Body Activity Research Articles

СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОЇ ПРОЦЕДУРИ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ

B a c k g r o u n d . In Ukraine, administrative procedures are gaining more and more importance, within the framework of which the realization of the rights, freedoms and interests and duties of a person is guaranteed. The specified issue becomes relevant also due to the implementation of the Association Agreement, which leads to the acceleration of the pace of bringing national legislation in line with European standards. The understanding of the issue of definition and peculiarities of the application of the administrative procedure by public administration bodies is also acquired in the aspect of the implementation of the Public Administration Reform Strategy of Ukraine for 2022-2025, among the priority tasks of which is the provision of high-quality, convenient services, as well as understandable procedures for individuals and legal entities. The purpose of the study is to outline the essence and features of the administrative procedure in public administration, taking into account the state of development of this issue in the scientific literature. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were defined: generalize theoretical developments and define the concept and essence of the administrative procedure; to reveal the peculiarities of the implementation of the administrative procedure in the activities of public administration bodies for further reflection in legislative acts. M e t h o d s . The author used a complex of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The methodological basis of the research is the general scientific dialectical method, which made it possible to clarify the essence of the administrative procedure. The application of methods of analysis and synthesis provided an opportunity to distinguish relevant concepts and phenomena, to reveal their special features. The modeling method was applied during the development of conclusions regarding the definition, meaningful filling and implementation by public management bodies of administrative procedures in Ukraine. R e s u l t s . The given scientific views make it possible to understand the administrative procedure as one of the types of procedural activity of public administration bodies for the realization of the rights, freedoms, obligations and interests of individuals and legal entities. The peculiarity of the administrative procedure for the activity of public administration bodies is in the following aspects: to ensure the organization of the activity of public administration bodies; to guarantee the interests of the person, as well as the rights and freedoms of individuals and legal entities; to create a coherent, consistent and effective procedure of actions of public administration bodies for making a management decision; to ensure transparency and openness in the performance of the functions of public administration bodies during the adoption and implementation of organizational and administrative or managerial decisions. The meaningful content of administrative procedures is their constituent structural elements such as participants (public administration bodies and individuals), persons who contribute to the consideration of an administrative case, stages of the administrative procedure, and administrative acts. The author includes the following stages of administrative procedures: initiation of administrative proceedings; preliminary review of documents; consideration of an administrative case; adoption of an administrative act; execution of an administrative act. С o n c l u s i o n s . Due to the adopted codified legislative act on administrative procedure (the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure"), existing urgent key problems and inconveniences of legal regulation of administrative procedure should be resolved and streamlined. By enshrining in national legislation, the general rules and principles of administrative procedure, favorable conditions for legal determination will be created and a guarantee will be provided regarding compliance with the rights of citizens and legal entities when public administration bodies determine their rights and obligations.

Роль фінансових інструментів у реалізації концепції сталого розвитку

The article proves that global economic and environmental crises can significantly undermine the country's financial stability, which emphasizes the need to develop and implement new strategies aimed at sustainable financial support in the sustainable development context. It is argued that in the modern world, rethinking the role of the financial system is becoming an integral part of countries' strategies for achieving sustainable development. It has been studied that in recent years, increased awareness of the risks and challenges associated with the need to comply with the principles of sustainable development has changed attitudes towards investing. It is found that the formation of the green investment model in Ukraine faces numerous obstacles that constitute systemic challenges for the effective implementation of sustainable investments, including: economic distortions and imbalances in the Ukrainian economy; technological backwardness and the lack of "clean" technologies for commercial implementation; structural disparities in the economy due to the underestimation of the importance of innovation and investment activity; the low level of coordination of actions of various State administration bodies in the field of State regulation; the institutional weakness of the financial sector of Ukraine. The effect of the introduction of the green bond market has been studied. Areas of prospective cooperation within the framework of the Green Deal have been determined.

