Adam De Research Articles

Skreen, County Meath—from ancient burial ground to medieval manorial village

Abstract: This paper presents the results of the first detailed archaeological survey of the Hill of Skreen, an important multiperiod site that is closely linked—topographically, historically, and symbolically—with the Hill of Tara, 3km to its west. Skreen's early ancestry as a burial ground laid a foundation for the establishment, in or before 976, of a church dedicated to Colum Cille ( Scrín Columb Chille ) and, some two hundred years later, an Anglo-Norman manor. Few extant remains of pre-Anglo-Norman date survive and, beyond the Columban church and motte marking the caput of the manor granted to Adam de Feypo, an array of low-relief earthworks provides the only visible trace of an associated settlement. High-resolution aerial and geophysical surveys conducted as part of the Discovery Programme's Tara Research Project, combined with documentary and cartographic evidence, reveal the wider imprint of past occupation at Skreen in remarkable detail. There is now evidence to suggest that the church is circumscribed by a large, subrectangular enclosure and that this putative ecclesiastical boundary may be an original feature of the Columban foundation. The Anglo-Norman manorial settlement that developed around the church and castle, moreover, is shown to be far more extensive, and indeed significant, than previously recognised. The core area of the medieval village of Skreen, extending to more than 30ha, was demarcated by an earthwork boundary, of hexagonal plan, and encompassed a complex network of roads, property divisions, domestic and agricultural buildings, enclosures and fields. These bear witness to the vibrant and dynamic 'market settlement' of which we catch such intriguing glimpses in contemporary historical records. Skreen thus presents a case study of particular relevance to the field of medieval settlement studies, with significant potential for further research.

Музикалната тема в тенебризма

The text unfolds a fascinating narrative through four paintings: 1/ Adam de Coster, “Man Singing by Candlelight”, 2/ “Master of Candlelight”, before 1650, “Singing Boy” and 3/ “Master of Candlelight”, 1650, “Singing Boy”. Using candle-singing as a guiding principle, important pictorial concepts such as Caravaggism, “Flying Birds”, Bambochanti, Kiaroscuro and Tenebrism, are introduced and differentiated.

Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body

Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body

The Human Kaboom by Adam Rubin

Reviewed by: The Human Kaboom by Adam Rubin Wesley Jacques Rubin, Adam The Human Kaboom; illus. by Marta Altés, Daniel Gray-Barnett, Rodolfo Montalvo, Daniel Salmieri, Adam de Souza, and Gracey Zhang. Putnam, 2023 [416p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780593462393 $18.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780593462416 $10.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R* Gr. 4-8 “The Human Kaboom” acts as the prompt—and all of the titles—for the six stories in this explosively eclectic collection of illustrated stories, which author Rubin hopes will inspire creativity in readers. These particular kabooms deliver that motivation with aplomb, from a swanky hotel’s not-quite murder mystery to a near-future where siblings outsmart some thick-headed rock monsters to a blind tight-rope walker’s final performance. While shared humor and a propensity for the outlandish tie the stories together on some stylistic levels, the varying approaches to the prompt also share an unexpectedly raw depth; several characters lose loved ones tragically, love is bittersweet, and even tremendous superpowers are shown in a dark, violent, isolating light. A unique popcorn recipe follows Rubin call’s for kaboom-y story submissions to end the book, giving readers options for their explosive creativity. Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Le jeu de la feuillée d’Adam de la Halle : une sournoise noise contre la pathologie virale de l’idéologie courtoise féodale

The present study provides a better understanding of the affinities between literature and history. This is to say more explicitly that the defects assimilated to viral pathologies which have infected the populations of Arras, the authorities (political, religious, paternal) in particular, are similar to that which the world has known for a few months, to namely the Coronavirus pandemic, also called the COVID-19. The new social order, which the latter requires, justifies the focus on the aristocratic elite who happens to be in perfect connivance with the clergy. The structural or hierarchical rearrangement of social relations accounts for a certain weakening or annihilation of the unconditional supremacy of which this elite claims the prerogative through courtly ideology. The downfall of the said elite infected with viral defects allows Adam de la Halle to initiate, through his main character Adam, a healing odyssey, under the prism of generic subversion. This translates, moreover, in a dramatic form tested positive which rubs shoulders and harmoniously forms one with many other literary genres of the medieval period, considered in turn as contact cases.

A Description of lethal lead Intoxication in Dante’s Divine Comedy

Dante Alighieri is one of the most important authors of Italian and worldwide literature. He achieved lasting worldwide fame with his Divine Comedy. In this work, he reveals an impressive ability to describe medical matters. In this paper we discuss the case of Master Adam the Englishman (Magistro Adam de Anglia) presented in the Inferno as a possible case of lead intoxication induced chronic renal insufficiency.

