Adaptive Game Research Articles

The Lost of Virtual and Simulated Identity in Online/Virtual Platform Written Adaptation of a Game “Digimon Story Cyber Sleuth: Hacker’s Memory”

This creative project is a written adaptation of a video game entitled Digimon story Cyber Sleuth: Hacker’s Memory (2017). This adaptation will retell a story from the aforementioned video game title about an alternate Japanese society where technology has evolved so much that people can dive into a cyber space called EDEN. By using a set of computers and a special device called Digivice. In this virtual cyberspace, a physical manifestation can be achieved by having a virtual account and many people at the beginning of the story have been using EDEN for years to do many things. The story begins with a young man who lost his virtual account. In order to get his account back he has to get involved in the world of hackers which are individuals who are able to temper the programming codes of EDEN just like how it used to be in regular computers to achieve a certain purpose. In this involvement the protagonist also encounters creatures known as Digimon which will then play a major role in the story moving forward. The protagonist also meets a hacker group called Hudie which the protagonist ends up joining in order to gain support in searching for his missing account. The theme of this adaptation is how a missing a virtual identity ends up shaping another identity for the main protagonist. This adaptation also serves as a journey for the main protagonist who at the beginning falls under the category of “hacker” which is a bad term into a “hero” at the end. Key words: Virtual, cyber space, hacker, mental data, avatar, account, identity.

The Force Is Strong with This One (but Not That One): What Makes a Successful Star Wars Video Game Adaptation?

The Star Wars films have probably spawned more video game adaptations than any other franchise. From the 1982 release of The Empire Strikes Back on the Atari 2600 to 2019’s Jedi: Fallen Order, around one hundred officially licensed Star Wars games have been published to date. Inevitably, the quality of these adaptations has varied, ranging from timeless classics such as Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic, to such lamentable cash grabs as the Attack of the Clones movie tie-in. But what makes certain ludic adaptations of George Lucas’ space opera more successful than others? To answer this question, the critical response to some of the best-reviewed Star Wars games is analysed here, revealing a number of potential factors to consider, including the audio-visual quality of the games, the attendant story, and aspects of the gameplay. The tension between what constitutes a good game and what makes for a good Star Wars adaptation is also discussed. It is concluded that, while many well-received adaptations share certain characteristics—such as John Williams’ iconic score, a high degree of visual fidelity, and certain mythic story elements—the very best Star Wars games are those which advance the state of the art in video games, while simultaneously evoking something of Lucas’ cinematic saga.

Lost in Learning: Hypertext Navigational Efficiency Measures Are Valid for Predicting Learning in Virtual Reality Educational Games.

The lostness measure, an implicit and unobtrusive measure originally designed for assessing the usability of hypertext systems, could be useful in Virtual Reality (VR) games where players need to find information to complete a task. VR locomotion systems with node-based movement mimic actions for exploration and browsing found in hypertext systems. For that reason, hypertext usability measures, such as “lostness” can be used to identify how disoriented a player is when completing tasks in an educational game by examining steps made by the player. An evaluation of two different lostness measures, global and local lostness, based on two different types of tasks, is described in a VR educational game using 13 college students between 14 and 18 years old in a first study and extended using 12 extra participants in a second study. Multiple Linear Regression analyses showed, in both studies, that local lostness, and not global lostness, had a significant effect on a post-game knowledge test. Therefore, we argued that local lostness was able to predict how well-participants would perform on a post-game knowledge test indicating how well they learned from the game. In-game experience aspects (engagement, cognitive interest, and presence) were also evaluated and, interestingly, it was also found that participants learned less when they felt more present in the game. We believe these two measures relate to cognitive overload, which is known to have an adverse effect on learning. Further research should investigate the lostness measure for use in an online adaptive game system and design the game system in such a way that the risk of cognitive overload is minimized when learning, resulting in higher retention of information.

Adaptive System for the Generation of Emerging Behaviors in Serious Emerging Games

A video game adaptation system (SAV) for serious emergent games (JSE), allows emergent behaviors in the game, such as the appearance of environments, events, narratives and characters, among others, in order to adapt to the context in the one that is developing. In previous articles the architecture of a JSE engine has been proposed. Furthermore, a first subsystem has been proposed that allows the emergence of a JSE according to the objectives of the environment, based on the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO). In the present work, the second component of said architecture is specified, the SAV, which allows its dynamic adaptation (during the JSE). The SAV is made up of the sub-layers of strategies, sequences and properties, which manage each of these types of possible emergencies in a JSE, with the intention of dynamically adapting it to the context-domain where the game is being played. Furthermore, in this work the behavior of these sublayers is analyzed in a specific case study, showing very encouraging results of SAV in the educational context of an intelligent classroom (SaCI).

