Adaptive Coping Mechanisms Research Articles

Determinants of Anxiety, Stress, and Depression of Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic of Omicron Variant

The Omicron variant is a new variant of the Coronavirus which is thought to be able to spread and infect humans faster than the previous variant. The rapid transmission of the disease and the high mortality cause great panic and anxiety nr the general public and the health sector. One of the health workers who are very vulnerable to receiving the impact of the emergence of COVID-19 is nurses. In addition to being directly infected, psychological disorders such as anxiety, stress, and depression are very easily experienced by nurses due to various causes. This study aimed to know the determinants of anxiety, stress, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic of the Omicron variant. The research method is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in the adult inpatient room at the RSUD Kota Bandung in February 2022. The respondents were 64 nurses with a total sampling technique. The research instrument used a Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) questionnaire, which was collected via a google form. The data were analyzed using Pearson chi-square test. The results showed that a small proportion of nurses experience mild to moderate anxiety, stress, and depression. The bivariate test showed no significant relationship between age, gender, education, and length of work with anxiety, stress, and depression (p0.05) in nurses in the adult inpatient room at the RSUD Kota Bandung. Although small, there are still nurses who experience stress, anxiety, and depression, so the hospital should provide training on how to deal with anxiety, stress, and depression for nurses to have adaptive coping mechanisms when anxiety, stress, or depression occurs.

Hubungan Ansietas Terhadap Mekanisme Koping Praktek Klinik Mahasiswa Keperawatan STIKes Bani Saleh Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Introduction: Clinical practice is mandatory for nursing students to achieve competency targets during lectures. Clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic is a new challenge for nursing students that can cause anxiety, and that can affect students' coping mechanisms during clinical practice. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and coping mechanisms in nursing students who carried out clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research design is a correlation study with a cross sectional design. The study population was 141 nursing students who carried out clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the accidental sampling technique with a sample of 110 respondents. This study used the ZSAS questionnaire for anxiety and The Brief Cope questionnaire for coping mechanisms. Results: The results of the study students were not anxious (56.4%) and used adaptive coping mechanisms (51.8%). Bivariate analysis found that there was a relationship between anxiety and coping mechanisms. The result of p-value 0.039, p value <α(0.05). Conclusion: research shows that the majority of nursing students are not anxious and have adaptive coping mechanisms during clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.
 Keywords: Anxiety; Covid-19; Clinical Practice; Coping Mechanism; Nursing Students

Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Dalam Sistem Belajar Online Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Di STIKes Karsa Husada Garut

The spread of the Covid-19 virus that has swept across the world has changed various aspects of human life, one of which is changes in the learning process in universities. Learning that initially relied on face-to-face lectures turned to online learning. In the online learning that took place, there was anxiety faced by students. The purpose of this study was to describe student anxiety in dealing with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at STIKes Karsa Husada Garut. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative with a sample of 92 respondents. This instrument uses the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire. The results showed that there was no anxiety (7.6%), mild anxiety (56.5%), moderate anxiety (23.0%) and (10.9%) severe anxiety. Anxiety students in following the online learning system mostly experience mild anxiety. Therefore, students are expected to be able to overcome their anxiety with adaptive coping mechanisms during online learning.

Hubungan efikasi diri dengan mekanisme koping siswa dalam menghadapi tugas di SMA Negeri 1 Jember


 
 
 
 Adolescence period is a transition period of human development between childhood and adulthood starting at the age of 12 or 13 years and ending at the last teenage years. Teenagers are in a high school period. In this period, teenagers undergo stress since they faced various jobs or tasks simultaneously, such as school assignments, and the burden of learning which was felt quite hard. Moreover, High School is currently following the 2013 curriculum by applying the Semester Credit Unit where students are required to find out in advance to do the assignments. Teenagers needed the confidence to resolve the demands of school duties. This study identified the relationship between self-efficacy and student coping mechanisms in dealing with assignments. The research design applied correlation analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The data collection technique used was stratified random sampling with 243 respondents. Data collection was carried out using the self-efficacy questionnaire and Children's Coping Questionary. The results of data analysis performed the Pearson correlation that revealed a score of p-value 0.00; r: 0.332; meaning that there was a relationship between self-efficacy and coping mechanisms of students in facing assignments in SMA 1 Jember. Therefore, it was needed teachers and parents support in providing motivation to students so that their self-efficacy of students was able to increase and produce an adaptive coping mechanism.
 