Byland Revisited, or, Spectres of Inheritance

ABSTRACT This article explores the connections between ghosts and medieval law. It revisits the final story from the famous Byland Abbey collection, concerning the sister of Adam de London and a disputed inheritance, and demonstrates the historicity of the people involved using legal evidence. This opens up a reading of the story in which legal ideas are central to the framing and narrative; I suggest that the ghost manifests a fear of the destruction of inheritance. I then move to argue that the law of inheritance in later medieval England was dependent on a ‘spectral reasoning’, in which the wishes of those who granted property to their children took on an outsized, supernatural agency. Finally, I suggest that this comparison helps to reveal not only the strangeness of inheritance as a legal concept, but also the ways in which it has continued to structure inequality into our own time.

Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body by Cary Howie

Reviewed by: Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body by Cary Howie Katharine Jager Cary Howie. Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body. Manchester Medieval Literature and Culture. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020. 190 pp. $130.00. Cary Howie's Transfiguring Medievalism: Poetry, Attention, and the Mysteries of the Body is a series of comparative readings, or what he calls "an especially concentrated set of turns and returns" (53), that range across a wide selection of texts including contemporary American lyric poetry, Italian and French medieval poetry, medieval theology and hagiography, and twentieth-century continental philosophy. In a delicate, beautiful mash-up, Howie presses together seemingly disparate texts to marshal claims about meditation, theology, desire, and the bounds of the embodied self. Comprising nine brief chapters, the book is also framed by a series of Howie's original free-verse poems or "interludes" that reflect concerns with lyric [End Page 405] questions of praise, deixis, prayer, and belief, expressed in a diction that is simultaneously casual ("face down / ass up, that's the way we like"; xi) and theological (as expressed in the title on Interlude 2: "Puking Prayer"; 125). As he notes, "the poetic word is always an incarnate word, a tongue, a body spoken and speaking," and poetry itself "takes place in and as religious discourse, conceptual argument, God-talk, prayer" (9). Howie begins with an analysis of American poet Mary Szybist's poem "The Troubadours, Etc.," which he uses to ground his notion of "transfiguration," or an embodied, spiritual "light that makes something newly visible, even as it appears to disappear" (1). "Transfiguration" guides Howie's concept of "lyric medievalism," or the ways that the contemporary poets he reads "have started to sound like medieval theologians, or, in fact, like certain holistic modern readers of medieval theology, especially in their accounts of the human body in its limitations and at its limits" (147), and he presses twentieth-century anglophone poetry against medieval theological texts. For instance, Howie's first chapter, "Toward Transfiguration," reads Laura Kasischke, Matt Donovan, the account in Matthew's Gospel of the hemorrhaging woman reaching for Christ's hem, Linda Hull, Aquinas, Augustine, Marie Howe, and Marilynne Robinson's novel Gilead, to argue that "to be transfigured is to undergo, at the surface of the body, an intensification of this body that does not leave it intact, if by 'intact' we understand all too literally, 'untouched'" (24). His second chapter, "Saints, Poets, and Other Crossover Artists," extends this concern for the body's edges and apertures. Using Barbara Newman's concept of the medieval crossover artist to weave readings of sci-fi; mid-century American fiction; Boccaccio; philosophy; theology; medieval studies; and the lyrics of Mary Karr, Kasischke, and Mary Oliver, Howie argues that these writers are able to express "something so fundamentally accommodating of the world—its ugliness, its beauty—that it challenges the very discursive and categorical prejudices of our critical language" (44). Chapter 3, "Monastic Poetics," is Howie's strongest chapter. In it, he considers discretio across and through readings of Jane Hirshfield, Foucault, the Conferences of John Cassian, Benedict's Rule, Paul's first letter to the Corinthians, Thomas Merton on Mark Van Doren, Guigo II the Carthusian's Ladder of Monks, Melissa Range's "Shell White," and Marilyn Hacker's "Annunciation, 8 A.M." Howie argues here that monastic poetics, in its use of discernment and discipline, is "not afraid to find occasions for prayer in situations of impurity" (68). His fourth chapter, "Waiting for the Middle Ages," considers Catherine Brown, Carla Freccero, and Carolyn Dinshaw's [End Page 406] recent claims about temporality and medievalism to wonder "how we, singularly and in common, are taken by the objects and the persons we attend to and how they, more often than not, if we wait for and with them, take us by surprise" (74–75). Howie reads Beroul's Tristan; Adam de la Halle's Le jeu de Robin et de Marion; Dante's Inferno, XVI; Bernard of Clairvaux; Caroline Bynum; Marie Howe's "The Gate"; theology; literary criticism; and philosophy; as well as Paul's letter to the Romans; to...

