Adaptive Resource Research Articles

Adaptive cloud resource allocation for large-scale crowdsourced multimedia live streaming services

Adaptive cloud resource allocation for large-scale crowdsourced multimedia live streaming services

ADAPTIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD FOR DATA PROCESSING AND SECURITY IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT

Subject of research: methods of resource allocation of the cloud environment. The purpose of the research: to develop a method of resource allocation that will improve the security of the cloud environment. At the same time, effective data processing should be achieved. Method characteristics. The article discusses the method of adaptive resource allocation in cloud environments, focusing on its significance for data processing and enhanced security. A notable feature of the method is the consideration of external influences when calculating the characteristics of cloud resource requests and predicting resource requests based on a time series test. The main idea of this approach lies in the ability to intelligently distribute resources while considering real needs, which has the potential to optimize both productivity and confidentiality protection simultaneously. Integrating adaptive resource allocation methods not only improves data processing efficiency in cloud environments but also strengthens mechanisms against potential cyber threats. Research results. To ensure timely resource allocation, the NSGA-II algorithm has been enhanced. This allowed reducing the resolution time of multi-objective optimization tasks by 5%. Additionally, research results demonstrate that effective utilization of various types of resources on a physical machine reduces resource losses by 1.2 times compared to SPEA2 and NSGA-II methods.

The complexity and interconnectedness of circular cities and the circular economy for sustainability

AbstractIn our study, we are evaluating the dynamic interplay between circular cities and the circular economy, revealing connections shaped by new research insights, using Web of Science database. We have in depth analysed 671 publications from 1990 to mid‐2023, employing Leximancer and VOSviewer tools. Our analysis uncovered key themes, including buildings, waste management, value chains, and sustainable development, linking the circular cities concept and circular economy framework. Emerging research trends, such as urban metabolism, urban mining, governance models, the built environment, sustainability benchmarks, and value chain management, signify deliberate shifts towards higher circular development and implementation. These trajectories harmonise with overarching sustainable development goals. Contemporary research emphasises urban mining, circular indicators, adaptive resource reuse, and urban structure regeneration. This focus facilitates transitioning from linear models to heightened circularity within urban contexts. Research inclination is shifting from traditional economic and environmental concerns towards holistic urban configurations that prioritise social integration, communal well‐being, and the dynamics of the social economy. Through this analytical expedition, we offer novel insights that enhance our understanding of the intricate symbiosis between circular cities and the circular economy. Our findings provide a scientific foundation for formulating targeted strategies by decision‐makers and guiding urban landscapes towards transformative trajectories aligned with sustainable development objectives and sustainable cities.

Память о 90-х как ресурс адаптации к новому кризису: анализ дискурсов российских СМИ

The article is devoted to the problem of memory functioning as a symbolic resource for adaptation to a crisis as a situation of high uncertainty. The author analyzes public practices of articulating memory about the early period of the post-Soviet transformation when discussing social and economic problems associated with the special military operation in Ukraine, that was declared by president Vladimir Putin on 24 February, 2022, and subsequent unprecedented extension of international sanctions. The study is based on Iwona Irwin-Zarecka’s theory of frames of remembrance. By revealing typical ways of framing the experience of the 1990s in media discourse during the first six months after 24 February, 2022, the author attempts to identify how this experience was tied to the current problems and thus determine the role of memory as a resource for adaptation to the new crisis. The analysis is based on publications in printed and online media that target different audiences. In order to reveal ways of framing statements about the 1990s, the author utilized the method of qualitative content analysis using the MAXQDA application. The results of the study confirm that in a situation of uncertainty caused by the forced restructuring of economic relations, social expectations and political goal-setting, the memory of a collective traumatic experience acts as an adaptation resource, which is associated with a partial transformation of its semantic framework. At the same time, the ideological splits tied to the memory of the 1990s persist and continue to determine the structure of the public discourse about the past.

