Adaptability Research Articles

Partial discharge de-noising based on hybrid particle swarm optimization SWT adaptive threshold

A hybrid particle swarm optimization stationary wavelet adaptive threshold denoising (HPO-SWT-ATD) method was proposed to improve the adaptive ability of wavelet transform in partial discharge signal denoising. In the proposed method, the partial discharge signal is decomposed by stationary wavelet transform(SWT) and the multiorder differentiable function based on the Stein unbiased likelihood estimate (SURE) is used as the denoising threshold function. In threshold selection, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for global adaptive search to select the optimal denoising threshold. The de-noising experiments are carried out on the simulated partial discharge signals and the measured partial discharge signals.The experiment results show that, compared with the hard threshold method, particle swarm optimization threshold method, genetic algorithm optimization threshold method, Wiener filter method and modal decomposition method, the proposed method can better remove the white noise in the PD signal, and the denoising signal distortion degree is smaller.

AGE DYNAMICS OF VEGETATIVE AND NEURODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS AMONG CHILDREN AT THE AGE OF 5-7 DURING MENTAL LOADS

Purpose. To trace changing dynamics of vegetative and neurodynamic functions among children at the age of 5-7 during mental loads. The study usually starts for the senior pre-school and junior school age. Individual children’s features and work of organ systems ensure adaptive reactions (including those during intensive mental loads). Therefore, we should pay attention to age dynamics of statistical and spectral peculiarities of heart rhythm for pre- and post-load states of kids. Material and methods. 112 children at the age of 5-7 participated in the research. They come from senior pre-school and junior school institutions in Sumy, a Ukrainian city. The research determines functional activities and nervous power of children via the Diahnost-1M methodology. The Fazahraf methodology estimates values of the cardiovascular system and influence of the vegetative nervous system on the heart rhythm. The technique collected and analyzed electrical potentials of spectral peculiarities of regulatory functions and significant statistical values of the heart rhythm. Because of the stage-by-stage research approach and data heterogeneity, we conducted a multi-level mathematical assessment. Most data were not subject to normal distribution since there was a sharp asymmetry of low-stage discretization. Results. Children may have different features during and after mental loads. They can be defined via most spectral and statistical values of the varying heart rhythm. The heart rhythm reactions among children at the age of 5 are shifted to sympathicotonia. During mental loads, the dominance of sympathetic influence and instable control of regulatory systems was typical for the 6-year-old sample. Besides, we established a relation between nervous power and cardiovascular activities (r=0.42; р<0.05). In contrast to other age samples, the 7-year-old group showed a balanced cooperation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Simultaneously, there was an obvious resistance to external stimuli during mental loads (r=-0.36; р<0.05). Conclusions. Children at the age of 7 are more adapted to solve mental tasks with a certain speed. Therefore, we should pay a great attention to age functioning of physiological systems. In this way, we may apply the person-centered approach within the study process to raise adaptive abilities of the children’s nervous system

Return to Sports in Stress Reaction and Stress Fractures in Indian Athletes: A Case Series.

A stress fracture is a painful condition which occurs when the adaptive ability of the bone is unbalanced. This imbalance predominantly occurs due to increased intensity, frequency, or duration of training. Identifying the etiology of stress fracture and its proper treatment prevents recurrence. Besides, evidence-based and supervised rehabilitation is indispensable for permanent remission of pain and return to sports to preinjury functional levels. The case series discusses the continuum of stress reaction to stress fracture in athletes, causes of stress fractures, their management, and return to sport. The paper aims to give a clear discussion about the management with rehabilitation guidelines for metabolic causes of stress fractures. This study was a case series of five cases coming to Sports Medicine outpatient clinic of Sports Injury Centre, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, and physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic of Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow over a period of 1 year. The discussed cases are young Indian athletes, both male and females, who have presentation along the continuum of medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) to stress reactions and stress fracture. The findings of the paper highlight the significance of rehabilitation for individuals suffering from MTSS. Accurate diagnosis with targeted rehabilitation leads to quicker return to sports. The rehabilitation program comprises of identifying and treating the cause of stress fracture, removing any risk factors, biomechanical correction wherever indicated, structured exercise program, training in underwater treadmill, cyclical increase in loading, reducing activity every 3rd week.

