Active Citizenship Research Articles

Análisis de las acciones ciudadanas del alumnado al estudiar la dictadura civil militar chilena

Various measurements on the civic values of young Chileans have shown their inclination to justify dictatorships in the case of offering order, security or economic benefits, in addition to the validation of violence to resolve conflicts. Considering this background, the purpose of this article is to analyze the citizenship actions that students develop in the present and project in the future to protect democracy and human rights during the study of the Chilean dictatorship, based on a wide variety of historical documents. This is an exploratory qualitative research that analyzes, from the methodology of content analysis, 70 answers developed by 35 students belonging to two high school classes of a private school in Santiago, Chile. The results show that the students consider themselves in the present and project themselves in the future as active citizens committed to democracy and human rights. Thus, actions such as valuing the vote, listening to those who think differently, staying informed, participating in demonstrations, respecting others and learning from the past are the most relevant for the participants. In spite of the above, the responses of the young people also show that they avoid conflict and understand their exercise of citizenship as part of their individual personal development, in addition to showing little knowledge about institutions, civil organizations and the multiple forms of political action that people can develop.

Аdministrative responsibility in the field of town planning

The article is devoted to issues of administrative liability for offenses in the field of urban planning. The article draws attention to the shortcomings of the current legislation on administrative offenses and proposes measures to eliminate them. It is noted that urban planning activity is precisely the complex activity of state bodies and citizens for the formation and further development of common interests, territories, spaces, which involves a sequence of stages and is based on a close well- founded relationship and interdependence on socio-economic forecasting conditions. After all, the presence of such interconnection and interdependence is the main feature of urban planning legislation, which occupies a special place in the system of administrative law. Administrative liability in the field of construction arises in case of violation of the requirements of administrative legislation and urban planning. Therefore, the subjects of administrative offenses in the field of construction are social relations regulated by both administrative and urban planning law. This classification of administrative offenses by the subject of the offense is correct, as it allows to identify the signs of this element in the composition of the offense and to resolve the issue of the application of certain norms to the relevant social relations.
 Administrative responsibility for violations of legislation in the field of urban planning activities with a land and environmental component is only a small part of the total volume of «urban planning» components of the Administrative Code of Administrative Offenses. In view of this, it is important to point out the inter-branch nature of the relations of administrative responsibility for violations of the legislation on urban planning activities.
 Summarizing the results, the author concludes that an administrative offense in the field of urban planning is an illegal, culpable act (inaction) of a natural or legal person that violates the requirements of project documentation and normative documents in the field of construction, as well as the established order of construction, reconstruction, capital repair of objects of capital construction, putting it into operation, for which administrative responsibility is established by current legislation.

Bright-siding stigma: Older adults' experiences at a higher weight in Atlantic Canada.

The lived experiences of higher-weight people vary; homogenous samples may fail to capture this diversity. This study develops an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of higher-weight (Body Mass Index ⩾ 30) older adults (⩾60 years of age) in a Canadian Atlantic province. Participants (n = 11) were interviewed face-to-face using a semi-structured interview guide twice at 2-to-3-month intervals regarding their perceived treatment in social and health situations; how positive and negative healthcare experiences affected their health, lifestyles and healthcare seeking-behaviour; and recommendations in terms of patient experiences, access and inclusion. Participants infrequently reported negative experiences; however, participants' experiences were informed by uptake of moralistic, neoliberal discourses. Thematic content analysis identified two major themes: active citizenship (participants demonstrated internalisation of the imperative for weight loss, healthy lifestyles and active ageing) and bright-siding (participants expressed that a positive attitude could prevent/help cope with stigma). Results suggest that individualistic, rather than collective, political solutions to health and stigma have been taken up by higher-weight older adults in a Canadian Atlantic province, which may hinder attempts at structural reforms addressing stigma.

The Active Asteroids Citizen Science Program: Overview and First Results

We present the Citizen Science program Active Asteroids and describe discoveries stemming from our ongoing project. Our NASA Partner program is hosted on the Zooniverse online platform and launched on 2021 August 31, with the goal of engaging the community in the search for active asteroids—asteroids with comet-like tails or comae. We also set out to identify other unusual active solar system objects, such as active Centaurs, active quasi-Hilda asteroids (QHAs), and Jupiter-family comets (JFCs). Active objects are rare in large part because they are difficult to identify, so we ask volunteers to assist us in searching for active bodies in our collection of millions of images of known minor planets. We produced these cutout images with our project pipeline that makes use of publicly available Dark Energy Camera data. Since the project launch, roughly 8300 volunteers have scrutinized some 430,000 images to great effect, which we describe in this work. In total, we have identified previously unknown activity on 15 asteroids, plus one Centaur, that were thought to be asteroidal (i.e., inactive). Of the asteroids, we classify four as active QHAs, seven as JFCs, and four as active asteroids, consisting of one main-belt comet (MBC) and three MBC candidates. We also include our findings concerning known active objects that our program facilitated, an unanticipated avenue of scientific discovery. These include discovering activity occurring during an orbital epoch for which objects were not known to be active, and the reclassification of objects based on our dynamical analyses.

