Activities In India Research Articles

British India, White Australia: Overseas Indians, intercolonial relations and the empire by Kama Maclean

Reviewed by: British India, White Australia: Overseas Indians, intercolonial relations and the empire by Kama Maclean Margaret Allen British India, White Australia: Overseas Indians, intercolonial relations and the empire By Kama Maclean. Sydney: UNSW Press, 2020. This volume sets out to write a history of relationships between India and Indians and Australia and Australians in the first half of the twentieth century, through the "framework of the [British] empire, and later the commonwealth." The period begins with the federation of the Australian colonies, based upon restrictive immigration policies directed, in part, at the Crown's Indian subjects. Federated Australia became a self-governing entity within the empire, while India was unable to progress to a similar position, remaining largely under direct British rule until the growing nationalist movement was able to effect independence in 1947. This study builds upon and makes a contribution to the small but growing literature on the histories of Indians resident in Australia during the heyday of the restrictive White Australia policy. But it does much more than that. The focus upon the "awkward triangular dynamic that developed between Britain, India and Australia in the early twentieth century" allows larger questions to be explored. Clearly the racially restrictive immigration policies were an important barrier to cordial relationships between these two very differently situated parts of the British Empire. Indeed Indians saw the White Australia policy as a "permanent characteristic of Australia." The British government was very critical of Australian racism, but Maclean argues for "the similarities between the White Australia policy and the White Man's Burden, the very premise of British imperialism in India." The British castigation of Australian racial thinking around immigration diverted attention from British rule in India. An important focus of this volume is upon political history and intercolonial/international relations but it also delves into popular culture and histories of representation. An exploration of the categorization of the naming practices of Indians in Australia reveals a litany of mostly derogatory terms: Hindoos, Asiatics, aliens, Natives, coolies, and Indians. Many of these were used on the Certificate Exempting the Dictation Test, an identity document which resident Indians needed to negotiate Australian entry ports. Maclean also traces the origins and meanings of the name "Charlie," often applied indiscriminately to Indian men resident in Australia, arguing it was a further manifestation of Indians being distanced by the Australian community. Politicians and press promoted an undesirable view of India and Indians which, along with the pervasiveness of works by Kipling and his ilk, served to maintain racial prejudices, but by delving into an archive of Australian family photographs, which included images of Indian hawkers, who were so often crucial to the rural communities they served, Maclean finds that some "individual Indian hawkers were able to transcend the stereotypes that were so dominant in the public sphere": their "acceptance" was both "limited and conditional." Maclean argues that as the nationalist movement built in the first decades of the twentieth century, Australian knowledge of India's hopes and aspirations was limited, especially as works expressing pro-Indian views including Palme Dutt's India Today (1940) were largely kept from the Australian public. The Australian public was fed a stream of pro-imperial propaganda as "the government of India continued to covertly influence global opinion about Gandhi and the Congress." Indeed even as Indian independence neared, the British were still intervening in the India-Australia relationship and even seeking to censure the speeches of India's first High Commissioner in Australia, R. Paranjpye. Maclean brings to light individuals such as Winston Burchett who sought to enlighten the Australian public. He attended the 1937 conference of the Indian National Congress, and hearing Nehru and other leaders speak, became committed to breaking through the veil of misinformation about India and to informing the Australian public about the nationalist movement and its aspirations. However, missing from this study is any discussion of Australian Christian missionary activity in India and such missionary influence on Australian views of India. India was a favoured field for Australian missionaries and many people and organizations formed long and deep associations with India and Indians. It is easy to see Christian missions merely as an arm of...

Judicial Activism in India

Judicial Activism in India

Judicial Activism in India: Not An Submission To Populism But To Safeguard Impartiality And Objectivity

Judicial Activism in India: Not An Submission To Populism But To Safeguard Impartiality And Objectivity

Unorganised beedi workers in India-problems, government policies and schemes: A review

The present study is made an attempt to analyze the specific problems faced by the beedi workers and to examine the legislative and policy frame work and Government Schemes for unorganized women beedi workers in India. Beedi rolling is one of the major unorganized sector activities in India, which employs a large number of women. As per the estimation of the India's Ministry of labour majority of them are home based women workers; creating alternative income and employment opportunities for them. For the study purpose, information is gathered from secondary sources such as research articles, websites, e-journals, other published reports and newspapers, etc.

