Activities Of Government Bodies Research Articles

The process of implementation of the EU acquis in the national legislation of Ukraine

The article summarizes the process of implementing the EU acquis into the national legislation of Ukraine, as well as the obligations undertaken within the framework of the Association Agreement. Thus, as part of the negotiation process, Ukraine's commitments are grouped into six clusters, which in turn contain 34 chapters. It was found that 80 state authorities assessed the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation (self-screening) within six months. According to the results of the inspection, several EU acts do not require implementation into Ukrainian legislation, some acts are subject to further full or partial incorporation, and some of the acts have already been fully implemented into Ukrainian legislation. It was also analysed that the largest number of EU acquis acts, which Ukraine has already fully incorporated into its legislation, relate to the sections «Customs Union», «Statistics», «External Relations», «Food Safety, Veterinary and Phytosanitary Policy» and «Protection of Consumer Rights and Health Care». However, under such sections as «Transport Policy», «Food Safety, Veterinary and Phytosanitary Policy», «Freedom of Movement of Goods», «Freedom of Entrepreneurship and Provision of Services» there is still work to be done in terms of the implementation of EU norms in the internal legislation of Ukraine. In addition, the article also defines the state of implementation of the EU acquis in Ukraine. In addition, the activities of government bodies during 2023 in the process of implementing EU legislation were also analysed. It was found that Ukraine also fulfilled all seven recommendations of the European Commission, which it received during the granting of candidate status. It was also determined that Ukraine, on its way to European integration, continues to fulfill its obligations under the Association Agreement. During the period from 2015 to 2022, Ukraine fulfilled 72% of its obligations.

PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF LOBBYING IN THE USA IN THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Based on domestic and foreign sources, the article analyzes the experience of the USA regarding the institutionalization of lobbying activities and makes a generalization about the possibility of its use in the domestic system of public administration. It is shown that the goals of the institutionalization of lobbying activities are to ensure the rights of citizens to participate in the adoption and implementation of management decisions and the activities of government bodies in general. It is substantiated that the development of lobbying contributes to the effectiveness of public control in interactions between state structures and interest groups, which is a mechanism for minimizing corruption. It is noted that the USA is a kind of standard for the institutionalization of lobbying in the system of public administration, since it was here that it was started in its modern form and it is here that legislation on lobbying has the longest history and, accordingly, detailed regulation of the object of regulation. For domestic legislators, the systematic development of the conceptual apparatus in the field of lobbying activity regulation, which includes the definition of 16 terms, is primarily important in this law. The law regulates not only the relations between lobbyists and legislators, but lobbying activities in the sphere of executive power. US lobbying legislation also defines the characteristics of lobbying activity as professional, and also has a perfect procedure for registration and submission of quarterly reports of lobbyists and a system of penalties for violations of lobbying legislation. At the same time, it is shown that the American system of lobbying regulation was not very effective in combating political corruption in the US legislative system. It was concluded that the American legislation on the regulation of lobbying can be taken as a basis for the development of the most important component of domestic legislation related to the definition of the subject and lobbying activity, as well as the concept of this activity itself. And this is the main prerequisite for successful public-management regulation of the functioning of this institute in a standardized form, which is an urgent task for the development of the domestic public management system.

Guarantees of citizens’ right to information using digital technologies

The development of citizens’ right to access information, which is also known as the «right to know,» is actively occurring in many countries at the beginning of the 21st century, which is associated with the development of democracy. Many industrialized countries of the world adopted this path only after the end of World War II. The value of the right to access information in the use of digital technologies for developing democracies is that it is one of the main ways citizens can participate in government public life. Access to information and freedom of access to official documents are also considered as means of control over the actions of authorities and indicators of the state of democracy, as well as as a means of achieving openness and transparency in the activities of government bodies. The article discusses a number of conditions that ensure that Russian citizens are informed about the activities of the state. Informing citizens by public authorities in a social society is of utmost importance. Russian legislation in the information sphere, which provides legal guarantees for the implementation of information rights and freedoms of humans and citizens, is currently following the development path of «providing everyone with access to information using digital technologies.» In the context of the digitalization of public administration and the development of the information society, it should be noted that the methods of information activity in legal science and the methods of their implementation have not yet received sufficient understanding. It is concluded that in order to fully understand modern trends and develop the right of citizens to information, it is necessary to constantly improve legislation on access to information. However, the simple introduction of modern digital technologies into the activities of government authorities will not lead to the desired results of the development of modern Russia in the conditions of digitalization. Therefore, it is necessary to expand guarantees of citizens’ right to information, as well as to ensure constant digital interaction between officials and citizens, which will help achieve greater openness of public authorities.

