ActiGraph Accelerometer Research Articles

Weekday and weekend physical activity patterns and their correlates among young adults.

Accelerometers enable assessment of within and between day variation in physical activity. The main aim was to examine weekday and weekend physical activity patterns among young adults. Additionally, correlates of the physical activity patterns were examined. Overall 325 adults (mean age 26.0 years, standard deviation 0.03) from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project used a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer continuously for 1 week. Physical activity patterns over weekdays and weekends were identified by using the group-based trajectory modeling. Adolescent leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sociodemographic characteristics (sex, marital and family status, education, work status, occupation, and health consciousness) were examined as possible correlates of physical activity patterns using multinomial regression analysis. Five patterns were identified: consistently low activity (45%), active on weekday evenings and weekends (32%), consistently moderate activity (11%), active on weekdays (7%), and consistently high activity (5%). Low adolescent LTPA was associated with consistently low activity pattern in young adulthood. Women were more likely than men to belong in the more physically active groups (all other groups except active on weekdays, odds ratios between 2.26 and 6.17). Those in the active on weekdays group had lower education, were more often in the working life and in manual occupations than those in the consistently low activity group. Marked heterogeneity in physical activity patterns across the week was observed among young adults. Especially history of physical activity, sex, education, work status, and occupation were associated with different physical activity patterns.

FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep (FAMIPASS) study: protocol for a cross-sectional study

IntroductionThe development of children’s healthy and active lifestyles, including habit formation for optimal 24-hour movement behaviour, is associated with their family environment. A whole-family study collecting comprehensive data that can...

Dose-response associations of Monitor-Independent Movement Summary with health-related fitness in youth.

The purpose of this study was to determine the dose-response associations between Monitor-Independent Movement Summary (MIMS) units and health-related fitness in youth. The sample comprised US children and adolescents who participated in the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS; N = 1158, 48.9% female). Health-related fitness domains were assessed using tests of cardiorespiratory endurance (timed maximal and graded treadmill tests), muscular strength (modified pull-up and grip tests), and muscular endurance (plank test). Movement data were collected using wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers with raw data processed using MIMS and the calculated metrics of average MIMS/day, Peak 60-min MIMS, and Peak 30-min MIMS. Weighted regression models examined linear associations between MIMS metrics and fitness test scores. Nonlinear associations were examined using weighted spline models with knots placed at the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles. Models were adjusted for covariates and fit was examined using the coefficient of determination (R2 ). The strongest adjusted linear relationships included a positive association between MIMS/day (per every 1000 units) and maximal endurance times (b = 5.5 s, p < 0.001) and between Peak 60-min MIMS (per every 10 units) and estimated aerobic capacity (b = 1.7 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001), modified pull-ups (b = 0.7 reps, p < 0.001), and plank test scores (b = 5.0 s, p < 0.001). Linear spline models had slightly higher R2 values (R2 range = 16.9%-74.8%) compared to linear models (R2 range = 15.0%-74.5%). The relationship between MIMS metrics and fitness test scores was best modeled as piecewise linear functions. Although all MIMS metrics associated with cardiorespiratory endurance, Peak 60-min MIMS showed stronger associations with tests of muscular strength and endurance.

The effects of an active breaks intervention on physical and cognitive performance: results from the I-MOVE study.

The present quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of active breaks intervention (ABs) to promote physical and cognitive improvement in primary school. The active breaks group (ABsG) performed 10min of ABs three times per school day and the control group (CG) did normal lessons. The baseline and follow-up evaluation was conducted respectively in October 2019 and in May 2021. Cognitive performance was assessed using working memory test, physical performance was analyzed with ActiGraph accelerometers and physical fitness tests, quality of life was monitored using the Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire (PedsQL) and classroom behavior was collected with an ad hoc questionnaire. We enrolled 153 children (age: 7.61±1.41, 54.2% males). Working memory significantly increased in the ABsG (ΔWM: 1.30±1.17) than in CG (ΔWM: 0.96±1.20). The 6 min Cooper test increased in the ABsG (Δ: 1.77±136.03) but not in CG (Δ: -156.42±187.53), P<0.05. The weekly physical activity levels increased in both groups; however, the sedentary behavior significantly increased both in ABsG and CG. Children reported improvements in their quality of school life including feeling better in class and in school when using ABs; moreover, children improved their time on task behaviors in ABsG. The present study has proven to be effective on children's physical and cognitive performance.