Medieval pilgrimage and devotion

The recordings considered here span medieval music favourites from the estampies copied in the Chansonnier du Roi (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds français 844) to the devotional music of composers John Dunstaple, Johannes de Lymburgia and Walter Frye. These discs also represent careful and innovative programming, introducing the listener to lesser-known works and showcasing the beauty and variety of their chosen repertory. There is much to enjoy and learn about through these outstanding new releases. Hic et nunc (Licanus cdm1641, rec 2016, 64′), performed by La Capella de Ministrers and directed by Caroles Magraner, draws its inspiration from the 13th-century pilgrimages of Raymond Lully. Lully lived at a time of great cultural change on his native island of Majorca, which had only recently been recaptured from Muslim control. His pilgrimages took him to countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, including Italy, France, Tunisia and the Middle East. The performances therefore draw liberally on practices that include Arabic instruments and styles, presenting repertory that is found in European manuscripts as well as exploring improvisation and arrangement. The instrumental palette is appropriately wide, including vielle, cornamuse, duduk, gittern, citole, saz, oud and percussion, and this range of sounds is paced across the album so that pieces from divergent traditions are brought into dialogue and create a coherent and very beautiful sequence. Adam de la Halle’s Fi, maris, de vostre amour opens with a gentle, reedy organ before being joined by parallel melodic lines on strings and rhythmic percussion―a sensitive interpretation that reminds us that learned, clerical music is also well suited to entertainment. Those who know Alpha, bovi et leoni from the Las Huelgas Manuscript will enjoy its reflective instrumental version, which is introduced and accompanied by a single-pitched bell. Among the dance pieces, the Saltarello from the Chansonnier du Roi is played with conventional spirit on pipes and percussion, and there is delicacy in the estampies from the same source. The standout tracks, arguably, are those featuring music from North Africa, such as the wonderfully exuberant Zurni Trngi. Quant ay lo mòn consirat concludes the pilgrimage with a performance worthy of a medieval Catalan festival.

Abstract A105: Trends in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) incidence in the US from 2000-2016

Abstract Objectives. The causes of ALL are determined in part by genetic factors but less clear is the role of the environment. Temporal and demographic changes in incidence may help illuminate causes and help direct new lines of research. We sought to investigate in the US from 2000-2016, 1) the distribution of ALL incidence by race/ethnicity, 2) trend change in ALL incidence and 3) the association between ALL incidence and location of birth (US or a foreign country) among different ages and race/ethnicity groups. Methods. We used data from the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Registry. Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated for people of Latino ethnicity (all races), Non-Latino (NL) White, NL Black, NL Asian and Pacific Islander (API), NL American Indian, and Alaskan Native (AIAN). Trends of ALL from 2000 to 2016 were evaluated with the annual percent change (APC) of AAIRs. We further used a Poisson regression model with standardized population offset to analyze the association between the community-level percent of people born in a foreign country and the AAIR of ALL among NL Whites, NL Blacks, and Latinos. The analyses were stratified by race/ethnicity and age groups, and adjusted for sex, year of diagnosis and socioeconomic position (SEP, identified with a time-dependent Yost index variable from census tract). Results. Among 23,829 individuals of all ages diagnosed with ALL from 2000 to 2016 in the US, 8,297 were Latinos, 11,714 were NL Whites, and 1,639 were non-Latino Blacks. Compared to NL Whites (AAIR=1.56), the AAIR was significantly higher for Latinos (AAIR=2.43; p<.001) but lower for NL Blacks (AAIR=0.95; p<.001). The AAIR increased significantly from 2000-2016 overall (APC=0.97; 95% CI:0.67, 1.27), with the highest increase in Latinos (APC=1.18; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.60). The AAIR for NL Whites, APIs, and AIANs remained stable during the study period. In adjusted models, AAIRs increased significantly with the percent of foreign-born for NL Whites (p-trend<.001) and Blacks (p-trend<.001), but decreased with the percent of foreign-born for Latinos (p-trend<.001). This finding was consistent for all age groups. Conclusion. The Age Adjusted Incidence Rates (AAIRs) of ALL from 2000-2016 were highest among Latinos compared to other ethnic groups. Latinos had the fastest increase in AAIR in this period, which was significant in the childhood, young adult, and older adult age groups. Our analysis showed several intriguing trends relating to ethnicity and country of origin which remain unexplained in the scientific literature. Most notably, we show that previously-noted increases in the incidence of ALL for Latinos have continued to climb, in both children and adults, establishing this group as the most highly burdened with this disease. These trends should help direct future research into risk identification and disease prevention in the most vulnerable populations. Citation Format: Qianxi Feng, Maria Vergara-Lluri, Ivo Muskens, Roberta McKean-Cowdin, Scott Kogan, Russell Brynes, Adam de Smith, Joseph Wiemels. Trends in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) incidence in the US from 2000-2016 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A105.

