Active Stage Research Articles

Latihan Foot Massagese bagai penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Desa Sukamulya

Introduction: Hypertension is a silent disease because people do not know they have hypertension before checking their blood pressure. The incidence of hypertension reaches 9.4 million deaths worldwide every year, the number of hypertension sufferers will continue to increase sharply and it is predicted that by 2025 around 29% of adults worldwide will suffer from hypertension. Objective: This service aims to train foot massage for hypertensive patients in an effort to reduce blood pressure Method: used in this activity uses several methods and stages consisting of the preparation stage and the activity stage. The preparation stage consists of preliminary studies, coordination with partners as well as preparation of the location and supporting media. The activity stage consists of pre-testing participants, taking blood pressure measurements Result: Based on the results of the training, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge with an average increase in post-test results of 17.2 with the highest score in the post-test being 100. Conclusion: There was a decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive patients after the intervention with an average decrease in respondents' blood pressure of 10 mmHg

Career management, Employee Retention

The development and growth of a company depends on quality human resources which can be obtained through employee training and development programs. Employee development is the target of training so that employees will be competent in carrying out their duties and can improve employees' skills, knowledge and experience in their work so that they can support their careers in the future. Career is a basic need for employees to gain social recognition in the family and economy. A career consists of all the jobs a person holds during his or her work. Some employees' work is part of a plan. Career management is the process of managing an employee's career which includes the stages of career planning activities, career development and counseling, as well as career decision making. Organizations can also support employees by creating an environment that enables growth and development amidst rapid change.

Identification and comparison of intestinal microbial diversity in patients at different stages of hepatic cystic echinococcosis

There is a significant focus on the role of the host microbiome in different outcomes of human parasitic diseases, including cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study was conducted to identify the intestinal microbiome of patients with CE at different stages of hydatid cyst compared to healthy individuals. Stool samples from CE patients as well as healthy individuals were collected. The samples were divided into three groups representing various stages of hepatic hydatid cyst: active (CE1 and CE2), transitional (CE3), and inactive (CE4 and CE5). One family member from each group was selected to serve as a control. The gut microbiome of patients with different stages of hydatid cysts was investigated using metagenomic next-generation amplicon sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In this study, we identified 4862 Operational Taxonomic Units from three stages of hydatid cysts in CE patients and healthy individuals with a combined frequency of 2,955,291. The most abundant genera observed in all the subjects were Blautia, Agathobacter, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella. The highest microbial frequency was related to inactive forms of CE, and the lowest frequency was observed in the group with active forms. However, the lowest OTU diversity was found in patients with inactive cysts compared with those with active and transitional cyst stages. The genus Agatobacter had the highest OTU frequency. Pseudomonas, Gemella, and Ligilactobacillus showed significant differences among the patients with different stages of hydatid cysts. Additionally, Anaerostipes and Candidatus showed significantly different reads in CE patients compared to healthy individuals. Our findings indicate that several bacterial genera can play a role in the fate of hydatid cysts in patients at different stages of the disease.

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Tentang Penyakit Hipertensi Pada Lansia

Introduction: Based on data on the prevalence of hypertension in Tasikmalaya Regency in 2021, Most of the hypertension found in the elderly is isolated systolic blood pressure (HST), increased systolic pressure results in a high probability of stroke and myocardial infarction even if the diastolic pressure is within normal limits. Research shows that hypertension occupies 89% of cases of patients aged 45 to 80 years. The presence of hypertension, either HST or a combination of systolic and diastolic is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality for the elderly. Hypertension is still the biggest risk factor for a number of diseases, such as stroke, heart failure, coronary disease, where its role is estimated to be greater than in people who are younger. The purpose of this community service is for the elderly to understand more about hypertension. Objective: Participants in this activity totaled 41 people with an age range of 45 to 80 years Method: This community service goes through several methods and stages consisting of the preparation stage and the activity stage Result: Based on the results of the training, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge with an average increase in post-test results of 16.5 with the highest score in the post-test being 100. Conclusion: Based on community service, after initial treatment, namely by providing pharmacological treatment and non-pharmacological treatment, namely that after being given education, the number increased significantly. Continuous education is carried out to remind that hypertension is a chronic disease that results in complications and requires adherence to diet and drug management as well as changes in lifestyle that are carried out throughout his age.