Physical activity is associated with adiposity in older adults with HIV in the modern HIV era.

People with HIV (PWH) are aging and are experiencing higher rates of abdominal adiposity. Physical activity is an effective nonpharmacological strategy to reduce adiposity in the general aging population. Yet, the relationship between physical activity and adiposity in people with well controlled HIV is unclear. Our objective was to describe the association between objectively-measured physical activity and abdominal adiposity in PWH. As part of the multisite, observational PROSPER-HIV study, virologically suppressed, adult PWH wore an Actigraph accelerometer for 7-10 days and completed duplicate waist and hip circumference measures. Demographic and medical characteristics were abstracted from the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems dataset. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. On average, our 419 PWH were 58 years of age [interquartile range (IQR): 50, 64], male (77%), Black (54%), and currently taking an integrase inhibitor (78%). PWH completed a mean of 7.06 (±2.74) days of total actigraphy wear time. They took an average of 4905 (3233, 7140) steps per day and engaged in 5.4 h of sedentary time per day. Controlling for age, sex, employment and integrase inhibitor use, the number of steps taken per day was associated with reduced abdominal adiposity ( F = 3.27; P < 0.001) and the hours of daily sedentary time was associated with increased abdominal adiposity ( F = 3.24; P < 0.001). Greater physical activity is associated with reduced abdominal adiposity in aging PWH. Future work should investigate how to tailor the amount, type and intensity of physical activity needed to reduce adiposity in PWH taking contemporary HIV medication. NCT03790501.

41-LB: Regular Physical Activity Plays a Crucial Role in Improving the Anti-inflammatory Status of Healthy Individuals by Modulating TLR2 Expression

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are dominant components of the innate immune system and have been targeted for therapeutic drug development for several inflammatory disorders including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Daily levels of physical activity (PA) and dietary intake have been purported to influence the systemic circulation of cytokines, affecting the overall activation of TLRs and influencing the inflammatory milieu. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between daily physical activity and monocytic TLR2 expression in lean individuals. Normal-weight participants (n = 69) were recruited for this study. Daily physical activity was tracked for seven days using an ActiGraph accelerometer. The intensity of PA was determined by Freedson’s cut-offs, and participants were divided according to the 25th lowest (Q1), median (Q2), and top (Q3) percentiles of their activity level. Blood pressure measurements and heart rates were taken for each individual. Moreover, blood glucose, fasting insulin, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides were determined. Surface expression of TLR2 was quantified on peripheral monocytes by flow cytometry. Our data show that individuals with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous PA and daily step count were found to have higher levels of circulatory CD14+TLR2+ subset. The top 25th percentile groups also showed significantly lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) levels in their circulation. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between CD14+TLR2+ subset and cardiovascular risk markers. The presented results highlight a positive influence of higher daily PA on cardiovascular health, driven by the upregulation of monocytic TLR2+ subsets in circulation, suggesting that TLR2 may play a modulatory role in the regulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism. Disclosure F. Bahman: None. H. Alsaeed: None. S. Albeloushi: None. F. Almulla: None. R. Ahmad: None. F. Alrashed: None.

