Adaptive Characteristics Research Articles

Enhanced performance and functionality in spintronic sensors

AbstractSpintronic sensors are uniquely positioned to deliver the next generation of high-performance magnetic field measurement tools with re-configurable key features. In this perspective article, we focus on giant and tunnel magnetoresistance sensors that exploit changes in the electrical resistance of thin films in response to an external magnetic field. We discuss strategies to address ongoing open challenges to improve operation limits. The goal is to meet current technological needs and thus expand the scope of existing applications. We also propose innovative approaches to design sensors with adaptable characteristics and embedded multifunctionality, aiming to create opportunities for future magnetic sensing applications. These solutions leverage the versatility of spintronic sensors, from the thin-film multilayers that form their building blocks, to device fabrication methods and potential integration with other technologies. The outlook of novel applications spans multiple areas, including electric vehicles, robotics, remote detection, or biomedicine.

Exploring the potential of bioactive compounds of Capparis spinosa L. from Morocco: Unveiling its antioxidant and antifungal powers against Alternaria alternata

Capparis spinosa L. is a Mediterranean shrub and one of the most important species of the gender Capparis due to its ecological, medicinal and economic importance. This species has strong adaptation characteristics to regions with fluctuating climates. This work aims to evaluate the effect of the locality’s climate and plant’s parts on the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant and antifungal activities of caper leaves and seeds. The present study was carried out in 7 localities in 2 Moroccan regions, Oriental and Fez-Meknes, where we collected leaves and seeds samples. Phenolic compounds were determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method, antioxidant activity was studied by DPPH and ABTS tests and an in vitro test of antifungal activity was achieved using Alternaria alternata. The analysis of variance showed no significant effect of locality, plant’s parts and their interaction on the phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antifungal activities of C. spinosa. Methanolic leaves extracts demonstrated the most favorable outcomes, yielding a maximum polyphenol content of 124.48 ± 0.05 mg EAG/g DW. Additionally, the maximum flavonoid content was recorded at 24.51 ± 0.01 mg EQ/g DW. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration at 50 % (IC50) is 2.06 ± 0.05 mg/mL and 2.05 ± 0.02 mg/mL using DPPH and ABTS tests respectively. These extracts exhibited the highest % of inhibition, 30.59 % at 1000 ppm against A. alternata. The richness of the caper plant in bioactive compounds reveals an interest in its therapeutic and pharmaceutical virtues. In addition, it could be an alternative to chemicals for the control of phytopathogenic fungi on fruits or vegetables.

Characteristics Of Organizational Culture, Adaptation Ability, And Performance Of Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises

This study investigates the role of organizational culture, adaptability, and performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in facing market dynamics and technological developments. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a very important role in the economy, but often experience challenges in the adaptation process due to the lack of support from the right organizational culture. This study aims to explore the characteristics of organizational culture and adaptability in improving the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The results of the study show that an organizational culture that supports adaptation and innovation can significantly improve the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The ability to adapt helps MSMEs respond to change and strengthens an organizational culture that is sensitive to needs. The results of this study indicate that the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector needs to implement an adaptive organizational culture to increase competitiveness and ensure survival in an ever-changing market.

A qualitative assessment of behavioral interview method among anesthesiology residency applicants

Background The objective of residency recruitment is to select the most appropriate candidate. While cognitive skills are identified before an interview and can be measured objectively, non-cognitive skills can be harder to discern. These non-cognitive skills though are a good predictors of future residency performance. A structured behavioral interview is better at identifying noncognitive skills compared to a traditional interview. Objective Compare the noncognitive traits identified in the interviews with those identified in resident evaluations Methods Using the semi-annual evaluations 6 residents were split between satisfactory group and excellent group. Behavioral-based interviews and traditional unstructured interviews conducted on the same individual were compared and the results of the interview were compared to the semi-annual and annual evaluations submitted by the teaching faculty and the program directors. The interviews were analyzed for non-cognitive skills. Results Qualitative analysis of behavioral interview narratives and the narrative part of the semiannual evaluations independently identified the non-cognitive characteristics of adaptability, decisiveness, time management, judgment, and the ability to work in a team. It also identified other essential non-cognitive skills necessary for an anesthesiologist, such as ability to prioritize, study techniques, ability to destress. Conclusion The noncognitive traits found in the excellent group response to the structured interview match those found in the semi-annual evaluations. In this case individuals who are suited to the field of anesthesiology are adaptable, decisive, team-players with excellent judgment.

