Chitinase Activity Research Articles

Production of chitinase in elicited tomato cell suspensions and its application as a biopesticide and fungicide against soil-borne pests and fungi

Soil-borne fungi and pests present significant challenges to crop production, causing diseases and reducing yields. This study explores the potential of producing chitinase from tomato cell suspension cultures and its application in controlling soil-borne fungi and pests. Tomato cell suspension cultures were established from seeds, and different elicitors—including chitin, fungal debris, and fungal metabolites—were used to optimize chitinase production. The enzyme was purified, and its physicochemical properties were characterized. Its antifungal activity was tested against various soil-borne fungi, while termiticidal activity was evaluated using four bioassay methods. Additionally, the nematicidal activity of chitinase was assessed against different stages of root-knot nematodes. Results indicated that chitin media induced the highest chitinase production and cell growth compared to other elicitors. The purified chitinase had a molecular weight of 34 kDa, with a maximum velocity (Vmax) of 0.940 μg NAG/min and a Michaelis constant of 1.236 mg colloidal chitin/mL. The turnover number (Kcat) was 1.598 μg NAG/min/mol chitinase. The enzyme exhibited a broad range of activity and stability across varying pH levels and temperatures, as well as remarkable stability under different storage times and in the presence of metal ions. Tomato-derived chitinase demonstrated superior antifungal, nematicidal, and termiticidal activities compared to common chemical fungicides and pesticides. Chitinase was successfully produced from tomato cell suspension culture in this study, highlighting its potential as a biocontrol agent for sustainable pest and disease management in agriculture.

Bacillus australimaris protect Gloriosa superba L. against Alternaria alternata infestation.

Gloriosa superba L., a medicinally important plant, is often affected by leaf blight disease caused by Alternaria alternata, which compromises its productivity. This study explores the protective effects of Bacillus australimaris endophyte (NBRI GS34), demonstrating that its inoculation not only inhibits the disease but also promotes plant growth and increases the concentrations of bioactive metabolites. Co-culturing NBRI GS34 with A. alternata significantly boosts protease (30-50%) and chitinase (6-28%) activities, evidencing a synergistic interaction. Scanning electron microscopy and GC-MS analysis confirm NBRI GS34's antagonistic action and reveal antifungal compounds like undecanoic acid and benzene carboxylic acid in treatments. Greenhouse experiments show a 78% reduction in disease incidence with NBRI GS34 treatment, enhancing vegetative growth and upregulating defense-related genes. Additionally, HPLC analysis reveals increased gloriosine and colchicine concentrations by 52% and 33%, respectively. These findings suggest NBRI GS34 could serve as a sustainable fungicide alternative, enhancing the production of medically valuable compounds and highlighting its potential pharmaceutical applications.

An ILC2-chitinase circuit restores lung homeostasis after epithelial injury.

Environmental exposures increase the risk for severe lung disease, but specific drivers of persistent epithelial injury and immune dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we identify a feedback circuit triggered by chitin, a common component of airborne particles, that affects lung health after epithelial injury. In mice, epithelial damage disrupts lung chitinase activity, leading to environmental chitin accumulation, impaired epithelial renewal, and group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) activation. ILC2s, in turn, restore homeostasis by inducing acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) in regenerating epithelial cells and promoting chitin degradation, epithelial differentiation, and inflammatory resolution. Mice lacking AMCase or ILC2s fail to clear chitin and exhibit increased mortality and impaired epithelial regeneration after injury. These effects are ameliorated by chitinase replacement therapy, demonstrating that chitin degradation is crucial for recovery after various forms of lung perturbation. Thus, the ILC2-chitinase response circuit may serve as a target for alleviating persistent postinjury lung epithelial and immune dysfunction.