586-P: Light Physical Activity Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Background and aim: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important complications of diabetes mellitus. In recent years, aerobic exercise has been reported to be potentially effective in preventing nephropathy. However, the relationship with light physical activity (LPA), activities of daily living, is not clear. In this study, we researched the effect of LPA assessed by tri-axial acceleration sensors on the progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes Materials and methods: We analyzed retrospectively the cohort study of type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) under 300 mg/gCr who visited Ayabe City Hospital from April 2018 to March 2020 and were observed until May 2022. The progression of nephropathy was defined as an increase in the category of diabetic nephropathy. LPA time was measured using a tri-axial accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X-BT instructed to use the accelerometer for 7 days, except while bathing and sleeping. LPA was defined as 100-1,952 counts per min. Hazard ratio of LPA for the progression of nephropathy was calculated by Cox hazard model after adjusting by age, gender, BMI, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), smoking states, alcohol consumption, use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitor at baseline. Results: 167 patients (109 men) including 132 with stage1 and 35 with stage 2, mean age, body mass index, HbA1c, UACR, LPA and median observation period were 72.1 ± 12.3 years, 23.4 ± 3.4 kg/m2, 7.6 ± 0.9 %, 56.8 ± 137.4 mg/gCr, 305.6 ± 85.5 minutes/day and 1246 (406-1283) days. During follow-up, progression of nephropathy was observed in 39.5 % (66/167). The adjusted hazard ratio of LPA per 1 hour of progression of nephropathy was 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.67-0.98, P = 0.031). Conclusion: Patients with T2DM with low LPA were shown to be at higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. This suggests that increasing activities of daily living in patients with T2DM is important in terms of preventing diabetic nephropathy. Disclosure T.Osaka: None. H.Okada: None. M.Fukui: None.

#5759 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL QUESTIONNAIRES AND DAILY STEP COUNTS IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Abstract Background and Aims In patients on hemodialysis, sedentary lifestyle is highly prevalent and associated with elevated mortality. The sedentary lifestyle of these patients can be confirmed by assessing the physical activity level (PAL) evaluated by accelerometers and questionnaires. Considering that the PAL questionnaires are quick to perform and inexpensive, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of three PAL questionnaires with daily step counts measured by an accelerometer in patients on hemodialysis. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients aged ≥18 years who were undergoing hemodialysis treatment for at least three months. Patients were excluded if presented severe and unstable comorbidities, psychiatric or cognitive disorders, and hospitalization in the past three months. The daily step counts were recorded in the ActiGraph accelerometer (wGT3X-BT) during seven days, and analyzed by excluding the first and last day of recording and calculating the mean among the valid days (≥ 8 hours of wear time). Subsequently, the Human Activity Profile (HAP) questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the physical functioning domain of the 36-Item Short Form Survey (PF SF-36) were applied. The normality of the data was analyzed using the Shapiro‒Wilk test. The associations between each PAL questionnaire score and daily step counts were tested using Spearman´s correlation coefficients. Then, three multiple linear regression models were constructed with daily step counts as the dependent variable and PAL questionnaire score and potential confounders (age, gender, educational level, time on dialysis, hemoglobin, and body mass index) as independent variables. A p value &amp;lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results This study included 105 patients (59.2 ± 12.5 years, 60.0% male). Daily step counts correlated significantly with the questionnaires scores (HAP, ρ = 0.552, p &amp;lt; 0.001; IPAQ, ρ = 0.386, p &amp;lt; 0.001; PF SF-36, ρ = 0.337, p &amp;lt; 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the multiple linear regression models showed an association between daily step counts with the HAP questionnaire score (R2 = 0.31; adjusted R2 = 0.26; p &amp;lt; 0.001) and PF SF-36 score (R2 = 0.23; adjusted R2 = 0.18; p = 0.001). Conclusion The PAL questionnaires were associated with daily step counts measured by an accelerometer in patients on hemodialysis. However, our results suggest that the HAP was the best questionnaire to evaluate PAL in these patients.