Resilience Assessment and Influencing Factors Analysis of Water Security System in the Yellow River Basin

The assessment and regulation of water security system resilience (WSSR) are important ways to alleviate water resource crises. On the basis of the three characteristics of resilience, namely, resistance, restoration, and adaptability, an evaluation index system of the WSSR was built for the Yellow River Basin (YRB). A projection pursuit model based on the sparrow search algorithm (SSA-PP model) was constructed to assess the WSSR at the overall and provincial scales from 2009 to 2022. The factors influencing the spatial distribution patterns of WSSR was identified through factor detector and interactive detector techniques. The results revealed that: (1) From 2009 to 2022, the YRB exhibited a rising trend in WSSR, with the western region attaining the peak level, and the eastern region recording the lowest magnitude. (2) the adaptability capacity of most provinces and regions in the YRB tended to decrease to about 1.0, whereas the resistance and restoration capacities tended to increase towards 2.0. (3) Factors relevant to the restoration and adaptability subsystems, such as the development and utilization ratio of water resources and surface water resources (B2 and B3), water resource load index (C1), water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP (C8), and total precipitation (A1), significantly affected the WSSR. The interaction between factors exhibited significant enhancement effects on explanatory. Therefore, targeted countermeasures and recommendations were provided to improve the WSSR in the YRB.

Design of a Traditional Village Cultural Heritage Preservation and Management System Based on Multi-Agent Networks

Preserving cultural heritage is essential for maintaining cultural diversity and promoting sustainable development. This study investigates the application of multi-agent networks in the protection and management of traditional village cultural heritage, capitalizing on their inherent distributed, collaborative, and adaptable characteristics. By integrating advanced technologies such as big data, data mining, and machine learning, the research meticulously develops a comprehensive system architecture and functional modules aimed at revitalizing traditional village spaces. The findings demonstrate significant enhancements in protection efficiency, while simultaneously fostering cultural inheritance and innovation within village communities. Through these innovative approaches, this study provides valuable insights into the preservation of traditional village cultural heritage and contributes to the broader objectives of cultural diversity conservation.

Optimal Design of Smart Antenna Arrays for Beamforming, Direction Finding, and Null Placement Using the Soft Computing Method

ABSTRACTThe urge of modern communication system is to design and development of the smart antennas with adaptive radiation characteristics. The multifold capabilities of fourth‐dimensional antenna arrays can cater that much needed adaptiveness if properly designed. Compared to the conventional arrays, the fourth‐dimensional arrays have one added advantage as the ‘Time’ of all the switched‐on antenna elements can be managed to generate the required amplitude and phase tapering without even using attenuators and phase shifters. However, one inherent limitation of fourth‐dimensional control parameter is the generation of harmonics or sidebands. This article proposes various means of radiation pattern synthesis in fourth‐dimensional linear antenna arrays with pulse shifting, pulse splitting, and a combination of both. First of all, the pulse splitting and shifting techniques are combinedly proposed by reducing the sidelobe levels and sideband levels of the beamforming antenna arrays to enhance directivities and efficiencies. Then, this mathematical proposition of the direction finding fourth‐dimensional arrays is developed. Finally, broad nulls over a specific angle of arrival region are created for jamming and interference mitigation. For all these cases, the sidelobe level and the unwanted higher‐order sideband levels are suppressed to reduce the unwanted interferences and power losses. The optimal time schemes for all the synthesized patterns are generated by proposing a chaos‐based soft computing algorithm. The radiofrequency signals at each radiating array element are processed by the optimal time schemes proposed for specific applications. The outcomes are validated and compared with other state‐of‐the‐art works of this domain to prove the competency of the proposed work. The qualitative and quantitative comparisons presented for beamforming array is aimed for a good improvement over other reported works by targeting ultralow (less than −40 dB) sidelobe and sideband levels. For direction‐finding array, the proposed idea has also targeted ultralow sidelobes for the main as well as steered beam patterns. Furthermore, the null placement over a region has been aimed to cover more area for jamming and sidelobe reduction for interference mitigation. Overall, the optimal designs proposed for these advanced applications are beneficial for cutting‐edge communication systems.

Molecular characterization, carbohydrate metabolism and tolerance to abiotic stress of Eremothecium coryli endophytic isolates from fruits of Momordica indica.