СУБ’ЄКТИ ЗАГАЛЬНОСОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАПОБІГАННЯ КРИМІНАЛЬНИМ ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯМ У СФЕРІ СЛУЖБОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ПОВ’ЯЗАНОЇ З НАДАННЯМ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ

In this article, the authors formulated scientific-theoretical, legal, and regulatory rules for functioning, defined and systematized subjects of prevention of criminal offenses in the field of official activities and professional activities related to the provision of public services vested with general powers. The authors emphasize that the scientific and theoretical basis for preventive activities in this field focuses only on the role of individual subjects of prevention in certain areas of public life while bypassing system-forming matters. The practical embodiment of preventive activities concerned is presented in the existing developed system of subjects of prevention of criminal offenses. However, the level of the type of criminal offenses studied remains quite high. Thus, the study outlines the main scientific and theoretical concepts, justifies the need for a comprehensive legislative regulation of the mechanism of prevention by subjects of the general level, provides their features, analyzes their powers and functions in the systemic interconnection within the mechanism of prevention of criminal offenses, which aims to significantly reduce the level of crime in the field studied. The article describes the subjects of prevention of criminal offenses in the field of official activities and professional activities related to the provision of public services. The activities of such subjects at the general level involve the implementation of state policy, the development and implementation of legislation, the activities of government bodies, public organizations, analytical centers, and the implementation of international crime prevention programs. The authors conclude that measures of general social prevention are fundamental in the context of creating favorable conditions for overcoming crime in the field studied, mitigating harmful consequences for society. The article reveals a set of measures taken by state and municipal bodies, public institutions and individual citizens who ensure organization, management, coordination of preventive activities, perform other functions and statutory powers defined by law in order to protect rights and interests of individuals and legal entities in all spheres of public life. Proper scientific and regulatory support for prevention activities of relevant subjects at the general level is the way to solve problems assigned, and adoption of a comprehensive legislative act should be the deliverable of such work. Key words: subjects of prevention, general social prevention, criminal offenses, official activities, professional activities, public services.

НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕЖНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ: ИСТОРИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬ

To understand the modern role of nonprofi t organizations in the system of interethnic relations, it is important to analyze the historical experi-ence of public participation in the formation of ethnic policies in Russia. The goal of this article is to identify the potential of civil society organizations in the field of harmonization of interethnic relations, and to consider the possibilities and limitations of the potential of national-cultural autonomies based on reference to historical experience and its comparison with modern phenomena. To achieve research goals, the article uses a historical-genetic method that allows us to identify cause-and-eff ect relationships of historical processes and phenomena, as well as classifi cation methods that allow to systematically analyze the mechanisms of cross-sector partnership. Th e idea of national-cultural autonomy as a tool for maintaining and harmonious development of the cultural identity of “non-dominant” ethnic groups gained particular popularity in Austria-Hungary and Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century. The revival of this concept in our time is due to the fact that NCA is a historically established and theoretically substantiated “classical” principle for implementing ethnocultural development that does not violate the political structure and territorial-administrative composition of multinational states. However, the national-cultural autonomies created in accordance with the 1996 law are heterogeneous both in size and development potential. Due to this inconsistency, the possibilities of civil society in the ethnocultural and ethnopolitical sphere are realized not only in the form of creating national and cultural autonomies, but also using other organizational and legal forms. Th e nonprofi t sector is the organizational and economic basis of civil society, and it is in this capacity that it reflects the diversity of public interests. Th e role of the nonprofi t sector is not limited to representing the interests of diverse groups, including national and religious groups, in the public political space. Nonprofi t organizations are called upon to solve specifi c problems of society, provide social assistance, prevent crises and help resolve them. It is in this capacity that they are most useful as a tool for harmonizing interethnic relations. Civil society organizations, due to natural resource limitations, cannot eff ectively solve the problems of harmonizing interethnic relations without cooperation with the state and business. The issues of development of national culture and national heritage, social assistance and support for representatives of various ethnic groups, public participation in the activities of government bodies on issues of interethnic relations become the responsibility of various civil structures involved in the system of intersectoral social partnership

