Action Questionnaire Research Articles

Predictive Model of Anxiety and Depression Perception in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Possible Implications for Clinical Treatment.

To establish a predictive model for the presence of anxiety and depression in MS patients, based on variables such as psychological well-being, functional activity, and prefrontal symptoms. Additionally, this study aimed to propose non-pharmacological therapeutic alternatives based on this model. A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 64 diagnosed MS patients who underwent functional and cognitive assessments using the following questionnaires and scales: Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), Experiences Questionnaire (EQ), Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI). The model showed an excellent fit to the data and indicated that psychological well-being was the most significant predictor of the criteria (β = -0.83), followed by functional activity (β = -0.18) and prefrontal symptoms (β = 0.15). The latter two are negatively related to psychological well-being (β = -0.16 and β = -0.75, respectively). Low psychological well-being is the variable that most significantly predicts the presence of anxiety and depression in MS patients, followed by functional activity and prefrontal alterations. Interventions based on mindfulness and acceptance are recommended, along with nutritional interventions such as antioxidant-enriched ketogenic diets and moderate group physical exercise.

Index of healthy eating and emotional eating in relation to psychological inflexibility in dance students

Dance places significant physical and cognitive demands on both students and professionals. These demands increase dancers’ susceptibility to a variety of problems. Between them, the prevalence of eating disorders in dancers of various dance genres is significant. In this context, emotional eating is a common problem among people struggling with weight issues. On the other hand, a construct that has been shown to be relevant is Psychological inflexibility. Psychological flexibility refers to the possibility of fully embracing unpleasant private events in the present, without attempting to modify them. The aim of this paper is to determine the different components of emotional eating and the healthy eating index as a function of psychological inflexibility in dance students. This was a cross-sectional study using non-probabilistic sampling. One hundred fourteen dance students enrolled in conservatories or dance schools participated in the study. Evaluations were conducted using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Healthy Eating Index for the Spanish population, and the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire. Data were collected in person and online format. No differences in psychological inflexibility were observed between men and women. While women showed greater utilization of food to regulate emotions, they did not differ from men in scores on the healthy eating index. Students with high psychological inflexibility reported greater utilization of food as a regulator of emotions. No differences were found in healthy eating according to psychological inflexibility. It is recommended to transform dance conservatories into healthy spaces by promoting habits that facilitate students’ well-being. Faculties can help in the pursuit of excellence by aligning performance goals with research findings and improving holistic care.

Psychometric properties of the Malay version of the Illness Cognition Questionnaire among cancer patients in Malaysia

ObjectiveThe Illness Cognition Questionnaire (ICQ) was translated from its original English version to the Malay version for this research, adapted the Malay language version of the ICQ (ICQ-M) for use in cancer patients, and assessed the internal consistency, content, face, construct, convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity of the ICQ-M among a cohort of cancer patients with mixed cancer types in Malaysia.MethodInitially, the ICQ was translated into Malay and back-translated, and its content and face validity were evaluated. Then, 346 cancer patients with various cancer types received the ICQ-M, and its internal consistency, convergent, discriminant, construct, and concurrent validity were evaluated.ResultsThe ICQ-M and its domains had acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s α ranging from 0.742 to 0.927. Construct validity assessment demonstrated that the ICQ-M consists of 17 items designated in two domains with good convergent and discriminant validity. The ICQ-M and its domains also had moderate correlations with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II, which denotes that the ICQ-M had acceptable concurrent validity.ConclusionThe ICQ-M had good psychometric properties and is now available to measure the illness cognition of cancer patients in Malaysia.