Yeasts are unicellular fungi that occur in a wide range of ecological niches, where they perform numerous functions. Furthermore, these microorganisms are used in industrial processes, food production, and bioremediation. Understanding the physiological and adaptive characteristics of yeasts is of great importance from ecological, biotechnological, and industrial perspectives. In this context, we evaluated the abilities to assimilate and ferment different carbon sources, to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, and to tolerate salt stress, heavy metal stress, and UV-C radiation of two isolates of Eremothecium coryli, isolated from Momordica indica fruits. The two isolates were molecularly identified based on sequencing of the 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Our isolates were able to assimilate nine carbon sources (dextrose, galactose, mannose, cellobiose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, melezitose, and pectin) and ferment three (glucose, maltose, and sucrose). The highest values of cellular dry weight were observed in the sugars maltose, sucrose, and melezitose. We observed the presence of hyphae and pseudohyphae in all assimilated carbon sources. The two isolates were also capable of producing amylase, catalase, pectinase, and proteases, with the highest values of enzymatic activity found in amylase. Furthermore, the two isolates were able to grow in media supplemented with copper, iron, manganese, nickel, and zinc and to tolerate saline stress in media supplemented with 5% NaCl. However, we observed a decrease in CFU at higher concentrations of these metals and NaCl. We also observed morphological changes in the presence of metals, which include changes in cell shape and cellular dimorphisms. The isolates were sensitive to UV-C radiation in the shortest exposure time (1min). Our findings reinforce the importance of endophytic yeasts for biotechnological and industrial applications and also help to understand how these microorganisms respond to environmental variations caused by human activities.

Bacillus velezensis B105-8, a potential and efficient biocontrol agent in control of maize stalk rot caused by Fusarium graminearum.

Maize stalk rot (MSR), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is the most serious soil borne disease in maize production, seriously affecting maize yield and quality worldwide. Microbial biocontrol agents are the best means of controlling MSR and reducing the use of chemical fungicides, such as Bacillus spp. In the study, a soil-isolated strain B105-8 was identified as B. velezensis (accession No. PP325775.1 and No. PP869695.1), demonstrated a broad spectrum against various pathogens causing maize diseases, which effectively controlled MSR, exhibited a high control efficacy of more than 60% and growth-promoting effect in the pot plant. B105-8 could effectively improve soil urease (S-UE), invertase (S-SC), and catalase (S-CAT) activities. S-NP activity showed an initial increase with a peak of 20,337 nmol/h/g, followed by a decrease, but activity remained significantly better than control treatment with chemical fungicides. The application of B105-8 repaired the damage caused by F. graminearum on soil activity. The antifungal compound B-1, extracted from B105-8, was purified using a protein purifier, revealing inhibitory effects against F. graminearum. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated the potential presence of C14 Bacillomycin, C15 Iturin, C15 Mycosubtilin, C17, and C15 fengycin in B-1. In pot experiments, a 5 μL/mL concentration of B-1 exhibited 69% control on MSR, enhancing maize root elongation, elevation, and fresh weight. At 10 μL/mL, B-1 showed 89.0 and 82.1% inhibition on spore production and mycelial growth, causing hyphal deformities. This study presents the innovative use of B. velezensis, isolated from maize rhizosphere in cold conditions to effectively control MSR caused by F. graminearum. The findings highlight the remarkable regional and adaptive characteristics of this strain, making it an excellent candidate to fight MSR in diverse environments. In conclusion, B. velezensis B105-8 demonstrated potential as a biocontrol agent for MSR.

Comparative Characteristics of Short-term and Long-term Adaptation by Blood Analysis of Foreign Female Students (India) to the Educational Process System

The article is devoted to the study of the comparative characteristics of the analysis of the leukocyte formula indicators of foreign female students from India during short-term and long-term sociocultural and other demographic factors of adaptation to educational process systems. We found little difference in the blood analysis of foreign Indian female students with short-term, long-term and social adaptation to the educational environment. Based on the evidence of the studied material, it is determined that the body reacts to each environmental requirement with a special effect. If, in one case, as at the initial stage of training, a student is faced with a situation of non-variability, then this requires the mobilization of many resources of the body, while in another case, at a longer and already established stage of training, the student’s body successfully copes with various influencing factors.