Restoring Dental Rubbles Using an Overlay Removable Partial Denture Fabricated with Digital Technology - A Case Report

Regressive changes of natural dentition may be a physiologic or pathologic process which proceeds to drastic occlusal wear. Loss of incisal or occlusal edge morphology due to functional or parafunctional activity of teeth can be regarded as physiologic whereas frictional action of a foreign body on the teeth or loss of tooth substance due to a chemical process involving bacteria may be termed as pathogenic. These result in loss of occlusal vertical dimension and may elicit occlusal instability compromised function and aesthetics.The treatment modalities for the same are confined to fixed prosthesis for restoration of the lost vertical dimension. But this technique in general is expensive technique sensitive and complex. An Overlay Removable Partial Denture ORPD though rarely reported in the literature can be considered as one of the alternative interim or even a permanent dental prosthesis. The proposed paper is a case report of worn dentition rehabilitated with ORPD. This approach was found to be non-invasive simple and cost effective. The patient on short term follow-up reported with optimal aesthetics and masticatory efficiency. Overall satisfaction and quality of life improved after the treatment.

NARRATIVE ON THE ESSENCE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF GUARANTEEING EFFECTIVE MEANS OF LEGAL PROTECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE

The article examines the principle of guaranteeing effective means of legal protection, which is an important component of the system of principles of administrative procedure and which is implemented, usually at the level of the institute of administrative appeal. The essence of this principle has been established, which manifests itself and boils down to the fact that a person can appeal any decision, action or inaction of an administrative body in an administrative procedure, that is, it is possible to appeal to the subject of the review of the complaint (as a general rule, this is an appeal to of a higher body or an official of an administrative body that adopted an administrative act, procedural decision, action). It was established that the principle of guaranteeing effective means of legal protection has two main components: a) the right of a person to appeal decisions, actions or inaction of an administrative body in the procedure of administrative appeal; b) the duty of an administrative body to inform a person about the method, procedure and terms of appeal of an administrative act that negatively affects the right, freedom or legitimate interest of that person. It was found that the principle of guaranteeing effective means of legal protection is influenced by: a) the norms of the national legal space (the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure" and others); b) provisions of "soft" law of Council of Europe bodies; (c) Convention on Human Rights; (d) decision of the ECHR. Attention is emphasized and it is justified that the implementation of European standards at the level of public administration translates the activity of administrative bodies into a modern format by guaranteeing proper appeal in such a way as to reduce the number of disputed issues, as a result of which the burden on administrative courts will be reduced due to the reduction of the number of appeals. Definition of the main advantages of an out-of-court appeal over a judicial one. It is emphasized the need to carry out complex studies of the principle of guaranteeing effective means of legal protection of the content, taking into account various aspects of the manifestation of the specified principle, in the context of the latest challenges of today.

Análise histórica das condições de subdesenvolvimento em gestão no Brasil: a influência do Banco Mundial para a consolidação do gerencialismo em projetos públicos no Terceiro Mundo

Abstract By adopting the 1990s as a timeframe, this article addresses the influence of multilateral institutions in carrying out development projects in Brazil, based on a historical review of the notion of Development Management (Brinkerhoff & Coston, 1999; Thomas, 1996). Consolidated reports from the World Bank Management Reform period were analyzed to investigate the normative suggestions made by the multilateral agency for the success of the ventures and implementation of investment in the country at the time. The study aligns with Critical Development Studies by presenting the historical development of the management experience in Brazil as a reflection of the power and influence of project management in developing countries. The theoretical framework adopted in this study was the critical perspective from the seminal approach of inter-organizational development projects in this countries by Ika and Hodgson (2014). The results demonstrate how multilateral agencies have operated in Latin America from a managerialist perspective. This novel understanding was developed by surveying the critical factors of the alignment between the management and the principles of globalization to shed light on the interests of the directive actions of international bodies in developing countries. The article concludes with evidence of the World Bank’s performance in cohesion with the development management area and dependence on the Western model for structuring the management apparatus.

