Acute Aseptic Inflammation Research Articles

Time of sampling is crucial for measurement of cell-free plasma DNA following acute aseptic inflammation induced by exercise

Objectives To determine the time-course changes of cell-free plasma DNA (cfDNA) following heavy exercise. Methods cfDNA concentration, C-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), uric acid concentration (UA), creatine kinase activity (CK) were measured before and post-exercise (immediately post, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, 24 h). Results cfDNA increased (15-fold) 30-min post-exercise and normalized thereafter. hs-CRP increased (56%, p < 0.001) 1 h post-exercise, remained elevated throughout recovery (52–142%, p < 0.0001), and peaked (200% rise, p < 0.0001) at 24 h post-exercise. UA and CK increased ( p < 0.05), immediately post-exercise, remained elevated throughout recovery ( p < 0.0001), and peaked ( p < 0.0001) at 24 h of post-exercise recovery. Conclusions cfDNA sampling timing is crucial and a potential source of error following aseptic inflammation.

YI-846 DELAYED INTERVENTION STUDY WITH AGE CROSS-LINK BREAKER ALT-711 AND ACE-INHIBITOR QUINAPRIL: HOW TO COMBAT DIABETES-ACCELERATED ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Currently a chronic inflammation is considered to be the one of the most important reasons of the atherosclerosis progression. A huge amount of researches over the past few decades are devoted to study the various mechanisms of inflammation in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.To review current capabilities of anti-inflammatory therapy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations.Appropriate articles on inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerosis and anti-inflammatory prevention of atherosclerosis were searched in PubMed Database from their respective inceptions until October 2015.“The role of inflammatory cytokines in the development of atherosclerotic lesions” describes available data on the possible inflammatory mechanisms of the atherogenesis with a special attention to the role of cytokines. “Modern experience of anti-inflammatory therapy for the treatment of atherosclerosis” describes modern anti-inflammatory preparations with anti-atherosclerotic effect including natural preparations. In “the development of anti-inflammatory herbal preparation for atherosclerosis prevention” an algorithm is demonstrated that includes screening of anti-cytokine activity of different natural products, the development of the most effective combination and estimation of its effect in cell culture model, in animal model of the acute aseptic inflammation and in a pilot clinical trial. A natural preparation “Inflaminat” based on black elder berries (Sambucus nigra L.), violet tricolor herb (Viola tricolor L.) and calendula flowers (Calendula officinalis L.) possessing anti-cytokine activity was developed using the designed algorithm. The results of the following 2-year double blind placebo-controlled clinical study show that “Inflaminat” reduces carotid IMT progression, i.e. has anti-atherosclerotic effect.Anti-cytokine therapy may be a promising direction in moderation of atherogenesis, especially when it begins on the early stages of subclinical atherosclerosis. The use of herbal preparations with anti-cytokine mechanism of action is the most perspective for timely prevention of atherosclerosis, as they have no significant side effects and can be prescribed for long-term administration.

NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT IN SKIN WINDOW CHAMBERS – ACTIVATION BY COMPLEMENT

Complement was studied in skin window chambers, a human model of neutrophil recruitment in acute aseptic inflammation. Autologous plasma activated by the alternative pathway served as attractant; control chambers were filled with a balanced salt solution or with non-activated plasma samples. Neutrophil accumulation during a 24-hour period was consistently enhanced by activated complement in all of 15 healthy volunteers. Control chambers showed negligible cell counts. Reference assays revealed 1) consumption of the centrally placed complement component, C3, 2) generation of chemotactic activity as assessed in Boyden chambers by the standard complement activation procedure. Simultaneously obtained responses to activated complement in skin window chambers and in the Boyden assay of chemotaxis showed a highly significant, positive correlation. Our results demonstrate that the biological capacity of complement includes stimulation of neutrophil migration during simulated in vivo conditions and thus extends previous observations in animals.

Components of the plasma kinin system in rabbits with acute inflammation

At the height of development of acute aseptic inflammation of the subcutaneous cellular tissue the plasma kinin system in the general circulation becomes activated, as reflected in an increase of 1.5–2 times in kallikrein activity, an increase of 1.5–3 times in kininase activity, and a decrease of 25–26% in the kininogen level. The conditions are created for increased generalized formation and accumulation of free kinins, the mediators of the second phase of the disturbances of vascular permeability in inflammation.