Adaptive Digital Watermarking Research Articles

Corrigendum to “Adaptive Digital Watermarking Scheme Based on Support Vector Machines and Optimized Genetic Algorithm”

Corrigendum to “Adaptive Digital Watermarking Scheme Based on Support Vector Machines and Optimized Genetic Algorithm”

Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on Chaotic and Wavelet Transform

To protect the copyright of multimedia data effectively, the adaptive digital watermarking algorithm is presented in this paper, which based on chaotic sequence and two-dimensional wavelet transform. Firstly, a chaotic sequence generated by Logistic chaotic map is utilized to encrypt watermark image. Then the strength and position of watermark embedding are obtained by discrete wavelet transform of host image. Finally the encrypted watermark is embedded in the host image. The experimental results show this method has better effect: the watermark is invisibility and robust against common image. It can protect multimedia data effectively.

Adaptive Digital Watermarking Scheme Based on Support Vector Machines and Optimized Genetic Algorithm

Digital watermarking is an effective solution to the problem of copyright protection, thus maintaining the security of digital products in the network. An improved scheme to increase the robustness of embedded information on the basis of discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain is proposed in this study. The embedding process consisted of two main procedures. Firstly, the embedding intensity with support vector machines (SVMs) was adaptively strengthened by training 1600 image blocks which are of different texture and luminance. Secondly, the embedding position with the optimized genetic algorithm (GA) was selected. To optimize GA, the best individual in the first place of each generation directly went into the next generation, and the best individual in the second position participated in the crossover and the mutation process. The transparency reaches 40.5 when GA’s generation number is 200. A case study was conducted on a 256 × 256 standard Lena image with the proposed method. After various attacks (such as cropping, JPEG compression, Gaussian low-pass filtering (3,0.5), histogram equalization, and contrast increasing (0.5,0.6)) on the watermarked image, the extracted watermark was compared with the original one. Results demonstrate that the watermark can be effectively recovered after these attacks. Even though the algorithm is weak against rotation attacks, it provides high quality in imperceptibility and robustness and hence it is a successful candidate for implementing novel image watermarking scheme meeting real timelines.

Hardware implementation of a novel water marking algorithm based on phase congruency and singular value decomposition technique

The effortless accessibility of digital information and the simplicity of the digital systems have left the contents over the digital media extremely insecure. Digital watermark based information hiding is a prospective means for copyright protection, authentication, integrity verification and intellectual property right protection. Phase congruency technique works on the principle that perceptually significant image features have effect at spatial locations, where the essential Fourier components are maximally in phase with one another. An adaptive digital watermarking algorithm for better performance in multi-parametric solution space is developed here for hiding the copyright information by means of phase congruency and singular value decomposition supported information hiding technique. Performance evaluation of the algorithm is performed using simulation in Matlab in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Structural Similarity Index Metrics, and Normalized Cross correlation index. Hardware realization up to the register transfer logic schematic level has been performed using high performance field programmable gate array board. The device utilization is 26% only, the dynamic power consumption of the circuit is 5.029mW and delay after clock is 1.539ns only. The experimental analysis establishes better robustness of the proposed algorithm as it stands against various attacks along with better data hiding capacity.

An adaptive blind digital watermarking scheme in shearlet domain

A new adaptive blind watermarking scheme in shearlet domain is presented. We first apply shearlet transform to the host image in order to obtain a sparse representation. Considering that robustness may be affected by embedding position and embedding strength to a large extent, we choose the most significant middle frequency shearlet subband to embed watermark. In this paper, the embedding strength is adaptively determined according to local shearlet coefficients, so that the invisibility can be ensured. Watermark extracting could be done without original image. Experimental results demonstrate the imperceptibility and high robustness of the proposed watermarking scheme.

Adaptive Digital Watermarking for Copyright Protection of Digital Images in Wavelet Domain

Abstract Digital image watermarking is the process of embedding watermark into a digital image for authentication and thereby protecting the digital image from copyright violation. In this paper, an adaptive invisible watermarking scheme is proposed in wavelet domain. The proposed method is adaptive in the sense that the scaling and embedding factors are calculated using Bhattacharyya distance and the fourth cumulant moment - kurtosis. The proposed method can be easily employed to preserve the ownership rights and in addition for piracy of digital data prevention. The proposed method is robust to all image and signal processing attacks and highly secured for the protection of copyright information as the process is executed in wavelet domain. Experimental results and statistical evaluation of the results shows the efficacy of the proposed method.

A Digital Watermarking Algorithm of Color Image Based on Wavelet Transform

This paper presents an algorithm by embedding a digital watermark into an original color image. Considering the characteristics of HVS, YUV color space is employed, this algorithm presents a new adaptive digital audio watermarking based on discrete cosine transform. The result of the experiment shows that the proposed algorithm has good robustness against various image processing and attacks, good invisibility and stability.

The Detection for Image Spread Spectrum Watermarking Based on Self-Adaptive Wavelet Transform by DSP

The relation between the digital watermarking and spread-spectrum is analyzed in this paper at the beginning. Then, a spread-spectrum adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on the wavelet transform is proposed and the system for this digital watermarking algorithm based on DSP is realized. Finally, a testing on the image digital watermarking processing system by DSP is conducted. The result from the testing approves that the system is flexible and can accomplish watermark embedding and detecting.