Vegetation Growth and Physiological Adaptation of Pioneer Plants on Mobile Sand Dunes

The Hunshandake Sandy Land is one of the largest sandy areas in China and the closest source of sand dust to the Beijing and Tianjing areas. Sand fixation by vegetation is considered the most efficient strategy for sand control and sustainable development, so clarifying the vegetation coverage and plant adaptation characteristics in the Hunshandake Sandy Land is helpful in guiding restoration and improving local sustainability. Here, we investigated the vegetation growth on the mobile sand dunes in the Hunshandake Sandy Land and specified the photosynthesis and stomatal characteristics of the pioneer plants for sand fixation. The vegetation survey showed that the windward slopes of the mobile sand dunes had far lower plant coverage (6.3%) and plant biodiversity (two species m−2) than the leeward ones (41.0% and eight species m−2, respectively). Elymus sibiricus L. and Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq. were the only two sand-fixing pioneer plants that grew on both the windward and leeward slopes of the mobile sand dunes and had higher plant heights, greater abundance, and more biomass than other plants. Physiological measurements revealed that Elymus sibiricus L. and Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq. also had higher photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and water use efficiency. In addition, the stomata density (151–197 number mm−2), length (18–29 μm), and area index (13–19%) of these two pioneer species were smaller than those of the common grassland species in Inner Mongolia, suggesting that they were better adapted to the dry habitat of the mobile sand dunes. These findings not only help in understanding the adaptive strategies of pioneer plants on mobile sand dunes, but also provide practical guidance for sand dune restoration and the sustainable development of local areas. Pioneer sand-fixing plant species that are well adapted to sand dunes can be used for sowing or aerial seeding in sand fixation during ecosystem restoration.

A comparative study on the genomic and functional diversity of 187 strains of Lactobacillus helveticus

Lactobacillus helveticus, as a potential probiotic resource, is crucial for research on its gene functions and industrial development potential. However, studies on its genomic diversity and adaptive evolution characteristics remain inadequate. This study delves into the genomic characteristics, population structure, and functional diversity of L. helveticus by conducting a comparative genomics analysis of 187 strains [184 strains from NCBI, 3 isolates from dairy]. The results indicated that 187 L. helveticus genomes had a large and open pan-genome (14,047 pan-genes and 503 core genes). The coregene phylogenetic tree constructed from 187 L. helveticus genomes primarily divides into six clades, However, significant functional metabolic differences (P < 0.05) were observed between different clades and isolation sources, with the presence of unique CAZymes, such as enhanced mannose degradation (GH92) and intestinal starch degradation (GH13_14). Three dairy-associated isolates of L. helveticus were found genomic rearrangements. Additionally, various MGEs were identified (plasmids, IS, prophages, etc.), facilitating the dissemination of virulence factors like ClpP [VF0074] and HasC [VF0244]. These results underscore the remarkable genome and function diversity of L. helveticus, with MGEs driving the evolution of genomic diversity among strains. Our study offers fresh perspectives and strategies for selecting candidate strains for application in the food industry.

Search for signals of positive selection of circadian rhythm genes PER1, PER2, PER3 in different human populations.

The diversity of geographically distributed human populations shows considerable variation in external and internal traits of individuals. Such differences are largely attributed to genetic adaptation to various environmental influences, which include changes in climatic conditions, variations in sleep and wakefulness, dietary variations, and others. Whole-genome data from individuals of different populations make it possible to determine the specific genetic sites responsible for adaptations and to further understand the genetic structure underlying human adaptive characteristics. In this article, we searched for signals of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) under selection pressure in people of different populations. To identify selection signals in different population groups, the PER1, PER2 and PER3 genes that are involved in the coordination of thermogenic functions and regulation of circadian rhythms, which is directly reflected in the adaptive abilities of the organism, were investigated. Data were analyzed using publicly available data from the 1000 Genomes Project for 23 populations. The Extended Haplotype Homozygosity Score statistical method was chosen to search for traces of selection. The comparative analysis performed identified points subject to selection pressure. The SNPs were annotated through the GWAS catalog and manually by analyzing Internet resources. This study suggests that living conditions, climate, and other external factors directly influence the genetic structure of populations and vary across races and geographic locations. In addition, many of the selection variants in the PER1, PER2, PER3 genes appear to regulate biological processes that are associated with major modern diseases, including obesity, cancer, metabolic syndrome, bipolar personality disorder, depression, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, lupus erythematosus, stroke and Alzheimer's disease, making them extremely interesting targets for further research aimed at identifying the genetic causes of human disease.