Choosing a Thirteenth-Century Motet Tenor: From the Magnus liber organi to Adam de la Halle

This article explores trends and motivations in the selection of plainchant and vernacular song quotations as the foundations of thirteenth-century motets. I argue that particular tenor melodies that received only cursory treatment in the liturgical polyphony of the Magnus liber organi were adopted in motets on account of their brevity and simplicity, characteristics that enabled their combination with upper-voice song forms and refrain quotations. Demonstrating a preference for short and simple tenors within the earliest layers of the motet repertoire, I trace the polyphonic heritage of the tenor omnes, whose simple melody enabled its combination with another more obscure plainchant quotation, aptatur, in a unique double tenor motet. I propose that motet creators—while sensitive to the semantic connotations of tenor texts—exploited the musical ability of tenor quotations to be combined with or stand in for other musical quotations. Newly identifying a plainchant tenor source in a motet by Adam de la Halle, I show that Adam's polyphonic motet quotations of his own three-voice polyphonic rondeaux were achieved by the careful selection of motet tenors to replicate the freely conceived lowest voices of these preexisting rondeaux. The article further reveals profound modal and melodic similarities between the quotations chosen as thirteenth-century motet tenors and the newly composed lowest voices of polyphonic rondeaux and English pes motets. It offers new perspectives on the relationship between the “elite” genre of the motet and types of polyphony that are less well attested in written sources, often considered to inhabit a more “popular” realm of musical practice.

Abstract CT081: Pediatric precision medicine program in recurrent tumors: Results of the first 500 patients included in the European MAPPYACTS molecular profiling trial

Abstract MAPPYACTS (NCT02613962) is an international prospective precision medicine study recruiting children and adolescents with recurrent/refractory malignancies. Design: Patients < 18 years at diagnosis underwent on-purpose tumor biopsy/surgery of recurrent/refractory malignancies for molecular characterization by WES and whole RNA sequencing. Results were reviewed in a dedicated weekly molecular tumor board (MTB), followed by discussion with the treating physician in a clinical MTB (CMTB). Whenever possible, patients were enrolled subsequently in clinical trials based on CMTB recommendations. In parallel, plasma was collected for cell free DNA (cfDNA) analysis by WES (100x) and capture sequencing (> 2000x) targeting alterations identified by tumor WES. Results: From February 2016 to October 2018, 500 patients have been included in 17 centers in France, Italy and Ireland. Median age at inclusion was 13 years (range, 1-33). 38% had sarcomas, 28% brain tumors, 22% other solid tumors, 12% hematological malignancies with a median of one prior relapse/progression. Eleven patients were excluded (10 screening failures, 1 consent withdrawal). 489 patients underwent 525 interventions: biopsy (57%), surgery (34%), blood/bone marrow (9%), in 55% done to metastatic sites. Molecular profiling was performed in 433 patients (88%) and was contributive for 390 patients. Known pathogenic germline variants were identified in 33 patients (8%). For 271/390 patients (70%), there were at least one genetic alteration that could represent a potential therapeutic target. A total of 548 ”actionable” alterations were identified (311 SNV, 208 focal CNA, 29 gene fusions). Overall 448 treatment recommendations were given, 1 to 5 per patient (median 2) and 8% had alterations considered as “ready for use” for treatment at relapse. Recommendations involved mainly cell cycle checkpoint (n=97), PI3K/AKT/mTOR (n=83) and RAF/MAPK (n=68), cell cycle (n=67), growth factor receptor signaling (n=62) and DNA damage repair (n=33). Follow-up information is available for 197 patients discussed in the CMTB before January 2018. Fifty-six patients (28%) were treated with a matched targeted agent, 48 of them in a clinical trial, mostly in our proof-of-concept AcSé-ESMART trial. CfDNA WES of the first 40 samples revealed at least 1 tumor specific SNV in all cases, with a mean of 38% of SNVs seen in the tumor also displayed in cfDNA (range, 2-89%) and correlation between cfDNA quantity and percentage of tumor SNVs in the cfDNA (p=0.02). Conclusion: MAPPYACTS underlines the role of precision medicine approaches to identify actionable molecular alterations in recurrent pediatric cancer enabling access to innovative treatment through early clinical trials. The impact of surrogate approach based on cfDNA testing to identify targetable genetic alterations is currently under evaluation. Citation Format: Pablo Berlanga, Gudrun Schleiermacher, Ludovic Lacroix, Gaelle Pierron, Tiphaine Adam de Beaumais, Mathieu Chicard, Yasmine Iddir, Jean Yves Scoazec, Paul Freneaux, Mohamed Amine Bayar, Sophie Cotteret, Samuel Abbou, Michela Casanova, Cormac Owens, Stefan Michiels, Olivier Delattre, Gilles Vassal, Birgit Geoerger. Pediatric precision medicine program in recurrent tumors: Results of the first 500 patients included in the European MAPPYACTS molecular profiling trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT081.