An Automated Router With Optical Resource Adaptation

Photonic Integrated Circuits are rapidly becoming more reconfigurable using tunable waveguide elements, coming closer to realizing ‘general purpose’ programmable waveguide meshes. To utilize the full potential of such circuits, special software routines need to be developed to determine the optical paths inside the mesh. Right now, current methods either scale exponentially in problem size or are severely lacking performance-wise, largely unable to find solutions, especially in recirculating waveguide meshes with square or hexagonal unit cells. We present an algorithm that computes an efficient configuration that correctly routes all given signals. Whereas similar papers look at meshes containing 7 to 20 hexagonal cells, in this paper, meshes of up to hundreds of hexagonal cells are considered. We compare the results of our algorithm to an earlier proposed algorithm and to an optimal solution. Several parameters are introduced in the algorithm. These are studied and an optimizer is implemented to determine effective values for them.

Социально-психологические предикторы адаптации студентов колледжей – представителей коренных и малочисленных народов Севера, Сибири и Дальнего Востока к образовательной организации (на примере организаций среднего профессионального образования)

<p>The paper presents the results of studying the resources of academic, socio-cultural and psychological adaptation of students representing indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East to college. The sample consisted of 720 students, of which 304 people (58% girls) identify themselves as representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North and the Far East. The collection of empirical data was carried out using questionnaires (Scale of academic motivation; Questionnaire of online and offline coping; The Child and Youth Resilience Measure; Types of ethnic identity questionnaire; Scales of Psychological problems of adolescents; Methodology psychological safety of the educational environment). The adaptability of students was studied using the Scale of Socio-Cultural Adaptation; Self-assessment scales of satisfaction with various aspects of life; author's questionnaire. Regression analysis revealed invariant predictors (emotional attitude towards college, satisfaction with the educational environment of the college, adaptation to the amount of homework in the educational process) only for academic adaptation. Indicators of introjected learning motivation are also significant for predicting the success of academic adaptation of students representing the Indigenous Minorities and the Far East. The predictor of socio-cultural adaptation for the students representing the North, Siberia and the Far East nations is the level of ethno-egoism. Coping strategies and the size of the settlement predict the psychological adaptation this group students. The results obtained can contribute to the optimization of the process of socio-psychological adaptation of students-representatives the Indigenous Minorities to study in colleges.</p>

Role of Social Support in Mitigating Child Rearing Strain, Among Parents of Differently Abled Children: A Chain Mediation of Family Sense of Coherence and Family External Resources

The family is considered a fundamental cornerstone of society, holding a significant influence over the development of individuals, their emotional well-being, and the overall cohesion of communities. Raising a differently abled child is a fundamental aspect of familial dynamics that encompasses a multifaceted range of obligations, choices, and affective commitments. In view of this, the current research was carried out with the aim of analysing the influence of child rearing strain on family adaptation, along with the mediation effect of family sense of coherence and family external resources. The current study was conducted using a quantitative research design with survey and cross-sectional research methods. Data were collected from parents of differently abled children between January 2023 and May 2023. The study's scope covered nine divisions of the Punjab province. Data collection was conducted using an interview schedule and carried out with the collaboration of the Punjab Welfare and Baitul Mall departments. The analysis was conducted after gathering data from 200 parents of differently-abled children. Multistage and convenient sampling techniques were applied for data collection. To analyse the mediation results, structural equation modelling was employed to determine the effect of predictor variables on the dependent variables of the study, considering the mediation effect. Based on the major findings of the study, it is concluded that child rearing strain is closely connected with family adaptation and family external resource variables. This suggests that child rearing strain could be mitigated if families had access to external resources and social support to cope with adverse situations.

Application of a catch multiple survey analysis for Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus in the Delaware Bay

AbstractObjectiveThis paper applies a catch multiple survey analysis (CMSA) to Atlantic horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus in the Delaware Bay to generate robust population estimates for harvest management. Currently, horseshoe crabs along the U.S. Atlantic coast are harvested as bait for other fisheries and collected for their blood, which is used in a biomedical industry. The Delaware Bay is home to the largest population of horseshoe crabs and is a significant stopover for shorebirds to rebuild energy by consuming horseshoe crab eggs prior to completing their northward migration. To address this interrelationship, the Adaptive Resource Management (ARM) Framework has been used since 2013 to ensure that horseshoe crab harvest within the region takes into account the forage needs of migratory birds. Since its inception, the ARM Framework has used a single trawl survey's swept area‐based population estimates of horseshoe crab relative abundance and a theoretical population model developed primarily from literature‐derived values. With more data collected in the region in recent years and other sources of mortality that can now be quantified, a catch survey model can provide horseshoe crab population estimates going forward.MethodsA CMSA was used to estimate male and female horseshoe crab population size for 2003–2021 using all quantifiable sources of mortality and three fishery‐independent indices of abundance.ResultThe CMSA results indicated that adult abundance of male and female horseshoe crabs was stable from 2003 to 2013 and then began to increase through 2017, a result that is consistent with stock rebuilding following a period of harvest restrictions as recommended by the ARM Framework. Population estimates were lower in recent years but remained above the levels estimated before implementation of the ARM Framework. In 2021, the CMSA estimated that there were over 6 million mature females and nearly 16 million mature male horseshoe crabs in the region.ConclusionThe CMSA provides the best and most comprehensive population estimates of horseshoe crabs in Delaware Bay and will improve modeling efforts within the ARM Framework going forward.