Effects of dynamised high dilutions and vegetal extract based on silicon on the growth and induction of resistance in tomato plants against Rhizoctonia solani

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to study the response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Rhizoctonia solani using dynamised high dilutions and plant extract based on silicon. The treatments were Silicea terra (ST), Thuya occidentalis (TO), and Equisetum arvense (EA) at 30CH (Centesimal Hahnemannian dilution order), Equisetum arvense leaf extract (LE), and non-dynamised water as the control. Seeds of tomato cv Marmande were treated overnight. The in vitro bioassays involved assessment of R. solani mycelial growth, seed germination, and seedling development. In the greenhouse experiment, the emergence, root and aerial part development, and disease development were evaluated. Leaves were harvested to analyse concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and chitinase activity. In the in vitro bioassay, LE reduced mycelial growth and TO increased the seedling vigour index, dry weight, and length of seedlings. In the greenhouse experiment, TO and ST increased plant emergence. Tomato plants treated with ST improved the fresh weight and the length of the roots. The disease severity was decreased by ST, LE, and TO. The flavonoid concentration was higher in plants treated with TO and LE. Overall, the treatments of TO, EA, and ST improved the content of phenolic compounds. Moreover, endochitinase and chitobiosidase were activated by LE.

Deciphering genome sequence of Paenibacillus illinoisensis strain YWY-3.1: A chitinase, cellulase, and amylase producer

The chitin-degrading Paenibacillus illinoisensis YWY-3.1 was isolated from the lake water at Yok Don National Park, Vietnam. Previous evaluations reported that strain YWY-3.1 had high activities of chitinases, cellulases, and amylases; it also produced remarkable levels of numerous promoting traits for plant growth. This study aimed to sequence and analyze the genome sequence of strain YWY-3.1 for further explorations and applications in agriculture and related fields. The whole genome sequencing revealed the P. illinoisensis YWY-3.1 genome contained 6,451,623 bp, 47.3 % GC, 5786 coding sequences, 88 tRNA, and 1 rRNA. It shared 95.49 % ANI and 87.1 % dDDH to those of P. illinoisensis NBRC 15959 (GCA 004000925). Among the coding sequences, COG deduced 4,991, and KEGG predicted 2819. The genome harbored 338 carbohydrate-active enzymes, including 195 GHs, 44 GTs, 13 PLs, 37 CEs, 3 AAs, and 46 CBMs; among them, 6 GH18 chitinases, 5 GH5 cellulases, 2 GH10 xylanases, 1 GH11 xylanase, and 2 GH13 α-amylases were identified. It contained 49 genes involved in environmental adaptation and plant growth. Moreover, 7 BGCs, with 3 being novel clusters, were identified from the genome. This work provided insight into the genomic information of P. illinoisensis YWY-3.1 and potential gene resources, especially chitinases, cellulases, xylanases, α-amylases, and novel BGCs for further explorations and applications.

Novel Micrococcus unila to Produce Glucosamine by Solid-state Fermentation of Shrimp Shell Waste

This study aimed to assess glucosamine production through enzymatic activity, utilizing actinomycetes sourced from shrimp shell waste (SSW) in a solid-state fermentation (SSF) process. A total of 16 actinomycetes underwent chitinase activity screening, and the strain exhibiting the highest chitinolytic index was chosen for subsequent morphological and phylogenetic analyses. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze glucosamine produced from the bioconversion of SSW via SSF. Optimal conditions for glucosamine production were determined by varying time, pH, and temperature. Isolate 18D36-A2 showed the highest chitinolytic index of 1.02 in the 32-mm clean zone. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 97% similarity to the genus Micrococcus, identifying it as a novel Micrococcus unila strain 18D36-A2 and deposited in GenBank. This isolate effectively converted shrimp shells. The findings showcase the bioconversion of SSW to glucosamine through SSF using the Micrococcus unila 18D36-A2. Furthermore, this study establishes a foundation for future research on environmentally friendly and sustainable designs for glucosamine production.

Lactobacillus johnsonii is a dominant Lactobacillus in the murine oral mucosa and has chitinase activity that compromises fungal cell wall integrity.

The interactions between the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans and resident oral bacteria are particularly crucial in maintaining oral health. Emerging antifungal drug-resistant strains, slow-paced drug discovery, and the risk of side effects can compromise the effectiveness of current treatments available for oropharyngeal candidiasis. This study advances the search for alternative microbiome-targeted therapies in oral fungal infections. We report that Lactobacillus johnsonii strain MT4 prevents the Candida-induced bloom of dysbiotic oral enterococci and reduces oral mucosal lesions in an oropharyngeal candidiasis murine model. We also show that this strain directly compromises the cell wall and reduces fungal metabolic activity, partly due to its chitinase activity.