 
 
 

Time buffers teasing and lessens tobacco use: The moderating role of time perspective on bullying victimization and tobacco use in adolescents

Bullying victimization is a prevalent and harmful experience for adolescents and is positively associated with risky behaviors, including tobacco use. We investigated a potential moderator for the associations between bullying victimization and tobacco use, namely time perspective, which refers to thoughts about time. Bullied adolescents may focus on past events more than present or future events, which could lead to less adaptive coping mechanisms in response to stress, such as tobacco use. Multiple time perspective dimensions and time periods (past, present, and future) were examined. Time orientation refers to the relative emphasis placed on a time period. Time relation refers to the perceived relationship among the time periods. Bullying victimization and tobacco use were self-reported. Participants included 758 adolescents (Mage = 15.81, SDage = 1.22; 54% female). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that bullying victimization was positively associated with tobacco use. Moderated regression analyses indicated that perceiving all time periods as important (time orientation) and interrelated (time relation) buffered the positive association between bullying victimization and tobacco use in adolescents. Analyses controlled for demographics, sensation seeking, and stress. Results suggest that future research should examine the viability of time perspective-based interventions for bullying victimization and tobacco use in adolescents.

Academic Survival Experiences of the Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This qualitative research study aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic to the college students? lives in Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College Cervantes Campus, specifically towards their academic survival. It was conducted to produce an action plan in strategizing modes of instructional delivery that will cater on the needs of students for significant learning experiences in this new normal. Findings reveal that students experienced both Personal and Environmental challenges in meeting their subject requirements. Personal challenges include difficulty in adjustments and in comprehension of subject matters as well as their personal struggles. Meanwhile, environmental challenges include time restrictions; and overload requirements per subjects; lack of resources; inconsiderate teachers and poor internet connections. To cope with the challenges, the students employ Internal and External adaptive coping mechanisms. Internal includes keeping their self-motivations and responsibility. External includes seeking assistance from others, finding a suitable place for learning, earning extra income, and clinging on to God. Positively, the students have developed their intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. With themselves, they have developed values solidifying their character besides enhancing their digital and entrepreneurial skills. With others, they have realized the importance of teachers, have spent more time for family, have built genuine relationships, and have deepened their faith. Meanwhile, the students have recognized the extended help by the teachers in terms of digital instructions, adjustments, and moral supports. However, they wished to have limited face to face instructions, online classes, mental health aid, financial assistance and strong internet connectivity.

The gene environment aetiology of freezing and its relationship with internalizing symptoms during adolescence.

SummaryBackgroundThe freezing response is a universal response to threat, linked to attentive immobility and action preparation. It is relevant for acute stress coping in animals and humans, and subtle deviations in toddler freezing duration (absence of, or excessively long reactions) have been linked to higher risk for internalizing symptoms in adolescence. Yet, while individual freezing tendencies are relatively stable throughout life, little is known about their gene-environment aetiology.MethodsWe investigated the heritability of toddler freezing in the Quebec Newborn Twin Study (QNTS; n=508 twins) by fitting behavioural genetic models to video-coded freezing responses during a robot confrontation. Furthermore, we examined the predictive associations between toddler freezing and internalizing symptoms (anxiety and depressive symptoms), as they unfold during adolescence (ages 12–19 years) using linear mixed-effects models.FindingsFreezing was found to be moderately heritable (45% of the variance accounted for by genetic factors). The remaining variance was explained by unique environmental factors, including measurement error. No significant contribution of shared environmental factors was noted. Additionally, shorter freezing was associated with more internalizing symptoms in adolescence at trend level, a pattern that was significant for depressive but not anxiety symptoms.InterpretationFreezing is an adaptive coping mechanism in early childhood, which is partly driven by genetic factors. Crucially, the absence or shorter duration of these behaviours may signal vulnerability to depressive problems later in life.FundingCanadian Institutes of Health Research and Research Fund of Quebec–Health and Society and Culture. Consolidator grant from the European Research Council (ERC_CoG-2017_772337).

A fuzzy logic modelling approach on psychological data

Meeting basic psychological needs could be difficult to maintain in current pandemic times, mainly due to preventive measures involving social distancing or full quarantine, which seem to play a very important role in well-being. The theory of basic psychological needs is a sub-theory of human motivation theory known as the theory of self-determination. This theory argues that meeting the needs of autonomy, relatedness and competence is crucial for motivation, optimal development, efficient functioning and health. Several research, examining the effects of basic psychological needs on well-being, concluded that changes in meeting the three needs had a significant effect on well-being. Because perceived stress plays a vital role in daily life, several coping strategies have been shown to effectively manage stress and reduce its negative consequences. In this study, coping mechanisms refer to both cognitive and behavioral efforts to alleviate or overcome stressful situations, especially when an automatic response is not readily available. The present study aims to examine a predictive model of competence need satisfaction based on adaptive coping mechanisms: active coping and positive reframing, on a convenience sampling of 403 Romanian respondents. Results show that 3% of the variance in competence need satisfaction is explained by active coping and positive reframing. In this work, we have used fuzzy logic modelling on our psychological data to deal with the imprecision and vagueness inherent in input data and build a more reliable model for estimating psychological variables relations. Implications and conclusions are discussed.