Multicultural Literacy Development Strategy in Basic Education Curriculum in Indonesia


 
 
 Multicultural literacy is becoming increasingly important in today's globalized world, particularly in diverse societies like Indonesia. This paper explores strategies for developing multicultural literacy in the basic education curriculum of Indonesia. Employing qualitative methods, this study conducts a comprehensive literature review and library research to examine existing frameworks, policies, and practices related to multicultural education in Indonesia's basic education system. The research identifies key challenges and gaps in the current curriculum and proposes strategies to enhance multicultural literacy among students. The study underscores the significance of incorporating diverse cultural perspectives, histories, and values into the curriculum to foster empathy, respect, and understanding among students from different ethnic, religious, and socio-economic backgrounds. Furthermore, the paper highlights the need for teacher training programs to equip educators with the necessary knowledge, skills, and pedagogical approaches to effectively implement multicultural education in the classroom. The findings suggest the importance of integrating multicultural literacy across various subjects and learning activities to promote inclusive learning environments and prepare students for active citizenship in a multicultural society. The proposed strategies aim to address the complexities of cultural diversity and promote social cohesion and harmony in Indonesian schools. Overall, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on multicultural education and offers practical insights for policymakers, educators, and curriculum developers in Indonesia and other diverse societies.
 
 

Structure and Functioning of Urban Local Bodies in Infrastructure and its Challenges

India's society is now characterised by widespread urbanisation. Millions of people are moving to cities in search of employment because cities are the main benefactors of globalisation and are growing in population. This shows that Indian cities must act as the engine for the country's economy's structural change. Infrastructure has to be improved and upgraded, which necessitates active cooperation from both the state and federal governments. The 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution, which aim to establish an institutional framework for bringing about grass- roots democracy through the use of genuinely self-governing local bodies in both urban and rural areas of the nation, provide a clear mandate for democratic decentralisation in addition to the directive principle of state policy. The subjects covered in this research study include various urban local bodies, their relevance, their organisation, their tasks and responsibilities, and their problems and difficulties. Urban Local Bodies must deal with issues such financial scarcity, unplanned urbanisation, excessive state government control, and the proliferation of agencies, Low level of People’s Participation in socio-economic development. And how can the financial independence of urban local governments be increased? By incorporating technology, e-governance, financial instruments like municipal bonds, ensuring active citizen participation, and improving grievance redressal mechanisms. Keywords—urban local bodies, municipal corporation, municipal council, municipal bonds

MAKTAB TA’LIMIDA O‘ZGARUVCHAN DUNYOGA TAYYORGARLIK

At the beginning of this article, there is talk about the 21st cen- tury skills of students in acquiring modern professions and becoming an active citizen of society. Also, along with skills, subject knowledge and the reforms to be implemented in education to provide them effectively are an- alyzed. In this process, some negative factors affecting students’ mastery of lessons were also considered. Some solutions that should be implemented to eliminate these factors are also presented. The main part of the article is that the result of these movements is the preparation of the next gener- ation to acquire modern professions. The types of professions and their peculiarities are discussed in the article. Information about professions that will disappear in 2030 and appear in 2030, determined as a result of research, is given. At the end of these analyses, conclusions were given regarding the activities that should be comprehensively implemented in education in the rapidly changing world.

Are today's young people active citizens? A study of their sensitivity to socio-political issues and their social participation

Are today's young people active citizens? A study of their sensitivity to socio-political issues and their social participation

Enabling infrastructure: seeing infrastructure as the urban commons

ABSTRACT In response to the unprecedented urban challenges, there is an urgent call for alternative system of communal support that enable humanity to respond collectively to the crises it faces. In particular, cities need to proactively provide urban services and infrastructure that are able to adapt to the ever-increasing wicked problems. We propose ‘enabling infrastructure’ as a key instrument for the realization and operation of the enabling city. The essence of infrastructure is reframed from the perspective of urban commons, in which we focus on the necessity of urban commons-based design and provision of infrastructure that enable people to reconfigure their lives autonomously. We illustrate how enabling infrastructure can work in practice by demonstrating infrastructure in three settings: infrastructure AS urban commons (epistemological significance), infrastructure OF urban commons (mechanisms of co-production), and infrastructure FOR urban common (technical and institutional arrangements). First, we discuss how recognizing and (re)defining infrastructure as the urban commons is conducive to enabling people to be active citizens. Second, we examine mechanisms that commons-based production, design, and management of urban infrastructure is practiced for the enabling. Third, we demonstrate that the enabling is further facilitated by using infrastructure as a technical and institutional arrangements for the urban commons. Ultimately, this paper posits that a city itself needs to function as the commons and as a meta-infrastructure organizing other infrastructure into the commons level. Highlights A city needs to become an enabling city to respond to global crises Infrastructure of the city should be seen from the lens of the urban commons. The essence of infrastructure is to ‘enable’ people to be active citizens Enabling Infrastructure can work in three settings: as, of, for the urban commons.