Improving the planning and accounting of material costs for the repair and maintenance needs of an industrial enterprise

The optimal use of material resources is an essential factor in ensuring the profitability of the business of an enterprise in the real sector of the economy. An essential part of the system of material resources of an industrial enterprise is the material costs of repair and maintenance needs. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to structure the information space with a high level of transparency and improve the quality of tools for operational planning and accounting of these expenses of an industrial enterprise at all stages of production activity; The tasks include the development of a model for improving operational planning of the need for these resources for repairs, maintenance and operation of production equipment in the context of production orders and operational accounting, including the preparation of management reports on the implementation of planned plans. The research used methods of systematic and situationally oriented analysis; collection, accumulation and systematization of information about economic activity; economic analysis; classification; aggregation; reduction; generalization; graphical visualization of data; comparison; process approach.

A self-growing “Polysulfide-Phobic” interface constructed by in-situ gelation of organic bentonite interlayer to suppress shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries

The shuttle effect of polysulfides hinders the long-term operation of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). As the secondary current collector, the conductive interlayer can achieve induced fixation of polysulfide within a certain range, but the mechanism of action is limited by bearing saturation of the interlayer on polysulfide. In this work, the limited gelation of organic bentonite (OB) in the electrolyte is utilized to construct an in-situ gel-type physical barrier. During the initial discharge activation stage, the gel layer gradually evolves into a "Polysulfide-Phobic" repulsive layer by trapping free Lithium-polysulfides (LiPSs). Due to the strong repulsion between the "Polysulfide-Phobic" layer and free polysulfide anions, the spatial distribution of LiPSs in the positive electrode region is changed. In addition, the physical barrier effect of the gel interlayer and the chemisorbed action on LiPSs ensure the stability of the "Polysulfide-Phobic" layer during the discharge stage, while the low electronic conductivity avoids the risk of oxidation decomposition of the interface during the charging stage, which is verified by in-situ Raman. The Cells with OB interlayers show excellent cycle stability (515.5 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles) under high loading conditions (5 mg cm−2, E/S ≈ 7.5 μL mg−1). This strategy of sacrificing initial efficiency to build an electrostatic repulsion layer in exchange for long-term stability is profitable, providing a new approach to addressing the shuttle effect.

Effect of neonicotinoid and fungicide strobilurin in neotropical solitary bee Centris analis

The indiscriminate use of pesticides is one of the factors directly impacting bee populations. However, limited information is available on the pesticide effects on solitary bees, especially in Neotropical countries. In this scenario, this study evaluated the survival and histopathological effects caused by the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid (7 ng/μL) and the fungicide azoxystrobin (10 ng/μL) in the midgut and parietal fat body of the solitary bee Centris analis. Female and male newly-emerged bees were orally exposed for 48 h to the pesticides, or alone or in combination, under laboratory conditions. The exposure to the insecticide reduced the survival of males, while the mixture reduced survival in both sexes. Acetamiprid promoted a reduction in the number of regenerative nests in the midgut, alterations of fat body cells by increasing carbohydrates in trophocytes, and reduction of oenocyte size, and increased the frequency of pericardial cells in the advanced activity stage. Both pesticides caused changes in HSP70 immunolabelling of midgut from males at the end of pesticide exposure. Comparatively, the effects on males were stronger than in females exposed to the same pesticides. Therefore, acetamiprid alone and in mixture with fungicide azoxystrobin can be harmful to males and females of Neotropical solitary bee C. analis showing lethal and sublethal effects at a concentration likely to be found in the environment.

Portraits of scientists. Volya Georgievna Artamonova, RAS academician

The article presents the autobiography data and the main stages of the scientific activity of Volya Georgievna Artamonova, the Soviet and Russian occupational pathologist and general practitioner, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2013, member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences since 1999), honored scientist of the RSFSR (1991).

Functionalized Polymeric Micelles for Targeted Cancer Therapy: Steps from Conceptualization to Clinical Trials.