Role of NGOs in Implementation of CSR Activities in India

Purpose: Corporate social responsibility is becoming a necessary component of doing business. India is the first country to establish a minimum wage for CSR initiatives aimed at improving the future. The Indian government has implemented new CSR criteria that require businesses to invest 2% of their net profit in such projects. CSR enables businesses to contribute to the betterment of society, the environment, and nature to achieve this goal. NGO's play an important role because they manage various financial assistance programs and assist businesses in achieving various goals. This study is mainly focused to know the contribution of CSR made the business organization toward inclusive growth and the reasons beyond the implementation on CSR by business organization. Methodology: Business organisations' contributions to inclusive growth through corporate social responsibility are examined in this study, as are the reasons for CSR's adoption by businesses. A case study is used to examine the role of non-profit organisations in the implementation of CSR activities. This study focuses on the role of non-governmental organisations in implementing CSR activities that benefit society by creating a systematic framework. Findings: The paper finds that majority of the organizations are conscious of the concept of Corporate Responsibility, which means most of the organizations they are responsible for society. Practical Implications: This study implies that CSR is based on the profit and need of society. Building strong public-private partnerships and working closely with nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) as implementation partners is accomplished through company’s collaborative methods by organizations and various NGOs at the ground level are needed to develop which is beyond micro-credit to increase women's endowments and improve their trade outcomes vis-a-vis the family markets state and community. Originality/Value: These findings have been made based on available secondary data and have identified the role played by non-governmental organisations in the implementation of CSR activities, as well as how their priorities and focus shifted towards developing society. This paper also outlines the evolution and advancements of CSR activities Paper Type: Conceptual Research.

Classical Indian Philosophy: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps by Peter Adamson and Jonardon Ganeri

Reviewed by: Classical Indian Philosophy: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps by Peter Adamson and Jonardon Ganeri Joerg Tuske (bio) Classical Indian Philosophy: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps. Volume 5. By Peter Adamson and Jonardon Ganeri. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. xxiv + 397. Hardcover $32.95, ISBN 978-0-19-885176-9. "I cannot recommend this book highly enough!" Is this statement true or have I succeeded in lavishing enough praise on this book by writing this statement, making this statement in fact false? This is one way in which Adamson and Ganeri explain the view of the Buddhist philosopher Nāgārjuna that everything is empty. (However, humble as they are, they use the movies of Buster Keaton instead of their own book as an example.) Nāgārjuna has to defend himself against the objection that if everything is "empty" then this surely also applies to his own view. He famously argues that he does not have a thesis and provides the "silence" analogy, which I want to illustrate using my own example: if there is too much off-topic chatter in class and I want students to be quiet and pay attention I could shout "silence!" in order to create silence but of course my act of shouting itself is the opposite of silence. Nevertheless, it can bring about silence and Nāgārjuna claims that his view that everything is empty could be an instrument to make "Brahmanical (and other) dogmatists" aware of this. In Classical Indian Philosophy, the fifth volume of transcripts from the excellent podcast History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps, and the first to discuss philosophers with no direct connection to ancient Greece, Peter Adamson has teamed up with Jonardon Ganeri to provide a comprehensive, fascinating, and fun account of the history of philosophy on the Indian sub-continent up until the Buddhist philosopher Dignāga (c. 480–540 CE) with many glimpses of philosophical developments beyond Dignāga's time. (Listeners of the podcast series might know that Adamson is also collaborating with Chike Jeffers on a podcast series on Africana Philosophy, which I hope will eventually appear in book form as well.) Classical Indian Philosophy is divided into four parts: in the first part ("Origins") the authors provide an introduction to philosophy in India and then discuss the background to any philosophical activity in India, namely the Vedas, the Upaniṣads, the Mahābhārata (including a chapter on the Bhagavad-gītā) and the Buddha's teachings. The second part, entitled "The age of the sūtra," [End Page 1] gives a thorough overview of what is often called "the six orthodox schools" (Sāṃkhya, Yoga, Mīmāṃsā, Vedānta, Nyāya, Vaiśeṣika). Part three adds Buddhist and Jaina philosophy while part four ("Beyond ancient India") introduces miscellaneous topics, such as "The aesthetics of Rasa," "Tantra," two chapters on the (possible) influence of Indian philosophy on Greek, Islamic and later European thought, as well as a brief glimpse of philosophy after Dignāga. While my rendering of the outline of the book seems as if it could apply to any number of histories of Indian philosophy, there are several points that make this book stand out. Listeners of the podcast already know that the authors are not afraid to resort to the occasional pun in order to get a point across and I am happy to say that all of them (as far as I can tell) made it into the book version. With that in mind, I want to offer the cliché that Classical Indian Philosophy is a tour de force but what makes it stand out from traditional histories is that there is nothing forced about it. This is partly due to the fact that this book (as the previous volumes) is written as a series of podcasts. This makes for a much more engaging style than is found in standard accounts of the history of philosophy (Indian, European, or otherwise). Listeners of the first four seasons of the podcast or readers of the first volumes will be familiar with Adamson's frequent references to giraffes as contents of our beliefs...