Isolation and characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants with increased cell wall chitin using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.

Yeast cell wall chitin has been shown to bind grape pathogenesis-related chitinases that are the primary cause of protein haze in wines, suggesting that yeast cell walls may be applied for haze protection. Here, we present a high-throughput screen to identify yeast strains with high cell wall chitin using a reiterative enrichment strategy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting of cells labelled with either GFP-tagged chitinase or Calcofluor white. To assess the validity of the strategy, we first used a pooled deletion strain library of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The strategy enriched for deletion mutants with genes that had previously been described as having an impact on chitin levels. Genes that had not previously been linked to chitin biosynthesis or deposition were also identified. These genes are involved in cell wall maintenance and/or membrane trafficking functions. The strategy was then applied to a mutagenized population of a commercial wine yeast strain, S. cerevisiae EC1118. Enriched mutant strains showed significantly higher cell wall chitin than the wild type and significantly reduced the activity of chitinases in synthetic model wine, suggesting that these strains may be able to reduce haze formation in wine.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of Oyster Mushroom Spherical Virus Infection in Pleurotus ostreatus.

Oyster mushroom spherical virus (OMSV) is a mycovirus that inhibits mycelial growth, induces malformation symptoms, and decreases the yield of fruiting bodies in Pleurotus ostreatus. However, the pathogenic mechanism of OMSV infection in P. ostreatus is poorly understood. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted, identifying 354 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mycelium of P. ostreatus during OMSV infection. Verifying the RNA-seq data through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on 15 DEGs confirmed the consistency of gene expression trends. Both Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses highlighted the pivotal role of primary metabolic pathways in OMSV infection. Additionally, significant changes were noted in the gene expression levels of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), which are crucial for providing the carbohydrates needed for fungal growth, development, and reproduction by degrading renewable lignocellulose. The activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, laccase, and amylase decreased, whereas chitinase activity increased, suggesting a potential mechanism by which OMSV influenced mycelial growth through modulating CAZyme activities. Therefore, this study provided insights into the pathogenic mechanisms triggered by OMSV in P. ostreatus.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the disease resistance of Lycium barbarum to root rot by activating phenylpropane metabolism.

Root rot is one of the common diseases of Lycium barbarum. Pathogens can cause devastating disasters to plants after infecting host plants. This study investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Rhizophagus intraradices inoculation on phenylpropane metabolism in L. barbarum and evaluated its resistance to root rot. The experiment was set up with AMF inoculation treatments (inoculated or not) and root rot pathogen-Fusarium solani inoculation treatments (inoculated or not). The results showed that AMF was able to form a symbiosis with the root system of L. barbarum, thereby promoting plant growth significantly and increasing plants' resistance to disease stress. The plant height of AMF-colonized L. barbarum increased by 24.83% compared to non-inoculated diseased plants. After inoculation with AMF, the plant defense response induced by pathogen infection was stronger. When the enzyme activity of the leaves reached the maximum after the onset of mycorrhizal L. barbarum, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumaric acid-CoA ligase increased by 3.67%, 31.47%, and 13.61%, respectively, compared with the non-inoculated diseased plants. The products related to the lignin pathway and flavonoid pathway downstream of phenylpropane metabolism such as lignin and flavonoids were also significantly increased by 141.65% and 44.61% compared to nonmycorrhizal diseased plants. The activities of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase increased by 36.00% and 57.96%, respectively. The contents of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were also 17.7% and 31.63% higher than those of nonmycorrhizal plants in the early stage of plant growth, respectively. The results indicated that AMF significantly promoted plant growth and enhanced disease resistance by increasing enzyme activities and the production of lignin and flavonoids.

Metabolic and Antioxidant Responses of Different Control Methods to the Interaction of Sorghum sudangrass hybrids-Colletotrichum boninense.