PROBLEMS OF VEGETABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE CORNER THE VIEW OF FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to study the impact of the war on the economic availability of food and to estimate the volume of deficits in the production of vegetable products. Methodology of research. Scientific works on the problems of the formation and functioning of the vegetable market became the methodological basis of the research. The following methods used were: dialectical, the method of expert evaluations (when analysing publications and the main opinions of experts on the researched topic), mathematical and statistical (when determining the amount of deficit in vegetable production, determining the share of occupied regions and when analysing the regional structure of vegetable production), systemic analysis (theoretical generalizations, establishing structural connections between the elements of the studied system), abstract and logical (when forming conclusions and recommendations), etc. Findings. An analysis of the current state of vegetable production was carried out. The volumes of the deficit of vegetable production have been established and the share of the occupied regions in the sown areas and gross harvests of vegetables and melon food crops was determined. The reasons for the unsatisfactory state of the vegetable and food sub-complex were established. The general strategy and priority directions for the development of vegetable growing and melon growing and the processing industry were outlined. The volumes of production of vegetable and melon products for the future for domestic needs were determined. Originality. For the first time in the conditions of martial law, the actual volumes of the deficit of vegetable production in the southern regions of Ukraine, which are occupied or affected by military operations, were determined. Scientific and methodical approaches to the formation and functioning of the vegetable market were improved by introducing a mechanism for replacing the deficit in the production of certain vegetables in specific regions. Thus, it is proposed to expand the area of cultivation of vegetables of the borscht group and rare vegetable crops in the western, central and southern regions of the country within 67.0‒80.0 thousand hectares; and heat-loving vegetable crops (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, melon crops) in Mykholaiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Odesa regions within 25.0‒26.5 thousand hectares. In addition, by introducing innovative technologies, scientific support of the industry and increasing the share of specialized large-scale enterprises, increase the yield of vegetables from the existing 20 to 25 t/ha, which, unlike existing approaches, will make it possible to overcome the deficit in the production of vegetables in the amount of 2 million tons and melon food crops at the level of 230‒250 thousand tons. It was determined that in order to minimize the agro-food crisis, ecological threats, as a result of findings military intervention and overcoming the shortage of vegetable and fruit products on the domestic market, it is necessary to take the proposed measures aimed at supporting their effective production as soon as possible. Practical value. The implementation of the proposed proposals will allow solving the issue of economic independence of individual regions, food security of communities and increasing the level of coordination of the system of actions of management bodies, business entities, scientists and investors on the basis of sustainable development in the conditions of post-war recovery of the country. Key words: food, food crisis, ecology, vegetable growing, production, consumption, innovative development.

Finite Element-Based Simulation Analysis of Wetland Plant Mechanics

Despite tidal action, which is influenced by sea level rise, having a substantial impact on plant communities, salt marsh plant communities in coastal wetlands also act as a coastal zone barrier. Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora were selected for the experiment in the Yellow River Delta wetland. The mechanical characteristics of the plants in the Yellow River Delta were investigated by field sampling, and the mechanical experimental data were used to simulate plant stresses under natural conditions using the ANSYS model based on finite element theory. The results are as follows: Assuming that the 2 plants have the same stem diameter, the deformation of S. alterniflora is greater than that of P. australis under both static tension and pressure conditions, confirming the phenomenon that the P. australis material has stronger strength resistance properties. When this model was applied to the force analysis in the natural state, it was discovered that the material strength attribute of P. australis is higher than that of S. alterniflora . From the perspective of morphology and structure, the stout stem of S. alterniflora can greatly alleviate the stress of itself under external force and greatly reduce the invasion effect of external force because field conditions are limited and do not reflect immediate mechanical feedback. The model simulation provides a way to accurately and efficiently obtain the mechanical action of plant body when discussing the mechanical action similar to wave action on plant stem and to explain some ecological phenomena from the perspective of mechanics.

Stance in Flemish Sign Language

Abstract In this contribution, we offer a first exploration of stance expressions in Flemish Sign Language (VGT). Biber and Finegan (1989) define stance as the expression of feelings, attitudes, judgments, commitments, and assessments. The few studies focusing on stance in signed languages have shown that stance can be expressed by various structures and mechanisms such as lexical signs, manual gestures (e.g., Palm Up gestures) and embodiment/mental space blends. We will examine if these findings apply to Flemish Sign Language, and we will identify other means of expressing stance in VGT. In this exploratory study, we focus on the following questions: (1) which articulators and semiotic resources can be used in Flemish Sign Language to express stance?; and (2) How are visible bodily actions through different articulators integrated temporally in stance expressions? Our study is based on the analysis of about five hours of data from the Corpus Flemish Sign Language. We present examples from our dataset to illustrate that stance can be expressed through a range of structures and mechanisms (such as lexical signs, manual gestures, enactment, and non-manual features), expressed either sequentially or simultaneously by a multitude of articulators. Moreover, we zoom in on the phenomenon of stance-stacking and analyse how multiple stance expressions can be combined in VGT.

