Activity Of White Rats Research Articles

Impact of new 1,4‑dihydrothiopyridine derivatives with analgesic activity on gastric mucosa

In clinical practice, the occurrence of such a side effect as gastrotoxicity can occur in patients taking NSAIDs with any route of administration. In this case, damage not only to the upper parts of the digestive tract is noted, but also to the intestine as a whole, since NSAID-induced enteropathy is manifested by the intestinal permeability disorder with protein exudation and diapedesis of erythrocytes, as well as by the development of erosions, ulcers, and life-threatening complications: bleeding, perforation, intestinal obstruction, and the appearance of circular folds [1]. The purpose of the study: to investigate the morphofunctional state of the stomach after exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and novel heterocyclic compounds synthesized by us which have been proven to have high analgesic activity in white rats.

Influence of new 1,4‑dihydrothiopyridine derivatives with analgesic activity on the gastric mucosa

In clinical practice, such a side effect as gastrotoxicity can occur in patients taking NSAIDs with any route of administration. In this case, damage not only to the upper parts of the digestive tract, but also to the intestine as a whole is noted, since NSAID-induced enteropathy is manifested by a breach in the intestinal permeability with protein exudation and diapedesis of erythrocytes, as well as by the damage with the development of erosions, ulcers and life-threatening complications: bleeding, perforation, intestinal obstruction, the occurrence of circular structures [1]. The purpose of the study: to investigate the morphofunctional state of the stomach after exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and new heterocyclic compounds synthesized by us with previously proven high analgesic activity in white rats.

Experimental study of possible development of abstinence syndrome after long use of energetic drinks

Aim. To study in experiment the possible syndrome of withdrawal after a 30-day peroral use of energetic drinks.
 Materials and methods.In the groups of laboratory animals, who had caffeine solution (CS) and energetic drink (ED), as the only source of drinking in free access so as to form a stable use, and in the control group of rats, who received purified water (duration of experiment – 4 weeks), one day after the withdrawal there were studied body mass indices, behavioral functions (cognitive processes, anxiety, behaviour) and rectal temperature.
 Results. The 1.5-2-fold reduction of motor activity in white rats was established; it was reflected in decreased number of postures and crossed squares in the device “open field”.The increase in anxiety level against the background of energetic drink withdrawal was detected in “dark-light camera” with perforations. At the same time, no changes in motor activity and anxiety level were registered in the group of caffeine users. The following characteristic features of withdrawal syndrome as tooth chatter and gnashing, shaking arms and pads, ptosis, were registered in 87.5 %, 75 % and 37.5 %, respectively, in the group of energetic drink users, and 14.3 %, 42.9 %, 28.6 % in the group of caffeine solution users. During a 30-day period of using energetic drink by white rats, there was observed a negative dynamics of their weight.
 Conclusions. The decrease in motor activity, increase in anxiety level and presence of a number of signs, does not allow excluding the presence of withdrawal syndrome after a long use of energetic drinks, and in most cases, expression of the signs of withdrawal syndrome exceeds that of caffeine. This fact, in our opinion, needs more detailed studying.

STUDY OF PSYCHOMODULATING PROPERTIES OF ASTRAGALUS VULPINUS WILLD EXTRACT AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF INFORMATIONAL OVERLOAD

One of the main tasks of modern pharmacology is the development of new methods for correcting various stress-induced states. An essential role in solving this problem can be played by herbal medicinal products. A special interest is represented by Astragalus vulpinus Willd - a plant of a large Astragalus genus of the legume family (Fabaceae),growing in the Astrakhan Region. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the Astragalus vulpinus Willd extract on the psychoemotional state of animals against the background of informational overload (IО). Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on nonlinear male rats. All the manipulations with the animals were carried out according to the rules and principles of work with laboratory animals. The animals were divided into groups: Group 1 - control rats; Group 2 – the animals exposed to IО for 20 days; Group 3 – the animals treated with intragastric liquid extract of Astragalus vulpinus Willd in the dose of 50 mg / kg /a day for 14 days and exposed to IО;Group 4 – the animals treated with the comparative drug of Phenibut in the dose of 25 mg / kg for 14 days against the background of informational overload. The IO model was a multi-alternative labyrinth in which food-producing skills were formed. The psychoemotional state of rats was studied in the “Suok-test” (ST), which is a complex of several classical behavioral models. Results and discussion. The study of laboratory animals’ behavior in the “Suok-test” against the background of informational overload showed the formation of the state of increased anxiety, which was manifested by a decrease in the motor and research activity of white rats. It was established that the Astragalus vulpinus Willd extract has an anxiolytic and antidepressant effect, eliminating manifestations of an anxiety-depressive state developing against the background of informational overload. Conclusion. Estimating the influence of the Astragalus vulpinus Willd extract in comparison with the activity of Phenibutum, it can be concluded that the investigated drugs eliminate the changes in the psychoemotional state of the anxiety-depressive character, demonstrating a practically comparable anxiolytic and antidepressant effect.