Colletotrichum boninense is the main pathogenic fungus causing leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids, which seriously impairs its quality and yield. In order to find an efficient and green means of control, this study used the agar disk diffusion method to screen for a fungicide with the strongest inhibitory effect on C. boninense from among several bacteria, fungi, and chemicals. Then, the changes in the plant's antioxidant system and metabolic levels after treatment were used to compare the three means of control. The lowest inhibitory concentration of Zalfexam was 10 mg/mL, at which point C. boninense did not grow, and the inhibition rates of Bacillus velezensis (X7) and Trichoderma harzianum were 33.87-51.85% and 77.86-80.56%, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and chitinase were up-regulated 2.43 and 1.24 folds in the Trichoderma harzianum group (M group) and SOD activity was up-regulated 2.2 folds in the Bacillus velezensis group (X7 group) compared to the control group (CK group). SOD, peroxidase (POD), and chitinase activities were elevated in the Zalfexam group (HX group). The differential metabolites in different treatment groups were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism and production, flavonoid production, and lipid metabolism pathways. Compared with the diseased plants (ZB group), the M, X7, HX, and CK groups were co-enriched in the tryptophan metabolic pathway and glutamate-arginine metabolic pathway, and only the CK group showed a down-regulation of the metabolites in the two common pathways, while the metabolites of the common pathways were up-regulated in the M, X7, and HX groups. In addition, the salicylic acid-jasmonic acid pathway and ascorbic acid-glutathione, which were unique to the M group, played an important role in helping Sorghum sudangrass hybrids to acquire systemic resistance against stress. This study fills the gap in the control of Colletotrichum boninene, which causes leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids. This paper represents the first reported case of biological control for leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids and provides a reference for the control of leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids as well as other crops infected with Colletotrichum boninense.

Genomics, Proteomics, and Antifungal Activity of Chitinase from the Antarctic Marine Bacterium Curtobacterium sp. CBMAI 2942.

This study aimed to evaluate the genomic profile of the Antarctic marine Curtobacterium sp. CBMAI 2942, as well as to optimize the conditions for chitinase production and antifungal potential for biological control. Assembly and annotation of the genome confirmed the genomic potential for chitinase synthesis, revealing two ChBDs of chitin binding (Chi C). The optimization enzyme production using an experimental design resulted in a 3.7-fold increase in chitinase production. The chitinase enzyme was identified by SDS-PAGE and confirmed through mass spectrometry analysis. The enzymatic extract obtained using acetone showed antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Aspergillus sp. series Nigri CBMAI 1846. The genetic capability of Curtobacterium sp. CBMAI 2942 for chitin degradation was confirmed through genomic analysis. The basal culture medium was adjusted, and the chitinase produced by this isolate from Antarctica showed significant inhibition against Aspergillus sp. Nigri series CBMAI 1846, which is a tomato phytopathogenic fungus. This suggests that this marine bacterium could potentially be used as a biological control of agricultural pests.

Sustainable quick quantitative screening for the physiology of chitinases production by Bacillus thuriengiensis gallariae and detection of Aedes aegypti biopesticide activity

Background Chitin is considered the world’s first and most abundant amino-carbon substrate. Objective The proposed method aims to speed up the detection and measuring of microbial chitinase production. Materials and methods Solid-state fermentation, plates, viscosity, and spectrophotometric methods were used to detect microbial chitinase activity. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. Results and conclusion The trailed Bacillus thuriengiensis gallariae strain was differentiated from other tested strains of Bacillus thuriengiensis in terms of mosquito resistance, besides being superior to other studied Bacillus sphaericus. As anticipated, results from the clear zone plates method were not clear compared with the viscosity method where the strain exhibited the best. Worthy, the same result was reached in the color methods. The superlative incubation period for the physiological properties of chitinase production from Bacillus thuriengiensis gallariae was attained after 5 days. Results indicated that the best size of chitin particles was 1 mm, the best percentage of humidity of the growth was 67%, the best inoculum volume was 10 ml, and the best carbon source for the production of crude chitinases was glucose. The optimal concentration for the production of chitinases was 20% of the weight of the growth medium, yet 5% of the weight of the growth medium was the optimal percentage of glucose as a carbon source for the production of other protein metabolites. The proposed colorimetric method seemed to be an effective and rapid method to survey the aptitude of huge quantities of microorganisms to produce chitinases.