Living with a friend mediates PTSD and CPTSD symptoms among trauma-exposed Ukrainians during the second year of 2022 Russian invasion

Purpose This study aims to develop and test multivariable psychosocial prediction models of perceived post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) symptoms development among trauma-exposed Ukrainian adults (n = 761) after 1.5 years of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Design/methodology/approach This research was designed as a survey in line with the methodology of “Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis” checklist. The survey included a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and specifics of trauma exposure, as well as validated self-reported inventories: The International Trauma Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – version 2, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-10 and the Modified BBC Subjective Well-being Scale. Findings Regression analysis revealed different prediction models for PTSD and CPTSD symptoms, explaining 18.4% and 41.4% of their variance with five and eight predictors, respectively. Four variables were similar in predicting PTSD and CPTSD: war-relatedness of trauma, living with a friend, perceived physical health and regret for the past. War-relatedness of trauma the respondents were exposed to was among the strongest predictors for PTSD and CPTSD severity. However, living with a friend was almost equally strong in mitigating these mental consequences. Regret for past and lowly rated physical health were assessed as relatively weaker but statistically significant predictors in this study. Originality/value Upon the original theoretical framework, two psychosocial prediction models were developed for PTSD and CPTSD symptoms in a non-clinical sample of trauma-exposed Ukrainian adults.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Self-Compassion and Experiential Avoidance in Women Who Have Experienced Marital Infidelity

Objective: Marital infidelity is one of the most significant threats to the stability of marital relationships and a leading cause of divorce across various cultures. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on self-compassion and experiential avoidance in women who have experienced marital infidelity. Methods: The current research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, involving experimental and control groups and a three-month follow-up. All women who had experienced marital infidelity and attended psychotherapy and counseling clinics in Tehran during the year 2021-2022 constituted the statistical population of this study, from which 30 were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two equal groups of 15. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Second Version (Bond et al., 2007). Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance with SPSS version 26. Findings: The mean self-compassion score and its dimensions in the experimental group significantly improved post-intervention compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Cognitive-behavioral therapy was beneficial in reducing experiential avoidance in the experimental group, unlike the control group (p < 0.05). The effects of this therapeutic program on dependent variables continued during the three-month follow-up period (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral exercises can be used as an effective intervention method to improve the cognitive-emotional status of women who have experienced marital infidelity.

Predicting Marital Adjustment by Psychological Flexibility and Frustration Discomfort

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictive roles of psychological flexibility and frustration discomfort on marital adjustment among married women. Specifically, it sought to assess how these psychological constructs influence marital satisfaction and cohesion. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional design was employed, sampling 350 married women from various counseling centers in Tehran in 2023. Participants completed standardized questionnaires measuring marital adjustment (Dyadic Adjustment Scale), psychological flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II), and frustration discomfort (Frustration Discomfort Scale). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 27 to explore the predictive value of psychological flexibility and frustration discomfort on marital adjustment, adjusting for potential confounders such as age and gender. Findings: The results revealed that both psychological flexibility (β = 0.25, p < 0.01) and frustration discomfort (β = 0.29, p < 0.01) significantly predicted marital adjustment, accounting for 42% of the variance in marital adjustment scores. These findings indicate that higher levels of psychological flexibility and lower levels of frustration discomfort are associated with better marital satisfaction and cohesion. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of psychological flexibility and frustration discomfort in influencing marital adjustment. It suggests that interventions aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility and reducing frustration discomfort may contribute to improving marital satisfaction and stability. These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach in marital counseling and therapy that considers these psychological constructs.

Development and validation of a Japanese version of the Teachers Acceptance and Action Questionnaire

Experiential avoidance related to teachers or teaching can be assessed using the Teachers Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (TAAQ); however, no Japanese version of the TAAQ has thus far been presented. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the TAAQ and examine its reliability and validity. The participants were 300 elementary or middle school teachers in Japan (201 men, 99 women; mean age = 45.37, SD = 10.42). A one-factor structure was identified using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed using item-total correlation coefficients and Cronbach’s alpha, while test-retest reliability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficients. The results demonstrated sufficient reliability. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients—with scales that measure burnout, experiential avoidance (EA) in general, teachers’ occupational stressors, work engagement, and worry—were calculated to examine concurrent validity and showed a small-to-large significant correlation. Mediation analyses—with occupational stressors as the independent variable, the three factors of burnout as the dependent variables, and teaching-related EA as the mediation variable—were also conducted to examine construct validity, which showed significant mediation models. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine incremental validity; it showed that once the Japanese version of the TAAQ was added, the effect on burnout improved. Although our Japanese version of the TAAQ has some limitations, it showed sufficient reliability and validity; therefore, its use as a scale in future research is acceptable.

