Adaptive Element Research Articles

Construction and application of adaptive semi-Infinite boundary element with dynamic problems on half-plane

For thedynamic problem ofhalf-plane, if the radiation condition at the semi-infinite boundary is not taken into account in the numerical calculation, the accuracy of the result will be affected.In this paper, the basic theory of time-domain boundary element method (TD-BEM) and the propagation characteristics of stress waves in elastic media are used to transform a semi-infinite boundary into a semi-infinite boundary element which can adjust the size of the element automatically with time-space parameters.Enablingthe element to simulate radiative damping effects in the far field.At last, the efficiency of theelement is verified with a half-plane example under dynamic load by comparing its results with the results of the finite element method (FEM). Theverificationshows thatthe adaptive semi-infinite element can effectively simulate the radiation conditions in the far area. And it is convenient to use TD-BEM to solve the half-plane dynamics problem.

Construction Algorithm for Adaptive Morphological Structuring Elements Based on the Neighborhood Gray Difference Changing Vector Field and Relative Density

Structuring elements of fixed shape and size are used in most conventional mathematical morphology operations, which makes the border of image targets shift, produces new image artifacts and loses small image objects due to the diversity and complexity of the image targets. In this paper, a new construction algorithm for adaptive structuring elements is proposed based on the neighborhood gray difference changing vector field and relative density. The proposed structuring element is able to adaptively change shape according to the gray and edge characteristics of an image. This algorithm involves first incorporating the gray difference changing vector field to smooth the local image region and make the gray level within the image target more uniform and then defining a border degree function based on relative density to determine whether the center pixel of the local image region is a border pixel. The adaptive structuring element is composed of all the strong border pixels found in a local image region. Dilation and erosion operations and other derivative operations are proposed with this new adaptive structuring element based on conventional morphology operation principles. The experimental results show that this proposed algorithm is able to effectively suppress the shifting effect of the image target borders while accurately locating the border of the image target region. Additionally, other effective image information is retained and image distortion is reduced while weakening the image details.

The features of viability and social adaptation of patients who underwent revisional hip replacement

The author analyzes the category of viability as a structural element of social adaptation of patients who underwent revisional hip replacement. Considering the process of postoperative rehabilitation, the author focuses on viability as an individual characteristic of patients, which determines the effectiveness of physical recovery and social adaptation after hip replacement. The article observes the results of an empirical study conducted on the basis of Saratov Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of Minzdrav of Russia, aimed at studying the criteria of viability and social viability of adaptation and social adaptation.

‘A New Era’ is always Dawning. A Linguistic Biography of a Border Crosser and Doppelgänger from Bukovina in the Second Half of the 20th Century

This article argues that it was not only physical borders that challenged people’s biographies in the 20th century, but also shifts in ideology, discourse and predominant languages. I shall explore the biography of a man called Cornel, a native of Bukovina who was a communist cultural official in Romania’s capital Bucharest in the 1960s and who became a priest in the 1970s. I shall show that not only obvious breaks such as the beginning and end of communist rule, but ideological shifts too within Romanian communism prompted Cornel to thoroughly reassess himself. For Cornel, it was the ‘mini-cultural revolution’ of 1971 under the rule of Nicolae Ceaușescu that quickly convinced him to leave his job at the Romanian Ministry of Culture and reinvent himself as an Orthodox priest. But was his self-reinvention successful? A thorough analysis of his biography shows that his linguistic biography—oscillating between Romanian, Ukrainian and Russian—contains crucial elements of productive adaptation and continuity that enabled him repeatedly and successfully to circumvent borders imposed by newly emerging policies. His “third” identity as a writer has given him continuity and self-assurance.