Abstract 3241: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have increased arginase 2 at birth, implicating immunosuppression in leukemogenesis

Abstract Background: Epidemiologic evidence points to a role for infection and immune development in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Emerging evidence suggests that in utero immunosuppressive processes, along with immaturity at birth, cause immune hyporesponsiveness to commensal microbes and susceptibility to early childhood infections. A key regulator of active immunosuppression within the neonatal environment is arginase 2, which is produced by CD71+ erythroid cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Arginase-dependent arginine depletion is suspected to aggravate both infections and tumor growth (the latter in adult settings) due to suppressed T-cell function by downregulation of TCR-CD3ζ. Studies have shown that immune vulnerability of the preterm neonate is critically related to arginase-dependent arginine depletion, but none have investigated this neonatal immunosuppression in relation to ALL. Methods: Children were identified via California Cancer and Vital Statistics Registries, and their neonatal dried bloodspots derived from the California Genetic Disease Screening Program. Children were born in California between 1999 and 2009, with ALL cases being 0-15 years of age at diagnosis. 137 ALL cases and 500 controls (frequency matched on birthdate, gender, and ethnicity) were analyzed. Arginase 2 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with total serum-protein levels measured using the Pierce BCA protein assay. Arginase 2 levels in the analyses were adjusted for total serum protein and analyzed both as a continuous variable and as quartiles based on the distribution among controls. Adjusted unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for the association between neonatal arginase 2 and ALL with assay plate variance structure accounted for using cluster methods. Results: Arginase 2 levels in neonatal dried blood spots were significantly higher among cases with ALL than controls (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02-1.80, p = 0.03). The highest quartile of arginase 2 levels differed significantly from the lowest (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.04-3.41, p = 0.03), while the intermediate quartiles had a trend towards higher arginase 2 levels (p for trend: 0.02). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that children with ALL have significantly higher immunosuppression at birth due to increased arginase 2. A high neonatal level of this enzyme, an important downregulator of T-cell activity, may lead to altered immune responses to antigenic stimulation and infection during early childhood and potentially impact the immune system's capability to react against nascent cancer. In addition to previously discovered prenatal mutations, this new finding of an immunosuppressed environment at birth contributes to our understanding of early events in the development of ALL. Citation Format: Amalie B. Nielsen, Mi Zhou, Adam de Smith, Lucie McCoy, Helen Hansen, Paige Bracci, Libby Morimoto, Scott Kogan, Catherine Metayer, Xiaomei Ma, Joseph Wiemels. Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have increased arginase 2 at birth, implicating immunosuppression in leukemogenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3241.

A School of Others: Jean-Nicholas Jager, Richard Hurrell Froude, Benjamin Harrison, and John Henry Newman's Turn to the Development of Doctrine