Methods of Blackberry Propagation in vitro Condition

Blackberry, one of the most important fruit species belonging to the Rosaceae family, can be grown in different environments due to having wide adaptation ability. Although it originated in Europe, today most of the common cultivars have North American origin. Also, expansion of its production last 25 years especially in Europe and the USA, the blackberry has become the fourth berry in the fresh berry market after strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries. Blackberry fruits are rich in vitamins, polyphenols, minerals, and antioxidants, especially gallic acid and routine. Many studies have proven that high nutritional composition has a positive effect on human health in preventing various diseases. It has an important place in the fresh and processed market. Frozen fruits can be used processed such as an ice cream, juice, jam, marmalade, cake, and sweet products. Blackberry breeding studies have been ongoing for over 100 years to increase yield and fruit quality, thornless cane, to improve disease insect resistance, and cane management and primocane fruiting. In vitro propagation is an alternative method to introduce new cultivars quickly into the market and to provide disease-free planting material compared with traditional methods. The purpose of this study was to summarize blackberry propagation methods in vitro conditions.

Preservation of ex-situ gene pool of rare medicinal plant species in Kazakhstan

The approved “List of Medicinal Plants” consists of 278 medicinal plants used in official or traditional medicine. At the same time, 65 species have been listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. In the experimental medicinal plant collections located in the foothills of Zailiyskiy Alatau (in the Main Botanical Garden, Almaty), a total of 48 (74%) are indigenous medicinal herbs of Kazakhstan’s flora were grown over different years. A significant number of rare medicinal plant species of Kazakhstan (37 species), which is more than half of all tested ones, can be successfully grown. Eight of them are blooming and bearing fruit regularly and tree crops give real yields. Thirteen species of trees and shrubs have high adaptive abilities and were introduced at the expositions of the botanical garden. Sixteen species could bloom but not all of them produced seeds consistently. Introduction of 13 species are very difficult or unsuccessful, 17 species (26%) of the medicinal flora have not been tested in culture, mainly due to the known futility of cultivation in the open ground.

Influence of heat resistance on reproduction and productivity of Red Dairy Breed cows

In this article we discuss the indicators of heat resistance of cattle. The studies were carried out on the livestock of the red dairy breed: group I – the intrabreed fatty-milk type obtained by crossing the red steppe breed with the Angler, group II - animals obtained by crossing the red steppe breed with the red-mottled Holstein. It was found that with temperature comfort, the difference in temperature and pulse rate between the animals of the fatty-dairy and holstenized types was insignificant, but with the increase of the air temperature to 39 C, these indicators were increased. The respiratory rate was significantly lower in the first heifers of the fatty-milk type both at elevated temperature load and in physiologically comfortable environmental conditions. Animals of both intrabreed types resisted the specific agro-climatic conditions of Donbas quite well. In terms of adaptive abilities to the high summer temperatures of Donbas, holstenized intrabreed type animals are noticeably inferior to fat-milk intrabreed type cows.

Visuomotor adaptation across the lifespan.

Being able to adapt our movements to changing circumstances allows people to maintain performance across a wide range of tasks throughout life, but it is unclear whether visuomotor learning abilities are fully developed in young children and, if so, whether they remain stable in the elderly. There is limited evidence of changes in motor adaptation ability throughout life, and the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, our goal was to compare visuomotor learning abilities throughout the lifespan. We used a shorter, gamified experimental task and collected data from participants in 5 age groups. Young children (M = 7 years), older children (M = 11 years), young adults (M = 20 years), adults (M = 40 years) and older adults (M = 67 years) adapted to a 45° visuomotor rotation in a centre-out reaching task. Across measures of rate of adaptation, extent of learning, rate of unlearning, generalization, and savings, we found that all groups performed similarly. That is, at least for short bouts of gamified learning, children and older adults perform just as well as young adults.