Women's Involvement in Alcohol Consumption as an Element of Asocial Adaptation at the Present Stage

The aim of the work is to consider the features of alcoholic behavior of a modern woman. The situation with the involvement of various groups of women in alcohol consumption is analyzed on the basis of quantitative and qualitative long – term studies conducted by the team of Sector of Sociology of Deviant Behavior of ISRAS – FCTAS RAS at the end of the 20th century, at the turn of the century – in the “zero” years and in modern times. The results of comparative studies conducted by the authors, allowed us to reveal and identify the mechanism of cause-and-effect relationships that led to new models of women’s alcohol behavior. These new patterns of alcohol behavior should be considered as one of the forms of strategic adaptation to changing living conditions. The revealed patterns indicate a significant influence of gender and age on the frequency, intensity and type of alcohol consumption. These new patterns of alcohol behavior represent a form of strategic adaptation to changed living conditions. In this sense, alcohol acts as a universal and most accessible means, satisfying, on the one hand, the need for state of intoxication, for changing one’s state of consciousness, fixed in modern society, and on the other hand, it is a fashionable and exemplary standard of behavior, a socio-cultural norm or ritual. This attitude allows and justifies the “quiet” alcoholization of women managers, housewives, drunkenness in the workplace, holidays in the team, “relaxation” on the way home, including driving, or in the evening at home, after work. In other words, alcohol in moderate doses takes its place in labor, business, leisure, and communication activities of modern women.

Entrepreneurship and Adaptation of Utilities Enterprises to Market Conditions

This article sets out the main provisions of the formation of an entrepreneurial strategy for the development of the city complex of housing and communal services and its adaptation to market conditions. The content and tasks of restructuring the housing and communal services management system as an integral complex are revealed, in which the main principles are defined as innovative development, coordination of interaction between enterprises and public-private partnership (PPP). The concept of "entrepreneurial management adaptation" (EMA) as a set of measures of organizational and economic orientation to adjust the management system of an individual enterprise in coordination with the owner of the utility complex for full-fledged market relations, proposed a logical-structural model of joint efforts of the municipality and heat water supply in order to build an updated information and analytical support of the city complex and the conditions under which this process can be implemented. The organizational and economic components of entrepreneurial adaptation in the context of PPP strategies, investment support and innovative development of municipal enterprises of urban life support (MEULS) are determined. It follows that PPP's business strategy launches a mechanism to expand investment opportunities and innovative development of MEULS, which will contribute to the long-term success of this strategy, which is defined as "an integrated business model of the MEULS innovative development." The peculiarities of the relationship between the elements of entrepreneurial adaptation of MEULS enterprises and the city municipality are presented, which will change the nature of relations between local authorities and municipal enterprises and allow to launch a new mechanism for effective implementation of industry reform programs using PPP elements.

The influence of the variety adaptive potential on the formation of the Siberian selection spring wheat crop in the extreme conditions of Mongolia

The diversity of climatic and extreme weather conditions in Mongolia requires the presence of a wide range of varieties in the production that differ in their biological and economic characteristics. The Siberian selectionists created grain crops varieties that are drought-resistant, well adapted to the sharply continental climate, with good baking qualities, capable of forming a crop in extreme conditions. According to the contract between Krasnoyarsk state agrarian university (Russia) and “ShinjeAmzhilt” company (Mongolia), the research on the adaptive capacity and elements of cultivation technology of the Siberian selection wheat was conducted on the land of “ShinjeAmzhilt” company in order to develop recommendations aimed at increasing the productivity of agrocenosis. The objects of the research were the varieties of Siberian selection wheat: Novosibirskaya-15, Novosibirskaya-31, Kantegirskaya-89 and varieties Selenge and Tobolskaya, cultivated in “ShinjeAmzhilt” company. Records and observations of wheat plants were carried out during the vegetation season using generally accepted techniques and existing state standards. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by the method of dispersion and correlation analysis. The obtained results allow to conclude that despite the lack of moisture during the vegetation season, the greatest biological yield was formed by the Siberian variety of selection Novosibirskaya-31, and this data emphasize the adaptive potential of the variety and the ability to resist adverse factors.

Manufacturing and Characterization of Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Bragg Grating in Polymer Waveguide Operation in an IR-A Wavelength Range

Optical sensors, such as fiber Bragg gratings, offer advantages compared to other sensors in many technological fields due to their outstanding characteristics. This sensor technology is currently transferred to polymer waveguides that provide the potential for cost-effective, easy, and flexible manufacturing of planar structures. While sensor production itself, in the majority of cases, is performed by means of phase mask technique, which is limited in terms of its degrees of freedom, other inscription techniques enable the manufacture of more adaptable sensor elements for a wider range of applications. In this article, we demonstrate the point-by-point femtosecond laser direct inscription method for the processing of polymer Bragg gratings into waveguides of the epoxy-based negative photoresist material EpoCore for a wavelength range around 850 nm. By characterizing the obtained grating back-reflection of the produced sensing element, we determined the sensitivity for the state variables temperature, humidity, and strain to be 45 pm/K, 19 pm/%, and 0.26 pm/µε, respectively. Individual and more complex grating structures can be developed from this information, thus opening new fields of utilization.