A School of Others:Jean-Nicholas Jager, Richard Hurrell Froude, Benjamin Harrison, and John Henry Newman's Turn to the Development of Doctrine Michael J. G. Pahls (bio) John henry newman penned his public Letter to the Duke of Norfolk on 27 December 1874 in response to Prime Minister William Gladstone's own published attacks regarding the doctrine of papal infallibility. Gladstone had argued that the newly defined doctrine would require a "renunciation of moral and mental freedom," provoking "civil disloyalty" among English Catholics.1 In response, Newman ventured a more winsome presentation for the new dogma, mitigating implications so as to allay fears that a foreign pope might subvert the English monarchy by infallible fiat. More intriguing in his defense, however, was Newman's appeal to the ongoing interpretive work of the Schola Theologorum—the "school of theologians." Considering that Gladstone had committed himself to "a representation of ecclesiastical documents which will not hold."2 Newman declared, "None but the Schola Theologorum is competent to determine the force of Papal and Synodal utterances, and the exact interpretation of them is a work of time."3 Shorn of [End Page 5] this necessary process of theological reception, Newman judged that Gladstone's reading was precipitous and at least potentially inaccurate. Gladstone's understanding of the dogma, like his understanding of the English Catholic faithful, was thereby "neither trustworthy nor charitable."4 While numerous treatments of the Catholic Newman's mature conception of the Schola Theologorum have appeared over the years, few have noticed how his regard for the ongoing, collaborative, and interpretive work of theologians finds an important, embodied precedent in the work of the Anglican Newman and in the Oxford Movement of which he was a principal figure.5 This article will explore a discrete period in that broader story wherein the failure of Newman's via media—a proposal constructed in the context of debate with the Catholic Abbé Jean-Nicholas Jager—was brought home to him under the sometimes-painful interrogations of fellow Oxford Movement collaborators, Hurrell Froude and Benjamin Harrison. I argue here that this ongoing theological reception of Anglican doctrine ultimately pressed Newman to acknowledge both the actuality and permissibility of doctrinal development and so anticipated what Newman envisioned for the Schola Theologorum in embodied practice. ENTANGLED IN CONTROVERSY WITH A FRENCH ABBÉ Since 1832, Newman had been at work as a Tractarian, working to buttress the Church of England's flagging high church hegemony in the face of Lord Charles Grey's Whig Government reforms.6 Fully expecting eventual [End Page 6] disestablishment, Newman sought to arm himself and his growing Association of Tory churchmen against the "systematic hatred … borne by Romanists, Sectarians, Liberals, and Infidels" by "poking into the Fathers with a hope of rummaging forth passages of history which may prepare the imaginations of men for a changed state of things, and also be precedents for our conduct in difficult circumstances."7 Those labors evolved into an effort to prioritize an older apostolicity over the Church of England's Elizabethan preoccupation with monarchical establishment. Resigned to life without royal preferment, Newman imagined that the national church's cause could be entrusted to the English faithful directly—"thrown on the people," as he put it, in both an economic and a theological sense.8 Here, the commonplaces of the Oxford Movement's popular Tracts for the Times—defending the apostolic succession of bishops, the liturgical stability of the Book of Common Prayer, the sacramental powers of the clergy, and the divinely established jurisdiction of the church—developed into Newman's more comprehensive via media theory of the English Church when a chance encounter grew into a fervid epistolary debate. It is well-known that the 1837 Lectures on the Prophetical Office of the Church represent Newman's attempt to realize an only-theoretical via media as the "very truth of the Apostles" amid the competing "real" religions of "Protestantism and Popery."9 This work grew out of his "lectures on Romanism," delivered orally [End Page 7] in Adam de Brome chapel of Saint Mary the Virgin in the summer of 1836, but those lectures were immediately preceded by a months-long correspondence...

DANTE'S INFERNO, canto XXX: Imaginary or real liver disease?

This image (Figure 1) shows a glimpse of Hell (Divine Comedy), when Dante Alighieri encounters Master Adam (who, having counterfeited the Florentine money, was burned at the stake in Florence in 1281), and Sinon (who tricked the Trojans with the wooden horse filled with Achaean warriors). Master Adam, an Englishman (magistro Adam de Anglia) (1) has the shape of a lute, a rotting face, and an abdomen bloated by a disease called ‘dropsy’ (“…And one I saw, who like a lute were shaped / if he had only had his groin cut off / down in the region where a man is forked / The heavy dropsy which unmates the limbs / in such a way with ill-digested humor / that face and paunch no longer correspond…/ Divine Comedy, Inferno XXX, 49-54) (2). This horribly deformed sinner constantly craves for water (“…and now, alas, I crave a drop of water / The little brooks which toward the Arno run / down from the Casentino's green-clad hills, / and render all their channels cool and fresh, / are evermore before me, nor in vain / because their image makes me drier far / than this disease, which strips my face of flesh… Inferno XXX,63-69) (2). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Newly-Discovered Addenda to the Trouvère Repertoire

recent article by Vivian S. Ramalingam and F. P. R. Akehurst (1997), A New Trouvere Fragment in The Hague, brings to light a flyleaf of a lost late-thirteenth-century manuscript. 1 The authors established the date of this fragment based on its contents, script, and notational style. Obviously cut from a chansonnier or from a section of a manuscript containing trouvere songs, it was used to bind a codex from the second quarter of the fourteenth century, now located in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek in The Hague and bearing the shelf number 72 J 17. This flyleaf preserves three items: (1) a line of text, obviously from the end of a song, which the editors were unable to identifY; (2) a complete anonymous and otherwise unknown single-stanza song; and (3) music and the first four verses of text of a well-known song by Adam de la Hale (ca. 1230-1288), Puis keje sui de l'amerouse loi.