Formation of yield of various soybean varieties in Kabul conditions

The research examined the adaptive abilities of different soybean varieties when grown at a permanent research site at Kabul University. The soil of this study site is a saline loam mixture with a pH of 8.01 and an EC of 0.17. Mineral nutrition conditions were created by introducing complex fertilizer diammonium potassium phosphate and urea. The plots were located randomly on the experimental plot. The studies determined plant height, number of pods in plants, number of grains in a pod, plant yield and some morphological traits. During the growing season, nitrogen concentration was determined by the chlorophyll content in leaves using an N-tester SPAD 502 Plus, manufactured in Japan. The highest yield was observed in soybean variety Mangpong5 (1742 kg/ha), and the lowest yield was obtained in soybean variety Stine 3400-2 (1521 kg/ha). The results of statistical analysis of the research results using ANOVA showed the most significant difference in the yield of Mangpong5 varieties and other soybean varieties.

The Establishment Process of Startup Users in Palembang City, Indonesia

This research aimed to find out the establishment process of startup users in Palembang City, Indonesia, especially the influencing factors. The establishment of startup users consisted of nine aspects, including competent skills, inspired by friends who started selling online, attending business workshops/seminars, inspired by YouTube content, inspired by personal hobbies, informed by friends, supported by family, connected with distributors, and experienced in the business. The research employed a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The research results indicated that the success of startup users in Palembang City was influenced by skill, experience, social support, and adaptation ability to market and technological changes. These findings provided valuable insights for developing the local startup ecosystem and emphasizing the essence of education, training, and social networks in building individuals to become entrepreneurs in the digital era.

Monitoring the Release of Black Iguana from a Management Unit into Two Ecosystems

Monitoring the release of a living being into a habitat is essential in order to generate information about the animal’s adaptation to the natural environment. The aim of the present study was to monitor the behavior of the black iguana (Ctenosaura pectinata), undergoing the process of release into 1) tropical deciduous forests and 2) an agroforestry ecosystem. The study was carried out at the CECOREI-UMAR facilities, where 24 females in different states of the life cycle: hatchling, juvenile and adult were kept. The transportation and the release of the iguanas were carried out in four periods of 15 days. Behavioral variables were measured and evaluated through a completely randomized block design with a 2x3 factorial arrangement, with four time periods. There was an effect (P<0.0001) related to the age of the iguanas. The hatchlings and adults were seen to recognize predators and flee from them (P<0.05). In conclusion, the age of iguanas is a factor that can counteract the adaptation ability of the species when released into environments such as tropical deciduous forest or an agroforestry ecosystem

Characteristics of pedigree herds of a new breeding type of Yorkshire breed pigs in the Republic of Belarus