The Effectiveness of the Narrative-Based Acceptance and Commitment Counseling Package on Experiential Avoidance, Affective Capital and Desire to Divorce in Women on the Verge of Divorce

Objective: Divorce is the primary factor in the disintegration of the most fundamental social foundation, namely the family, which has detrimental effects on both spouses, especially women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a narrative-focused Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) counseling package on experiential avoidance, affective capital, and the inclination towards divorce among women on the verge of divorce in Isfahan. Methods and Materials: The research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, control group, and a two-month follow-up phase, and the sampling method was voluntary. Accordingly, with coordination with counseling centers affiliated with the judiciary, among the volunteers who were willing to participate in the study and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 individuals were randomly selected and then randomly assigned to three groups: experimental and control (each group consisting of 15 individuals). The experimental group received the treatment in eight 75-minute group sessions based on the package developed by the researcher. The control group, however, did not undergo any intervention. The research instruments at the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages included the Golparvar Affective Capital Questionnaire (2016), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond, 2011), and the Roosevelt et al.'s (1986) Divorce Proneness Scale. Findings: The results of the repeated measures ANOVA indicated that the narrative-focused ACT counseling package had a significant effect on experiential avoidance, affective capital, and the inclination towards divorce among women on the verge of divorce at the post-test stage (p < 0.05), and the effects of the counseling package were sustained at the follow-up stage (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, the narrative-focused ACT counseling package can be used as one of the treatments for improving psychological variables in women on the verge of divorce.

The Role of Psychological Flexibility, Acceptance, and Commitment in Marital Adjustment Among Couples

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the role of psychological flexibility, acceptance, and commitment in marital adjustment among couples. Method: This study was applied and descriptive-correlational in nature. The population included couples (both women and men) from Amol County, who were studied using a convenience sampling method involving 126 couples. Data were collected using the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010), the second version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire by Bond et al. (2007), and the Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale (1976). For the analysis of data in the inferential statistics section, simultaneous multiple regression was conducted using SPSS version 21. Findings: The findings indicate that psychological flexibility, acceptance, and commitment can explain 16.9% of the variance in marital adjustment. The t-tests for significance in regression for the coefficient of psychological flexibility (β = 0.191) and acceptance and commitment (β = 0.285) were significant. Acceptance and commitment have a greater unique contribution in predicting marital adjustment among couples (α = 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the most significant influences on marital adjustment are acceptance and commitment, followed by psychological flexibility. It is recommended that the findings of this research be utilized to enhance marital adjustment among both women and men.

Examination of Psychological Symptoms in Adults Related to Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cognitive Fusion, Experiential Avoidance, and Perceived Social Support

The aim of the present study is to determine the relationships between psychological symptoms in adults, adverse childhood experiences, cognitive engagement, experiential avoidance, and perceived social support. Another aim of the study is to examine whether psychological symptoms differ according to demographic variables such as age, gender and education level. The sample of the study consists of adults between the ages of 18-65. Brief Symptom Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used as data collection instruments. Analyses showed that adverse childhood experiences, cognitive fusion and perveived social support predict psychological symptoms in adults. In addition, depression, anxiety, negative self and hostility symptoms were found to be higher in the participants aged 18-24 compared to the participants in the 25-40 and 41-65 age groups. It was thought that this study will contribute to understanding the nature of psychological symptoms and identfiying the intervention areas of psychotherapies.