Cancer is still ranked among the top three causes of death in the 30- to 69-year-old age group in most countries and carries considerable societal and macroeconomic costs that differ depending on the cancer type, geography, and patient gender. Despite advances in several pharmacological approaches, the lack of stability and specificity, dose-related toxicity, and limited bioavailability of chemotherapy (standard therapy) pose major obstacles in cancer treatment, with multidrug resistance being a driving factor in chemotherapy failure. The past three decades have been the stage for intense research activity on the topic of nanomedicine, which has resulted in many nanotherapeutics with reduced toxicity, increased bioavailability, and improved pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy employing smart drug delivery systems (SDDSs). Polymeric micelles (PMs) have become an auspicious DDS for medicinal compounds, being used to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs that also exhibit substantial toxicity. Through preclinical animal testing, PMs improved pharmacokinetic profiles and increased efficacy, resulting in a higher safety profile for therapeutic drugs. This review focuses on PMs that are already in clinical trials, traveling the pathways from preclinical to clinical studies until introduction to the market.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance reveals myocardial involvement in patients with active stage of inflammatory bowel disease.

Active inflammatory bowel disease (A-IBD) but not remission (R-IBD) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure. Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), this study aims to assess adverse myocardial remodeling in patients with IBD in correlation with disease activity. Forty-four IBD patients without cardiovascular disease (24 female, median-age: 39.5years, 26 A-IBD, 18 R-IBD) and 44 matched healthy volunteers (HV) were prospectively enrolled. The disease stage was determined by endoscopic and patient-reported criteria. Participants underwent CMR for cardiac phenotyping: cine imaging and strain analysis were performed to assess ventricular function. T1 mapping, extracellular volume and late-gadolinium enhanced images were obtained to assess focal and diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Simultaneous T1 and T2 elevation (T1 > 1049.3ms, T2 > 54ms) was considered to indicate a myocardial segment was inflamed. 16/44 (16.4%) IBD patients described dyspnea on exertion and 10/44 (22.7%) reported chest pain. A-IBD patients showed impaired ventricular function, indicated by reduced global circumferential and radial strain despite preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction. 16% of all IBD patients had focal fibrosis in a non-ischemic pattern. A-IDB patients had increased markers of diffuse left ventricular fibrosis (T1-values: A-IBD: 1022.0 ± 34.83ms, R-IBD: 1010.10 ± 32.88ms, HV: 990.61 ± 29.35ms, p < .01). Significantly more participants with A-IDB (8/26, 30.8%) had at least one inflamed myocardial segment than patients in remission (0/18) and HV (1/44, 2.3%, p < .01). Markers of diffuse fibrosis correlated with disease activity. This study, using CMR, provides evidence of myocardial involvement and patterns of adverse left ventricular remodeling in patients with IBD. ISRCTN30941346.

Intensities of the hydrogen Balmer lines of solar-like stars revealed by the LAMOST spectroscopic surveys

The intensities of the hydrogen Balmer lines of solar-like stars are investigated for stellar chromospheric activity by using the co-source spectral data of the LAMOST Low-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey (LRS) and Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey (MRS). The Balmer Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document}, Hβ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta$$\\end{document}, Hγ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\gamma$$\\end{document}, and Hδ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\delta$$\\end{document} lines in the LRS data and the Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document} line in the MRS data are analyzed. The absolute flux indexes, defined as the ratios of the absolute fluxes at the centers of the Balmer lines to the stellar bolometric flux, are employed to indicate the intensity magnitudes of the Balmer lines in response to stellar activity. The Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document} indexes derived from the LRS data and the MRS data, respectively, are calibrated to be quantitatively consistent with each other. It is found that, as the Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document} index increases, the Hβ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta$$\\end{document}, Hγ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\gamma$$\\end{document}, and Hδ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\delta$$\\end{document} indexes first present trend of increasing and then decreasing, and finally increase synchronously with the Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document} index. The distributions of the Balmer line indexes also reveal the three distinct stages of stellar activity (normal stage, intense stage, and extremely intense stage), in which the extremely intense stage is characterized by the synchronous growth of the indexes of the four Balmer lines. The different behaviors of the Hβ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta$$\\end{document}, Hγ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\gamma$$\\end{document}, and Hδ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\delta$$\\end{document} lines from that of the Hα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha$$\\end{document} line can be interpreted by the different mechanisms by which the line-core intensities are formed, and the three distinct activity stages imply the very different magnetic field environments and physical conditions of solar-like stars.

Formation of hydrothermal ferromanganese oxides in the Daini-Nishi-Yamato Seamount, Sea of Japan: Do they really contain critical-metal particles?