#6447 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AND A HISTORY OF FALLS IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Abstract Background and Aims Patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis have a lower physical activity level in daily life and a higher prevalence of sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, these patients have clinical, musculoskeletal, and physical function complications that contribute to a higher risk of falling. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between physical activity level and a history of falls in a retrospective 12-month interval in patients on hemodialysis. Method A retrospective study was conducted with patients aged ≥18 years who were undergoing regular hemodialysis treatment for at least three months. Patients were excluded if presented severe and unstable comorbidities, psychiatric or cognitive disorders, uncorrected visual impairments, and hospitalization in the past three months. The retrospective history of falls was assessed for the last 12 months, and a fall was defined as an “unexpected event in which the individual comes to rest on the ground, floor or lower level”. The daily step counts were recorded in the ActiGraph accelerometer (wGT3X-BT) during seven days, and analyzed by excluding the first and last day of recording and calculating the mean among the valid days (≥ 8 hours of wear time). Normality of data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for between-group comparisons (patients with and without a history of falls). The univariate and multivariate linear regression models investigated the association between daily step counts and a history of falls. A p value &amp;lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results This study included 103 patients (59.2 ± 12.6 years, 59.2% male). Of these patients, 49.5% had a history of falls. Patients with a history of falls showed lower prevalence of workers (9.8% vs. 26.9%, p = 0.025) and daily step counts [2989 (2595) vs. 4550 (2966) steps, p = 0.018], and higher educational level [9 (7) vs. 5 (5) years, p = 0.033] compared to patients without a history of falls. The univariate linear regression model showed that daily step counts was significantly associated with a history of falls (p = 0.017). After adjusting for age, gender, educational level, work status, hemoglobin, and diabetes mellitus, this association remained significant in multiple linear regression model with a coefficient of determination of 0.21 and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.16 (p = 0.001). Conclusion Physical activity level was associated with a history of falls in a retrospective 12-month interval in patients on hemodialysis.

0244 The Relationship between Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome in Late Adolescents: Racial Differences

Abstract Introduction Disparities in sleep health and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components co-exist in ethnic/racial minorities. Late adolescents (18-21 y.o.) are a high-risk, yet overlooked population to study sleep disparities and the associated metabolic health. This study aimed to examine the interaction between race and sleep health metrics on MetS components in late adolescents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled a convenience sample of 60 college students (19.22±1.06 y.o.). Actigraph accelerometers assessed total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), and wake after sleep onset (WASO) over one week. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and questions about demographic/socioeconomic information and risk behaviors. A point-of-care test provided the fasting glucose and cholesterol panel. The number (0 vs. &amp;gt;1) of MetS components, including high waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides and glucose, and low High-Density Lipoprotein, indicated metabolic health. Logistic regression tested interaction terms controlling for adolescents’ age, sex, alcohol consumption, and parents’ education, marital status, and family income. Results Most participants (n=55; 92%) slept &amp;lt; 7 hours and 43% reported poor sleep (PSQI&amp;gt;5). More than half (n=33; 55%) had at least one MetS component. On average, White (non-Hispanic) participants had higher TST (6.07 vs. 5.63, t=1.93, p=0.06) and SE (84.89% vs. 81.07%, t=2.31, p=0.02) than their racial/ethnic minority (Black/Hispanic/Asian American/other) peers. Race significantly interacted with TST (OR=0.24, p=0.04), SE (OR=0.69, OR=0.10), and WASO (OR=1.08, p=0.02), such that associations of decreasing odds of MetS with increasing TST and SE and decreasing WASO were significant only in the racial/ethnic minority group. Furthermore, racial/ethnic minority adolescents (vs. White) had a greater MetS risk, when TST hours were at low levels (i.e., &amp;lt; 6 hours). Similarly, low SE (&amp;lt; 85%) and high WASO (&amp;gt;60 min) were associated with greater odds of MetS in racial/ethnic minority (vs. White) adolescents. PSQI scores were not independently associated with MetS or interacted with race in the association with MetS. Conclusion Unhealthy sleep is associated with increased MetS risk, particularly for racial/ethnic minority adolescents. Given the greater sensitivity to sleep health, improving sleep quantity and quality may be candidate targets for MetS interventions in at-risk populations who experience health disparities. Support (if any) American Nurses Foundation (18A01422). Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) in cardiovascular health (P20GM113125)