Adaptive Robust Generalized Dynamic Inversion Quadrotor Control

Abstract This paper proposes a two loops control system structure for position and attitude of the Quadrotor flying vehicle. To control the Quadrotor’s center of gravity position in the instantaneous horizontal inertial planes, a small disturbance linearization-based Proportional-Derivative controller is employed in the outer (position) loop to provide reference pitch and roll tilting commands to the inner (attitude) loop. The outer loop also generates the thrust command required to track desired altitude trajectories. The inner loop utilizes a novel Adaptive Robust Generalized Dynamic Inversion (ARGDI) control design that is made by augmenting a direct adaptive control element in the baseline Robust Generalized Dynamic Inversion control system. The adaptive control law is obtained via a control Lyapunov function, and it aims to reduce the dependency of the control system on the geometric and inertia parameters of the Quadrotor in order to overcome control performance degradation due to modeling and parametric uncertainties, and due to external wind disturbances and dynamic scaling of the Moore-Penrose Generalized inverse. Computer simulations are performed in the Matlab/Simulink environment on a six DOFs Quadrotor model to demonstrate the robust globally asymptotically stable performance of the two loops control system. Additionally, performance of the inner ARGDI attitude control loop is tested on an experimental Quanser’s three DOFs Hover test bench.

Adaptation to climate change in Kazakhstan using data from space monitoring of snowmelt

The present article is concerned with the applied aspects of applying the results of space monitoring of snow cover, in particular, it is proposed to present the results of the analysis in the form of specialized bulletins. The purpose of this publication is to present the available results of space monitoring of snow cover in Kazakhstan as an element of adaptation to climate change. A three-level system of space monitoring of snow cover is proposed, which includes three technological complexes: operational mapping of snow cover boundaries; monitoring of seasonal snow cover dynamics; analysis of long-term snow cover dynamics. A map of snow melting in Kazakhstan in 2020, the dynamics of long-term changes of snow covered area, as well as methods for analyzing the spatial- temporal distribution of snow cover and formats of special bulletins are presented. It is most appropriate to present the results of space monitoring of snow cover in a complex, maximally generalized form (product). The results of the work can be applied in the scientific, industrial and educational spheres to adapt and increase resistance.

Adaptive Systems for Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatments

Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatments (IDPT) are based on evidence-based psychological treatment models adjusted for interaction through the Internet. The use of Internet technologies has the potential to increase the availability of evidence-based mental health services for a far-reaching population with the use of fewer resources. Despite evidence that Internet Interventions can be effective means in mental health morbidities, most current IDPT systems are tunnel-based, inflexible, and non-interoperable. Hence it becomes essential to understand which elements of an Internet intervention contribute to effectiveness and treatment outcomes. By analogy, adaptation is a central aspect of successful face-to-face mental health therapy. Adaptability to patient needs can be regarded as an essential outcome factor in online systems for mental health interventions as well. While some aspects of rule-based and machine-learning-based adaptation have attracted attention in recent IDPT development, systematic reporting of core components, dimensions of adaptiveness, information architecture, and strategies for adaptation in the IDPT system are still lacking. To bridge this gap, we propose a model that shows how adaptive systems are represented in classical control theory and discuss how the model can be used to specify adaptive IDPT systems. Concerning the reference model, we outline the core components of adaptive IDPT systems, the main adaptive elements, dimensions of adaptiveness, information architecture applied to adaptive systems, and strategies used in the adaptation process. We also provide comprehensive guidelines on how to develop an adaptive IDPT system based on the Person-Based Approach.