Link between post-stroke psychopathology and scope-of-action awareness

Background: Epidemiological research has failed to confirm laterality of lesion site as a neurobiological source of post-stroke psychopathology. However, acquired communication disorders have proved to be a key risk factor for depression, apart from established parameters such as pre-stroke psychopathology and physical immobility. Objectives: The present work examines a new predictor of post-stroke psychopathology: psychological flexibility. This concept describes an accepting attitude toward irreversible loss following stroke while using remaining agency. Design: Overall, 70 individuals engaged in a cross-sectional study conducted in the subacute stage after an ischemic or hemorrhagic event, a period with elevated prevalence of mental-health problems (2 weeks to 6 months after stroke). Methods: Outcomes included standardized self-report and clinician-rated measures of depression, anxiety disorders, and general psychopathology (Beck Depression Inventory; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; ICD-10 Symptom Rating; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) alongside lack of psychological flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II). The study design controlled for pre-stroke psychopathology and physical immobility (Barthel Index). Results: Partial correlation analyses revealed a significant medium-to-large association between the entire set of clinical outcomes and lack of psychological flexibility ( r ⩽ 0.62, p < 0.001). In moderator analyses, the magnitude of this association did not vary significantly with diagnosis of acquired communication disorders (i.e., aphasia, apraxia of speech or dysarthria; separately or combined). Conclusion: The current results demonstrate a substantial link between post-stroke psychopathology and psychological flexibility. This finding opens new avenues for research on depression and other mental-health problems in stroke survivors with and without acquired communication disorders. Registration: www.drks.de ; identifier: DRKS00031204

The impact of workplace harassment on the level of mental disorders: the moderating role of gender.

Studies prove a positive relationship between mobbing in the workplace and the level of mental disorders. In the present research, it was decided to test whether gender is a moderator of the relationships under consideration. It is well known that women and men experience differences in the general clinical manifestations of certain disorders such as depression, anxiety and addiction. Furthermore, women are more likely to experience mobbing than men. Therefore, it was decided to test whether gender could be a moderator of the relationship between workplace harassment and the level of mental disorders. Accordingly, a survey was conducted with 220 people aged 22-65 years employed in various Polish workplaces with at least one year of work experience, including 108 women and 112 men, using tools with verified psychometric properties. These were the Negative Action Questionnaire (NAQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The analyses conducted showed that gender significantly alters the relationship between mobbing and general mental health, levels of somatic disorders, anxiety and insomnia, and symptoms of depression. In terms of psychological wellbeing, men, compared to women, have a much stronger reaction to harassment, both of a personal nature and directly aimed at the work sphere. The aforementioned relationships may find practical application in the development of effective methods for the prevention and treatment of the effects of workplace harassment.

Psychological Inflexibility and Loneliness in Young Adults: The Role of Hope as a Mediator

Young adulthood (18-29 years of age) is the most unstable period of the life span when changes in intimate relationships and work are the common issues. This period is closely related to various mental health problems, such as loneliness. This study aims to determine the role of hope as a mediator between psychological inflexibility and loneliness in young adults. Research participants were 230 participants who were in the young adulthood stage (18-29 years of age). Loneliness was measured using UCLA Loneliness Scale-6 (ULS-6), psychological inflexibility was measured using Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), and hope was measured using The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (AHS). Mediation analysis was done using Hayes PROCESS MACRO (Model 4). The results of the analysis show that hope has a mediating role in the relationship between psychological inflexibility and loneliness in young adults. The implication of this research is that it can be used as a consideration for selecting interventions that focus on increasing psychological flexibility and hope when dealing with loneliness in young adults.