The purpose of the research was to characterize the pedigree herds of the breeding type of Yorkshire pigs being created based on new lines. An analysis of the results of assessing the adaptive capacity of pigs and the productive traits of animals of various lines bred in breeding enterprises of the Republic of Belarus has been presented in the article. The research used breeding and animal science methods. At the fi rst stage, the “adaptation level” index of sows was determined based on the life expectancy of the sow and its breeding use. At the second stage of the research, young animals of various lines were assessed for their own productivity according to the following indicators such as age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, average daily gain from birth to reaching live weight of 100 kg, lifetime meat traits: thickness of back fat, height of the longissimus dorsi muscle, meat content in the body, using the Piglog-105 device (SFK Technology A/S, Denmark). When analyzing the reproductive traits of sows, we took into account such indicators as prolifi cacy (number of piglets at birth), milk production (litter weight at 21 days), litter weight at weaning at 28 days, and livability of the piglets. As a result of the research, the adaptive ability of sows was determined. An assessment of breeding young pigs in terms of lines showed that young animals of the lines Dixon 4988 and Dania 7723 were distinguished by the best age of reaching 100 kg of live weight and the average daily gain from birth to reaching the weight of 100 kg at the level of 150,8–159,6 days and 685–710 g. In animals of other lines, early maturity was lower by 8,7–30,9 days or 5,17–17,0 % (p ≤ 0,001). A similar trend remained in the average daily gain in live weight. It has been established that the largest value for prolifi cacy was 13,9–15,1 heads per farrowing was observed in sows belonging to the lines Dania 7723 and Dixon 4988. In sows of other lines, the rate was lower by 1,4–3,1 heads or 11,2–25,8 % (p ≤ 0,05). High milk production was detected in sows of the lines Dixon 4988 and Reichil 5507 (64,8–65,6 kg), which was 0,4–7,4 kg or 0,62–12,7 % (p ≤ 0,01) higher than in animals of other lines. The best livability rate was found in sows of the lines Dobry 2313 and Reichil 5507, which was 1,0–4,1 abs.% higher than in sows of other lines.

Differential DNA methylation and metabolite profiling of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site

Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) is a valuable model in evolutionary toxicology to study how the interactions between genetic and environmental factors serve the adaptive ability of organisms to resist chemical pollution. Killifish populations inhabiting environmental toxicant-contaminated New Bedford Harbor (NBH) show phenotypes tolerant to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and differences at the transcriptional and genomic levels. However, limited research has explored epigenetic alterations and metabolic effects in NBH killifish. To identify the involvement of epigenetic and metabolic regulation in the adaptive response of killifish, we investigated tissue- and sex-specific differences in global DNA methylation and metabolomic profiles of NBH killifish populations, compared to sensitive populations from a non-polluted site, Scorton Creek (SC). The results revealed that liver-specific global DNA hypomethylation and differential metabolites were evident in fish from NBH compared with those from SC. The sex-specific differences were not greater than the tissue-specific differences. We demonstrated liver-specific enriched metabolic pathways (e.g., amino acid metabolic pathways converged into the urea cycle and glutathione metabolism), suggesting possible crosstalk between differential metabolites and DNA hypomethylation in the livers of NBH killifish. Additional investigation of methylated gene regions is necessary to understand the functional role of DNA hypomethylation in the regulation of enzyme-encoding genes associated with metabolic processes and physiological changes in NBH populations.

Changes in the Effect of Tree Stand Competition on the Pinus sibirica Undergrowth during Postfire Successions in Mid-Taiga Birch Forests of the Urals

The effect of light and root competition of the tree stand on the growth of the Pinus sibirica Du Tour undergrowth in post-fire birch forests of different ages is investigated using the example of mid-taiga forests of the Middle Urals. The studies were carried out on the basis of a microecosystem approach, using indices of light competition of the tree stand (Ilsc), root competition of the tree stand (Irsc) and integral competition of the tree stand (Irlsc). At the stage of the 13-year-old young birch stand with almost full illumination, the main factor determining the growth and development of Pinus sibirica undergrowth is root competition for soil nutrition. In the 32-year-old middle-aged birch stand, a joint, almost identical, effect of the factors of light and root competition on the growth of Pinus sibirica undergrowth is observed. In the mature 70-yearold birch stand, the main factor, influencing the growth of Pinus sibirica undergrowth, is the level of interception of photosynthetically active radiation by its canopy (light competition) with root competition is not expressed. In our opinion, this is due to the adaptive abilities and characteristics of the soil nutrition of the Pinus sibirica undergrowth and a change in the degree of soil saturation with organic compounds during the development of the post-fire birch forest.