Through the Silver Screen: The Collaborative Creation of Works for Piano and Video

This article examines my collaboration with British composer, Adam de la Cour, on his work for piano, video and electronics, Transplant the Movie! (2016). I use auto-ethnographic techniques to examine our collaborative relationship as the work was conceived, created and prepared for performance. Transplant the Movie! (2016) takes as its inspiration the subgenre of early horror films that focus on pianists receiving hand transplants from the corpses of deceased criminals, including The Hands of Orlac (1924), Mad Love (1935), The Beast with Five Fingers (1946), and Hands of a Stranger (1962). I worked with Adam de la Cour to film re-enactments of selected scenes, imitating the style of the original films which he then intercut to form the film used in this work. The pianist, at first plays the role of a silent movie pianist accompanying the film, before finding himself transported into it, imitating the action on screen in a process that is both horrific and comedic. The score for the pianist is itself a collage of excerpts from across the canonical piano repertoire creating another layer of intertextual complexity that both enhances and resists the narrative of cut-up horror films on screen, before this relationship unravels in a wild climax where the film becomes a hallucinatory graphic score. In a collaboration where the pianist is a co-creator, a character on screen, and the performer of the finished work, the roles of all the creative participants must remain constantly fluid throughout the process, with the cinematic and musical elements improvised, negotiated and discussed in tandem over many stages. The case-study demonstrates how working across art forms both facilitates and necessitates the need for a unique approach to collaboration, where both composer and performer play a variety of creative roles in the composition and filmmaking processes.

Abstract 2763: Maternal folate intake at periconception and genome-wide DNA methylation modifications at birth in children

Abstract Introduction Folate supplementation during pregnancy was previously associated with a lower risk of acute lymphoblastic childhood leukemia (ALL). Folate is involved in the “one-carbon” metabolic cycle necessary for shuttling methyl groups for DNA methylation. Given the observation that aberrant DNA methylation patterns are a characteristic of leukemic cells during ALL oncogenesis, we hypothesized that (1) low folate exposure during fetal development might modify the neonate's DNA genome-wide methylation pattern, and that (2) such a modified pattern can lead to ALL development. Here we investigate the first part of this hypothesis. Methods We analyzed healthy control participants of the California Childhood Leukemia case-control study. Participants’ peri-conception folate exposure was estimated from self-reported maternal folate intake and supplements, which was derived from a food frequency questionnaire on the diet in the year prior to pregnancy, as a surrogate for nutrient “environment” during the peri-conception period. DNA obtained from archived neonatal blood spots was purified, treated with bisulfite and assayed on the Illumina Infinium 450K genome-wide DNA methylation array. After removing cross-reacting probes, SNP-related and polymorphic CpGs, we analyzed the association of folate with methylation intensity of 319,265 CpGs in two independent datasets (n set 1 = 167 and n set 2 = 176). Models were adjusted for cell mixture, sex, gestational age, and race. We used a false discovery rate with random resampling to reduce the number of false-positive findings and we cross-validated the results between sets. Results Maternal folate intake was broadly associated with less child's DNA methylation: with a q-value <0.05, we found more than 122,000 CpG sites associated with folate intake in common in both sets. Because a fraction of these CpGs were sign discordant between sets, we constrained our analysis to the most significant CpGs, in order to avoid false positive associations. The three most significant CpGs found in common in both sets were negatively associated with folate. First, cg21039708 (chr.14) in the gene OTX2OS1 (q <10-14 in both sets) is implicated in facial and eye defects. Second, cg13499966 (chr.2) in the gene CYS1 (q <10-14 in both sets) is implicated in cystic kidney disease and biliary liver fibrosis. Third, cg22664307 (chr.6) in the gene STX11 (q <10-14 in both sets) is associated with lymphohistiocytosis. Conclusions This study was the first to investigate the association between maternal folate intake during the peri-conception period and DNA methylation at birth with a genome-wide approach and it found numerous associations throughout the genome. The relationships between folate-sensitive CpG sites and DNA methylation events critical to childhood leukemogenesis will be considered in our subsequent research. Citation Format: Semira Gonseth, Ritu Roy, E. Andres Houseman, Adam de Smith, Mi Zhou, Seung-Tae Lee, Sébastien Nusslé, Amanda W. Singer, Margaret R. Wrensch, Catherine Metayer, Joseph L. Wiemels. Maternal folate intake at periconception and genome-wide DNA methylation modifications at birth in children. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2763. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2763

Citation, Intertextuality and Memory in the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives ed. by Giulino Di Bacco and Yolanda Plumley (review)

