Growth Regulatory Activity Research Articles

Secondary Metabolites with Plant Growth Regulator Activity Produced by an Endophytic Fungus Purpureocillium sp. from Solanum rostratum

Secondary Metabolites with Plant Growth Regulator Activity Produced by an Endophytic Fungus Purpureocillium sp. from Solanum rostratum

Growth regulatory Activity of 2-Methyl-4-Thioquinoline Derivatives

At the current moment, in order to increase the crop yield and improve the quality of food, pharmaceutical, industrial and energy products, a search for novel environmentally friendly plant treatment agents is given a top priority. Hence the task of finding chemical regulators and stimulators of plant growth that would alter the developmental cycle of crops most effectively at the lowest toxicity level is of utmost relevance. While studying the cytotoxic effects of plant treatment agents on sprouts of plants belonging to the Cucumis genus, a quinoline derivative (a compound under the KM-38 laboratory code) was observed to have a significant stimulating effect, which became a prerequisite for the in-depth studies that followed. The paper presents the results of laboratory studies of the effect of quinoline derivatives on monocotyledonous (soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)) and dicotyledonous (cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)) plants. In order to assess its activity, the growth-regulating effect of KM-61 compound, which has a structure similar to that of main heteroauxins (indole-3-acetic acid), was investigated. The activity of compounds was examined on the basis of seed samples of soft winter wheat («Zemlyachka», «Kiriya», «Selyanka», «Kosovytsia», «Vdala») and soybean («Masha», «Opheliya», «Sedmytsia», «Sprynt», «Sharm») cultivars. The results of the studies confirmed the existence of growth-stimulating properties of the investigated compounds. Sprouts of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants have different sensitivity to the activity of the growth regulators. KM-61 compound appears to be more efficient with regard to soft winter wheat sprouts. It caused the increase in the growth of the root system, which varied depending on a given cultivar and a concentration of the chemical agent, of up to 49% (19% in the case of a plant's hypocotyl). KM-38 compound showed a moderate effect on the cultivars of soft winter wheat under study. The biggest impact on the growth of soybean sprouts came from KM-38 plant treatment agent (stem length increased up to 50%, and the root − up to 30%), the greatest effect being noticeable with regard to the «Sharm» and «Opheliya» cultivars. It should be noted that the selected compounds exhibit low toxicity when dealing with warm-blooded animals and are capable of growth-stimulating activity even at very low concentrations (0.001-0.00005%). The obtained results show considerable promise regarding a further study of the aforementioned compounds in the direction of discovering new types of growth stimulants. Keywords: Quinoline derivatives; Regulatory activity; Wheat; Soybean References Bilina, O. S., Mihedkina, O.J., Bibik, O.V., Dindorogo, V. G., Lucenko, L. A., Kozhich, D. T. (2010). Sintez pirolnih analogiv halkonu na osnovi 4-acetil-3,5-dimetil-1N-pirol-2-karbonovoyi kisloti ta yiyi etilovogo esteru i doslidzhennya yih aktivnosti yak stimulyatoriv rostu roslin. Zhurnal organichnoyi ta farmacevtichnoyi himiyi. Т. 8, №3 (31). 76-80. Gut, R.T., Kramarec, V.O. Vikoristannya novih gormoniv rostu u praktici roslinnictva ta lisovogo gospodarstva. (2011). Naukovij visnik NLTU Ukrayini : zb. nauk.-tehn. pr. Vyp. 21.2. 8-14. Derev’yanko, N. P., Brazhko, O. A., Zavgorodnij, M. P., Vasilyeva, T. M. (2016). Efektivnist ta bezpechnist vikoristannya novih stimulyatoriv rostu roslin, stvorenih na osnovi pohidnih geterilkarbonovih kislot. Agroekologichnij zhurnal. №3. 100-103. DSTU 4138-2002. Nasinnya silskogospodarskih kultur. Metodika viznachennya yakosti (2003). [Chinnij vid 2002-12-28]. Vid. ofic. Kiyiv : Derzhspozhivstandart Ukrayini. 173. Kornet, M. M., Brazhko, O. A., Zavgorodnij, M. P., Omelyanchik, L. O. (2007). Biologichna aktivnist deyakih S-(hinolin-4-il)zamishenih cisteyinu. Medichna himiya. Т. 9, №2. 65-69. Kornet M. M. (2012). Biologichna aktivnist pohidnih S-(hinolin-4-il)-L-cisteyinu ta yih strukturnih analogiv : avtoref. dis. ... kand. biol. nauk : 02.00.10. Kiyiv. 22. Makrushin, M. M., Makrushina, Ye. M., Peterson, N. V., Melniko,v M. M. (2006). Fiziologiya roslin : pidruchnik / za red. M. M. Makrushina. Vinnicya : Nova Kniga. 416. Mihedkina, O. J., Peretyatko, I. V., Melnik, I. I., Anan’yeva, V. V., Cigankov, O. V. (2019). Sintez ta doslidzhennya pohidnih pirolu v yakosti stimulyatoriv rostu na nasinni zernovih kultur. Visnik Nacionalnogo tehnichnogo universitetu «HPI». Ser. : Himiya, himichna tehnologiya ta ekologiya : zb. nauk. pr. Harkiv : NTU «HPI». №2. 58-62. Petrusha, Yu. Yu., Omelyanchik, L. O. (2013). Poshuk rostostimulyatoriv silskogospodarskih kultur sered piridinzamishenih merkaptokislot. Biologichnij visnik MDPU. №3. 125-134. Romanyuk, N., Dumanchuk, N., Dumanchuk, Ya., Skovronska, I., Zakorchemna, O., Terek, O. (2002). Vpliv regulyatoriv rostu ivinu ta emistimu S na rist ta vrozhajnist roslin morkvi (Daucus sativus). Visnik Lviv. un-tu Seriya biologichna. Vyp. 31. 283-292. Zandona Renan Ricardo, Pazdiora Paulo Cesar, Pazini Juliano de Bastos, Seidel Enio Junior, Ethur Luciana Zago. (2019). Chemical and biological seed treatment and their effect on soybean development and yield. Rev. Caatinga, Mossoro. Vol. 32. №2. 559-565.