알코올중독 치료기관 간호사의 근무 경험

Objectives: To analyze work experiences of nurses working in alcohol addiction treatment facilities, data were collected through focus group interviews. The objective of this study was to identify role conflicts and enhance their adaptive abilities. Methods: This study was conducted from July 1st, 2022 to September 30th, 2022. Twelve nurses working in two alcohol addiction treatment facilities (selected using intentional sampling methods) participated in this study after obtaining their consent for participation and recording. Data collected through focus group interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to qualitative research methods. Results: Three main themes and 17 subthemes categorized into seven categories were found. The three themes were 'doubts about the work itself,' 'confusing role conflicts,' and 'adaptation and competency enhancement.' The seven categories were: 'initial shock of work,' 'work burden due to exhaustion,' 'doubts about the nursing profession,' 'Conflict of roles where one cannot complain', 'adaptation through personal coping methods,' 'regaining confidence in the role of a nurse' and 'support for competency enhancement.' Conclusions: Nurses in alcohol addiction treatment facilities had different experiences of exhaustion and support depending on the hospital culture they worked in. Nurses recognized that having a clear understanding of their roles was more important than anything else.

Interest-Driven Creator Course in a Blended Setting to Develop Chinese College Students’ Adaptive Learning Skills

The aim of this study is to improve the adaptive learning skills outcomes of undergraduate students in bachelor’s degree by designing a compulsory interest-driven creator (IDC)-based English course in blended setting. A total of 210 Chinese college students participated in a quasi-experimental intervention. The research was conducted for 16 lessons over 16 weeks at a private college in China. The performance of the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG) was assessed by adaptive learning skills survey as a pre-test and a post-test to investigate proficiency. The results in EG showed a better outcome on the test than the CG. The result is especially worth implementing since its main components are the formation of individuals’ adaptive learning skills and ability to master specific learning outcomes. Therefore, the value of the IDC courses in higher education based on a blended setting augmented the effectiveness of learning outcomes with flexible and dynamic adaptive learning skills.

Study of short-term visual memory of athletes in cyclic sports, martial arts and esports

Background and Study Aim. To carry out a comparative analysis of indicators of short-term visual memory in athletes of cyclic sports (short track), martial arts (karate, taekwondo) and esports (CS:GO). Material and Methods. The study involved athletes of percussion martial arts (n=13, age 18.8±0.52, experienced athletes), elite players of semi-professional CS:GO teams (n=10, age 19.2±0.50), short track speed skaters (n=12, age 19.1±0.25, experienced athletes). Short-term visual memory was determined using a special program for tablet computers running iOS. Results. Certain trends have been established regarding the characteristics of the state of the body of elite athletes in martial arts, short track and esports in terms of averaged indicators. In terms of the short-term visual memory coefficient and the average percentage of errors, martial arts athletes showed the best result, and short trackers showed the worst result. The shortest average test duration was recorded for short trackers. At certain stages of the test, they dominated athletes of other specializations in terms of reaction time. However, the trend towards faster response was associated with a decrease in the accuracy of the selection, that is, a greater percentage of errors. Cyberathletes and martial arts athletes were characterized by better adaptive abilities than short track athletes. Conclusions. The specificity of sports activities of cyberathletes determined the best results of the most difficult stage of the test both in terms of speed and accuracy. This criterion can be recommended for esports selection and prediction. The control of the cognitive functions of athletes is expedient in the course of monitoring their physical condition and is a promising direction for predicting the reliability and success of competitive activity.