Modeling and Optimization of LoRa Networks under Multiple Constraints.

With the access of massive terminals of the Internet of Things (IoT), the low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) applications represented by Long Range Radio (LoRa) will grow extensively in the future. The specific Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol within the LoRa network considers both low power consumption and long-range communication. It can optimize data transmission to achieve low communication latency, ensuring a responsive system and a favorable user experience. However, due to the limited resources in LoRa networks, if certain terminals have heavy traffic loads, it may result in unfair impacts on other terminals, leading to increased data transmission latency and disrupted operations for other terminals. Therefore, effectively optimizing resource allocation in LoRa networks has become a key issue in enhancing LoRa transmission performance. In this paper, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is proposed to minimize network energy consumption under the maximization of user fairness as the optimization goal, which considers the constraints in the system to achieve adaptive resource allocation for spreading factor and transmission power. In addition, an efficient algorithm is proposed to solve this optimization problem by combining the Gurobi mathematical solver and heuristic genetic algorithm. The numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the number of packet collisions, effectively minimize network energy consumption, as well as offering favorable fairness among terminals.

FEATURES OF PERSONAL ADAPTATION RESOURCES IN CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

The article is devoted to the analysis and systematization of the concepts "personality adaptation", "personality adaptation resources", "viability", "adaptation potential" that exist in psychological literature. An analysis of options for personal adaptation in war conditions is given, as well as various classifications of personal resources, their criteria and properties. The individual's own approach to understanding the phenomena of personal adaptation in the conditions of military conflict and personal adaptive resources is indicated. Factors of adaptability and possibilities of maximum formation of personal resources in the conditions of martial law are considered. One of the most important issues not only for Ukraine, but also for the whole world based on the Ukrainian experience, is the research and development of adaptive resources of the individual in the conditions of martial law and in general in the conditions of the protection of Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war and after it. Both domestic and foreign publications devoted to the topic of the analysis of the adaptive resources of the individual during the Russian-Ukrainian war are extremely few at the moment due to the lack of analogues of a similar situation in modern European life. That is why this issue is so unique both for the European space and for the entire international community. Both since 2014, and even more massively - since February 24, 2022, there is an incredible, very large, psychological and emotional burden not only on the entire Ukrainian society, but also on each individual person due to military actions on the territory of Ukraine. The main problem for every person in such conditions is the need to constantly strengthen personal resources in order to be able to adapt not only to rapidly changing socio-economic conditions, but also to compensate for the feeling of a threat to one's life and loved ones every moment. After all, if a person had to save himself and his family, then he needed to evacuate from the place of hostilities, leaving all his property, household, or move to the safest places in his native Ukraine (although there was still a periodic air raid and the threat of Russian missile strike) or emigrate to other countries that support Ukraine, or for some time be forced to live under conditions of temporary occupation by Russian troops.