Effects of School Nurse-Led Interventions in Collaboration with Kinesiologists in Promoting Physical Activity and Reducing Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that schools adopt a whole-school strategy for healthy behaviors involving different health professionals. The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nurse-led interventions in collaboration with kinesiologists on physical activity and lifestyle behaviors' outcomes in school settings. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022343410). The primary research study was developed through the PICOS question: children and adolescence 6-18 years (P); school nurse-led interventions in promoting physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviors (I); usual lessons, no intervention focusing on PA (C); PA levels, sedentary behaviors, and healthy lifestyle behaviors (O); experimental or observational study with original primary data and full-text studies written in English (S). Seven studies were included. Interventions were heterogeneous: besides physical activities carried out in all studies, the interventions were based on different health models and strategies (counselling, face-to-face motivation, education). Five out of seven articles investigated PA levels or their related behaviors using questionnaires, and two used ActiGraph accelerometers. Lifestyle behaviors were assessed with heterogeneous methods. Five out of seven articles showed an improvement in at least one outcome after the interventions, whereas two papers showed a statistically non-significant improvement. In conclusion, school interventions involving nurses, also in association with other professionals such as kinesiologists, can be effective in reducing sedentary behaviors and improving healthy lifestyles in children and adolescents.

Number of days required to measure sedentary time and physical activity using accelerometery in rheumatoid arthritis: a reliability study

This study aimed to determine the minimum number of days required to reliably estimate free-living sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) using accelerometer data in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), according to Disease Activity Score-28-C-reactive protein (DAS-28-CRP). Secondary analysis of two existing RA cohorts with controlled (cohort 1) and active (cohort 2) disease was undertaken. People with RA were classified as being in remission (DAS-28-CRP < 2.4, n = 9), or with low (DAS-28-CRP ≥ 2.4—≤ 3.2, n = 15), moderate (DAS-28-CRP > 3.2—≤ 5.1, n = 41) or high (DAS-28-CRP > 5.1, n = 16) disease activity. Participants wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on their right hip for 7 days during waking hours. Validated RA-specific cut-points were applied to accelerometer data to estimate free-living sedentary time, LPA and MPA (%/day). Single-day intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated and used in the Spearman Brown prophecy formula to determine the number of monitoring days required to achieve measurement reliability (ICC ≥ 0.80) for each group. The remission group required ≥ 4 monitoring days to achieve an ICC ≥ 0.80 for sedentary time and LPA, with low, moderate and high disease activity groups requiring ≥ 3 monitoring days to reliably estimate these behaviours. The monitoring days required for MPA were more variable across disease activity groups (remission = ≥ 3 days; low = ≥ 2 days; moderate = ≥ 3 days; high = ≥ 5 days). We conclude at least 4 monitoring days will reliably estimate sedentary time and LPA in RA, across the whole spectrum of disease activity. However, to reliably estimate behaviours across the movement continuum (sedentary time, LPA, MPA), at least 5 monitoring days are required.

PO-03-157 ACTIVITY RESTRICTION IN PEDIATRIC CATECHOLAMINERGIC POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA: DOES IT MATTER WHAT THE DOCTOR SAYS?