Bifurcation enhances temporal information encoding in the olfactory periphery.

Living systems continually respond to signals from the surrounding environment. Survival requires that their responses adapt quickly and robustly to the changes in the environment. One particularly challenging example is olfactory navigation in turbulent plumes, where animals experience highly intermittent odor signals while odor concentration varies over many length- and timescales. Here, we show theoretically that Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) can exploit proximity to a bifurcation point of their firing dynamics to reliably extract information about the timing and intensity of fluctuations in the odor signal, which have been shown to be critical for odor-guided navigation. Close to the bifurcation, the system is intrinsically invariant to signal variance, and information about the timing, duration, and intensity of odor fluctuations is transferred efficiently. Importantly, we find that proximity to the bifurcation is maintained by mean adaptation alone and therefore does not require any additional feedback mechanism or fine-tuning. Using a biophysical model with calcium-based feedback, we demonstrate that this mechanism can explain the measured adaptation characteristics of Drosophila ORNs.

Seasonal variations in composition and function of gut microbiota in grazing yaks: Implications for adaptation to dietary shift on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

Gut microbiome of animals is affected by external environmental factors and can assist them in adapting to changing environments effectively. Consequently, elucidating the gut microbes of animals under different environmental conditions can provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of their adaptations to environmental change, with a particular focus on animals in extreme environments. In this study, we compared the structural and functional differences of the gut microbiome of grazing yaks between the summer and winter seasons through metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The results indicated that the composition and function of microbes changed significantly. The study demonstrated an increase in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and a higher ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) in winter, this process facilitated the adaptation of yaks to the consumption of low-nutrient forages in the winter. Furthermore, the network structure exhibited greater complexity in the winter. Forage nutrition exhibited a significant seasonal variation, with a notable impact on the gut microbiota. The metagenomic analysis revealed an increase in the abundance of enzymes related to amino acid metabolism, axillary activity, and mucin degradation in the winter. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the gut microbiome of grazing yaks exhibits several adaptive characteristics that facilitate better nutrient accessibility and acid the host in acclimating to the harsh winter conditions. Furthermore, our study offers novel insights into the mechanisms of highland animal adaptation to external environments from the perspective of the gut microbiome.

Research on Internal Flooding Analysis of Small Modular Reactors Based on Particle Method

Abstract The analysis of internal water flooding in nuclear power plants is a necessary part of safety review in the approval process of nuclear power plant construction projects. According to relevant regulations, it is necessary to conduct water flooding spread analysis on pipelines, water tanks, or pools filled with liquid in nuclear power plant buildings, analyze the spread path and water flooding height. This article analyzes and calculates the flow characteristics of water in a nuclear power plant building using a fluid calculation method based on the Lagrangian method (particle method). Taking the small modular reactor JR building as a case study, it analyzes the spread and height of four water flooding sources inside the building. According to the simulation time of 1800S, the results show that the flooding caused by the No. 2 water source is the most severe, with a flooding height of 1.367m. Drainage or preventive measures need to be taken to prevent the pipeline from breaking accidents; The flooding sources 1, 2, and 4 have a relatively mild impact, resulting in a lower flooding height and will not have a significant impact on important safety equipment, with little impact on the safety of nuclear power plants. The CFD analysis method was used to conduct water flooding analysis for nuclear power plants, which has the characteristics of strong adaptability and good visualization. It can dynamically simulate the entire process of water flooding analysis and better guide the design of water flooding protection for nuclear power plants.

Ammonia Sprays for Combustion: A Review

Ammonia is a globally transported chemical used for a variety of applications, most notably, the production of fertiliser. Over the past decade, attention has been afforded to the use of ammonia as an energy carrier, coupling global supply of renewable energy to demand regions. Ammonia’s advantages as an energy carrier include its ease of liquefaction and established international transportation routes; overcoming its low reactivity, excessive production of nitrogen oxides and its toxicity remain as challenges. For energy applications, fuel delivery is a critical aspect of effective combustion in boilers, burners and engines. Due to its adaptable phase change characteristics, ammonia fuel may be injected as a liquid or vapour, each with respective advantages or disadvantages. The focus of this review concerns the characterisation of liquid ammonia fuel injection for combustion, including recent research findings from experimental and simulation studies. Liquid ammonia injection can result in the highly dynamic so-called ‘flashing’ or ‘flash boiling’ phenomena. Research findings have been drawn from other related applications such as accidental hazardous releases. Bespoke optical experimental rigs together with diagnostic techniques and two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have enabled studies of the flashing jets under various initial or final conditions, with recent work also examining ammonia spray combustion. The review concludes with an insight into future trends and requirements for liquid ammonia combustion. Reciprocating engines for marine propulsion are cited as potential early adopters of ammonia energy.