RESOURCEFULNESS OF THE IMAGE OF THE FUTURE WORLD IN STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING STRESS AND FORMING AN INDIVIDUAL TIME PERSPECTIVE

Problem statement. It is shown that an important aspect of the phenomenon of the image of the future is its role in overcoming stress and forming an individual temporal perspective. The deployment of full-scale combat operations on the territory of Ukraine led to the fact that the individual time horizon of personal planning became short-term. People are in a state of acute stress. A positive attitude towards the future contributes to the effectiveness of an individual's activity and creates cognitive, adaptive and contextual resources. This contributes to the improvement of a person's mental health. The question of the resourcefulness of a positive representation of the image of the future has been little studied in psychological science. The purpose of the article is to present the results of an empirical study of the resourcefulness of the image of the future in strategies for overcoming stress and forming an individual time perspective. Results of the research. The features of the internal structure of the image of the future are determined through the following components: Future clarity, Future reliability, Future positivity and Future activity. It is shown that the components of the image of the future have a direct effect on the coping strategies: Expanding the view of the problem, Search for resources, Focusing on the positive and the reverse effect on the coping strategy Rejection of action. It was found that the components of the image of the future have a direct effect on the "Future" component in the time perspective and an inverse effect on the "Future negative" component in the time perspective. Conclusions and prospects for further research. It is concluded that a positive and active attitude to the future enables respondents to act in relation to future stressors by reassessing the situation, shifting the focus of attention from negative aspects to positive ones, and moving away from its dangerous influence. It is noted that in order for the orientation to the future to be expressive and to realize the purposefulness of the personality, the clarity of future contours and active efforts to rebuild it are necessary. Prospects for further research will be the study and identification of the construct "Types of coping in the temporal perspective", which can be defined as the interaction of the personality with stress in a temporal context.

Importance of Microalgae and Municipal Waste in Bioenergy Products Hierarchy—Integration of Biorefineries for Microalgae and Municipal Waste Processing: A Review

In the context of global advancements, the imperative of a sustainable energy supply looms large. Biomass, an adaptable and renewable resource, has garnered attention for its potential contributions, although economic uncertainties persist due to the intricate web of processing pathways. In response, the biorefinery concept emerges as a structured strategy to optimize the processing of microalgae and municipal solid waste (MSW), capitalizing on their multifaceted potential to yield diverse end-products. This review underscores the critical significance of a cohesive biorefinery paradigm that unites the processing of microalgae and MSW, unveiling their capacity to generate a spectrum of high-value products. The utilization of mixed-integer linear programming paves the way for an optimal biorefinery model that navigates through complex decisions. Challenges encompass the array of diverse feedstocks and the preliminary nature of data availability. The overarching goal of this research is to discern optimal pathways for the conversion of MSW and microalgae into energy and valuable products, with a focus on enhancing waste utilization and augmenting the energy supply. In the broader landscape, this comprehensive review advances strategies for sustainable energy generation and waste management, invigorating innovative approaches to shape future progress. By illuminating pathways towards maximizing the potential of biomass resources, this review contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable energy and waste utilization.

Strategi Pengembangan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Era Society 5.0 di Madrasah

This study seeks to reveal an initiative on the strategy of developing the quality of Islamic educational institutions at the madrasah level through the development of Human Resource Management. This research uses the literature study method, where literature searches in the form of relevant theories, including literature on human resource management in Islamic educational institutions, especially related to madrasah. Literature studies interpret data in descriptive analysis. References or literature are obtained from research results published in national or international journals, articles, books, and websites relevant to the discussion. This study seeks to answer problems about 1) The position of madrasah in the education system in Indonesia; 2) Human Resource Management in improving the quality of education in Madrasah which includes basic concepts and strategies. The results of this study show that, the strategy of developing Human Resource management in Madrasah is a cultural concept that is coherent with the vision and mission of the institution, and is aware that the culture of human resource development management as a cognitive representation is formed by the overall structure in madrasah educational institutions. A good organizational culture is characterized by norms and values that support excellence, teamwork, profitability, honesty, service orientation, integrity, and commitment to the madrasah educational organization/institution. So that madrasah has the ability to develop innovative and adaptive human resources to answer the challenges of Society 5.0.

Intelligent Hierarchical Network Slicing Based on Dynamic Multi-Connectivity in Cell-Free Distributed Massive MIMO Systems

In order to provide customized services for the future sixth-generation (6 G) mass business, we propose a two-timescale intelligent radio access network (RAN) slicing scheme under the architecture of cell-free distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Cell-free distributed massive MIMO systems have powerful macro diversity gain and multi-user interference suppression capabilities to improve the performance of different slices, and are more flexible in terms of service types based on network slicing. In the proposed scheme, we utilize the long-term and short-term trends of network to achieve adaptive resource allocation at different timescales, so as to utilize resources more effectively and meet performance requirements in parallel. Moreover, multi-connectivity is utilized to improve link reliability and further improve system performance, and user clustering reduces the impact of pilot contamination on system performance. In order to implement the RAN control strategy effectively, an efficient two-level deep reinforcement learning framework is proposed and the multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm is used to realize efficient network resource interaction in multi-device scenarios. Simulation results further verify the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent RAN slicing scheme.