Catecholaminergic polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare inherited arrhythmia disorder characterized by adrenergic-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Physical activity (PA) restriction was once a mainstay of therapy. Although an individualized, shared decision approach to PA is recommended, the amount activity considered safe remains unknown. To describe 1) the association between PA levels and ventricular arrhythmia scores and 2) the PA levels in relation to Canadian PA guidelines and physician PA recommendations. Patients 8-18 years with CPVT were prospectively recruited from the International Pediatric CPVT Registry. PA levels were assessed via an Actigraph accelerometer (GT3X) worn for ≥ 10-hours a day for 7-days. Ventricular arrhythmia score was ascertained from treadmill tests (to volitional fatigue) by an established scale (1=no ectopy or premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), 2=bigeminy, 3=couplets, 4=non-sustained VT). The association between ventricular arrhythmia and PA metrics were controlled for medication doses. A total of 26 pediatric CPVT patients (median age 14 (IQR 11-17) years; 46% females) were included. Nine (35%) patients were on BB monotherapy, 15 (58%) BB and flecainide and 2 (8%) were on no medication. Of those on medication, 3 (12%) underwent left cardiac sympathetic denervation. Median ventricular arrhythmia score among all patients was 2 (IQR 1-2); 11 (42%) had no ectopy or isolated PVCs on treadmill. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (odds ratio: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-1.0, p=0.31) was not associated with ventricular arrhythmia scores after adjusting for medication. Median moderate-to-vigorous PA was 44 (IQR 29-59) min/day and only 5 (19%) patients met PA guidelines (≥60 min/day in healthy children). Adolescents were less active than younger children (rho=-0.44, p=0.03), and moderate-to-vigorous PA did not differ based on sex (p=0.18). Physician PA recommendation ranged from no restrictions in 14 (54%) to partial PA restrictions (no competitive, team sport and/or endurance PA) in 12 (46%) patients. Ventricular arrhythmia scores (Figure 1; p=0.42) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (p=0.41) did not differ based on physician PA restrictions. There was no association between amount of PA and clinical ventricular arrhythmia scores in this cohort of predominantly treated CPVT children. Only a fifth of patients met PA guidelines irrespective of physician recommendations, and a large proportion continue to be restricted from PA.

0615 Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythm Patterns: Findings from a Sample of the US Population

Abstract Introduction Circadian disruptions are associated with increased risk for morbidity and mortality. However, it is unclear whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity. We aim to explore, 1) Examine whether rest-activity rhythm (RAR) patterns vary across race/ethnicity among a representative sample of the US adult population, and 2) Examine the interaction of race/ethnicity and sex in RAR patterns. Methods The study was based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2014) with data from participants who wore a physical activity monitor (PAM ActiGraph accelerometer model GT3X+) continuously for seven consecutive days. After excluding pregnant participants and those with sleep minutes &amp;lt; 120 and &amp;gt;1200, the analytic sample included was 4,722 adults. The cosinor method was used based on PAM minutes time-series data to RAR outcome variables: mesor, amplitude, acrophase. and robustness. The main predictor of interest was race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, multi/other, and White). A sex-race/ethnicity interaction was tested to assess if racial/ethnic differences in RAR patterns differ between males and females. Other covariates included were age, marital status education federal poverty level, and employment status. Eight adjusted Generalized linear models (GLM) : four with race/ethnicity as the main predictors and four multiplicative interaction models with the product term of race/ethnicity and sex. An adjusted Wald test was used to test for interaction. Results Compared with White adults, Hispanic adults had increased mesor levels (ß=0.10; 95% CI:0.07;0.13), increased RAR amplitude (ß=0.10; 95% CI:0.06;0.13), and increased robustness (ß=0.07; 95% CI:0.03;0.11) whereas Black adults had decreased amplitude (ß=-0.11; 95% CI:-0.16;-0.07) and decreased robustness ( (ß= -0.14; 95% CI:-0.20; -0.09) compared to White adults. Similarly, Asians had decreased amplitude (ß=-0.06; 95% CI:-0.10;-0.01) and decreased robustness (ß=-0.11; 95% CI:-0.16; -0.06). A significant sex-race/ethnicity interaction was found for amplitude F(4,12)=3.94;p=0.029 and robustness (4,12)=6.02;p&amp;lt; 0.001. Conclusion RAR is associated with race/ethnicity, and this association varies by sex. Notably, Hispanic adults had increased mesor, amplitude, and robustness compared to Whites. Conversely, Black and Asian populations shared decreased amplitude and robustness compared to Whites. Future studies may consider further investigation of circadian health by race/ethnicity and sex for community intervention. Support (if any) K01HL135452, K07AG052685, R01AG072644, R01HL152453, R01MD007716, R01HL142066, R01AG067523, R01AG056031, and R01AG075007

The Influence of Perceptions of Competence on Motor Skills and Physical Activity in Middle Childhood: A Test of Mediation.