Patient-reported hope, quality of life (QOL), symptom burden, and coping mechanisms in early phase clinical trial participants.

12114 Background: Early phase clinical trials (EP-CTs) investigate novel treatment options in oncology, with recent advances in personalized therapy leading to improved outcomes and offering hope to patients with cancer. However, little research has sought to understand associations of patient-reported hope with QOL, symptom burden, and coping mechanisms in EP-CT participants. Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive adults with cancer participating in EP-CTs at Massachusetts General Hospital from 04/2021-01/2022. Participants completed baseline surveys prior to treatment initiation that assessed hope (Herth Hope Index [HHI], higher scores indicate greater hope), QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General), symptom burden (physical: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System [ESAS]; psychological: Patient Health Questionaire-4 [PHQ4]), and coping mechanisms (Brief COPE). We used independent samples t-test to test for mean differences between groups and regression models to explore associations of hope with patient characteristics as well as patient-reported QOL, symptom burden, and coping mechanisms. Results: Of 92 eligible patients, we enrolled 85 (enrollment rate 92.4%, median age = 61.4 years [range 54.7-68.9]; 56.5% female, and 95.3% metastatic cancer). Most common cancer types were gastrointestinal (41.2%), breast (21.2%), lung (7.1%), and gynecologic (7.1%). Patients had an average HHI score of 28.2 (range 12.0-36.0), with 32.9% reporting high levels of hope. We found that married patients had higher mean hope score compared with non-married patients (28.9 versus 26.1, p = 0.024), those with children had higher mean hope scores than those without (28.9 versus 25.9, p = 0.013), and those who had received 3 or more lines of prior therapy compared with 1-2 (29.3 versus 27.2, p = 0.045) had higher hope scores. We also found associations of hope with patients’ QOL (B = 0.24, p < 0.001), symptom burden (ESAS-physical: B = -0.13, p = 0.001; PHQ4-depression: B = -2.26 p = < 0.001; PHQ4-anxiety: B = -0.94, p = 0.008), and coping (self-blame [B = -1.39, p = 0.003]; acceptance [B = 1.23, p = 0.002], denial [B = -1.09, p = 0.009], support [B = 1.06, p = 0.002], active [B = 0.73. p = 0.034], disengage [B = -3.24, p < 0.001]). Conclusions: In this prospective cohort study, we demonstrated that a substantial proportion of EP-CT participants had high baseline hope, and we identified several patient factors associated with their hope scores. We also found novel associations of higher hope scores with better QOL, lower symptom burden, and more adaptive coping mechanisms. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential for patient-reported hope to represent a key factor to consider when seeking to improve outcomes in EP-CT participants.

Children's Experiences of Death Anxiety and Responses to the Covid-19 Pandemic.

The aim of this study was to explore children's experience and responses to the Covid-19 pandemic through their illustrations and short narrations. During October 2020 and January 2021 data was collected from thirteen children aged 9–10 years old in a primary school in the North-West of England. Children were asked to draw their thoughts and feelings about the pandemic and to write a short narration to accompany the drawing. Thematic analysis of data revealed that during the pandemic children at this age have an understanding of death, experience death anxiety and are able to use creative expression to facilitate meaning of the impact of lockdown on their lives such as feeling isolated, lonely, sad and bored. Creative expression also facilitated adaptive coping mechanisms derived from being able to spend more time with family. The data on primary school children is part of a larger study which involved surveys and interviews with children aged 12–16 years in secondary schools.