Plant-derived citronellol can significantly disrupt cell wall integrity maintenance of Colletotrichum camelliae

Anthracnose, a fungal disease, commonly infects tea plants and severely impacts the yield and quality of tea. One method for controlling anthracnose is the application of citronellol, a plant extract that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Herein, the physiological and biochemical mechanism by which citronellol controls anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum camelliae was investigated. Citronellol exhibited excellent antifungal activity based on direct and indirect mycelial growth inhibition assays, with EC50 values of 76.88 mg/L and 29.79 μL/L air, respectively. Citronellol also exhibited good control effects on C. camelliae in semi-isolated leaf experiments. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed that citronellol caused C. camelliae mycelia to thin, fracture, fold and deform. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the mycelial cell walls collapsed inward and separated, and the organelles became blurred after treatment with citronellol. The sensitivity of C. camelliae to calcofluor white staining was significantly enhanced by citronellol, while PI staining showed minimal fluorescence, and the relative conductivity of mycelia were not significantly different. Under citronellol treatment, the expression levels of β-1,3-glucanase, chitin synthase, and chitin deacetylase-related genes were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of chitinase genes were increased, leading to lower chitinase activity and increased β-1,3-glucanase activity. Therefore, citronellol disrupted the cell wall integrity of C. camelliae and inhibited normal mycelial growth.

Sustainable management of peanut damping-off and root rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani using environmentally friendly bio-formulations prepared from batch fermentation broth of chitinase-producing Streptomyces cellulosae.

Soil-borne plant diseases represent a severe problem that negatively impacts the production of food crops. Actinobacteria play a vital role in biocontrolling soil-borne fungi. The target of the present study is to test the antagonistic activity of chitinase-producing Streptomyces cellulosae Actino 48 (accession number, MT573878) against Rhizoctonia solani. Subsequently, maximization of Actino 48 production using different fermentation processes in a stirred tank bioreactor. Finally, preparation of bio-friendly formulations prepared from the culture broth of Actino 48 using talc powder (TP) and bentonite in a natural as well as nano forms as carriers. Meanwhile, investigating their activities in reducing the damping-off and root rot diseases of peanut plants, infected by R. solani under greenhouse conditions. Actino 48 was found to be the most significant antagonistic isolate strain at p ≤ 0.05 and showed the highest inhibition percentage of fungal mycelium growth, which reached 97%. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) images analysis showed a large reduction in R. solani mycelia mass. Additionally, many aberrations changes and fungal hypha damages were found. Batch fermentation No. 2, which was performed using agitation speed of 200rpm, achieved high chitinase activity of 0.1163 U mL- 1 min- 1 with a yield coefficient of 0.004 U mL- 1 min- 1 chitinase activity/g chitin. Nano-talc formulation of Actino 48 had more a significant effect compared to the other formulations in reducing percentages of damping-off and root rot diseases that equal to 19.05% and 4.76% with reduction percentages of 60% and 80%, respectively. The healthy survival percentage of peanut plants recorded 76.19%. Furthermore, the nano-talc formulation of Actino 48 was sufficient in increasing the dry weight of the peanut plants shoot, root systems, and the total number of peanut pods with increasing percentages of 47.62%, 55.62%, and 38.07%, respectively. The bio-friendly formulations of actinobacteria resulting from this investigation may play an active role in managing soil-borne diseases.

Chitinase‑3 like‑protein‑1: A potential predictor of cardiovascular disease (Review).

Chitinase‑3 like‑protein‑1 (CHI3L1), a glycoprotein belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 18, binds to chitin; however, this protein lacks chitinase activity. Although CHI3L1 is not an enzyme capable of degrading chitin, it plays significant roles in abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, indicating its involvement in metabolic disorders. In addition, CHI3L1 is considered a key player in inflammatory diseases, with clinical data suggesting its potential as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. CHI3L1 regulates the inflammatory response of various cell types, including macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. In addition, CHI3L1 participates in vascular remodeling and fibrosis, contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. At present, research is focused on elucidating the role of CHI3L1 in cardiovascular disease. The present systematic review was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the effects of CHI3L1 on cardiovascular cells, and determine the potential implications in the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease. The present study may further the understanding of the involvement of CHI3L1 in cardiovascular pathology, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic target or biomarker in the management of cardiovascular disease.