Pengaruh Mental Training dan Konsentrasi Terhadap Ketepatan Pukulan Overhead Smash dalam Permainan Bulu Tangkis

Sports coaching and development is part of efforts to improve the quality of Indonesian people directed at improving physical, mental and spiritual health and aimed at forming personality traits and discipline. Mental training includes thoughts, views and images, which in essence is the empowerment of the function of thinking as a controller of the body's actions and responses. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the effect of mental practice of goal setting and learning to shift attention to the accuracy of the overhead smash in badminton games, to determine high and low concentrations on the accuracy of the overhead smash and to analyze mental training and concentration on the accuracy of the overhead smash. This study uses a factorial design method because it is used to conduct experiments with two or more independent variables. The research sample is 40 players. The results showed that there were differences in the effect of mental training goal setting and learning to shift attention on the accuracy of the overhead smash in badminton games with an F count of 16,045 > F table of 4,095. There are differences in the effect of low and high concentration on the accuracy of the overhead smash with F count > F table = 9,850.> 5,860. There is an interaction between mental training and concentration on the accuracy of the badminton smash with a description of the value of Fcount > Ftable = 6,580 > 4,095. Learning to shift attention and high concentration exercises, have a better effect on the accuracy of the overhead smash in badminton games.

Accountability of local government bodies in the conditions of decentralization of power in ukraine: theoretical and legal aspects

The article describes the principle of accountability of local self-government bodies in the conditions of decentralization of power in Ukraine.Decentralization as one of the reforms of the public power system is aimed at building a truly democratic and effective governance in Ukraine, in accordance with international and European standards and approaches. An essential feature of such governance is its transparency and accountability.It is proved that the reform of decentralization of power affected the content and purpose of the principle of accountability of local self-government bodies. The modern interpretation of the principle of accountability of local self-government is broader, between the duty of local self-government bodies and their officials to report on their activities.The law establishes minimum requirements for the implementation of the principle of accountability of local self-government bodies in the form of periodic reporting, while broad discretionary powers allow them to form their own communication strategies and plans, to choose various forms of communication and feedback with the community. The principle of accountability of local self-government bodies is closely related to the involvement of the public in decision-making at the local level and the development of public control. It creates the basis for the application of facilitation and mediation practices in the community.Implementation of the principle of accountability is mandatory and requires active and voluntary actions of local self-government bodies and officials. This distinguishes the principle of accountability from the principle of openness. The imperative requirement of accountability is a means of restraining local governments in their autonomy, which has been significantly expanded and deepened as a result of the decentralization of power.The key goal of the reform is the ability, efficiency, independence, self-sufficiency and independence of local self-government from the state. This, in turn, causes a number of risks and threats to the rule of law, anti-corruption security, interests of the community at the local level, etc. Therefore, a properly constructed system of checks and balances in local self-government is perhaps the most effective guarantee of ensuring the rule of law. In this system, the principle of accountability has a leading role, therefore it deserves systematic scientific attention.

DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMUNICIPAL COMMUNITY COOPERATION: STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES

The relevance of the problem of ensuring the development of inter-municipal cooperation of territorial communities and in particular the strategizing of this process is revealed. The purpose of the study was to improve methodological recommendations for strategic planning of the development of inter-municipal community cooperation in Ukraine. It is shown that intermunicipal cooperation has a high potential for accumulation and effective use of local resources, ensuring social and economic development. It is pointed out that the development of inter-municipal cooperation of communities is able to ensure the achievement of real economic independence and self-sufficiency of territories, especially those communities that are currently subsidized or depressed. It is emphasized that inter-municipal cooperation of communities in the field of local economic development begins with the identification of partner communities and common economic interests. On this basis, specific business projects are defined, which will be implemented by joint efforts. It is substantiated that joint business projects are implemented in accordance with the defined goal. It is most appropriate to choose one of the four alternatives: (1) an expansive model of economic development, (2) an intensive growth model, (3) a diversification strategy, (4) an adaptive model of cooperation to ensure local economic development. Intermunicipal cooperation of two or more communities in the economic sphere should be interpreted as a separate business project. Under such an approach, its purpose, ultimate goals, measures to be implemented, and resources to be involved will be clearly defined. The project character of intermunicipal cooperation of communities is given by the fact that such cooperation is oriented, rather, towards achieving a certain common goal than stimulating economic development in one community. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the further development of the methodological foundations of cooperation between territorial communities in the field of economics. The applied value of the research results lies in the formation of the algorithm of actions of local self-government bodies on the way to the development of innovative infrastructure to support innovative business.