Bioactivity of Plant Essential Oil against Potato Tuber Moth,Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

Phthorimaea operculella (Potato tuber moth) is a destructive pest of stored potatoes and potato crops, primarily in subtropical areas of the globe. It is a pest of the field as well as storage, the larvae damage the crop through the foliage, stem, and tubers too. The manifestation of potato tuber moth primes to high economic damages in production worldwide. Post-harvest protection of the potato tubers becomes important and is challenging. A treatment with chemical agents is a possible strategy but cannot be recommended for food items hence alternative methods become important in control of these moths. The present study deals with the assessment of plant oils of Cinnamomum verum, Cupressuss sempervirens and Cymbopogon nardus. These plant oils were used to evaluate the larvicidal, adulticidal, Insect growth regulatory, repellency and oviposition deterrence activities against potato tuber moth. Results of the present work indicated that all the test oils show some promise as pest control agents against P. operculella. Oil of C. verum has exhibited promising toxic action (larvicidal LC50 = 110.10 μg/cm2, adulticidal LC50 = 49.78 μg/cm2). The oil of C. nardus caused promising IGR activity (delay in development = 16.2 days) All three plant oils have shown multifarious activity and can be a part of an eco-friendly and user-friendly method of control.

Toxicity and insect growth regulatory activities of medicinal plant, Withania somnifera, in flesh fly, Sarcophaga ruficornis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