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ИНИЦИАТИВНОГО БЮДЖЕТИРОВАНИЯ: ГОТОВНОСТЬ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И ДОВЕРИЕ К ВЛАСТИ

The article analyzes the possibility of using the mechanism of participatory budgeting through an assessment of the public's readiness to participate in these practices. The research focuses on the population’s trust assessment regarding the activities of government bodies as a predictor of the evolving of their readiness to co-finance projects of participatory budgeting. The leading research method is a questionnaire survey of the population. The results illustrate a rather low interest of the public in participation in the practices of the participatory budgeting. The respondents recognize the relevance of resorting to the mechanism of co-financing only if it affects their individual interests. The results indicate a low level of confidence in the authorities when it comes to the budget spending, meanwhile the insufficient resource of credibility limits the residents' willingness to invest money in the development of the territory. The research finds that the lack of public confidence that the local government acts in the interests of residents and supports local initiatives will reduce public willingness to participate in the implementation of co-financing projects. In addition, the low level of citizens' awareness of the practices of participatory budgeting aggravates the situation and reduces the level of satisfaction with the effectiveness of the implementation of control and budgetary functions.

STATE BUDGET EXPENDITURES FOR THE RESTORATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE

This article examines the current issue of spending the state budget of Ukraine on the restoration of the country, which suffered significant losses as a result of the armed conflict (war) caused by the Russian Federation. The study focuses on the analysis of budget policy and the activities of government bodies in view of the direction of expenditures, their effectiveness and socio-economic consequences. The article analyzes the total volume of state budget expenditures aimed at the restoration of damaged infrastructure, humanitarian aid and social support of the population. In particular, the role of international donors in financing reconstruction projects and the degree of their influence on the formation of national budget policy were investigated. The efficiency and effectiveness of costs for the reconstruction of destroyed territories were analyzed in detail, the favorableness of the budget policy for attracting investments and developing the business environment was assessed. The article also highlights the problems of corruption and lack of transparency in the process of distribution and use of funds, which can significantly affect the success of the country's recovery. Based on the analysis, recommendations were made to optimize the budget policy and increase the efficiency of the government's spending on the country's recovery. In particular, the possibility of improving the control system over the use of budget funds, promoting the development of partnership relations with international organizations, and increasing the transparency of resource allocation processes was considered. The results and conclusions presented in the article can be useful for government officials, experts in budget policy, as well as researchers who specialize in the issues of the country's reconstruction after military conflicts.

Tax and legal status of subjects carrying out space activities

In the process of carrying out space activities, many issues arise that require legal regulation. The space industry functions through the activities of government bodies, scientific and industrial organizations. Currently, the commercial component of space activities is developing. In this regard, the issues of the legal status of the state corporation «Roscosmos», various business companies and non-profit structures performing specific tasks in the field of space activities, as well as the organization of public-private partnership, are of particular importance. In addition, tax aspects directly affect the activities of all subjects of space activities.