The mediating effect of perceptions of physical competence (PPC) on the relationship between motor competence and physical activity levels is documented in adolescence. However, it is unclear at what age this begins. In this study, we examined whether PPC mediated the relationship between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or sedentary behaviour and motor competence in middle childhood. The participants were 129 children (mean age = 8.3 years) from eight elementary schools. MVPA and sedentary behaviour were measured using Actigraph accelerometers, and motor competence was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development, Second Edition. The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children and The Self-Perception Profile for Children were used to assess PPC. In this study, PPC did not predict either MVPA or engagement in sedentary behaviours. Further, structural equation modelling revealed that PPC did not mediate the relationship between motor competence and MVPA or between motor competence and sedentary behaviour. These results suggest that at 8 years of age, children's perceptions do not influence their participation in physical activities. It is possible that factors influencing PPC, such as peer comparisons and performance outcomes, have more impact in later childhood or adolescence. In turn, those perceptions may affect children's or adolescents' choices to opt in or out of physical activities.

Validity of the Xiaomi Mi Band 2, 3, 4 and 5 Wristbands for Assessing Physical Activity in 12-to-18-Year-Old Adolescents under Unstructured Free-Living Conditions. Fit-Person Study.

The purpose was to assess the validity of four generations of Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands for the assessment of step count and physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents aged 12-18 years under free-living conditions. One hundred adolescents were invited to participate in the present study. The final sample consisted of 62 high-school students (34 females), aged 12-18 years old (Mage = 14.1 ± 1.6 years), who wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on their hip (PA and step count reference measures) and four activity wristbands (Xiaomi Mi Band 2, 3, 4, and 5) on their non-dominant wrist during the waking time of one day. Results showed that the agreement between daily PA levels (i.e., slow, brisk, and slow-brisk pace walking, total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA) measured by Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands and the accelerometer were poor (ICC, 95% CI = 0.06-0.78, 0.00-0.92; MAPE = 50.1-150.6%). However, agreement between daily step count measured by the accelerometer and the Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands were between acceptable (MAPE = 12.2-13.6%) to excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.94-0.95, 0.90-0.97). Furthermore, the Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands have a good to excellent validity for correctly classifying adolescents as meeting or not meeting the recommended 10,000 steps per day (P = 0.89-0.95, k = 0.71-0.87) and the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day (P = 0.89-0.94, k = 0.69-0.83). Furthermore, comparability between the four Xiaomi Mi Band generations were poor to excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.22-0.99, 0.00-1.00) for the daily PA levels outputs, although it was excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.99-1.00, 0.96-1.00; MAPE = 0.0-0.1%) for daily step count. Different models of Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands were comparable and presented good validity for measuring adolescents' step count, and they accurately classified adolescents as meeting or not meeting the PA recommendations under free-living conditions.

Accuracy and Precision of Actigraphy and SMARTwheels for Measuring Push Counts Across a Series of Wheelchair Propulsion Trials in Non-disabled Young Adults

Background: There has been a growing interest in “Lifestyle Physical Activity” (LPA) among wheelchair users. LPA can be quantified via “pushes” as an outcome metric. This study examined the accuracy and precision of research-grade devices for counting pushes across a series of wheelchair propulsion trials. Methods: Eleven non-disabled, young adults completed 19, 1-minute wheelchair propulsion trials at self-selected speeds with a wheelchair equipped with a SMARTwheel (SW) device while being video recorded. Participants also wore 2 ActiGraph accelerometers, one on the wrist and one on the upper arm. Video footage enabled manual counting of the number of pushes (gold standard). Total pushes were averaged across 16 workloads (3 trials of repeated workloads were excluded) for each device and compared to manually counted pushes. Results: Compared to manually counted pushes, SW demonstrated the greatest accuracy (mean difference [MD] compared to video of 2.3 pushes [4.5% error]) and precision (standard deviation of the mean difference [SDMD]) compared to video of 4 pushes, (Coefficient of Variation [CV] =.04), followed by the upper arm-worn accelerometer (MD of 4.4 pushes [10.4% error] and SDMD of 10, [CV= .06]) and the wrist-worn accelerometer (MD of 12.6 pushes [27.8% error] and SDMD of 13 [CV=.15]). Conclusions: SW demonstrated greater accuracy and precision than ActiGraph accelerometers placed on the upper arm and wrist. The accelerometer placed on the upper arm was more accurate and precise than the accelerometer placed on the wrist. Future investigations should be conducted to identify the source(s) of inaccuracy among wearable push counters.