BackgroundThe flesh fly Sarcophaga ruficornis is well known for its medical and veterinary importance in causing myiasis in humans and animals. The conventional use of chemical pesticides for controlling insect pests has resulted in environmental pollution besides posing serious hazards to non-target organisms and the development of pest resistance against these compounds. Considering the various harmful and adverse effects of chemical pesticides, an alternative and safe approach for the pest management has to be explored. The plant extracts derived from plants are eco-friendly in nature, easily biodegradable, and can be used as botanical pesticides.ResultsExtracts from root of the medicinal plant Withania somnifera were assessed for their toxicity and insect growth regulatory activity when administered to larvae of S. ruficornis. Topical administration of root extracts of W. somnifera to 0–3-day-old third instar larvae of S. ruficornis resulted into severe disruption of development, moulting, and metamorphosis producing several detrimental effects such as toxicity, prolongation of larval life, ecdysial stasis, abnormal pupariation, reduced normal pupariation and adult emergence, and development of pupal-adult mosaics and adultoids. The LC50 values in topical application of root extracts of W. somnifera were 28.19, 43.49, 47.48, and 48.16 g/μL against S. ruficornis third instar day 0, 1, 2, and 3 larvae, respectively.ConclusionThese effects are similar to those observed as a consequence of the administration of juvenile hormone analogs (juvenoids) and may be due to interference with the normal hormonal mechanism of moulting and metamorphosis. This clearly demonstrates that the root extracts of W. somnifera may be used as an insect growth regulator for the control and management of S. ruficornis along with other bio-rational approaches in integrated pest management programs.

Влияние обработок препаратом на основе полисульфида кальция на всхожесть семян и урожайность растений пшеницы

Abstract. For the further intensification of the processes of agricultural crop production, the permanent development of new preparations with effective growth-regulating activity in relation to crops and exhibit the ability to suppress phytopathogens and improve the quality of economically valuable products is required. The purpose of the investigation was to study the effect of pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with calcium polysulfide (CaS4) preparations on germination, plant productivity parameters, and grain quality. Methods. In laboratory conditions, the effect of calcium polysulfide on the germination of wheat plants was investigated. 0.1; 0.5 and 1 % of CaS4 solutions for incubating the seeds during 1, 2 and 3 hours were used. Fresh and dry mass, shoot and root lengths, as well as the rate of formation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide content, were determined, peroxidase and catalase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration ware detected. Infield studies seeds were treated with CaS4 solution at a rate of 0.6 l/t, followed by determination of the number of seedlings affected by root rot. Results. As a result of one-hour presowing treatment of seeds with a 0.1% solution in six-day-old seedlings, an increase in leaf length was observed, as well as a beneficial effect of the drug on the redox system of root tissues. The use of CaS4 solution for pre-sowing treatment and during heading in the field increased the yield by 3 quintals/ha and increased the protein content in wheat seeds by 8–9 %. A conclusion is drawn on the effect of calcium polysulfide on the germination of wheat seeds depending on the concentration and time of pre-sowing treatment.

Ростова та супероксиддисмутазна активність Azotobacter vinelandii ІМВ В-7076 за впливу наночасток природних мінералів та деяких катіонів

Ростова та супероксиддисмутазна активність Azotobacter vinelandii ІМВ В-7076 за впливу наночасток природних мінералів та деяких катіонів

Mathematical Modeling of Biological Activity of Plant Growth Regulators

The paper dwells upon asymmetrical triazines as plant growth regulators. It presents in vitro and in vivo tests of 1,2,4-triazine compounds. The authors have developed a mathematical model to predict growth promotion, which serves as the basis of the proposed algorithm for projecting the biological efficacy of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

Advances in new multicomponent crystal system: structure, thermal kinetic analysis, photoluminescent, and biological activity investigations

Multicomponent organic crystals based on natural metabolites or pharmaceutical active ingredients play an important role in solid state chemistry, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industry. This study reveals the synthesis of a new luminescent alkanolammonium salt of 4-nitrobenzoic acid (MMEA4NB, methylethanolammonium 4-nitrobenzoate), together with the detailed investigation of its structural motifs, thermal stability, decomposition kinetics, and validation of its plant growth regulatory activity. The new compound was obtained at room temperature in excellent yield and shorter reaction time. Thermal stability and decomposition were studied in a dynamic air atmosphere by thermogravimetry—differential thermal analysis—derivative thermogravimetric techniques. The kinetics and mechanism of the thermal decomposition reaction were evaluated under non-isothermal conditions using three different isoconversional methods Flynn–Wall and Ozawa, Friedman, and modified nonparametric kinetics method in order to obtain the activation energy. Proton transfer and hydrogen bonding in the organic salt were elucidated and confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure revealed cation–anion heterosynthons and cation–cation homosynthon. The relation between the protonation state of the components, intermolecular interactions, and thermal stability of MMEA4NB is discussed. This study demonstrates the importance of MMEA4NB in the development of new specific luminescent plant growth regulators, possible viewers of localization and distribution in plants.

THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES WATER-ALCOHOL EXTRACTS OF ASPEN BARK

The aim of this work was to study the bark of aspen growing in the suburban area of Krasnoyarsk and obtain water-ethanol extracts based on it, with different growth-regulating activity. The paper deals with the possible processing of aspen bark with the release of biologically active substances of the phenolic group. Water-ethanol solutions of aspen bark of different concentrations were used as an extractant. The regression equations and the optimum conditions of extraction of the bark of aspen with the allocation of the maximum amount of extractives. Studies have shown that aspen bark contains a variety of groups of biologically active substances, including phenolic group: tannins (tannins from 17.0 to 18.0%) polyphenols (glycosides – 0.71–0.84%), flavonoids – 0.33–0.43%; pigments: (chlorophylls from 0.63 to 0.74%; carotenoids (from 0.52 to 0.55%). The obtained mathematical models were adequate to the studied processes at 95% confidence probability. The optimal values for maximum extraction of extractive substances: the concentration of ethanol was 65%; the duration of the process – 3.5 hours, hydro – 15. In the optimal mode was obtained aspen bark extract, its characteristics coincide with the requirements of TU 9377-162-20680882-10 "raw Materials for the production of biologically active additives "aspen bark Extract "thick". It was established that water-ethanol extracts of aspen bark have depending on the concentration of growth-inhibiting or stimulating activity. In the range of concentrations from 0.1 to 10 g/l, they have an inhibitory effect, with further dilution from 1∙10-2 to 1∙10-4 g/l, a stimulating effect is observed. The tendency of increasing the growth of seedlings of cereals, %: corn – 30, barley – 40 and wheat – 35; legumes, %: peas – 35, beans – 45 and lentils – 25 compared with the control at a concentration of extractive substances of aspen bark 1∙10-3 g/l. the Data obtained may be useful after appropriate sanitary-toxicological studies to increase the germination and germination of seeds of legumes and cereals.

Maytenus disticha Extract and an Isolated β-Dihydroagarofuran Induce Mitochondrial Depolarization and Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells by Increasing Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species.

Maytenus disticha (Hook F.), belonging to the Celastraceae family, is an evergreen shrub, native of the central southern mountains of Chile. Previous studies demonstrated that the total extract of M. disticha (MD) has an acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity along with growth regulatory and insecticidal activities. β-Dihydroagarofurans sesquiterpenes are the most active components in the plant. However, its activity in cancer has not been analyzed yet. Here, we demonstrate that MD has a cytotoxic activity on breast (MCF-7), lung (PC9), and prostate (C4-2B) human cancer cells with an IC50 (µg/mL) of 40, 4.7, and 5 µg/mL, respectively, an increasing Bax/Bcl2 ratio, and inducing a mitochondrial membrane depolarization. The β-dihydroagarofuran-type sesquiterpene (MD-6), dihydromyricetin (MD-9), and dihydromyricetin-3-O-β-glucoside (MD-10) were isolated as the major compounds from MD extracts. From these compounds, only MD-6 showed cytotoxic activity on MCF-7, PC9, and C4-2B with an IC50 of 31.02, 17.58, and 42.19 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the MD-6 increases cell ROS generation, and MD and MD-6 induce a mitochondrial superoxide generation and apoptosis on MCF-7, PC9, and C4-2B, which suggests that the cytotoxic effect of MD is mediated in part by the β-dihydroagarofuran-type that induces apoptosis by a mitochondrial dysfunction.