Adaptive digital audio watermarking method based on DCT and lifting wavelet transform

In order to protect copyright,an adaptive digital audio watermarking method based on Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT) and lifting wavelet transform was proposed,which was based on computing power of lifting wavelet and the largest auditory tolerance of DC coefficients after DCT transform.Firstly,the original audio signal was decomposed into low-frequency and high frequency component after lifting wavelet transform,then DCT was performed on the low-frequency component and watermarks were embedded into the DC coefficient sequences according to the largest DC auditory tolerance after DCT coefficients transform.Meanwhile,considering the balance between the robustness and the imperceptibility of the audio watermarking,the adaptive adjustments were used for embedded watermarking.The experimental results show that the proposed method not only has low computational complexity,but also is robust to malicious replace operation and common signal attacks like noise adding and low-pass filtering.

Adaptive DCT Based Digital Watermarking Scheme

The paper proposes an adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on chaos sequence and DCT transform. The scheme can choose the location for watermark inserting adaptively, and properly assign the embedding intensity in different inserting locations according to the characteristic of human visual system (HVS). On the other hand, this scheme combines chaos sequence and scrambling technique to improve the ability to withstand various attacks. The experimental results show that, the method can basically satisfy transparency and robustness requirement.

An adaptive digital image watermark algorithm based on gray-scale morphology

An adaptive digital image watermark algorithm with strong robustness based on gray-scale morphology is proposed in this paper. The embedded strategies include: The algorithm seeks and extracts adaptively the image strong texture regions. The algorithm maps the image strong texture region to the wavelet tree structures, and embeds adaptively watermark into the wavelet coefficients corresponding to the image’s strong texture regions. According to the visual masking features, the algorithm adjusts adaptively the watermark-embedding intensity. Experimental results show the algorithm is robust to compression, filtering, noise as well as strong shear attacks. The algorithm is blind watermark scheme. The image strong texture region extraction method based on morphology in this algorithm is simple and effective and adaptive to various images.

A new adaptive digital audio watermarking based on support vector machine

It is a challenging work to design a robust digital audio watermarking scheme against desynchronization attacks. On the basis of support vector machines (SVMs), a new robust digital audio watermarking algorithm against desynchronization attacks is proposed in this paper, and in this the audio statistics characteristics and synchronization code are utilized. Firstly, the optimal embedding positions are located adaptively by using the SVM theory. Secondly, the 16-bit Barker code is chosen as synchronization mark and embedded into the digital audio by modifying the statistics average value of several samples. Finally, the digital watermark are embedded into the statistics average value of low-frequency components in wavelet domain by making full use of auditory masking. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is inaudible and robust against common signal processing such as MP3 compression, low-pass filtering, noise addition, equalization, etc., and is robust against desynchronization attacks such as random cropping, amplitude variation, pitch shifting, time-scale modification, jittering, etc.

Adaptive image digital watermarking with DCT and FCM

A novel adaptive digital image watermark algorithm is proposed. Fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM) is used to classify the original image blocks into two classes based on several characteristics parameters of human visual system (HVS). One is suited for embedding a digital watermark, the other is not. So the appropriate blocks in an image are selected to embed the watermark. The watermark is embedded in the middle-frequency part of the host image in conjunction with HVS and discrete cosine transform (DCT). The maximal watermark strenght is fixed according to the frequency masking. In the same time, for the good performance, the watermark is modulated into a fractal modulation array. The simulation results show that we can remarkably extract the hiding watermark and the algorithm can achieve good robustness with common signal distortion or geometric distortion and the quality of the watermarked image is guaranteed.

Fuzzy-ART based adaptive digital watermarking scheme

A novel transform domain digital watermarking scheme that uses visually meaningful binary image as watermark has been developed. The method embeds the watermark information adaptively with localized embedding strength according to the noise sensitivity level of the host image. Fuzzy adaptive resonance theory (Fuzzy-ART) classification is used to identify appropriate locations for watermark insertion and its control parameters add agility to the clustering results to thwart counterfeiting attacks. The scalability of visually recognizable watermark is exploited to devise a robust weighted recovery method with composite watermark. The proposed watermarking schemes can also be employed for oblivious detection. Unlike most oblivious watermarking schemes, our methods allow the use of visually meaningful image as watermark. For automation friendly verification, a normalized correlation metric that suits well with the statistical property of our methods is used. The experimental results show that the proposed techniques can survive several kinds of image processing attacks and the JPEG lossy compression.

Fuzzy-ART based adaptive digital watermarking scheme

A novel transform domain digital watermarking scheme that uses visually meaningful binary image as watermark has been developed. The method embeds the watermark information adaptively with localized embedding strength according to the noise sensitivity level of the host image. Fuzzy adaptive resonance theory (Fuzzy-ART) classification is used to identify appropriate locations for watermark insertion and its control parameters add agility to the clustering results to thwart counterfeiting attacks. The scalability of visually recognizable watermark is exploited to devise a robust weighted recovery method with composite watermark. The proposed watermarking schemes can also be employed for oblivious detection. Unlike most oblivious watermarking schemes, our methods allow the use of visually meaningful image as watermark. For automation friendly verification, a normalized correlation metric that suits well with the statistical property of our methods is used. The experimental results show that the proposed techniques can survive several kinds of image processing attacks and the JPEG lossy compression.

Adaptive digital watermarking using fuzzy logic techniques

Digital watermarking has been proposed for copyright protection in our digital society. We propose an adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on the human visual system model and a fuzzy logic technique. The fuzzy logic approach is employed to obtain the different strengths and lengths of a watermark by the local characteristics of the image in our proposed scheme. In our experiments, this scheme provides a more robust and imperceptible watermark.