An adaptive educational computer game: Effects on students' knowledge and learning attitude in computational thinking

Several studies have reported that adaptivity and personalization in educational computer games facilitate reaching their full educational potential. However, there is little effort to develop adaptive educational computer games for promoting students' computational thinking (CT). In this study, an adaptive computer game is introduced, called AutoThinking, that not only promotes both CT skills and conceptual knowledge, but also provides adaptivity in both game-play and learning processes. To evaluate the possible effects of the game, an experimental study was carried out with 79 students in an elementary school in Estonia. AutoThinking and a conventional technology-enhanced learning approach were used for teaching CT to the experimental and control group, respectively. Our results reveal that AutoThinking improved students’ CT skills and conceptual knowledge better than the conventional approach. It was also found that students with a low and high level of prior knowledge made higher improvement in knowledge gain using the adaptive game compared to the traditional approach, especially those students with lower prior knowledge. Finally, our findings show that the adaptive game could also improve students' learning attitude toward CT better than the conventional approach, especially those students with higher prior learning attitudes.

Algorithmic adaptation and generalization of physically-constrained games

In this paper we introduce a novel strategy for generalizing existing puzzles and games by mathematically expressing the operations of the game; then deriving mathematical generalizations of those expressions; and finally implementing a new variant of the game using those generalized operations. The strategy is illustrated in a case study involving the adapting of a traditional game/puzzle to exploit the computational power of smart devices. The focus here is not so much on the end product as it is on the process and considerations underpinning its development by use of the proposed approach. Ancillary results of the venture include generalizations of the circular-shift operator and examination of its computational complexity.

Adaptation of folk games to accelerated swimming training of junior schoolchildren in outdoor swimming pools or reservoirs

The goal of the research was to test the effectiveness of the introduction of adapted Ukrainian folk games into the methodology of teaching swimming to junior schoolchildren in outdoor swimming pools or reservoirs.
 Methodology: theoretical analysis and summary of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical analysis and statistics.
 Results. To assess the children's swimming fitness during the research, we developed a set of swimming tests. The results showed that we were able to significantly reduce a fear of water in junior schoolchildren by 28% (p

Estimation, control, and games of dynamical systems with uncertainty

The rapid development and widespread applications of information technology have provided unprecedented tools for the investigation and regulation of various types of complex systems, and have yielded new opportunities for the development of systems and control sciences. The future development of information science cannot be achieved without the existing basic researches and insights. After a brief review of the development of control theory, this paper focuses on some basic scientific problems concerning the estimation, control, and games of dynamical systems with uncertainty. We review some related theoretical progress achieved by the authors research group, share some research experiences, and provide new insights and perspectives. We mainly consider the theoretical foundation of the following topics: proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, adaptive estimation, adaptive filtering, adaptive control, the maximum capability of feedback, adaptive games, collective behaviors, and game-based control systems. Because there are various feedback loops in dynamical systems, the properties of the systems observed data are usually determined using complex nonlinear dynamical equations; therefore, classical statistical assumptions such as independency and stationarity are far from being satisfied, which is a prominent feature of the theoretical investigation in this field.

Adaptive Music Composition for Games

The generation of music that adapts dynamically to content and actions has an important role in building more immersive, memorable and emotive game experiences. To date, the development of adaptive music systems for video games is limited by both the nature of algorithms used for real-time music generation and the limited modelling of player action, game world context and emotion in current games. We propose that these issues must be addressed in tandem for the quality and flexibility of adaptive game music to significantly improve. Cognitive models of knowledge organisation and emotional affect are integrated with multi-modal, multi-agent composition techniques to produce a novel Adaptive Music System (AMS). The system is integrated into two stylistically distinct games. Gamers reported an overall higher immersion and correlation of music with game-world concepts with the AMS than with the original game soundtracks in both games.

Adaptação do jogo trilha no desempenho das habilidades manipulativas de uma estudante com paralisia cerebral

The present study aimed to analyze the effects of the adapted Nine Men's Morris game on the performance of the manipulative skills of a 14-year-old student with cerebral palsy, in addition to describing the stages of the adaptation process. Given this, a single-subject ABAB withdrawal or reversal design was used, to assess behavior through the application and sequential withdrawal of the intervention. The research was divided into the following stages: 1) Game selection; 2) Baseline; 3) Game adaptation; 4) Intervention. A case record form was used as a data collection instrument. It contained the response variables with a score from zero to three, with the following assessment items: Movement accuracy; Range of movement; Hand capacity, and Movement speed. All sessions were filmed for the case record form to be scored after the sessions with the participant. The data were represented in graphs, separated by variables, with the descriptions of the adaptations made. As a result, the participant achieved significant improvements in all variables comprised of the manipulative skills. However, when adaptations were introduced, the scores increased, and when the intervention was withdrawn, the percentages decreased, showing a functional relationship between the independent variable (adapted Nine Men's Morris game) and the dependent variables (manipulative skills). Thus, it is concluded that the adapted Nine Men's Morris game was effective in terms of the manipulative skills of the student with cerebral palsy, promoting her autonomy during the game.