In submarine environments, ferromanganese (Fe–Mn) oxides are formed via various processes. Although hydrothermal Fe–Mn oxides are generally valueless as mineral resources because of their low critical metal content, they reflect temporal changes in hydrothermal activity. Metal particles, including native metals, have been observed in hydrothermal Fe–Mn oxides and associated igneous rocks that are extensively distributed in the Sea of Japan. This finding can have significant implications for metal transport in submarine hydrothermal systems. However, the existence of these metal particles requires verification because their thermodynamic coexistence with Mn oxides is challenging and has only been reported by one research team. Here, we show the growth structure and geochemistry of hydrothermal Fe–Mn oxides and volcanic rocks from the Daini-Nishi-Yamato Seamount in the Sea of Japan. The chemical and Nd–Sr isotopic compositions of the volcanic rock indicated that the Daini-Nishi-Yamato Seamount formed through magmatism after back-arc spreading in the Yamato Basin at 10–17 Ma. The hydrothermal Fe–Mn oxides consisted of Ti-rich layers that formed earlier and Ti-poor layers that formed later. The Ti-rich layers precipitated from Ti-rich hydrothermal fluids because of water–rock interactions at higher temperatures during the early stages of hydrothermal activity. During the late stages of hydrothermal activity, Ti-poor layers formed, likely because of a decrease in the temperature of the water–rock interactions and/or the depletion of Ti in the host rocks. However, unlike in previous studies, metal particles such as Ag and rare earth elements were not detected in our samples, which were impregnated with resin to prevent contamination during the polishing process. These results strongly suggest that the metal particles reported in the previous studies were contaminants.

Application of artificial intelligence technology in monitoring students' health: Preliminary results of Syiah Kuala Integrated Medical Monitoring (SKIMM).

Health promoting university is a holistic approach to health that uses higher education settings to create a learning environment that improves the health and well-being of the campus community in a sustainable manner. The utilization of technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) could be one of the main success factors in the implementation of health-promoting universities to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of all stages of activities carried out in health promotion and prevention efforts. Integrated monitoring with the utilization of AI in this program is conducted to evaluate the health status of the students. The Syiah Kuala Integrated Medical Monitoring (SKIMM) has three components of continuous health status evaluation: vital signs, nutritional status, and burnout status. Health status monitoring was conducted continuously for three months among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This system uses the WhatsApp application as a platform to monitor health status. Student health monitoring in this program consists of two main activities: the health measurement phase and the health monitoring phase. The use of the SKIMM system to monitor students' vital signs, nutritional status and burnout status through the use of AI significantly raises students' awareness to conduct timely self-examination and enables sustainable healthy lifestyle behavior change. The adoption of AI technology allows for continuous health promotion to the entire academic community, including students in implementing the health promoting university.

“They don't have the luxury of time”: interviews exploring the determinants of public health research activity that contextualise embedded researcher roles in local government

BackgroundEmbedded researchers are a novel intervention to improve the translation of research evidence into policy and practice settings, including public health. These roles are being implemented with increasing popularity, but they often lack clear evaluative frameworks. Understanding initial levels of research activity, including associated barriers and opportunities, is essential to developing theories of change and thus shaping the roles and defining expectations. We aimed to identify the principal determinants of research activity in public health that contextualise embedded researcher roles, including attributes of the embedded researcher themselves.MethodsWe undertook seventeen semi-structured interviews with embedded researchers in diverse public health settings in English local government. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified thirteen interlinked determinants of research activity within local government public health settings. Research and interpersonal skills, as well as pre-existing connections and knowledge within local government, were highly valued individual attributes for embedded researchers. Resource deficiencies (funding, time, and infrastructure) were primary barriers to research activity, whereas a strong local appetite for evidence informed decision making presented a valuable opportunity. However, there was inconsistencies across public health teams relating to perceptions of what constituted “research” and the resources that would be required.ConclusionsOur results suggest that successful embedded researchers will have equally strong research and communication skills and should be offered mentorship and clear career progression pathways. Perceptions of research within local government are closely linked to resource deficiencies and senior endorsement. Embedded researchers could benefit from taking the time to develop locally contextualised knowledge of this research culture. Theories of change for embedded researchers should conceptualise the interconnections across individual, interpersonal, and organisational barriers and opportunities underlying local government research activity. Further research is needed to identify methods for exploring the influence of embedded researchers as well as to unpack the stages of research activity within local government and the associated behaviours.