Adaptive coping mechanism and life satisfaction of teachers of Sta. Teresita National High School: Input to faculty development program

Adaptive coping mechanism and life satisfaction of teachers of Sta. Teresita National High School: Input to faculty development program

459 Parenting Stress and Drinking to Cope Association with Early Childhood Risk Behaviors

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Parent stress and coping impacts reward and motivation circuits during child development which influence self-regulation. One well known maladaptive coping response is alcohol or drinking-to-cope (DTC). This study assessed differences in stress and child behaviors among DTC parents as compared to non-DTC parents. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Baseline data was used from parents of a 2-5-year-old who were screened for a larger study assessing a mindfulness-based parent stress reduction intervention to improve healthy choices for themselves and their families. The sample included 172 parent-child dyads, mean parent age was 34.4 (6.1) years old, 56.3% white, mean child age was 3.6 (1.2) years old, 52.3% male. Subjective stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), parent-specific stress was assessing using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), DTC was assessed using the COPE inventory, and child behaviors were assessed using the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment. To investigate the differences in stress and child behaviors between DTC parents and non-DTC parents independent samples t-tests were conducted. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: DTC was significantly correlated with PSS (r= 0.23, p<.01), PSI (r= 0.26, p<.01), child self-control (r= -0.16, p= .03), child attention problems (r= 0.22, p<.01), and total behavioral concerns (r= 0.16, p=.04). After excluding those who do not drink alcohol at all, we found significantly higher perceived stress among DTC parents (M= 27.83, SD= 9.79) compared to non-DTC parents (M= 23.79, SD= 8.40), t(80)= 2.02, p= .02. For children, we found significantly higher aggression scores for children of DTC parents (M= 47.16, SD= 31.69) compared to children of non-DTC parents (M=35.83, SD=25.72), t(84)= 1.83, p= .04. And greater attention problems among children of DTC parents (M= 73.97, SD= 26.77) compared to children of non-DTC parents (M= 56.71, SD= 34.09), t(84)=2.63, p=.01. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Stress and DTC may contribute to negative behaviors in children. An intervention designed to decrease stress and increase adaptive coping mechanism in parents could benefit health child socioemotional and behavioral development. Future analyses will examine third variable effects in the relationship between stress, coping, and child behaviors.

Tingkat Stres dan Mekanisme Koping Mahasiswa dalam Penyusunan Skripsi pada Masa Pandemi

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread in various countries, impacting various sectors. One of them is in the field of education, especially for final semester students who are preparing a thesis. Psychologically, the pandemic causes anxiety to stress among final year students. Previous research stated that 90.67% experienced physical symptoms of mild stress, 9.33% experienced physical symptoms of severe stress. Effective coping mechanisms are applied to create stressful conditions. This study aims to describe the level of stress and coping mechanisms of class XI students in the preparation of theses during the pandemic at STIKes Wira Medika Bali. The study used a quantitative descriptive design. Collecting data using a stress level questionnaire and coping mechanisms. The sample in this study was selected using a total sampling technique of 102 people. The results of the study showed that students' stress levels were categorized as moderate stress with a percentage of 51.0%, mild stress 32.4%, severe stress 9.8%, not experiencing stress 6.9%. Students have adaptive coping mechanisms with a percentage of 94.1% and maladaptive coping mechanisms 5.9%. The conclusion of this study is that most of the students' stress levels are in the moderate stress category and most students apply adaptive coping mechanisms

The Necessity of Using Adaptive Coping Mechanisms in the Context of Online Teaching

This article is based on a study in which we investigated the relationship between coping mechanisms manifested by students and their reading level measured by number of errors and time, reading speed comprehension and writing in the case of one group of students (N = 55) with ages between 12-14 years. For this purpose, the Battery for the assessment of developmental dyslexia and dysgraphia was used- DDE-2. The Battery includes eight subtests: five for the analysis of the reading process and three for the analysis of the writing process, and the CERQ Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire identifies nine coping strategies. The results show that, in general, our group adopts highly adaptive coping strategies in stress management, especially refocusing on planning, positive reassessment, while their dysfunctional coping mechanisms are: ruminating, self-blame.

Adolescents during the Pandemic. Difficulties and Adaptive Strategies

This paper is a scientific research conducted during the alert state on a sample of 450 adolescents. The main aim of the study is to identify the socio-emotional difficulties of adolescents and the adaptive ways they use during crisis situations, such as the coronavirus pandemic. The research questions refer on the one hand to the concerns about the pandemic context and the possibility of infection, social activities, the online school curriculum, and on the other hand to the association between clinical and adaptive variables and coping mechanisms, as well as coping strategies that are predictors of adaptive scales and moderators that are key to understanding adolescents' condition. The results indicate that the use of functional strategies, such as support strategies, in which support, social relationships and emotional adjustment predominate, can stimulate increased self-confidence in the context of the pandemic. In fact, the results support the relationship with parents and social support in times of crisis.