Administrative disputes as an integral element of contemporary Russian legal system

The subject. The article is devoted to the study of a wide variety of administrative disputes arising in the Russian legal system, but insufficiently studied by domestic administrative legal science.The purpose of the article is scientific substantiation of the concept, key elements and system of administrative disputes in the Russian Federation, identification of the constitutional foundations for the development of the institute of administrative disputes and proceedings for the resolution of administrative disputes.The methodology of research includes formal logic and systemic approach as well as legal-dogmatic method, method of interpretation of legal norms, method of comparative jurisprudence.The main results, scope of application. An administrative dispute is proposed to be understood as a documented disagreement of a subject of administrative or administrative-procedural legal relations with the decision, action or inaction of a public administration body (official) or another entity implementing or assisting in the implementation of administrative public functions which, in the opinion of the applicant of the dispute violates, infringes or encumbers his subjective right. Such disagreement is addressed to the competent authority (authorized official) of the public administration or the competent court (authorized judge) in order to resolve this disagreement in a special extrajudicial or judicial administrative procedure. The key elements that make it possible to characterize an administrative dispute are: 1) the objects; 2) the matter; 3) the purposefulness of the administrative dispute. The connecting link between the presented elements of an administrative dispute is the subjective right of participants in administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations, or to put it another way – subjective law arising from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations, which is understood as a collective category combining such a well-known legal structure as "rights, freedoms, legitimate interests", as well as individual elements of the administrative-legal status of the applicant of the dispute, established by the administrative-procedural law, which require extra-judicial or judicial protection in an administrative dispute (first of all, procedural guarantees of innocence and good faith).Conclusions. Administrative disputes primarily arise from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations that develop during the implementation of administrative public functions by specialized public authorities and authorized organizations, which in a generalized form are proposed to be called public administration bodies. In some cases, administrative disputes arise from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations in which public administration bodies and their officials do not participate. These administrative disputes arise in connection with the provision of assistance to the public administration in the performance of its administrative public functions.

SIMULATION OF THE DRYING PROCESS OF WALNUTS IN A CONVECTION DRYER

Walnuts are valued in the world for the nutritional and medicinal properties of the fruits and the versatile character of their use. In particular, they are widely used in confectionery, oil and fat, flour milling, pharmaceutical, chemical, fodder, paint and other industries. To ensure the safety of the walnut crop, it is necessary to condition them. Moisture requirements for whole walnuts are not higher than 10%. Moisture content of whole nuts after harvesting can reach 35-45%. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out drying to bring them to condition. Drying of whole nuts in Ukraine is usually carried out under natural conditions in covered, ventilated rooms. This is due to the fact that it is physically difficult to significantly speed up the process of drying whole nuts with the help of special equipment. In addition, it is economically inefficient, as it requires significant expenditure on energy carriers. However, if the volume of walnuts is significant, it is difficult to do without special drying equipment. Therefore, some enterprises apply forced drying of whole nuts with the help of various drying chambers in order to prevent their spoilage. The purpose of the research is to justify the structural and technological scheme of a convective dryer for walnuts and carry out a simulation of the technological process of drying. Based on the results of the research, the structural and technological scheme of the convective dryer for walnuts, which is made in the form of a mixer with a vertical screw working body with a lower flow of warm air, has been developed and substantiated. Using the Star CCM+ software package, the technological process of drying was simulated in the developed convective dryer. A visualization of the process of redistribution (mixing) of walnut fruits in the drying chamber under the action of the screw working body and the distribution of air flow speed and temperature in the drying chamber of the convective dryer was obtained. According to the coefficient of variation, it was established that the quality of mixing is the best (δ = 0.92±0.02) and remains at this level after 392 s from the moment of the start of rotation of the screw working body. It was established that there is a temperature gradient in the working area of the dryer: the temperature in the lower part is 58±2 °С, in the upper part - 43±2 °С. Given the rather fast mixing (392 s), such a temperature difference is not critical. For a more detailed substantiation of the structural and technological parameters of the developed convective walnut dryer, it is necessary to carry out a full-fledged numerical simulation. It is proposed to choose the following research factors: the angle of the cone-shaped grid, the volume of the drying chamber, the diameter, the step and speed of rotation of the screw working body, the speed and temperature of the incoming air flow. The evaluation criteria should be the coefficient of variation of the redistribution of walnut layers, their average temperature, and the lowest air flow rate in the loaded volume of walnuts.