Lights Out? COVID-19 Containment Policies and Economic Activity

This paper estimates how COVID-19 lockdown policies impacted economic activity. Using a difference-in-differences methodology, we establish the divergence of district-level nighttime light intensity, mobility and migration, as well as household-level income and consumption, across different containment zones across India. We find that nighttime light intensity was 9.3% lower in the post period (May to July 2020) for districts with the most severe restrictions, (which could imply between 12.4% and 18.6% lower GDP), and 1.5% lower for districts with intermediate restrictions, compared to districts with the least restrictions. The differences were largest in May during the graded lockdown, and slowly tapered in June and July. Lower household income and consumption are plausible channels for these results. Stricter containment measures had larger impacts in districts with greater population density, older residents, and more services employment. Our findings point to the role of pandemic containment policies on future economic growth and inequality.

WITHDRAWN: Sentiment and emotions extraction on teaching–learning from home (TLFH) and impact of online academic activities in India

This article has been withdrawn: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been withdrawn as part of the withdrawal of the Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Materials Science, Technology and Engineering (ICMSTE2K21). Subsequent to acceptance of these Proceedings papers by the responsible Guest Editors, Dr S. Sakthivel, Dr S. Karthikeyan and Dr I. A. Palani, several serious concerns arose regarding the integrity and veracity of the conference organisation and peer-review process. After a thorough investigation, the peer-review process was confirmed to fall beneath the high standards expected by Materials Today: Proceedings. The veracity of the conference also remains subject to serious doubt and therefore the entire Proceedings has been withdrawn in order to correct the scholarly record.

Women’s activism in India: Negotiating secularism and religion

In post-independence India secularism was almost taken for granted as a defining feature of the women?s movement with its rejection of the public expression of religious and caste identities. However, already by the 1980s, the assumption that gender could be used as a unifying factor was challenged, revealing that women from different social (class/caste) and religious backgrounds understand and sometime use their identities in ways that are not driven necessarily by some ideology (such as feminism or human rights), but by more immediate concerns and even opportunism. This realization opened up a debate about new strategies to tackle women?s activism, especially in light of aggressive political activism of some women associated with right-wing parties in India, which has clearly shattered the perception, held by some, of women as inherently peace-loving, whose gender identity would override their caste and religious belonging.

Relative Innovation Index: State of Patent Examination in India

For the second decade in the 21st Century, the encouraging steps taken to foster the innovation environment in India have started bearing fruits by way of the introduction of new indigenous technologies1 in the market, specifically in the area of generic medicines as well as in engineering sectors with automotive as a prime example.2 Several initiatives3 have been taken by the Government of India (GOI) to increase Research and Development (R&D) activity in India, for example, in providing tax holidays and exemptions have resulted in the development of indigenous technologies and increased patent filing. However, the prime concern now is to handle such a large number of patent applications and disposal of patent applications by the Indian Patent Offices. The author uses the empirical investigation to identify the motive of legal provisions in the Indian Patent Act, 1970 and employs a quantitative method of research to the data published by the Indian Patent. This paper evaluates the disposal mechanism in terms of a number of First Examination Reports (FERs) issued across various years by the Indian Patent Officeand gives a performance indicator on its working efficiency. The study gives an overview of the Patent Prosecution Procedure for the disposal of patents in India. Also, the paper studies the disposal of patent applications by the four regional Patent Offices in India. The paper would focus on analysing the disposal of patents and its impact on the global innovation index published by the WIPO.