Optimal monitoring and attack detection of networks modeled by Bayesian attack graphs

Early attack detection is essential to ensure the security of complex networks, especially those in critical infrastructures. This is particularly crucial in networks with multi-stage attacks, where multiple nodes are connected to external sources, through which attacks could enter and quickly spread to other network elements. Bayesian attack graphs (BAGs) are powerful models for security risk assessment and mitigation in complex networks, which provide the probabilistic model of attackers’ behavior and attack progression in the network. Most attack detection techniques developed for BAGs rely on the assumption that network compromises will be detected through routine monitoring, which is unrealistic given the ever-growing complexity of threats. This paper derives the optimal minimum mean square error (MMSE) attack detection and monitoring policy for the most general form of BAGs. By exploiting the structure of BAGs and their partial and imperfect monitoring capacity, the proposed detection policy achieves the MMSE optimality possible only for linear-Gaussian state space models using Kalman filtering. An adaptive resource monitoring policy is also introduced for monitoring nodes if the expected predictive error exceeds a user-defined value. Exact and efficient matrix-form computations of the proposed policies are provided, and their high performance is demonstrated in terms of the accuracy of attack detection and the most efficient use of available resources using synthetic Bayesian attack graphs with different topologies.

Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm With Adaptive Resource Allocation for Truck-Drone Collaborative Delivery and Pick-Up Services

To efficiently implement the truck-drone collaborative logistics system, we introduce a multi-objective truck-drone collaborative routing problem with delivery and pick-up services (MCRP-DP). A truck collaborating with a fleet of drones serves three types of customers that require delivery, pick-up, and simultaneous delivery & pick-up services, respectively. Different from most of the existing studies where the drone visits only one customer in a flight, we allow the drone to serve another customer requiring pick-up service when it completes a delivery service. Meanwhile, we simultaneously optimize three objectives: transportation costs, waiting time of vehicles (i.e., truck and drone), and service reliability. To solve MCRP-DP, we propose an objective space decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with adaptive resource allocation (ODEA-ARA) In ODEA-ARA, an objective space decomposition strategy is used to maintain the diversity while an adaptive resource allocation strategy is designed to improve convergence. We design an ensemble of relative improvement and relative contribution to assist the resource allocation and a variable neighborhood Pareto local search integrating 7 problem-specific neighborhood structures to improve the solution. Extensive computational experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of ODEA-ARA. The experimental results show that ODEA-ARA outperforms its competitors. Meanwhile, several useful managerial insights are presented.

Space Communication Network in the New Era: Architecture, Key Technologies, and Challenges

Space communication network (SCN) is a feasible and flexible solution to enable global seamless coverage, as well as service orchestration in a wide range. It's emerged as a promising perspective for the next-generation communication network. However, the design of SCN architecture with both efficiency and security remains an open challenge. In this paper, we propose a new system architecture for SCN, along with new hardware components, such as the collaborative edge gateway, the reconfigurable label-based switch, etc. Meanwhile, three core capabilities of the proposed architecture are elaborated, including structural collaborative security, efficient adaptive communication, and distributed service orchestration. Firstly, as for single node of SCN has weak security capability, the structural collaborative security aims to establish a strengthened security structure among nodes. Through security associations and strategy collaborations, nodes in the structure can cooperate to resist large-scale distributed attacks. Secondly, instead of fixed coverage and limited protocol exchange, the efficient adaptive communication introduces communication resource adaptation to realize on-demand resource scheduling, and introduces transmission protocol adaptation to support more heterogeneous connections. Thirdly, to solve the efficiency problem of centralized orchestration in a wide area, a smart agent with a learning-based Pattern-Matching Library is constructed, namely, a distributed component to execute near real-time service orchestration, which uses decomposing-based orchestration optimization to accomplish a lower service latency. In addition to the key technologies, some future research directions are also provided for enlightening the researchers.