Extrachromosomal DNA : New Players in Oncology

DNA that is found outside the main chromosomes in a cell's nucleus is known as extrachromosomal DNA. This type of DNA is not part of the standard 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans and instead exists as standalone circular or linear DNA structures. Unlike bacterial plasmids, extrachromosomal DNA in human cells contains important genetic material and holds particular significance in cancer cells. Critical characteristics of ecDNA in Cancer is that they frequently harbour amplified versions of oncogenes such as MYC, EGFR, and CCND1. These oncogenes propel the growth and survival of tumors. Cancer cells utilize ecDNA to generate multiple copies of these oncogenes, amplifying their expression without requiring alterations to the chromosomal structure. This amplification grants the cancer cells a competitive edge in growth. ecDNA plays a crucial role in the advancement and growth of cancer, as it amplifies oncogenes, genetic diversity, and resistance to treatments. Its adaptable and ever-changing characteristics empower cancer cells to adjust to external influences such as medication. Gaining insights into ecDNA's operations and impacts could lead to new possibilities for diagnosing and treating cancer, as well as developing therapies aimed at this distinct DNA structure.

High ecostoichiometric stability and accumulating SiO2 and NO3− as main physiological adaptive mechanisms for reed to adverse environments

Previous studies have shown that nutrients accumulation played important roles in resisting to stress resistance of plants. Our study examined the ecostoichiometric internal stability (EIS) of nutrients accumulation and, concomitantly identified the main resistant regulating substances and their contributions to stress resistance of reed (Gramineae) in arid desert areas. Plants (digging method) and soil samples (quartering method)) obtained from sand dune (SD), desert steppe (DP), interdune lowland (IL), saline meadow (SM) and wetland (W) habitats were brought back to the lab for nutrients analysis. Results indicated that soil nutrients differed obviously, while reed maintained relatively stable ratios of SiO2: N, N: K, and P: K when the eco-environments changed in different habitats. Furthermore, reed exhibits common adaptive characteristics by mainly accumulating large amounts of SiO2 (122.6–174.0 g/kg) and NO3− (166.1–216.6 g/kg), as well as moderate levels of soluble sugar (SS: 24.0–55.0 g/kg), which are mainly stored in leaves for stress resistance. The contribution of ions to stress resistance was 80.03%–91.15% (with SiO2 and NO3− accounting for 54.91%–63.10%), whereas the contribution of solutes was only 8.85%–19.97% (with SS contributing to 5.14%–10.91%) in different habitats. These findings suggest that maintaining relatively high EIS, while still accumulating SiO2 and NO3− as main physiological regulators might be an effective strategy for reed to positively respond to adverse habitats, which provide a strong theoretical basis and technical reference for searching useful methods for restoration and reconstruction of the degraded ecosystems in desert oasis regions.

Ideal construction and adaptation: experiences and implications of idyllic urban planning in Tel Aviv

ABSTRACT As one of the earliest representatives of the garden city concept, Tel Aviv has developed a unique system of urban space under the influence of Zionism, the modern movement and globalisation. The theory of the idyllic city was proposed at the beginning of industrialisation and urbanisation in the 20th century, and is now widely used in the practice of new town construction and urban regeneration. However, the idyllic city is not only a formal expression of concentric circles and parks, but also has wider applications and intrinsic social significance. Through a historical and social contextualisation of Tel Aviv’s idyllic city development over time, we synthesise and compare the early Jewish theory of the idyllic city, the application and adaptation of the idyllic city in Tel Aviv, the strategic planning for sustainable development, and the application of idyllic city planning in today’s new towns. The “adaptive characteristics” of the idyllic city are understood in the context of the “survival and retention” of the plan, providing a reference for the better application of the idyllic city concept in the new era of urban planning to achieve the sustainable development of human beings, society and nature.