Effect of Temperature and Maze Learning on Simple Muscular Activity of White Rats

The paper discusses the effects of temperature variation on the simple muscular activity of white rats. Two groups of white rats were selected. Members of one group were trained to run a proteus maze prior to the experiment. Muscular activity of both the groups was compared when subjected to temperature variation. The results show a superiority of trained rats over the others in respect of their muscular activity.

Electromagnetic irradiation of the terahertz diapason at nitric oxide frequencies for correction and prevention of disturbances of platelet functional activity in white rats during long-term stress

The effect of electromagnetic waves of the terahertz diapason at the frequencies of the molecular spectrum of irradiation and absorption of nitric oxide on the functional activity of platelets was studied in white rats submitted to a long-term stress. The course of action of terahertz frequency (THF) during the period of action of the stress was shown to prevent and restore disturbances of platelet aggregatory activity. Stress on animals submitted to a preventive course of THF action did not produce disturbances of the platelet functional activity characteristic of the stress reaction.

The effects of a novel analog of the C-terminal fragment of vasopressin on the behavior of white rats.

The effects of an arginine-vasopressin fragment, Ac-D-MPRG, on the movement activity and orientational-investigative activity of white rats were studied. Peptide was given intranasally at doses of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 micrograms/kg 1 h before testing. All peptide doses increased vertical movement activity in an open field test and hole board test and decreased grooming levels in both tests. The peptide had no effect on horizontal movement activity. Analysis of these results led to the conclusion that Ac-D-MPRG increases orientational-investigative activity, but, unlike arginine-vasopressin, does not affect non-motivated movement activity.

Behavior modification by trained and untrained brain homogenate injections.

Injections of brain homogenate from trained and untrained donors produced differential effects on the maze activity of white rats. The acquisition of a simple position discrimination was not significantly affected.

Effects of chlordiazepoxide upon spontaneous alternation and the hippocampal electrical activity in white rats.

Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) at 20 mg/kg, i. p. reduced the rate of spontaneous alternation in hungry rats on 6 successive trials with no particular reward in a T-maze (Experiment I). The result could not be ascribed simply to the drug-produced changes in running speeds; although alternation is usually assumed to be higher in rate with shorter inter-choice intervals, CDP rats ran slightly faster than saline rats. The same dose of CDP depressed the hippocampal theta activity by decreasing its frequency and facilitating regular fast activity of about 30 Hz which was superimposed on the theta rhythm (Experiment II). The reduction of alternation after CDP was explained in terms of the drug's depressant action upon one of the hippocampal functions, characterized by the theta activity, which is assumed to have a significant role in internal inhibition underlying such behaviors as discrimination reversal, passive avoidance, extinction, frustration, habituation and spontaneous alternation.

Mitotic activity in white rats in a state of drug-induced sleep

Single administration of hypnotics in the morning or in the evening induces no changes in the mitotic activity of the cornea, skin and crypts of the small intestine. Prolonged continuous drug-induced sleep for a period of 10–11 hours causes a rise of the mitotic activity in the cornea, slightly increases the mitotic activity in the ear epidermis, but leaves it unchanged in the crypts of the small intestine. The rise of mitotic activity in the corneal epithelium depends on the profoundness of the animal's sleep.

Studies on effect of gonadectomy on dental caries activity in white rats and in cotton rats.

Studies on effect of gonadectomy on dental caries activity in white rats and in cotton rats.

An effect of reproduction on the dental caries activity in white rats.

An effect of reproduction on the dental caries activity in white rats.

Studies on the effect of dl-glyceric aldehyde on the dental caries activity in white rats and cotton rats.

Studies on the effect of dl-glyceric aldehyde on the dental caries activity in white rats and cotton rats.

The effect of subcutaneous injections of benzedrine sulphate on the activity of white rats.

The effect of subcutaneous injections of benzedrine sulphate on the activity of white rats.

The effect of variation in the dose of benzedrine sulphate on the activity of white rats.

The effect of variation in the dose of benzedrine sulphate on the activity of white rats.