О проблеме понимания справедливости как юридической категории

The global and systemic crisis that modern civilization is going through makes it necessary to improve the efficiency of the functioning of both government bodies and legal systems, the activities of these bodies and their regulatory officials. Despite the strict observance of formal legality in the activities of officials, civil society may refuse to trust and support them if such activities are perceived as unfair. In public opinion, the fairness of the activities of representatives of the government, therefore, can be considered as a necessary condition for the legitimacy of their activities. This kind of circumstance necessitates the formalization of the concept of justice and the inclusion of this concept into the language of legal documents. At present, an unambiguous understanding of the category of “justice” in domestic jurisprudence has not yet been formed. The paper presents the author’s concept of justice in law, concludes that it is necessary to formalize and institutionalize this concept, to sort out the legal category of “justice” from the categories of the same name developed in other social and humanitarian sciences. The greatest attention is paid to the applicability of the concept of justice to the intersectoral institution of legal responsibility. It has been established that in the Russian Federation the requirement to ensure fairness in the activities of government bodies and officials has actually acquired a constitutional character. However, the use of this concept in the Constitution of the Russian Federation cannot be recognized as consistent, and justice as a whole has an ambiguous character. The content and correlation of this concept with other legal categories is analyzed. The study allows us to speak about the existence of a legal category of justice, which does not coincide with the understanding of this concept in other areas of scientific knowledge. It is concluded that the changes made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as one of their main goals, have an increase in fairness in the organization of public administration. The paper emphasizes the possibility to reveal the legal content of the concept of justice through the requirements to ensure verity, proportionality and impartiality in the activities of the government bodies.

ОБЩИЕ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ КОРРУПЦИИ В ОРГАНАХ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article examines the general theoretical aspects of corruption in government bodies, which lie in the relationship between the principal and the employee of the organization, as well as in the problems associated with the organization, which are associated with objective and subjective conditions. And also, their influence on the level of corruption in the public administration has been studied. The corruption conditions arising in the relationship between a civil servant and the organization where he carries out his activities are discussed. At the same time, these aspects are disclosed on the basis of more than 10 factors that determine the presence of corruption in the public sector, each of the factors is substantiated by practical research by specialists from Europe and Asia. At the same time, the study proves that if corruption is directly related to governance, and governance is directly related to the exercise of state power, then for the success of efforts and sustainability of the results of the fight against corruption, strong leadership and the interest of the parties, that is, citizens and the principal, are required. This study is fundamental to identifying effective and minimizing anti-corruption measures in the activities of government bodies.

Gender dimensions in the coordinate system of public management and administration

Nowadays, constitutional reforms are continuing, which are aimed at the development of a democratic state governed by the rule of law and European integration. Equal rights and opportunities for both genders constitute one of the fundamental principles of democracy and respect for the individual. Gender equality permeates all the provisions of the Constitutions of Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine. In fact, the Fundamental Law determines the gender strategy for the state. The most important line of the women's movement in recent years has been lobbying for necessary changes in laws and draft laws related to gender issues. The study analyses some aspects of women's representation in the activities of government bodies in Ukraine and the Kyrgyz Republic. The study presents theoretical and practical opinions, expert assessments on the representation of women in a state governed by the rule of law. The problems of reforming the legislation and the foundations of public relations since the beginning of the 1990s and up to the present time are also addressed, leading to a rethinking of the essence of gender equality and contributing to the activation of the development of new approaches to legal regulation in the given subject area. During the analysis, it was noted that to perform international obligations to achieve gender equality in the countries under study, constitutional framework and guarantees of adherence to the principle of equality were developed, which is also constituted in the provisions of the Fundamental Law of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Constitution of Ukraine

Clergy Participation in Elections, Political Parties and Government from the Perspective of Secular and Church Law

This article presents a comparative analysis of solving the issue of Orthodox clergy's participation in elections, political parties and public bodies previously and in modern times from the standpoint of secular and church law. At different stages of history, there were both times when the clergy took active part in the legislative bodies of our country and abstained from it. The relevance of this question is conditioned by the following fact: while the Church is unified and its establishments are inviolable, there are historically many states of many types, and the relations between them should always be adjusted specifically to each case. There is no general theoretical formula that would suit them all. The clergy participated in political parties, elections and the State Duma before the revolution, but the results of this participation were very mixed. In the post-Soviet years, after the constitutional crisis of October 1993, the Church made the only right decision. At an expanded session on October 8, 1993, the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church adopted a resolution that instructed clergy to refrain from participating in the elections to the Federal Assembly as candidates for deputy, and to abstain from membership in political parties under the penalty of prosecution. As for the Church law, the canons of the Orthodox Church do not permit clergymen to hold secular positions of authority. This is confirmed by the Apostolic Rules and decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Adopted in 2000 by the Jubilee Council of Bishops, “The Fundamentals of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church” reflected the official position of the Moscow Patriarchate in its relations with the state and secular society . The Fundamentals formulate a concept of the state-church relations, the key concept of which is “the cooperation between state and church”. However, by prohibiting the clergy to participate in government bodies, the Church emphasizes its another resource: the participation of Orthodox laymen in the activities of government bodies and parties. The contemporary challenges include an enormous increase in the influence of the Internet, mass media, the ethical problems of modern technology, the lack of an Orthodox component in educational programs — they are only a few problems and challenges to the dialogue between church and state.