Optimal Design of Adaptive Structures vs. Optimal Adaption of Structural Design

Taking advantage of adaptivity in the field of civil engineering is an ongoing research topic. Integration of adaptive elements in the load-bearing structure is already well established in many other engineering fields. First investigations promise large material saving potentials also in the field of civil engineering, especially when it comes to high-rise buildings or wide spanned structures like roofs or bridges. In times of emission problems and shortage of materials, the potentials of adaptive civil structures open various new possibilities.In the design and optimization process of adaptive civil structures, we address the differences between classical approaches for passive systems and new practices considering adaptivity. By using a suitable actuator placement, it is possible to manipulate the displacements of the structure as well as the force distribution within the structure. Both material and energy savings can be accomplished with an integrated design of the adaptive structure taking into account the actuation, suitable combination of structural design and actuator placement. For demonstration of the differences in the design process and in the resulting optimized structure, we use a small case study on a truss structure, which is inspired by a high-rise building, and consider static loads.

Stability Analysis of a Two‐Layered Slope with Cracks by Finite Element Limit Analysis

In this study, to support slope stability estimating engineering, the stability of a slope with cracks lying on two‐layered slopes was investigated by a self‐developed adaptive element limit analysis (AFELA) code. Upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB) results of soil additional gravity factor SF within 4% relative error were obtained to quantify the effects of several factors, including the Moore‒Cullen strength ratio, angle of the slope, thickness of the top layer, length of the crack, angle of the crack, and crack’s distance from the edge. Typical failure patterns were also discussed for deeper insight into the two‐layered slope stability with cracks. In addition, the results of the AFELA code were compared with the actual situation of the slope and existing commercial calculation software to verify the reliability of this investigation.

Disruptive Management: In Search of “The Next Big Thing”

We are immersed in a changing and highly complex context. Highly volatile, complex and dynamic markets hinder managers’ role in planning and decision-making enormously. There seems to be a consensus that accelerated innovation could provide an answer to the question, what might the next discovery or advance that breaks the rules of our market be? Or in other words, to use an expression common in management speak, what is “the next big thing”? Disruptive management aims to study the causes of business innovation and how it can be systemized in a company, providing clues to achieving excellence in any given market and a methodology that can be learned by managers for application to all companies. This study describes some of the elements for professional and business adaptation to VUCA environments.

AMBLE: A Context-Aware Mobile Learning Framework

INTRODUCTION: Mobile Learning is a new pivotal learning trend nowadays. With the increasing use of sophisticated smartphones equipped with augmented reality supporting tools and sensors, mobile learning platforms are expected to deliver tailor-made and customized learning elements to learners. Context-awareness is regarded as the fundamental approach or workaround to lift this learning style to distribute adaptive and personalized learning elements in mobile devices. OBJECTIVES: The main priority in mobile learning is to make learning elements as flexible as possible using different forms of context data to extend the natural adaptation capabilities in mobile devices in order to engage learners in extremely rich environments. METHODS: In this paper, A context-aware MoBile LEarning framework is proposed, namely the AMBLE framework. It processes contextual data at four distinct levels namely: Sensing Layer, Adaptation Layer, Context Processing Layer, and Application Layer to perform adaptation of learning contents based on the actual environment and conditions of the learner. RESULTS: Partial implementation of the proposed framework has the potential to capture and represent the physical context information that may be used to perform a dynamic adaptation of learning contents and thus significantly improve the mobile learning experiences. Extra work is expected regarding the implementation of the other layers and components of the framework including the user model, context manager, and the adaptation engine. CONCLUSION: The AMBLE framework proposes some relevant content adaptations with some positive results. As future works, new forms of user-context adaptation synthesized with other extracted data sets of contextual information will be used to establish and align relevant dynamic adaptation and personalization of learning contents.

Channel boundary detection using a 3D morphological filter and adaptive ellipsoidal structuring element

ABSTRACTChannels are one exploratory object in the oil and gas industry, and detailed channel studies can help identify the sedimentation processes in an area. In addition, channels are a drilling hazard in deep-water sedimentary basins. However, manual interpretation of channels is time-consuming and needs skill and experience. Therefore, in this paper, using morphological filters, we present an algorithm for automatically extracting the channel edges from seismic data. We used a morphological gradient algorithm with an ellipsoidal adaptive structuring element to detect edges. Morphological gradient operators highlight the image edges within the neighbourhood of the structuring element. The adaptive structuring element at each point of the data align with the edges and contours at that point, and so can be more effective in edge detection. Eigenvalue decomposition of the gradient structure tensor gives an estimate of the orientation and anisotropy rate of objects within the data. Hence, parameters of the adaptive structuring element are obtained from the eigenvalues of a 3D gradient structure tensor. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to synthetic and real seismic data containing a channel, and the results are compared with other well-known edge detection methods such as Canny, Sobel, semblance and negative curvature. The proposed algorithm was able to correctly identify edge locations, and also outperforms other methods in the presence of noise.