Field evaluation of preemergence activity of plant growth regulators on annual bluegrass

Field evaluation of preemergence activity of plant growth regulators on annual bluegrass

Influence of biostimulants on productivity and quality of grapes

The summary results of researches on joint influence of the biopreparation containing microbic inoculants (Bacillus pumilus bacteria, strain 3-B) and humic substances (potassium humate) on agrobiological and economic indicators of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. For defining of biological efficiency of the biostimulant on grapes the foliar nutrition of plants of grade of Cabernet Sauvignon was carried out in phases of sap flow and initial blossom. The biological product had significant effect on forming of bunches, and berries, promoting to increase on their weight. Crop yield of options of experience increased, in comparison with check option by 14-19%. There are no differences in the quality of the crop (total sugars and acids) between the variants of the experiment. Foliar nutrition of plants the microbiological product Bacillus pumilus, + potassium humate (3,0 l/hectare) promoted increase in fungicide activity of product from mildew (active ingredient - Mankotseb + Mefenoksam). At top-dressing of plants biological product the growth-regulating activity in experience options with assignment of dose of 2,0 l/hectare and 3,0 l/hectare, in comparison with check option significantly increased. Difference on ripening of whip it is not proved as for of options of experience, in comparison with check option, and for options among themselves.

Оценка рострегулирующей активности и экотоксичности диарилидензамещенных циклогексанонов

Оценка рострегулирующей активности и экотоксичности диарилидензамещенных циклогексанонов

The study of natural essential oils as growth regulators of winter wheat

Growth regulators are rather important for obtaining high yields of agricultural crops. Recently, more and more research on biologically active substances has been carried out among natural products, in particular, essential oils of plants. Our study is aimed at the search for winter wheat growth regulators among essential oils. In three-year field small-plot experiments, the growth-regulating activity of anise, fenchel and apricot oils was studied. When we treated the vegetating plants with the water emulsions of the above mentioned oils (dose – 30 g/ha) twice in the tillering and the flag leaf phases, the yield increase of Grom winter wheat variety was 8.6–10.8 %. The quality of seeds also improved: the protein content increased by 0.6-1.1 %, gluten by 1.8-2.7 %.

Growth-promoting thermophilic microorganisms in self-heating pasteurized substrate improve Agaricus bisporus mycelial growth

Background: Certain microorganisms during the preparation of substrate for growing Agaricus bisporus are of great interest for the conversion of organic material and for the excretion of a wide range of metabolites with growth regulation activities that may affect the mycelial growth processes and mushroom yield. Adding beneficial microorganisms in the substrate may be a biotechnological alternative to optimize A. bisporus cultivation. 
 Objective: Isolate and evaluate thermophilic microorganisms from self-heating pasteurized substrate with growth-promoting effects on A. bisporus cultivation. 
 Methods: Different microorganisms were isolated and selected at 45 and 55 °C. They were tested for siderophore production, 1-octen-3-ol consumption, and phosphate solubilization in coculture with A. bisporus to determine their growth effects on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and on sterile pangola grass (Digitaria eriantha).
 Results: Of the 106 microorganisms isolated, 88 % were able to grow in the presence of 1-octen-3-ol, while 1 % had the capacity to produce siderophores, and 55 % had the ability to solubilize phosphate. The strains Bacillus hisashii ECS-B-65, B. licheniformis ECS-B-78, Rhizomucor pusillus ECS-710 and ECS-712, Aspergillus fumigatus ECS-709, and Thermomyces sp. ECS-711 were found to have a positive effect on A. bisporus mycelial growth.

Synthesis and Plant Growth Regulatory Activity of 3-Sulfolene Derivatives

Synthesis and Plant Growth Regulatory Activity of 3-Sulfolene Derivatives

Study of the Plant Growth-Regulating Activity of Non-Medical Application Antibiotics with the Aim of Finding Eco-Friendly Plant Growth Regulators

Biological experiments with non-medical application antibiotics lucensomycin, tetramycins A and B, aureofungins A and B, and antimycin A were carried out. It was revealed that these antibiotics exhibit growth-promoting activities and may be considered as eco-friendly biopreparations. Prospects of their application for increasing the agricultural crop yields were shown.