Dialogue in Internet Channels as a New Trend in PR Activity of Public Authorities

The paper represents the author’s view on the development trends and issues of digital transformation in the field of PR activities of government bodies. The author reveals and substantiates the need for active development in the Internet space of balanced communication of the authorities with the citizens. The author proceeds from the assumption that for a PR-service employee, the Internet is a new information reality that has a significant impact on the mechanisms of public opinion management. An open dialogue, built on a constant and improving basis, in parallel with the development of Internet technologies, is the basis for a balanced and most effective communication between the authorities and the public. Based on the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the conservative system of civil service needs to adapt to the information needs of the audience, offering an adequate list of convenient interactive services, easy messages and formats of interaction.

Legal Policy to Improve the Activities of Government Bodies and the Law Enforcement System Considerring the Specifics of the Territory Northern Region

The article explores the key directions to improve the effectiveness of legal policy on the management for small indigenous peoples in the context of globalization. The importance of the preservation and development of ethnic groups in the Northern regions is noted.
 The article investigates the issues of improving the legal tools for regulating public relations related to the indigenous peoples of the North. Close attention is paid to the importance of managing the indigenous small numbered peoples of the North taking into account state policy. An analysis is given for the characteristics of indigenous peoples and their different levels of economic, social and cultural development.

LEGITIMATION PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC GOVERNMENT IN MODERN RUSSIA

The problem of the effectiveness and efficiency of public authority is the subject of research in various sciences, including the legal one. In particular, from the standpoint of the domestic science of constitutional law, it is of interest to study the foundations of the organization and functioning of public authorities and management at various levels in a given period of time to develop recommendations aimed at improving the activities of government bodies. The 2020 constitutional and legal reform introduced significant adjustments to the organization and activities of not only the highest bodies of state power. Strengthened the interaction of public authorities and local self-government, which together form a single system of public authority and carry out interaction in order to most effectively solve problems in the interests of the population. Despite the ambiguity of the category “public power”, one of its properties is the activities legitimacy of the bodies that exercise it. In this regard, at present, there are a number of problematic aspects related to the procedure for the formation (formation) of higher bodies of state power and local self-government and the degree of participation of citizens in it (for example, citizens do not participate in the direct formation of the Federation Council, heads of municipalities are not elected by the population). Until now, the science of constitutional law continues to discuss the legal content of the concept of “people”, which is one of the key issues in the process of legitimizing public authority. In the article, the author proposes to find out the difference between the legal understanding of the people as a “source of power” and as a “bearer of sovereignty.” Considering public power, the author reveals such an inalienable property of it as legitimacy. Analyzing the problems of public administration in the Russian Federation, the author proposes a number of measures aimed at improving the legislation.

Анализ уровня и перспектив развития цифровой экономики: российские и глобальные тенденции

The article describes the digital economy as the most important trend in the world economic development in recent decades. Digital technologies have embraced the lives of individuals around the world, changed business processes and the activities of government bodies. There have been examined the main approaches to defining the essence of the digital economy, their transformation over the past 30 years and the formation of modern views, within which three main approaches to defining the digital economy have been identified: reproductive, cyber-system and institutional. The analysis of the development of the digital economy in the world was carried out using various indicators (business digitalization index, Information Communication Technologies development index, the level of digital competitiveness and others). As for the most digitally advanced countries, there can be mentioned the Scandinavian states, the Netherlands, the Republic of Korea, Hong Kong, Japan, Great Britain, and Switzerland. The largest digital economy in the world is in China. There are considered the main driving forces of the digital economy: a new data value chain and an increase in the number of digital platforms, accompanied by an increase in their quality. The main tendencies of digitalization processes in Russia are revealed: improvement of positions in world rankings, an increase in the proportion of economic entities actively using digital technologies. The development of the digital economy in Russia is constrained by a number of factors, which determines the need to use the successful experience of other countries in the following main areas: the development of digital platforms, the digital transformation of industry, and the improvement of the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem. The prospects for the development of the digital economy at the global and Russian levels are outlined: the growth in the rate of digitalization and its contribution to global economic growth and GDP, changes in the structure of employment, strengthening of the digital transformation of public administration.