Research of the features of road cleaning in the winter period

The results of the research on road surface cleaning in the winter period are presented. Among the most time-consuming are works to ensure the passability and safety of road traffic in the winter period. They account for a significant part of road maintenance labor costs. At the current stage of the development of equipment designed for the destruction of snow-covered formations, it is possible to divide the devices according to several characteristics: manual devices and tools, according to the principle of action of the working body on the environment - mechanical, ultrasonic, thermal and thermodynamic. The snow cover is treated with reagents that prevent the compaction of snow by the wheels of motor vehicles and preserve its loose properties, and then, depending on the width of the road surface of the one-sided lane, several plow-brush snow plows are included in the work. Plow-brush snow plows have a productivity of 1500...7500 m3/h, rotary snow plows provide a productivity of 500...1375 t/h. To remove ice, mechanical working bodies of shock action are most often used, the working elements of which are in direct contact with the working environment. In general, they can be divided according to the nature of the energy used: vibration, scraping, milling, brushing, combined. The proposed equipment for cleaning roads from ice is attached to the base machine, its feature is that the design of its chipping knives allows not to destroy the road surface during operation.

Effects of spring action of a non-rigid body stamped from 30KhGSA steel sheet on the accuracy of machining

The high mechanical properties of 30KhGSA steel create a spring action effect when a non-rigid box-shaped body is fixed in a machine fixture. Comparisons are made between the results of mathematical simulation of elastic deformations of the base wall of a non-rigid box-shaped body when fixed in a fixture for machining and statistical processing of the results of an experimental study of changes in the dimensions obtained during machining, specified from the base wall of the body, under comparable conditions. The mathematical simulation of elastic deformations of the base wall of a non-rigid box-shaped hull under given conditions and assumptions showed that the displacement curve of the base wall of the body with a concave bottom at a measurement height of more than 50 % of the body height implies displacements approximately two times greater than for the displacement curve of the base wall of the body with a convex bottom. To assess the accuracy of fulfilling the dimensions specified from the base wall of the body, two test batches of non-rigid box-shaped housings were made in an amount of 10 pieces. Bodies with non-flatness of the base surface in the form of concavities were selected in the first batch, in the form of convexities in the second batch. Dimensional measurements were made at a height of 75 % from the bottom of the box body, as the closest to the maximum height values in the mathematical experiment. Statistically significant coefficients are found in the equations of regression of the errors in the dimensions x, y, z from the concavity of the base surface EFK of the bottom of a non-rigid box-shaped body. Regression coefficients for given sizes are ambiguous for bodies with a concave and convex bottom. Such a difference in the experiment can be explained by the presence of local shape errors on some workpieces. For one size there is a tenfold ratio of coefficients; at the same time, for another size in the equations, this ratio is close to unity. Such a difference in the experiment can be explained by the presence of local shape errors on some workpieces.

Zasady ogólne jako podstawa prawna czynności organu administracji podejmowanych w stadium wszczęcia postępowania

The article points to the need to co-apply the general principles of administrative proceedings with the provisions constituting their concretization. This issue was referred to the stage of initiation of the administrative procedure. Attention was drawn to the normative nature of the general principles. The importance of general principles in administrative proceedings is presented. The procedural steps of the administrative body taken at the stage of initiating the administrative procedure are listed. The methods of initiating administrative proceedings were also indicated. Each act of this stage of the procedure was related to the general principles of the administrative procedure. It has been shown that most of the general rules apply at the stage of initiation of the administrative procedure. It has been inferred that these principles have a direct impact on the type and content of procedural actions of the administrative body undertaken at this stage and in the course of directing the activities of the participants in the proceedings.