In Vitro Optimization of Main Elements of the Grapes Reproduction Process

New methods for adapting in-vitro grape plants to in vivo conditions were developed. The use of growth regulators (6-BAP, 2iP, kinetin) enhanced rhizogenesis and increased the in-vitro plant reproduction coefficient. Lignohumate had a positive effect on plants and increased the leaf area and plant height 30 days after adaptation (concentration of 1.0 g/l). The use of the developed elements of clonal micro-reproduction and adaptation made it possible to significantly increase the reproduction factor, improve the quality of planting material, reduce costs of plants and increase profitability.

Retracted: Adaptive control for a hypersonic vehicle based on evolutionary algorithm and convex optimization

SummaryThe dynamic model of hypersonic vehicle is nonlinear in nature because of time conditions and probabilities of occurrences. The dynamic model differs from the real‐time model because of the uncertainties and degradation of performances. Moreover, an effective feedback system is used to transform the matched and unmatched possibilities and certainties. To solve these issues and develop an efficient model in hypersonic system, this proposed model utilizes an evolutionary algorithm, along with convex optimization. In this, the control system tracks the inputs and controls by using dynamic convex control system (DCCS). During the process of DCCS, the input matrix gain is adapted with the algorithm and adaptive elements with saturation factors that are handled with ultimate boundaries based on the results of the existing work. The tracking error and the utilization dead zone errors are rectified at the most using the proposed model. Finally, the numerical real‐time simulations are performed, and the effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated.

A Hierarchical Space-Time Spectral Element and Moment-of-Fluid Method for Improved Capturing of Vortical Structures in Incompressible Multi-phase/Multi-material Flows

A novel block structured adaptive space-time spectral element and moment-of-fluid method is described for computing solutions to incompressible multi-phase/multi-material flows. The new method implements a space-time spectrally accurate method in the bulk regions of a multi-phase/multi-material flow and implements the cell integrated semi-Lagrangian moment-of-fluid method in the vicinity of mixed material computational cells. In the new method, the space-time order can be prescribed to be $$2\le p_{\ell }^{(x)}\le 16$$ (space) and $$2\le p^{(t)}\le 16$$ (time) respectively. $$\ell $$ represents the adaptive mesh refinement level. Regardless of the space-time order, only one ghost layer of cells is communicated between neighboring grid patches that are on different compute nodes or different adaptive levels $$\ell $$. The new method is first tested on incompressible vortical flow benchmark tests, then the new method is tested on the following incompressible multi-phase/multi-material problems: (i) vortex shedding past a tilted cone and (ii) atomization and spray of a liquid jet in a gas cross-flow.

Detection in seismic data using curvelet transform and tensor-based elliptical adaptive structuring elements

Channels are one of the vital issues in the exploration of oil and gas. They can be considered as reservoirs if they are filled with porous and permeable material and placed in a suitable position. A detailed study of the channels can help identify the sedimentation processes of the area, the intensity, and direction of the sea currents. Manual interpretation of the channels is difficult and requires skill. Therefore, in this paper, the adaptive curvelet and morphological gradient algorithm (ACMG) is used for the automatic interpretation of the channels. First, the morphological gradient is applied to extract the edges of the channels; then, the curvelet transform is used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The morphological top-hat operator extracts the local maxima of curvelet sub-bands. In this workflow, we applied an elliptical adaptive structuring element (EASE) based on Gradient structure tensor (GST). For the construction of the 2D GST, the horizontal and vertical gradients of the image were calculated by the first-order Gaussian derivative. The eigenvalue decomposition of each structure tensor can provide an estimate of the direction and anisotropy rate of the image objects. Hence, parameters of the elliptical structuring element are obtained by eigenvalue decomposition of the GST. To evaluate ACMG, we compared the final output with the results of the non-adaptive curvelet and morphological gradient algorithm (CMG). Also, we compared it with the common edge-detectors such as Canny, Sobel, Laplacian of Gaussian, and similarity attribute. The comparison shows that both CMG and ACMG well extracted the edge of the channels with the higher signal-to-noise ratio.