, analyze, compare, and interpret related theories and literature. The study highlights how technology and arts-based approaches enhance adaptive skills and support development in self-care, mobility, educational skills, independence, performance, and community integration for these students. The promising finding is that an integrative STEAM approach, incorporating technology and arts-based learning, improves adaptive behavior skills for students with intellectual disabilities. Based on the results, the researcher recommends that the Ministry of Education provide guidance, counseling, seminars, and workshops for teachers on using assistive technology and arts-based methodologies due to their importance in rehabilitating and educating individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Adaptive Leadership in Virtual Nursing Environments: Enhancing Teamwork, Engagement, and Retention

Adaptive leadership is a skill that nurse leaders can further develop to help meet the emerging needs of our complex healthcare environment. Now more than ever, hybrid virtual teams are part of healthcare organizations. Due to this change, the leadership approach to engagement and retention must evolve. Leveraging adaptive leadership skills enables the creation of innovative solutions to emerging challenges, fosters team culture and community, encourages collaboration, and enhances staff engagement and retention.

Керамика древнеберингоморской культуры со стоянки возле утеса Кожевникова (мыс Шмидта): особенности технологии

During the excavations of a dugout at the Kozhevnikov Cliff site (Cape Schmidt), N.N. Dikov obtained a collection of pottery vessels of the Old Bering Sea culture (fourteen specimens). The technology of ceramic production was analyzed using the methodology developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. It was determined that potters selected iron-rich clays of two subtypes, differing in the amount of natural sand content, for pottery production. Five recipes for the molding clay were identified, including three unmixed: 1) clay + sand (7 specimens); 2) clay + wool (3 specimens); 3) clay + organic solution (2 specimens); and two mixed – 4) clay + sand + organic solution (1 specimen); and 5) clay + sand + wool (1 specimen). The vessels were made in a base form, and the shape was additionally formed by paddling. On the outer surface of one artifact, a strap handle with an ear for threading a cord was made, and the remaining hole on the inside was patched with a cloth scrap. The surfaces of the vessels were treated by mechanical smoothing with a hard-smooth tool and/or fingers. Firing took place at temperatures above clay calcination and could be done in bonfires or hearths. The heterogeneity of pottery traditions was found among the population living in the dugout. The two identified two-component recipes for molding clay were formed as a result of mixing the adaptive pottery skills of bearers of different traditions of making unmixed recipes for molding clay. This indicates the beginning of cultural integration processes among bearers of different pottery skills that began to occur under the dominance of the tradition of using low-sanded clay of the first subtype and artificial sand addition in a 1 : 1 concentration.