Action < > Symbol: A generative tension

We experience the world moving continuously through time. Our body actions, the flow of events, the objects around us, are necessarily successive and contiguous. What happens, then, when actions, disappearing in time, are held still? My argument is that learning often involves learning to stop time and motion so as to look AT and document the passage of actions and events. However, we most often learn to stop time and continuous action by introducing symbols (words, images, numbers) representing the stability of objects and things. But this important move in search of understanding often results in unexpected and unwelcome confusion. The scene that follows is an unfolding example: we watch a group of 12-year-old children talking their actions into becoming things. A tension emerges in the ensuing conversation as it hovers between show and tell—or what we may call the generative tension between action and symbol. The activity begins with pairs of children each taking a turn walking in time with a drumbeat across a row of five parallel lines drawn on the floor. Starting out together, one child of each pair will walk across the five lines with each step in-time with the drumbeat. The other child will take two steps per drumbeat with each step half as long and taking half the time of the other child's steps. The two will arrive together on the last line. The lively conversation that ensues hangs on the question, “Who is going faster?”

Categorization learning induced changes in action representations in the macaque STS

Neuroimaging and single cell recordings have demonstrated the presence of STS body category-selective regions (body patches) containing neurons responding to presentation of static bodies and body parts. To date, it remains unclear if these body patches and additional STS regions respond during observation of different categories of dynamic actions and to what extent categorization learning influences representations of observed actions in the STS. In the present study, we trained monkeys to discriminate videos depicting three different actions categories (grasping, touching and reaching) with a forced-choice action categorization task. Before and after categorization training, we performed fMRI recordings while monkeys passively observed the same action videos. At the behavioral level, after categorization training, monkeys generalized to untrained action exemplars, in particular for grasping actions. Before training, uni- and/or multivariate fMRI analyses suggest a broad representation of dynamic action categories in particular in posterior and middle STS. Univariate analysis further suggested action category specific training effects in middle and anterior body patches, face patch ML and posterior STS region MT and FST. Overall, our fMRI experiments suggest a widespread representation of observed dynamic bodily actions in the STS that can be modulated by visual learning, supporting its proposed role in action recognition.

A Two-Stream Neural Network for Pose-Based Hand Gesture Recognition

Pose-based hand gesture recognition has been widely studied in the recent years. Compared with full body action recognition, hand gesture involves joints that are more spatially closely distributed with stronger collaboration. This nature requires a different approach from action recognition to capturing the complex spatial features. Many gesture categories, such as “Grab” and “Pinch,” have very similar motion or temporal patterns posing a challenge on temporal processing. To address these challenges, this article proposes a two-stream neural network with one stream being a self-attention-based graph convolutional network (SAGCN) extracting the short-term temporal information and hierarchical spatial information, and the other being a residual-connection-enhanced bidirectional independently recurrent neural network (IndRNN) for extracting long-term temporal information. The SAGCN has a dynamic self-attention mechanism to adaptively exploit the relationships of all hand joints in addition to the fixed topology and local feature extraction in the GCNs. The proposed method effectively takes advantage of the GCN and IndRNN to capture the temporal-spatial information. The widely used Dynamic Hand Gesture dataset (two evaluation protocols) and First-Person Hand Action dataset are used to validate its effectiveness and our method achieves state-of-the-art performance with 96.31%, 94.05%, and 90.26%, respectively, in terms of recognition accuracy.

Bibliometric Analysis of Psychomotricity Research Trends: The Current Role of Childhood.

Psychomotricity is a wide broad term, which encompasses different bodily action approaches to support children and adolescents to achieve their highest potential. A search on the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database was performed on this topic, using traditional bibliometric laws. Finally, 118 publications (112 articles and 6 reviews) documents were found. Annual publications presented an exponentially growing trend (R2 = 84.7%). Spain was the most productive country/region worldwide. Paola Magioncalda, Matteo Martino y Víctor Arufe Giraldez were highlighted as the most prolific co-authors. "Retos Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación" was the most productive journal and the "International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health", was the second most productive; the third in the list was the most productive in the JCR ranking. Thus, research on psychomotricity is experiencing exponential growth, causing this topic to generate great interest among researchers, publishers and journals. The most cited paper was "Neurocognitive Effects of Alcohol Hangover". The author keywords that were first raised together with psychomotricity were related to rehabilitation and psychomotor development, while the current trend was focused on physical activity and early childhood education.