Catalytic activity of chitinase encapsulated with alginate and its application in a biosensor for postharvest fungal detection

This research aimed to preserve the chitinase catalytic activity using alginate and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), to evaluate its thermal stability at 37 ºC, 50 ºC, and 70 ºC and its ability to detect Rhizopus stolonifer, Colletotrichum fragariae, and Alternaria alternata in a capacitive transducer-based biosensor. The ZnO-NPs measured less than 100 nm. The phosphate buffer-citric acid was a better solvent than water. Al+ZnONPs Ch showed the highest thermal stability at 37 ºC and 50 ºC (2 IU) for 45 d. Conversely, the free enzyme lost its activity from day 1–28 at 37 ºC (3.3 IU-2.8 IU), and alginate-encapsulated chitinase (AlCh) had the lowest activity at 50 ºC during 45 d (1.3 IU). Chitinase, alginate, and the ZnO-NPs were confirmed for FTIR spectra. The Al+ZnONPs Ch had the best response in the biosensor, observing a decrease in electrical frequency when the concentration of the tested fungi increased (106 spores mL−1 =100–250 kHz and 104 spores mL−1 = 400 kHz). In conclusion, at 37 ºC and 50 ºC, the chitinase had a stable catalytic activity compared to the remaining treatments, and it could be used to detect fungi in a biosensor at concentrations from 103 to 106 spores mL−1.

Response Surface Methodology-Based Optimization of the Chitinolytic Activity of Burkholderia contaminans Strain 614 Exerting Biological Control against Phytopathogenic Fungi.

As part of the development of alternative and environmentally friendly control against phytopathogenic fungi, Burkholderia cepacia could be a useful species notably via the generation of hydrolytic enzymes like chitinases, which can act as a biological control agent. Here, a Burkholderia contaminans S614 strain exhibiting chitinase activity was isolated from a soil in southern Tunisia. Then, response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD) was used to assess the impact of five factors (colloidal chitin, magnesium sulfate, dipotassium phosphate, yeast extract, and ammonium sulfate) on chitinase activity. B. contaminans strain 614 growing in the optimized medium showed up to a 3-fold higher chitinase activity. This enzyme was identified as beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (90.1 kDa) based on its peptide sequences, which showed high similarity to those of Burkholderia lata strain 383. Furthermore, this chitinase significantly inhibited the growth of two phytopathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea M5 and Phoma medicaginis Ph8. Interestingly, a crude enzyme from strain S614 was effective in reducing P. medicaginis damage on detached leaves of Medicago truncatula. Overall, our data provide strong arguments for the agricultural and biotechnological potential of strain S614 in the context of developing biocontrol approaches.

In vitro assessment of antifungal activity of chitinase extracted from Bacillus subtilis

In vitro assessment of antifungal activity of chitinase extracted from Bacillus subtilis

WPŁYW ADENOTONSILLEKTOMII NA KONTROLĘ ASTMY U PACJENTÓW PEDIATRYCZNYCH – PRZEGLĄD SYSTEMATYCZNY

IntroductionThis systematic review investigates the influence of adenotonsillectomy (AT) on asthma control in pediatric patients.Material and methodsA literature review from 2000 to 2023 based on the databases PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The analysis is distilled down to four studies that revealed positive outcomes in asthma control as gauged by the Asthma Control Test (ACT), the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT), clinical outcomes, and asthma-related chitinase levels.ResultsThe four studies consistently demonstrated improved asthma control postoperatively in terms of improved ACT scores, reductions in acute asthma exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, and medication usage. Notably, the correlation between improved asthma control and decreased chitinase activity suggests that AT has an impact on molecular markers associated with asthma.ConclusionsThe findings underline the potential benefits of AT in pediatric asthma management. However, the limitations of this study include a small number of studies and potential biases related to asthma’s natural course and seasonal variations. While the review provides evidence for the positive impact of AT on asthma control, further research with longer follow-up periods, case-matched controls, and consideration of seasonal factors is recommended.