Information Provision of Management in Conditions of Digitization

With the growing competition, the rapidly developing technologies and the unstable economic conditions, enterprises have to face the objective of effective monitoring and analysis of the business performance. The ability of adaptation to changes, quick response on risks and timely updating of the strategies is key to success. By creating the adequate information support enterprises are allowed to not only survive in unstable conditions, but actively develop and take leading positions on the market. The article elaborates on to the problems which solutions would allow to match the processes involved in the design of information support for management with the conditions of global digitalization of economy and society, using Data Analysis approach. The contemporary world is witnessing rapid technological change that triggered digitalization in all walks of life. This process shows in the transition from paper documentation to the digital format, uses of information technologies in management and business operation. Digitalization has been radically changing the mode of management in organizations. Information support of management in the context of digitalization requires introduction of advanced technologies and effective use of information to achieve strategic goals. For successful management in the contemporary world, it is necessary to focus on improving information processes and ensuring their security, which are key factors of success in the digital era. In order to implement digital transformation into practice, it is necessary, first of all, to consider the relevant concepts, methods and tools. The introduction of innovative information technologies is a key factor in increasing competitiveness by creating an effective information base for business management.

Cultural and Social Capital in the Adaptation of Indonesian Students in the United States

Research on the adaptation of Indonesian students abroad often emphasizes internal abilities, self-motivation, and various psychological aspects. However, in the study of educational globalization, it is important to reinforce research on internal and psychological aspects with external approaches, such as social and cultural approaches. Therefore, this study measures the cultural and social capital that facilitates the adaptation of Indonesian students in the United States. The research utilized a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between variables. The findings indicate that both cultural and social capital have an impact on the adaptation abilities of Indonesian students in the United States, either simultaneously or partially, with social capital showing a more significant influence. The research aims to expand sociological theories related to student adaptation and serves as a strategic study to enhance the adaptation abilities of students studying abroad.

Unraveling the genetic diversity and evolution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF)

The analysis of genetic differences among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species has shed light on the genetic diversity and evolution of these fascinating organisms. AMF are essential constituents of land ecosystems because of their mutualistic symbiotic associations with plant roots. Their capability to amplify nutrient absorption, enhance water assimilation, and stimulate overall plant development plays a pivotal function in sustaining thriving ecosystems. By extensively examining the genomes of various AMF classifications, researchers have uncovered their evolutionary connections and gained understanding of the impact of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) on their genetic makeup. This knowledge has not only upgraded our comprehension of the evolutionary past of AMF but has also furnished valuable insights into the mechanisms that govern the symbiotic interactions between fungi and plants. In future studies on AMF genome variance, it is crucial to prioritize functional characterization, understand co-evolutionary dynamics with host plants, uncover mechanisms and implications of HGT, and integrate metagenomic approaches. By identifying the specific genes and genetic variations that contribute to AMF's ability to form mutualistic associations with plants, scientists can gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of this important ecological relationship. Furthermore, through the analysis of genetic divergence in both AMF and their host plants, researchers can elucidate the co-evolutionary dynamics that have shaped their mutualistic symbiosis. Equally, understanding the contribution of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to AMF genetic diversity can provide insights into the evolutionary history and adaptive abilities of these fungi. Ultimately, the incorporation of metagenomic techniques into future studies on AMF genetic diversity will facilitate a broader understanding of the microorganism populations associated with these fungi. By focusing on these domains, it is possible to advance our understanding of AMF biology and unlock novel opportunities for innovative applications in agriculture and ecosystem management.

Gambaran Motivasi Berprestasi, Efikasi Diri, dan Kemampuan Adaptasi pada Mahasiswa Semester 1 D3 Keperawatan Politeknik Negeri Indramayu

First year university students would experience a transition period from high school to college. This transition period was a challenge experienced by new students. Several aspects that were influential in overcoming these challenges include achievement motivation, adaptability, and self-efficacy. The aim of this research was to determine the description of achievement motivation, self-efficacy and adaptability in First Semester Students of D3 Keperawatan Politeknik Negeri Indramayu. This research was a descriptive observational study, with the research subjects was 1st semester of D3 Keperawatan Politeknik Negeri Indramayu, totaling 94 students. Data collection techniques in the research used the Achievement Motivation Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Adaptation Ability Scale. The research results showed that the level of achievement motivation, adaptability, and self-efficacy of 1st semester of D3 Keperawatan Politeknik Negeri Indramayu is quite adequate.