Reviewed by: Citation, Intertextuality and Memory in the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives ed. by Giulino Di Bacco and Yolanda Plumley Katherine McLoone Citation, Intertextuality and Memory in the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives, vol. 2, ed. Giulino Di Bacco and Yolanda Plumley (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press 2013) x + 259 pp. Like its companion volume, 2011’s Citation, Intertextuality and Memory in the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Text, Music, and Image from Machaut to Ariosto (University of Exeter Press), this collection of essays stems from two workshops (on citation in French lyrics and songs) and a conference on “Citation, Intertextuality, and Memory in the Middle Ages” at the University of Exeter. [End Page 223] With such a thorough pedigree, it is no surprise that this volume continues the strong tradition of presenting numerous case studies that, taken together, illuminate the nuances of the “complex transitions between memorial and literate negotiations” of citation, quotation, and intertextuality in medieval and Renaissance literature, art, and music (2). The first essay in the collection, Jenny Benham’s “Walter Map and Ralph Glaber: Intertextuality and the Construction of Memories of Peacemaking,” sets the pattern followed, for the most part, by the following essays: case studies that explore a particular aspect of memory and intertextuality, followed by a section that examines the larger ramifications of those case studies. As Benham explains, even two accounts of a historical meeting might not lead the modern scholar to an accurate understanding of what happens—instead, “it may only confirm the authors’ use of citation, allusion, and intertextuality” (16). The theme of the instability of memory-studies continues in Sjoerd Levelt’s sprightly essay “Citation and Misappropriation in Geoffrey of Monmouth’s Historia Regum Britannie and the Anglo-Latin Historiographical Tradition. Levelt addresse the tradition of Latinate British histories from Bede to Gerald of Wales to argue that each text in that tradition rewrites, with cheeky emendation, its predecessors in order to exploit gaps and, ultimately, speak to a divided audience of the unwitting public and the expert historiographer. As those essays indicate, we are left with textual artifacts of citation, quotation, and intertextuality from which we must reconstruct mental processes and the representation of those processes. The three essays on musical citation explore precisely that theme, beginning with Anna Maria Busse Berger’s “Orality, Literacy and Quotation in Medieval Polyphony.” Berger examines how medieval musicians (specifically, Perotinus and Oswald von Wolkenstein) engaged their “memorial archive[s]” to conclude that orality and literacy—which we might call two forms of memory—affect medieval polyphonic composition (31). Helen Deeming’s “Music, Memory, and Mobility: Citation and Contrafactum in Thirteenth-Century Sequence Repertories” explores contrafactum, the practice of “substituting a new text to an existing song-melody,” which has the effect of associating the original text with the new one, creating a “virtual polyphony” in which both songs exist “simultaneously … in the mind … of the musician” (68, 69). Memory, citation, and identity are further explored in Jennifer Saltzstein’s “Intertextuality and Authorial Self-Representation in the Music of Adam de la Halle”; Adam’s self-citation—unusual in medieval musical refrains—creates an intertextual identity for the author. But is an intertextual, constructed identity stable? Both R. Barton Palmer (“Centrifugal Allusion and the Centripetal Text: The Example of Guillaume de Machaut”) and Emma Cayley (“Coming Apart at the Seams? Citation as Transvestism in Fifteenth-Century Debate Poetry”) emphasize the instability of citation and memory, and how that instability can affect subjectivity. Cayley examines debate poetry and accompanying illustrations to argue that “citation in the Derridean sense and Butlerian gender performance trouble the reader through their erosion of any stable identity or subject position in the text” (66), while Palmer explores the “discontents of authorship and the drama of the self” in Machaut emphasize on the subjectivity of poetic existence (161). [End Page 224] Of course, to speak of memory and subjectivity without recourse to passion omits a vital component of existence. Both Lina Bolzoni (“The Impassioned Memory in Dante’s Divine Comedy”) and Naomi Howell (“Sepulchral Citations in Twelfth-Century Romance”) address the emotional effect of memory and intertextuality. Bolzoni links Dante’s engagement with mnemotechniques to the...

On connaît la chanson : la contrafacture des mélodies des trouvères dans le Ludus super Anticlaudianum d’Adam de la Bassée

The study of contrafacture – the setting of new words to an old melody -reveals a great deal about the culture in which medieval poets and composers lived and worked. The associations created in the minds of an initiated listening public could aid a composer in augmenting the central message of his work. However, the study of contrafacture proves valuable also for the ways in which it takes us beyond the simple one-way kind of influences at which critics all too often stop. The present article studies three contrafacta from Adam de la Bassée’s Ludus super Anticlaudianum in order to reveal suggestive evidence about the creation and reception of the Ludus and how the study of contrafacture has important implications in regard to trouvère lyric in general.