Social Media Activities and Its Influence on Customer-Brand Relationship: An Empirical Study of Apparel Retailers’ Activity in India

In this digital era, the internet, and Social Media (SM) has had a radical impact on the shopping behavior of “costumers” The SM provides a platform where “costumers” are exposed to the best product with the best price along with reviews and opinions about the merchandise. So, we can turn our heads and look at a brand in a way as if the brand is speaking to us. This study was an attempt to explore the Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMA) that are being used for the marketing of fashionable products like apparel and to what level the SMMA activities of brands truly strengthen the relationship with customers and motivate purchase intention. Moreover, SMMA has a robust application in developing a marketing strategy for business. It has become a significant tool that collaborates with businesses and people. It is concluded that the “costumer”-brand relationship does have a positive and statistically significant impact on consumers’ purchase intention through SM.

Investment slowdown in India – an assessment

ABSTRACT The contraction of investment activity in India in 2019-20 has generated an anxious search for possible drag factors, both cyclical and structural. This paper finds statistically significant sensitivity of investment activity in India to changes in interest rates. It highlights that the extent to which lower interest rates could be ensured through monetary policy to stimulate investment activity is bounded by constraints. Lower interest rates to spur investment activity that involves tolerance of higher inflation relative to the inflation target becomes particularly ineffective and counterproductive.

Judicial Activism in India: Limitations and Policy

Judicial Activism in India: Limitations and Policy

India’s Economy under Pressure from COVID-19

The article examines the negative changes in the Indian economy since the beginning of 2020 under the pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures to overcome them. The increase in the number of cases, the introduction of quarantine led to a rapid reduction in production, mass unemployment, and a decrease in the country’s GDP. In the current emergency conditions, it became an objective necessity to increase the impact on the situation of the nation state in various forms. It took dramatic changes in the economic policy of India of the previous period, when the position of private entrepreneurship was significantly strengthened, especially in industry and services. The COVID-19 pandemic forced the government of the country, led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, to tackle the primary challenge - to keep the country from sliding into total prolonged stagnation and at the same time to support a multimillion poverty-stricken population. The main method of the government was the policy of financial saturation of the economy through direct financial injections, as well as the direct distribution of money and food in kind among the poor. The collapse of economic activity in India in the first half of 2020 was replaced in the third quarter of this year by signs of some economic recovery. For India, according to UNCTAD, in 2021, the opportunity to attract significant foreign investment from the leading countries of the world, interested in expanding their positions in its huge domestic market, is increasing. In the context of the pandemic, India’s role in revitalizing, at the initiative of N. Modi, political and economic contacts in South Asia between SAARC members became especially significant.

Examining the economic impact of COVID-19 in India through daily electricity consumption and nighttime light intensity.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted economic activity in India. Adjusting policies to contain transmission while mitigating the economic impact requires an assessment of the economic situation in near real-time and at high spatial granularity. This paper shows that daily electricity consumption and monthly nighttime light intensity can proxy for economic activity in India. Energy consumption is compared with the predictions of a consumption model that explains 90 percent of the variation in normal times. Energy consumption declined strongly after a national lockdown was implemented on March 25, 2020 and remained a quarter below normal levels throughout April. It recovered subsequently, but electricity consumption remained lower even in September. Not all states and union territories have been affected equally. While electricity consumption halved in some, it declined very little in others. Part of the heterogeneity is explained by the prevalence of COVID-19 infections, the share of manufacturing, and return migration. During the national lockdown, higher COVID-19 infection rates at the district level were associated with larger declines in nighttime light intensity. Without effectively reducing the risk of a COVID-19 infection, voluntary reductions of mobility will hence prevent a return to full economic potential even when restrictions are relaxed. Together, daily electricity consumption and nighttime light intensity allow monitoring economic activity in near real-time and high spatial granularity.

Impact of climate change on various agricultural activities in India

Climate change is one of the biggest environmental challenges in all Countries in the world. Climate change refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or/and as a result of human activity. It has become a major concern to society because of its potentially adverse impacts worldwide. There are already increasing concerns globally regarding changes in climate that are threatening to transform the livelihoods of the vulnerable population segments. Any adverse impacts on these natural resources will have repercussion on the nation’s livelihood security and economy and widen the gap between the rich and the poor. Scientists predicted that climate will have the main impact on agriculture, economy and livelihood of the populations of developing countries and India is one of them, where large parts of the population depends on climate sensitive sectors like agriculture and forestry for livelihood by adversely affecting freshwater availability and quality, biodiversity and desertification, climate change tends to disproportionately affect the poorest in the society, exacerbating inequities. Impact of climate change on agriculture could result in problems like food security and may threaten the livelihood activities upon which much of the population depend. Climate change can affect crop yield (both positively and negatively), as well as the types of crops that can be grown in certain areas, by impacting agricultural inputs such as water for irrigation, amount of solar radiation that affect plant growth as well as the prevalence of pests.