Retrospective and Prospective Approaches to Christian Education in Church of Christ Schools in Zimbabwe

This article explores the past, present, and future of Christian education (CE) in the Church of Christ in Zimbabwe (COCZ) schools under the Dadaya, Mashoko, and Chidamoyo clusters. It highlights the retrospective and prospective aspects of CE within the church by emphasizing the adaptability, collaboration, and utilization of contemporary tools and resources to effectively carry out the mission of CE in Zimbabwean schools. It acknowledges the strong historical foundation of COCZ schools in providing biblical teachings, moral formation, and faith integration. However, it also highlights the challenges faced by the COCZ in maintaining this foundation posed by church politics and oppressive family ministries. This study assesses the patterns, dynamics, and consequences of intentional CE influenced by the COCZ’s ethical and moral principles, commonly known as the Restoration Movement principles or the Stone–Campbell theories of “restoring the church to its first century forms”. It recognizes the impact of COCZ school education on the development of church leaders as well as civil and secular leaders from COCZ-mission school graduates. However, it acknowledges that the historical foundation has been gradually fading in the post-missionary era. Looking ahead, this article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive and holistic approach to CE that addresses all aspects of individuals’ well-being in that church. This includes adapting to societal changes, developing CE-conscious leaders, engaging in community outreach, embracing digital tools and resources, and fostering collaborative networks with other CE-conscious church schools and institutions. This article suggests that by embracing these prospects, the COCZ can enhance its commitment to CE and positively impact the lives of its members and the wider community at its mission stations. Using WhatsApp interviews for data collection, it discusses these prospects by focusing on transformative leadership, embracing diversity, effective communication, and addressing power dynamics to facilitate the church’s mission and vision in Zimbabwe.

Surface Condensation Water under Salix psammophila Is the Main Water Source in Addition to Rainfall in the Kubuqi Desert

Amidst climate change, managing water and vegetation adaptability is vital in ecology and agriculture. Salix psammophila is key in deserts, maintaining ecological balance and combating desertification. Understanding its surface condensation and response to weather is critical for survival. This study aims to investigate the formation patterns of surface condensation water under S. psammophila at different irrigation levels and the influence of precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. Conducted in China’s Kubuqi Desert from June to September 2022, the study employed micro-lysimeters with four irrigation test sets and a control group, conducting detailed observations at various locations. The results indicate that S. psammophila significantly influences surface condensation water by blocking solar radiation and reducing wind speed. The drip irrigation system also regulates surface condensation water on S. psammophila. Moreover, meteorological factors such as 24 h maximum temperature, relative humidity difference, wind speed, and air vapor pressure deficit show significant correlations with surface condensation water formation. In conclusion, this study enhances the understanding of desert ecosystem water balance, vegetation adaptability, and efficient water resource utilization. It provides valuable scientific guidance for the conservation and restoration of desert ecosystems.

Cooperative Game-Based Resource Allocation Scheme for Heterogeneous Networks with eICIC Technology

Heterogeneous network (HetNet) is considered to be the most promising approach for increasing communication capacity. However, HetNet control problems are difficult due to their intertier interference. Recently, the enhanced intercell interference coordination (eICIC) technology is introduced to offer several benefits, including a more equitable traffic load distribution across the macro and embedded small cells. In this paper, we design a new resource allocation scheme for the eICIC-based HetNet. Our proposed scheme is formulated as a joint cooperative game to handle conflicting requirements. By adopting the ideas of Kalai and Smorodinsky solution (KSS), multicriteria Kalai and Smorodinsky solution (MCKSS), and sequential Raiffa solution (SRS), we develop a hybrid control algorithm for an adaptive resource sharing between different base stations. To effectively adjust the eICIC fraction rates, the concepts of MCKSS and SRS are applied in an interactive manner. For mobile devices in the HetNet, the assigned resource is distributed by using the idea of KSS. The key insight of our algorithm is to translate the originally competitive problem into a hierarchical cooperative problem to reach a socially optimal outcome. The main novelty of our approach is its flexibility to reach a reciprocal consensus under dynamic HetNet environments. Exhaustive system simulations illustrate the performance gains along different dimensions, such as system throughput, device payoff, and fairness among devices. The superiority of our proposed scheme is fully demonstrated in comparison with three other existing eICIC control protocols.