The influence of social support, social affiliation and intrinsic motivation for increasing underserved youth’s physical activity: A social climate-based intervention study

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of intrinsic motivation, social affiliation orientations and reciprocal social support for physical activity (PA) on underserved youths’ afterschool period moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) changing trajectories across the 16-week Connect through PLAY intervention, a social-motivational climate intervention. A total of 113 youth (61.06% African American, 56.64% girls) provided full data. Youths’ intrinsic motivation, social affiliation orientations and social support were measured by youth responses to a set of surveys at baseline and post-intervention. Youths’ afterschool period MVPA was measured using data from 7-day ActiGraph accelerometer wear at baseline, midpoint and post-intervention. Hierarchical linear modelling analysis found that youth daily afterschool period (3pm−6pm) MVPA increased, on average, 37.94 min across the 16-week intervention. Increases in intrinsic motivation, social affiliation orientations and social support were positive predictors of youth afterschool MVPA changing trajectory. The findings clarify the contributions that a social-motivational climate intervention can have on youth afterschool period MVPA through increasing youth intrinsic motivation, social affiliation and reciprocal social support.

Use of Wearable Activity-Monitoring Technologies to Promote Physical Activity in Cancer Survivors: Challenges and Opportunities for Improved Cancer Care

The aim of this review was to explore the acceptability, opportunities, and challenges associated with wearable activity-monitoring technology to increase physical activity (PA) behavior in cancer survivors. A search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and SportDiscus was conducted from 1 January 2011 through 3 October 2022. The search was limited to English language, and peer-reviewed original research. Studies were included if they reported the use of an activity monitor in adults (+18 years) with a history of cancer with the intent to motivate PA behavior. Our search identified 1832 published articles, of which 28 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eighteen of these studies included post-treatment cancer survivors, eight were on active cancer treatment, and two were long-term cancer survivor studies. ActiGraph accelerometers were the primary technology used to monitor PA behaviors, with Fitbit as the most commonly utilized self-monitoring wearable technology. Overall, wearable activity monitors were found to be an acceptable and useful tool in improving self-awareness, motivating behavioral change, and increasing PA levels. Self-monitoring wearable activity devices have a positive impact on short-term PA behaviors in cancer survivors, but the increase in PA gradually attenuated through the maintenance phase. Further study is needed to evaluate and increase the sustainability of the use of wearable technologies to support PA in cancer survivors.

Development of an Online Mind–Body Physical Activity Intervention for Young Adults during COVID-19: A Pilot Study

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the implementation of an online mind-body physical activity (MBPA) intervention and physical activity (PA), stress, and well-being in young adults during COVID-19. The participants were a sample of college students (N = 21; 81% female). The MBPA intervention was organized in four online modules that were administered asynchronously for 8 weeks with three separate 10 min sessions per week. The intervention components consisted of traditional deep breathing, diaphragm mindful breathing, yoga poses, and walking meditation. Objective PA behaviors were assessed using wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers, and stress and well-being data were collected using validated self-report instruments. A 2 (sex) × 3 (time) doubly multivariate analysis of variance test with a univariate follow-up showed that the % of wear time in light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significantly higher at the end of the intervention compared to baseline (LPA mean difference = 11.3%, p = 0.003, d = 0.70; MVPA mean difference = 2.9%, p < 0.001, d = 0.56). No significant differences were observed for perceived stress and well-being, and there was no moderating effect of sex. The MBPA intervention showed promise, as it was associated with higher PA in young adults during COVID-19. No improvements were observed for stress and well-being. These results warrant further testing of the intervention's effectiveness using larger samples.