Utilizing Machine Learning Algorithms for the Development of Gully Erosion Susceptibility Maps: Evidence from the Chotanagpur Plateau Region, India

Gully erosion is a serious environmental threat, compromising soil health, damaging agricultural lands, and destroying vital infrastructure. Pinpointing regions prone to gully erosion demands careful selection of an appropriate machine learning algorithm. This choice is crucial, as the complex interplay of various environmental factors contributing to gully formation requires a nuanced analytical approach. To develop the most accurate Gully Erosion Susceptibility Map (GESM) for India’s Raiboni River basin, researchers harnessed the power of two cutting-edge machine learning algorithm: Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest (RF). For a comprehensive analysis, this study integrated 24 potential control factors. We meticulously investigated a dataset of 200 samples, ensuring an even balance between non-gullied and gullied locations. To assess multicollinearity among the 24 variables, we employed two techniques: the Information Gain Ratio (IGR) test and Variance Inflation Factors (VIF). Elevation, land use, river proximity, and rainfall most influenced the basin’s GESM. Rigorous tests validated XGBoost and RF model performance. XGBoost surpassed RF (ROC 86% vs. 83.1%). Quantile classification yielded a GESM with five levels: very high to very low. Our findings reveal that roughly 12% of the basin area is severely affected by gully erosion. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted interventions in these highly susceptible areas. Furthermore, our analysis of gully characteristics unveiled a predominance of V-shaped gullies, likely in an active developmental stage, supported by an average Shape Index (SI) value of 0.26 and a mean Erosivness Index (EI) of 0.33. This research demonstrates the potential of machine learning to pinpoint areas susceptible to gully erosion. By providing these valuable insights, policymakers can make informed decisions regarding sustainable land management practices.

Газоциклические процессы химико-термической обработки: регулирование строения азотированного слоя в железе и сталях

The relevance of the research is determined by the needs of mechanical engineering in the development of inexpensive and effective technologies for surface hardening of steel products, which include gas nitride hardening. The aim of the work is to study the effect of nitride hardening in the gas-cyclic regime on the kinetics of growth of diffuse layers and their phase composition in case of iron and steel: ChWMn tool steel and corrosion-resistant maraging steel 03Ch11Ni10Mo2Ti (WSTST17). In addition to isothermal processes (at 520 ℃ and 620 ℃), processes with temperature changes at active and passive stages (thermal cycling 520 ℃ / 620 ℃) have been studied. It has been found that gas and thermal cycling significantly increases the thickness of the diffusion layer in iron compared to traditional nitride hardening in ammonia, and this is mainly due to the growth of the internal nitriding zone. Processes with multitime repeat short half-cycles, which end in an active saturation stage in ammonia and contribute to the formation of a developed nitride zone. The formation of surface layers in iron without an ε -phase occurs in two-stage processes with a final passive stage. It is shown that thermo-gas cyclic processes provide a multiple increase in the thickness of the internal nitriding zone in ChWMn steel. Processes with a duration of half cycles of 1 and 1,5 hours with the final stage of denitration contribute to the predominance of the γ' phase in the carbonitride zone, which explains the increase in wear resistance. A thermal gascyclic process of 530 ℃ / 580 ℃ in a pulsating ammonia-air mixture with a final passive stage is used to form a junction zone based on the γ'- phase in steel 03Ch11Ni10Mo2Ti (WSTST17).

Rapid early afterslip characteristics of the 2010 moment magnitude (Mw) 8.8 Maule earthquake determined with sub-daily GPS solutions