Social Support For Coping Mechanism in Diabetic Ulcer Patients : A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Diabetic ulcers are complications that often occur in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and will have an impact on the sufferer's physical, psychological, social and economic. One thing that is really needed by patients to help heal is social support from their surroundings. Objective: to examine the relationship of social support with coping mechanisms in ulcer patients. Method: using an analytical survey with a cross-sectional study, the sampling method used is purposive sampling of 116 respondents. The instruments used in this study were the Coping Scale Questionnaire (CSQ) to measure coping mechanisms and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to measure social support. Result and Discussion: The results of this study were found in the coping mechanism and social support variables, the majority had adaptive coping and high social support as many as 79 respondents (68.1%). It can be concluded from 79 respondents with high support, there are 61 respondents (77.2%) with adaptive coping mechanisms and of 37 respondents with low social support, 19 respondents (51.4%) with maladaptive coping mechanisms. Hypothesis test results obtained P value = 0.004<0.05. Conclusions: there is a significant relationship between social support and coping mechanisms in diabetic ulcer patients.

Role of Perceived Competence and Task Interest in Learning From Negative Feedback.

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the interactive effects of perceived competence and task interest on the cognitive and affective responses to negative feedback. Twenty-four undergraduates performed both interesting and uninteresting tasks and received failure feedback. The participants’ perceived competence in the task was manipulated between subjects prior to scanning with bogus feedback. The results showed that negative feedback processing was contingent upon both perceived competence and task interest. The most adaptive coping mechanism, indicated by activation in the cognitive control network and attenuation in the negative affect region, was identified for the high-competence and high-interest combination. When either competence or interest was low, signals in the cognitive control network were weaker. The most detrimental activation patterns were observed for the combination of low-competence and high interest. Our results reveal the combination of task and learner characteristics that best harnesses the potential benefits of negative feedback and illustrate the neuroscientific mechanisms underlying this observation.

Analysis of the influence of the coronavirus pandemic on elderly people

The main aim of the paper is to analyse and present the main effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the elderly. Numerous studies published in the last two years presenting the situation of the elderly during the pandemic have been analysed and compared. The results obtained show that by nature of internal and external factors, the elderly are vulnerable and fragile, which is why this category of population is the most exposed to the psychological, social, medical and economic effects of the pandemic. The loneliness and isolation of the elderly and their limited access to various services have led to real trauma for them. In order to survive the unprecedented conditions, the elderly have developed adaptive coping mechanisms to cope with the crisis situations generated

The Coping Mechanisms of First-Year Students in the Online Classes

The study aimed to determine the coping mechanisms of first-year college students taking Bachelor of Special Needs Education in a state university in the online class setting. It utilized Colaizzi’s (1978) descriptive phenomenological method which followed his seven-step method. Three emergent themes were revealed (1) coping mechanisms, (2) adjustment of 1st-year students to online classes, (3) perception of the effects of coping mechanisms. Most participants applied three coping mechanisms, and these were (1) meditation and (2) spirituality which are considered adaptive coping mechanisms, and (3) late-night internet usage, a maladaptive coping mechanism. The participants expressed their vulnerability as a 1st-year student in terms of unfamiliarity due to the absence of face-to-face interaction, being unaccustomed to the new college environment, pressure due to unfamiliar teacher-student dynamic, and pressure in studying at a state university.

The relationship between bullying behavior and adolescents’ resilience

Introduction: Adolescence is a vulnerable phase full of changes and challenges. The changes include biological, cognitive, and social aspects. The stages of adolescents’ developmental tasks are based on ego and integrity to establish a stable self-identity and determine roles. However, identity lapses frequently occur in adolescence, such as bullying behavior that can cause psychological and physical problems in victims and perpetrators. Adolescents experiencing bullying behavior require resilience as an adaptive coping mechanism for managing external and internal pressures within the individual. This study aims to identify the relationship between bullying behavior and adolescent resilience.Methods: This study used a quantitative correlational method with a cross-sectional approach. The variables studied were bullying behavior and resilience.Results: Demographic characteristics in this study included age, gender, and living partner. The sample of this study was 163 respondents selected with the Accidental Sampling technique. This study showed that respondents who committed bullying were 99 respondents (60.7%), and those who did not were 64 respondents (39.3%). Overall, 61 respondents had a high resilience rate (37.4%). The results showed a relationship (p-value = 0.000 and r of -0.684) with a strong interpretation.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the higher the bullying behavior is, the lower the level of resilience of adolescents will be. It is expected that adolescents can use resilience as adaptive coping to prevent bullying behavior.