К вопросу оценки эффективности работы органов исполнительной власти по достижению национальных целей развития

Objective: to identify and characterize the current trends in improving approaches to evaluating the performance of executive authorities, taking into account the trends and prospects for improving their activities to implement the goals and objectives of national, federal, and regional projects.Methods: general scientific methods of the systematic approach aimed at a holistic perception of the research object, such as comparison, grouping, other statistical methods, as well as the scenario approach and expert assessments.Results: the issues of management system in the activities of government bodies that affect the efficiency of public servants are identified, systematized and characterized. Based on the analysis of the dynamics and structure of the number of state and municipal employees and their remuneration in the Russian Federation, Southern Federal district and Volgograd region, the differences in the work of state and municipal employees at different levels are reasoned and proposals are developed for the use of a system of key performance indicators (KPI) linked to the goals and objectives of national projects at all levels of executive power. Taking into account the example of calculating KPI, an algorithm for its implementation is proposed, the positive and negative consequences of this system in executive authorities are justified.Scientific novelty: the article for the first time gives an assessment of the prospects for implementing KPI for state and municipal employees with a detailed justification of both advantages and risks of implementing such a system, taking into account the impact of national projects’ goals and objectives on the content and working conditions of executive authorities involved in their implementation.Practical significance: the findings and results of the study can be used in the educational process when studying the use of KPI to improve the efficiency of state and municipal employees at the level of individual governance bodies; the article is also of interest for implementation or development of the KPI system at regional and municipal levels of executive authorities.

Impact of regulatory framework rigidity on poverty in the regions of Russia

The paper analyzes the impact of the federal regulatory burden on poverty dynamics in Russia. The paper provides regional level indices of the federal regulatory burden on the economy in 2008—2018 which take into account sectoral structure of regions’ output and the level of regulatory rigidity of federal regulations governing certain types of economic activity. Estimates of empirical specifications of poverty theoretical model with the inclusion of macroeconomic and institutional factors shows that limiting the scope of the rulemaking activity of government bodies and weakening of new regulations rigidity contributes to a statistically significant reduction in the level of poverty in Russian regions. Cancellation of 10% of accumulated federal level requirements through the “regulatory guillotine” administrative reform may take out of poverty about 1.1—1.4 million people.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF EVENT TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC POLICY AND MANAGEMENT

The specificity of public administration is the implementation of social objectives, as it requires the use of effective means of administrative influence, adequate to the needs of the information society. In such circumstances, the concept of event management can be considered as an effective form of interaction between public authorities and the population. The aim of the study is to find ways to increase the effectiveness of public administration bodies through the use of event-marketing and event management technologies. The paper analyses the modern state of the theory and practice of event management in the activities of bodies of public administration. The emphasis is placed on finding of socio-economic determinants that contribute to the need to implement effective models of event-management in activities of government bodies and local self-government. It was determined that the use of event management logically reflects the content of the activities of public authorities in the information society. There is the combination of communicative functions and services for the modern system of public administration.The main prerequisites for the implementation of conceptions of events in the activities of the authorities are the population, the landmark authorities for consumer services as a full participant, relations in the sphere of power, an increase in demand for the combination of entertainment and social elements, the need to increase the population to overcome the political and social absenteeism.

Openness of public authority: issues of the conceptual and categorical framework

««Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Право» — международный научно-теоретический рецензируемый журнал, публикующий материалы в следующих рубриках: Публичное и частное право: прикладные исследования Криминология Криминалистика Судебная экспертиза Исследования права с позиций социальных и гуманитарных (неюридических) наук Правовая жизнь: научно-практические заключения, комментарии и обзоры Сравнительное право Зарубежное право