Isolation and characterization of the insect growth regulatory substances from actinomycetes

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are attractive alternatives to chemical insecticides. Since it has been reported that secondary metabolites from actinomycetes show insecticidal activities against various insect pests, actinomycetes could be a potential source of novel IGR compounds. In the present study, insect juvenile hormone antagonists (JHANs) were identified from actinomycetes and their insect growth regulatory and insecticidal activities were investigated. A total of 363 actinomycetes were screened for their insect growth regulatory and insecticidal activities against Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella. Among them, Streptomyces sp. AN120537 showed the highest JHAN and insecticidal activities. Five antimycins were isolated as active compounds by assay-guided fractionation and showed high JHAN activities. These antimycins also exhibited significant insecticidal activities against A. albopictus, P. xylostella, F. occidentalis, and T. urticae. Moreover, dead larvae treated with these antimycins displayed morphological deformities that are similar to those of JH-based IGR-treated insects. This is the first report demonstrating that the insecticidal activities of antimycins resulted from their possible JHAN activity. Based on our results, it is expected that novel JHAN compounds potentially derived from actinomycetes could be efficiently applied as IGR insecticides with a broad insecticidal spectrum.

Genetic polymorphism in core promoter sequence of ACTRIIB gene and association analysis with growth traits in chicken.

Molecular breeding exploiting candidate genes is burgeoning reproductive approach to improve growth traits in poultry. The activin type IIB receptor (ACTRIIB) is a negative growth regulator, modulating action of many muscle growth regulators. PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism was employed to unravel polymorphism in promoter region of the ACTRIIB gene and delineate its association with growth traits in Aseel and control broiler (CB). Analysis of 5' promoter region (1122bp) of ACTRIIB gene identified five SNPs, that is g. [56 G>C (SNP1), 352A>C (SNP2), 580G>A (SNP3), 625C>T (SNP4) and 962C>T (SNP5)] at SMAD, paired box 7 homeodomain binding motif, GC box and bHLH-PAS type transcription factors in CB and Aseel. CB had significantly higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) at all SNP sites, except at SNP 1. The haplotype construction resulted 8 haplotypes in CB and Aseel population. The BW and ADG differed significantly (p<.05) at all ages in CB and Aseel. The diplotypes H1H8 and H1H4 manifested higher BW and ADG, while diplotypes H3H8 and H3H7 displayed BW and ADG at each age in both lines (p<.05). Aseel exhibited higher expression of ACTRIIB gene than CB by 70.17, 4.83, 1.41, 2.38, 5.13, 1.20, 2.90, 6.53 and 11.75 times for h1h2, h1h3, h1h4, h1h6, h1h7, h1h8 h3h4, h3h7 and h3h8, respectively. The H3H8 and H3H7 diplotypes exhibited higher level of mRNA and protein than H1H8 and H1H4. The regulatory upstream region of ACTRIIB gene demonstrates high degree of genetic diversity and can be harnessed as potential marker in genetic selection programmes for increasing meat production.

A IMPACT OF HYGROPHILA AURICULATA-GREEN MOSQUITOCIDAL ACTIVITY AGAINST MALARIA VECTOR, ANOPHELES STEPHENSI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

Objective: Mosquitoes are insect vectors responsible for the transmission of parasitic and viral infections to millions of people worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. Insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative bio-control techniques in the future.&#x0D; Methods: The egg hatchability, growth regulatory, longevity, fecundity, and larvicidal activity of crude methanol leaf extract of Hygrophila auriculata were assayed for their toxicity tested against malarial vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi.&#x0D; Results: The eggs, larvae, larvae/pupae, and cumulative mortality were observed hatching rates for 100 ppm, 0–18 h (18 h exposed) at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, and mortality was 33.4, 44.6, 17.9, and 95.9% methanolic extract treatment, with the lethal concentration 50 (LC50)/LC90 values were 35.420 28/75.600 ppm. Effect of methanolic extract was larval, pupal, and adult duration and water extracts of caused longest delayed development from 16.6 days larvae, 7.5 days for pupae and longevity of adult female greatly reduced from 25.9 days and fecundity also reduced from 68.0 at 150 ppm. The larvicidal activity of methanol extract was decreased at 48 h as for instars larvae 63.44/271.95 ppm (I), 57.55/272.48 ppm (II); 62.49/301.22 ppm (III); 67.69/330.48 ppm (IV), and 76.99/343.82 ppm (pupae), respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion: These results suggest that the methanol leaf extract has the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito vector. Therefore, this study provides on the mosquito eggs, larvae, and pupae activities of these plant methanol extract against A. stephensi.