End-user centred Adaptation Process of an Educational Exergame to Mobile Platforms

This work presents the educational Exergame “The Incredible Adventures ofApollo & Rosetta in Space” adaptation process to mobile platforms, specifically Tablets. The Exergame was developed for Elementary School children in the school context, presented in previous work. The objective of this work is to propose a combination of three distinct end-user centered techniques in the process of the game adaptation: 1) evolutionary model of software development aimed for games; 2) non-participant observation on game applications with voluntary participants; 3) semi-structured interview with the participants. The methodology allowed the project’s development team to constantly evaluate the game adaptation through prototypes and user tests with four voluntary participants. These user tests were done in pairs during three sessions, with 1- hour session per week. As the results indicated, this end-user centered development enabled an effective portability process of the game between platforms.

La creación léxica en una lengua artificial: el dothraki, de Juego de Tronos

Este trabajo presenta un análisis del léxico del dothraki, lengua inventada para la popular adaptación televisiva Juego de tronos, basada en la saga Canción de hielo y fuego de George R. R. Martin. Primeramente, el estudio se ha centrado en los términos inventados por Martin con el fin de observar cómo estos influyen decisivamente en la construcción del vocabulario del dothraki. En segundo lugar, se incluye un corpus de palabras pertenecientes a los campos léxicos y semánticos más importantes de esta lengua. Estos permiten trazar, en último lugar, un análisis de los procedimientos de formación léxica empleados por David J. Peterson en el diseño de este sistema lingüístico artificial.

Competitive Agents and Adaptive Difficulty Within Educational Video Games

The entity players compete with is an important element of competitive mechanisms. However, this crucial element is barely investigated within educational video games, as educational psychology research focuses mainly on supportive role models (e.g., pedagogical agents, intelligent tutorial systems). Nevertheless, the influence on learning must be explored, as interaction with an opponent might accompany the whole learning process. Thus, an experiment was conducted comparing three forms of social competition with an emphasis on external valid applications. More specifically, playing against a human competitive agent, playing against an artificial competitive agent, and playing against an artificial leaderboard were compared. Additionally, methods of adaptive difficulty adjustment were included within these groups to harness the potential of artificial systems. The results of the study (N = 102) revealed a beneficial effect of adaptive mechanisms on learning performance and efficiency. Furthermore, a difference in play behavior could be observed. The participants reported a lowered feeling of shame, increased empathy, and behavioral engagement when facing competitive agents. In contrast, calculations revealed no significant impact on mental strains by potentially demanding social competitors. These results highlight the potential for the future development of adaptive game systems and help choose the optimal implementation of social competition within different educational video games.

Integrating adaptivity in educational games: a combined bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis review

In this synthesis, we systematically review research on educational games with adaptivity. Although an adaptive gaming experience provides personalization to learning, the complexity of design makes it difficult to evaluate its effectiveness. In this systematic review, we adopt three analytic approaches: (1) bibliometric analysis, (2) qualitative thematic analysis, and (3) meta-analysis. We identified 62 relevant publications and used bibliometric analysis to visualize the hidden conceptual structure among the articles. We then used thematic analysis to investigate the emerging themes in the research and inform the coding for meta-analysis. Twelve articles that used experimental designs were further screened to model the effect of adding adaptivity to educational games. We found that an adaptive learning condition does not produce a substantial overall effect compared to a non-adaptive condition (g = .11, p = .26). Furthermore, moderator analysis reveals that the design variability of adaptivity does not contribute as much to heterogeneity as hypothesized. However, the effect size is positive when the target outcome focuses on learning (g = .39, p < .001) and engagement (g = .41, p = .13). The effect size is negative when the target outcome focuses on game performance (g = − .27, p = .04). In addition, we find evidence for a potential publication bias based on the distribution of effect sizes.

Un estudio del Valyrio, lengua artificial diseñada para Juego de Tronos

&lt;p&gt;This paper presents a linguistic analysis of high Valyrio, a language designed by David J. Peterson for aesthetic purposes to complement the fantastic universe of the television adaptation of Game of Thrones. This study aims to show how the inventor has designed the main phonetic and morphosyntactic features of this system in order to give it a classic and natural language appearance.&lt;/p&gt;

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Application of cognitive system engineering in development of dragon boat sports

Dragon boat is a traditional sport in China. A trajectory control model of dragon boat movement development based on cognitive system engineering is proposed to achieve quantitative planning and cognitive design of dragon boat movement development. The constraint parameter model of the evolution control which affects the development of the dragon boat movement is constructed, and the state optimization and adaptive game equilibrium design of the development of the dragon boat movement are carried out by using the game control method, and the cognitive structure of the development of the dragon boat movement is combined. In order to improve the cognitive control ability of the development of the dragon boat, the cognitive system engineering design of the development of the dragon boat movement is carried out, and the methods of small disturbance suppression and adaptive equilibrium configuration are adopted to recognize the pattern and plan the state of the development process of the dragon boat movement. The cognitive system engineering design and control optimization for the development of dragon boat motion are realized by using joint parameter estimation and adaptive search control method. The simulation results shows that it is of better self-adaptability using this method to launch the cognitive system control and planning of dragon boat sports development, and the ability of self-adaptive process control and system cognition on dragon boat sports development has been improved.