Relationship between Anxiety Sensitivity and Experiential Avoidance with students’ Spiritual Vitality

Background: Today, spiritual vitality is considered as one of the effective factors in mental functioning, emotional disorders, and as such, the transdiagnostic factors of emotional disorders. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and experiential avoidance with spiritual vitality in students. method: This research was carried out in the framework of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research included all students of Tabriz universities (including Tabriz University, Shahid Madani Azarbaijan and Azad Tabriz). Sampling in the present study was done using the available non-random sampling method and 300 people were studied. The data collection tools in this study were: Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Second Edition (AAQ-II) and Spiritual Vitality Index. Results: The results showed that anxiety sensitivity (t=0.097 & β=-0.007) has no significant relationship with spiritual vitality and experiential avoidance (t=24.9 & β=0.47) has a significant relationship with spiritual vitality and causes its increase. Conclusion: It seems that the strengthening of spirituality and spiritual vitality in students may have caused a change in the transdiagnostic factors involved in emotional disorders, during which they can prevent emotional disorders. Practical implications. Society and university can provide the necessary grounds for strengthening spiritual vitality in students through educational experts and trainers.

Parental Psychological Model for Children With Asthma and Its Mediating Role for Child Anxiety.

Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children. Family factors play a role in its incidence and severity. This study investigated the effect of parental psychological flexibility, parental psychological adjustment to the child's illness, and parental psychological distress on the severity of asthma symptoms of children through mediating child anxiety. A total of 216 parents of children with asthma were asked to complete the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Parent Experience of Child Illness, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items, and the parent-report Spence Children's Anxiety Scale. Severity of asthma symptoms was assessed by spirometry. The highest path coefficient was between parental psychological flexibility and the severity of paediatric asthma symptoms (β = 0.34). Parental psychological distress was found to affect the severity of asthma symptoms of children (β = -0.21) and also mediate child anxiety and then affect the severity of asthma symptoms of children (β = -0.25). Parental psychological flexibility, parental psychological adjustment to the child's illness, and parental psychological distress had significant effects on the severity of asthma symptoms of children through mediating child anxiety.

Development, psychometric evaluation, and factor analysis of an instrument measuring quality of life in autistic preschoolers.

Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown. We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability. An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance. The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.

A Study of Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Experiential Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering: A Comparative Study.

Objective: Stuttering is a type of communication and fluency disorder that hurts mental and emotional health. It is also associated with a significant increase in both trait and social anxiety. Studies on stuttering in adults have indicated the nature and impact of this phenomenon. In addition, some psychological aspects of this phenomenon remain vague and need further investigation. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotion regulation difficulties, repetitive negative thinking, and experiential avoidance between people who stutter and healthy individuals. Method : In this study, 101 people who stutter (43 females and 58 males, with a mean age of 29.55 ± 187 years), as well as 110 healthy individuals (74 females and 36 males, with a mean age of 25.57 ± 489 years) as participants were chosen using the convenience sampling method among those who referred to the speech therapy clinics of Tehran, Iran. Research instruments including the repetitive negative thinking inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-I) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using multivariate ANOVA test and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.55 years in the people who stutter and 25.57 years in the healthy individuals (P < 0.01). The present results indicated that the mean score of experiential avoidance was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 35.74 ± 9.24) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 8.89 ± 31.11). Additionally, the mean score of emotion regulation difficulties was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 88.75 ± 20.59) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 64.14 ± 94.94) (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean score of repetitive negative thinking between the people who stutter (M ± SD: 98.45 ± 25.85) and healthy individuals (M ± SD: 93.71 ± 25.24) groups (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (P < 0.01). Experiential avoidance and repetitive negative thinking can significantly predict emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (R = 0.65, P < 0.01). Conclusion: People who stutter obtained higher emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance scores than those without stuttering and A significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties was found. Future studies should consider the role of emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance in people who stutter.