Segments Associated with the Discernment of Risk and Information of Contracting the 2019-nCoV in India

This examination explored hazard discernment and mindfulness among India grown-up members about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Two self-managed online studies were led on 1000 respondents (320 and 680 members, individually) during the lockdown time frame in India at two separate time focuses from 26-31 March 2020 (early lockdown) and 11-16 May 2020 (late lockdown) by means of internet based life. Univariate and numerous straight relapse models were utilized to look in danger observation and information related elements toward COVID-19. Scores of mean information (8.4 versus 8.0, P=0.021) and impression of hazard (11.2 versus 9.4, P < 0.001) vary altogether among right on time and late lockdown. There was a huge reduction in saw hazard scores for contracting 2019-nCoV [β=-0.83, 95%CI: - 1.29, - 0.29], while information around 2019-nCoV diminished yet not critical [β=-0.21, 95%CI: - 0.45, 0.02] in late lockdown contrasted and early lockdown period. High rehearsed isolate and isolated in line with general wellbeing specialists during COVID-19 were regular variables related with expanded apparent hazard and information on contracting 2019-nCoV. Any activity in India to raise open information and comprehension of COVID-19 would then organize male who have performed low isolate and are less worried about the transmission of this sort of pathogen.

How do we improve adolescent diet and physical activity in India and sub-Saharan Africa? Findings from the Transforming Adolescent Lives through Nutrition (TALENT) consortium.

Adolescent diet, physical activity and nutritional status are generally known to be sub-optimal. This is an introduction to a special issue of papers devoted to exploring factors affecting diet and physical activity in adolescents, including food insecure and vulnerable groups. Eight settings including urban, peri-urban and rural across sites from five different low- and middle-income countries. Focus groups with adolescents and caregivers carried out by trained researchers. Our results show that adolescents, even in poor settings, know about healthy diet and lifestyles. They want to have energy, feel happy, look good and live longer, but their desire for autonomy, a need to 'belong' in their peer group, plus vulnerability to marketing exploiting their aspirations, leads them to make unhealthy choices. They describe significant gender, culture and context-specific barriers. For example, urban adolescents had easy access to energy dense, unhealthy foods bought outside the home, whereas junk foods were only beginning to permeate rural sites. Among adolescents in Indian sites, pressure to excel in exams meant that academic studies were squeezing out physical activity time. Interventions to improve adolescents' diets and physical activity levels must therefore address structural and environmental issues and influences in their homes and schools, since it is clear that their food and activity choices are the product of an interacting complex of factors. In the next phase of work, the Transforming Adolescent Lives through Nutrition consortium will employ groups of adolescents, caregivers and local stakeholders in each site to develop interventions to improve adolescent nutritional status.

Macroeconomic transmission of Eurozone shocks to India—A mean-adjusted Bayesian VAR approach

This paper analyzes the macroeconomic transmission of Eurozone shocks to an emerging economy — India using the mean-adjusted Bayesian Vector Autoregressive (BVAR) model. In its quantitative exploration, the study answers two key issues: (i) is there any evidence of decoupling from advanced economy business cycles? And (ii) what was the impact of the Eurozone recession on the growth performance of India? The findings suggest that Eurozone idiosyncratic shocks, on average, had large effects on economic activity in India. The variation explained by the innovations generated by the BVAR model range from 1.8 percent to 3.6 percent in the 1–12 quarter horizon. The main results are supported by the empirical estimations of the Wavelet analysis. The estimated output elasticities suggest that the Eurozone recession had a significant negative impact on India. The implication is that well-balanced diversity in the productive structure of emerging economies, particularly India, can diffuse the transmission of macroeconomic shocks from the advanced economies.

JeremyRinker. Identity, Rights, and Awareness: Anticaste Activism in India and the Awakening of Justice through Discursive Practices. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2018.

JeremyRinker. Identity, Rights, and Awareness: Anticaste Activism in India and the Awakening of Justice through Discursive Practices. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2018.