JOGOS DE TABULEIRO E DE MESA NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: CONSTRUÇÃO DE ADAPTAÇÕES PARA INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DO ALUNO COM DEFICIÊNCIA

Estudos realizados no âmbito da inclusão escolar em aulas de educação física apontam que a inclusão escolar está associada à construção de um senso de pertencimento ao grupo pelo aluno com deficiência. Neste sentido, incluir exige mais do que a simples presença física na sala de aula, mas sim aceitação e envolvimento com a comunidade escolar como um todo. Nas aulas de educação física (EF), professores relatam dificuldades para promover a participação do aluno com deficiência, em diferentes conteúdos. Este trabalho relata a experiência de uma ação pedagógica realizada com alunos de uma escola pública de Florianópolis, apresentando a adaptação de jogos de mesa e de tabuleiro para participação da pessoa com deficiência. Participaram desta ação 135 alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, sendo as turmas do 7º, 8º e 9º ano, durante 18 aulas de EF. A ação pedagógica foi estruturada em quatro etapas 1) problematização; 2) pesquisa; 3) planejamento e aplicação; 4) socialização dos jogos. Ao final, foram criados seis jogos adaptados para pessoas com deficiência visual, auditiva, física e intelectual, que foram posteriormente socializados com toda a escola. Com materiais simples, criatividade e comprometimento foi possível mostrar como a adaptação, ao se abordar jogos de tabuleiros, contribui para tornar as aulas de EF mais inclusivas e acessíveis a todos.&#x0D; Recebido em: 23/04/2020&#x0D; Reformulado em: 03/06/2020&#x0D; Aceito em: 04/06/2020

Affective fidelity and schadenfreude: Fans and the adaptation of Game of Thrones’ Red Wedding

Game of Thrones was adapted from the A Song of Ice and Fire novel series. One of the most significant events in the novels is the Red Wedding, an occasion at which several popular protagonists are unexpectedly and violently killed off. Before the adaptation of the Red Wedding aired, members of a longstanding A Song of Ice and Fire fan forum participated in a discussion thread about their expectations of the scene. The term ‘affective fidelity’ is introduced to describe the ability of an adaptation to trigger the same or similar emotional responses as its source material. I argue that the emotional heart of these fans structures their expectations, especially with regard to whether the scene would trigger what they determined to be the ‘correct’ emotional response. The research also found those who expected the adapted Red Wedding to be so affectively faithful that they were dreading watching it. Some fans took pleasure in anticipating the schadenfreude they would experience when witnessing the displeasure of fans who had not read the novels, and some worked actively to ensure the maximum displeasure of those unknowing fans. I argue that although the field of adaptation studies strives to move beyond the issue of fidelity to source material, issues of fidelity are still important to fans whose object of fandom is being adapted.

The Influence of Social Relationship on Adaptive and Maladaptive Game Use

The Influence of Social Relationship on Adaptive and Maladaptive Game Use

The effectiveness of an adaptive digital educational game for the training of early numerical abilities in terms of cognitive, noncognitive and efficiency outcomes

AbstractAdaptive educational games provide new opportunities to train early numerical skills. However, empirical evidence for the effectiveness of adaptive educational games is scarce. This study investigated the effectiveness of an adaptive game compared to a nonadaptive game in terms of cognitive, noncognitive and efficiency outcomes. In total, 84 children were randomly assigned to a condition in which children trained early numerical skills with an adaptive version of the Number Sense Game (NSG), or to a condition in which they trained with a nonadaptive version. Early numeracy was evaluated before the training, immediately after the training and 3 weeks after the training. Math anxiety (MA) was assessed before and 3 weeks after the training. The time children practiced with the NSG was used to assess efficiency. Results revealed that children in both conditions improved on early numerical ability, with sustained effects 3 weeks after the training. In both conditions, children’s MA scores were lower after the training. Children in the adaptive condition learned more efficiently compared to the nonadaptive condition, and the interaction between prior knowledge and condition has shown that children with low prior knowledge benefited more from a nonadaptive training while children with high prior knowledge benefited more from an adaptive training in terms of learning efficiency. These results confirm that adaptive educational games can offer solace in terms of the need for differentiation.