Ground surface deformations can be observed during the coseismic and postseismic periods. The accurate determination of displacements is of paramount importance for the assessment of the destructive power of large earthquakes and the characterization of fault behaviors. Therefore, we employ the sub-daily Global Positioning System (GPS) solutions at 19 GPS stations to determine the coseismic and postseismic deformations of the 2010 moment magnitude (Mw) 8.8 Maule earthquake. Using sub-daily GPS data, we can accurately measure both coseismic and early postseismic deformation signals, which can precisely identify the distribution of coseismic slip and the spatiotemporal evolution of early afterslip within the first 36 h. In particular, the sub-daily solution can provide more accurate and quicker results, nearly 10% smaller than those with the daily solution. Furthermore, there is significant ground motion in the immediate postseismic period, which decreases rapidly thereafter. The largest postseismic deformation observed during the first 2 h occurred at station CONZ and amounted to 3.6 cm. During the immediate postseismic period of the 2010 Maule earthquake, afterslip is the dominant mechanism, while poroelasticity plays a negligible role within the first 36 h. Meanwhile, early aftershocks tend to occur in the boundary and the inner part of the afterslip, indicating that the afterslip has the potential to drive the occurrence of aftershocks in the initial stages of postseismic activity.

Pendidikan Islam Moderat di Pondok Pesantren Tanbihul Ghofiliin Banjarnegara

This study aims to explore the practice of moderate Islamic education in pesantren. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The primary data sources come from interviews with the Kiai, the head of pesantren, the education section, and the board of supervisors of the pesantren management. This study's results indicate that moderate Islamic education in Islamic boarding schools refers to the teachings of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah. The practice begins with the planning stage of activities and learning. This planning is the basis for moderate Islamic education by learning yellow books (kitab kuning) and various educational activities and cultures. In these activities, the values ​​and insights of Islamic moderation are internalized through insertion patterns. Pesantren has also collaborated with various parties outside the pesantren in socializing insights oriented towards moderate Islam. The experts presented are Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah scholars who have moderate views.

MANAJEMEN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK (TK) KARTINI SELOLEMBU BONDOWOSO

Abstrak School education is one of the important things for the progress of the nation and State. Advanced schools and students also lie in teachers and principals, so with this the principal as a leader must be able to direct well so that it is far from existing problems. Therefore, good and good management for school principals towards improving teachers is very important. The research used is qualitative or field. The results showed that: 1) Principal Management in improving teacher performance in TK Kartini, namely, covering 4 stages of activities, namely: a) planning b) organizing c) implementation d) supervision. 2) The Management Model applied by the Principal in improving teacher performance is: a) Providing examples to teachers, by fostering good personal relationships, b) Assisting teachers in solving the problems they face, c) Appreciating the strengths and weaknesses of teachers and helping them through counseling, d) Providing provisions in encouraging the strengths, interests, and abilities of teacher members in carrying out duties, e) Emphasize democratic approaches in the formulation of goals and regulations.

Evaluating predictive equations for energy requirements throughout breast cancer trajectory: A comparative study

Background & AimsAccurately estimating resting energy requirements is crucial for optimizing energy intake, particularly in the context of patients with varying energy needs, such as individuals with cancer. We sought to evaluate the agreement between resting energy expenditure (REE) predicted by 40 equations and that measured by reference methods in women undergoing active breast cancer treatment stage (I-IV) and post-completion (i.e., survivors). MethodsData from 4 studies were combined. REE values estimated from 40 predictive equations identified by a systematic search were compared with REE assessed by indirect calorimetry (IC) using a metabolic cart (MC-REE N=46) or a whole-room indirect calorimeter (WRIC-REE N=44). Agreement between methods was evaluated using Bland-Altman and Lin's concordance coefficient correlation (Lin's CCC). Results90 participants (24 % survivors, 61.1% had early-stage breast cancer I or II, mean age: 56.8 ± 11 years; body mass index: 28.7 ± 6.4 kg/m2) were included in this analysis. Mean MC-REE and WRIC-REE values were 1389 ± 199 kcal/day and 1506 ± 247 kcal/day, respectively. Limits of agreement were wide for all equations compared to both MC and WRIC (∼ 300kcal for both methods), including the most commonly used ones, such as Harris-Benedict and Mifflin ST. Jeor equations; none had a bias within ±10% of measured REE, and all had low agreement per Lin's CCC analysis (< 0.90). The Korth equation exhibited the best performance against WRIC and the Lvingston-Kohlstadt equation against MC. Similar patterns of bias were observed between survivors and patients and between patients with stages I-III versus IV cancer. ConclusionMost equations failed to accurately predict REE at the group level, and none were effective at the individual level. This inaccuracy has significant implications for women with or surviving breast cancer, who may experience weight gain, maintenance, or loss due to inaccurate energy needs estimations. Therefore, our research underscores the need for further efforts to improve REE estimation.