Association between time perspective and metacognition among Lebanese adults: the mediating role of mindfulness

BackgroundMindfulness may serve as a component of metacognitive beliefs and can also be viewed as a form of time perspective. The interplay between time perspective and metacognitive beliefs remains understudied. Both aspects, however, display considerable stability over time and significantly influence an individual’s life and well-being. Lebanon, marked by its diverse and complex history, struggles with various political, social, and economic challenges. This study offers a valuable and unprecedented opportunity to examine these connections within a distinct cultural context, shedding light on the unique experiences of the Lebanese population. Therefore, our research aims to investigate the connection between time perspective and metacognition, with a focus on the role of mindfulness as a mediator.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2022 and involved participants from various regions of Lebanon. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data and scales such as the Arabic versions of the 15-item Short Form of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Metacognitions Questionnaire, the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2).ResultsOur investigation recruited 423 participants. The analysis showed that individuals with a positive stance on their past, a hedonistic present, or a future-oriented outlook exhibited heightened levels of mindfulness. This elevated state of mindfulness, in turn, demonstrated a significant link to augmented cognitive self-consciousness (An increased introspection into one’s own thoughts). We also observed a direct association between a future-focused time perspective and high scores of cognitive self-consciousness. Furthermore, mindfulness emerged as a crucial mediator in the relationships between time perspectives and negative beliefs about the danger of worry. Similarly, individuals with a positive view on their past, a hedonistic present orientation, or a future-focused mindset demonstrated elevated levels of mindfulness, which was correlated with less negative beliefs about the danger of worry. Notably, a positive past perspective was directly associated with less negative views on worry and the subsequent loss of control, whereas higher future focused time perspective scores was significantly and directly associated with more negative beliefs about worry, whereas more future focused time perspective was significantly and directly associated with more negative beliefs about worry.ConclusionOur findings found several meaningful associations between our variables, but it primarily underscored the significance of considering distinct subcomponents within mindfulness and psychopathological metacognition that may overlap, shedding light on their differential impacts on psychological well-being. We were also able to mirror the dual pathway theory of time perspective suggested in previous studies. These insights carry notable implications for the development and refinement of mindfulness-based and metacognitive interventions, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches that consider varying time perspectives. Continued investigation in this area promises to advance our understanding of these constructs and refine their practical applications in mental health interventions and well-being enhancement strategies.

P42: Experiential avoidance and gratitude impact in emotional distress among old people post COVID-19 crisis

Some studies have shown that older people experience less experiential avoidance and more gratitude when they were compared with younger people (López, 2020). These variables might be important to improve the mental health of older people, especially in crisis situations.Objective:Investigate the relationship between experiential avoidance (EA), gratitude and distress in old people post crisis COVID-19.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out. Data from 361 people older than 60 years. The mean age was 68,44 (SD= 5.31), 62.9% were woman. The sample included in the cross-sectional analysis consisted of who provided data on the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II (AAQ–II; Bond et al., 2011), Gratitude subscale of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths-Short Form (Littman-Ovadia, 2015) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond &amp; Snaith, 1983). Pearson´s correlations were used to explore the relationships among study variables including EA, gratitude, and emotional distress. Lineal regression analyses were used to investigate the incremental explained variance in emotional distress according to the main hypotheses. Standardized regression coefficients β were used to determine the relative contribution of these variables.Results:EA and gratitude were negatively correlated (r=-.27; p= &lt;.000). Gratitude and emotional distress were negatively correlated (r=-.30; p= &lt;.000). EA and emotional distress were positive correlated (r=.61; p= &lt;.000). Regression analyses indicated that AAQ-II and gratitude were significant predictors of emotional distress among old people. AAQ-II and gratitude were added. AAQ-II and gratitude were significant predictor of emotional distress R2adj=62.7 % explain the model.Conclusion:EA and gratitude are powerful factors to predict emotional distress in a crisis among older people. EA is an important construct in the understanding of emotional distress. This is an initial step to deep in the process of internal experiences and promoting gratitude can be very beneficial to generate programs to promote mental health in old people.

Impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy programme on HbA1c, self-management and psychosocial factors in adults with type 1 diabetes and elevated HbA1c levels: a randomised controlled trial

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) programme, tailored for people living with type 1 diabetes, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), self-management and psychosocial factors among individuals...