THE VIEWS OF GREEK EDUCATIONALISTS ON THE ASSESSMENT OF THE KINDERGARTEN CURRICULUM CONTENT AND FUNCTION

High-quality education is considered as a crucial issue for every organised society since it prepares the next-to-come generation of active citizens. The assessment of the quality of education comprises the research object for a large number of researchers and members of the educational community, since through it the content and results of the assessment itself are examined. A structural feature of quality in education is the curriculum, inside which the very purpose of Kindergarten is reflected, which is no other than the wholesome development of toddlers. The objective of the present study was to investigate the views of general and special education teachers concerning the assessment of content as well as the operation of the curriculum proposed for the educational rank of Kindergarten. The study was conducted during the 2022-23 academic year, with the participation of 1204 educationalists (N: 864 general education Kindergarten teachers, N: 337 special education Kindergarten teachers) from all over Greece. The results of the research showed that the assessment of the pupils’ advancement relates to the type of education, whether, that is, the educationalists are employed within general education facilities or in special education ones, as well as to the number of pupils who attend each class. More on this, it surfaced that the dimension “Learning domains”, in which the content of the curriculum is being described, is affected by the number of pupils in each contextual class.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/lit/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Examining climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities of urban residents: A case study in Košice

As the impact of climate change begins to be felt all around the world, the vulnerability of urban areas due to their population density, high concentration of economic activities and the altered characteristics of the physical environment is becoming increasingly apparent. As a result, cities will play a crucial role in tackling climate change by fostering mitigation activities and managing and coordinating the adaptation process. Research has shown that engagement and awareness among citizens is vital in the promotion of effective adaptation policies, but studies have also drawn attention to the significance of the so-called “awareness-action gap,” the absence of a direct link between awareness and action. This study contributes to the ongoing debate over the awareness-action nexus by discussing the factors that can affect the adaptation and mitigation activities of urban citizens using the Slovak city of Košice as a case study. Data was collected using a survey conducted with local residents as part of the preparations for the city’s first adaptation strategy on climate change. The paper uses a two-step analysis to investigate the socio-economic, psychological and contextual factors associated with climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities. The results of the standard linear regression model indicate that self-assessed vulnerability is a determining factor in both the level of climate change awareness and the likelihood of individuals to take action. In the second step, we find that the factors which influence engagement in climate-friendly activities differ depending on the costs involved in implementing the activities. The exploratory analysis conducted using a machine learning algorithm suggests that the awareness-action nexus may be non-linear in nature. The main findings of this study imply that communication strategies should place a primary emphasis on individuals’ vulnerability to the negative impacts of climate change. The paper contributes to the existing research by providing a case study of a generally under-researched geographical area of Central Europe. In addition, the analysis provides a specific context of urban area and implications for local policymakers, something that has been lacking the in literature looking primarily at data at the country level.

The political process in nations: Civil society participation and income inequality

AbstractThis study delves into the influence of civil society participation on income inequality, a topic that has received limited scholarly attention. Civil society participation refers to the activities of citizens who organize into various groups, known as civil society organizations, to pursue common interests and goals. These organizations span a wide range, including interest groups, labor unions, spiritual bodies engaging in civic or political activities, social movements, professional associations, charities, and other nongovernmental entities. Our research utilizes an extensive panel dataset, encompassing a global sample of countries from 1975 to 2019. We aim to comprehensively analyze the direct effects of civil society participation on income inequality. Our findings reveal that higher levels of civil society participation are effective in reducing inequality over the short, medium, and long term. These results have significant implications for policymakers. They suggest that encouraging and facilitating civil society participation could be a viable strategy for addressing income inequality. By understanding the dynamics of how civil society engagement influences economic disparities, policymakers can better design and implement measures that promote more equitable economic outcomes. This research contributes to the broader discourse on economic inequality and the potential role of civil society in mitigating it.

Emotional reflexivity in the animal justice politics of sight: embodied moral shock and limit of the emotional repertoire

Farm occupation is a recent tactic and enacts a politics of sight, which makes visible hidden animal violence by the animal industry complex. Animal justice citizen activists (AJCAs) identify and enter farms to protest lawful violence against animals by documenting and sharing images from the inside. This article examines activists’ subjective experience of immersion in animal violence. The analysis shows that a politics of sight requires and introduces extreme, conflicting emotional demands on AJCAs, requiring a level of emotional reflexivity and negotiation that is sufficiently grasped by existing conceptions of emotional habitus and moral shock. The empirical study seeks to contribute to filling this gap. To do so, I investigated the role of emotional reflexivity during, and after, AJCAs’ bodily immersion in the context of animal violence. The latter is also at its core of an unexpected moral shock for which there is not an established emotional repertoire among AJCAs. Thus, I explored the conflictual tension and the emotional consequences that AJCAs must manage during and after immersion in animal violence.

Basic Disaster Skills During and After Disaster According to the Opinions of Firefig

This qualitative research was conducted with 19 experienced firefighters from the İzmir Metropolitan Municipality Fire Department, aiming to identify the essential skills citizens need during and after disasters. The study includes in-depth insights and experiences of the participants. According to the research results, primary skills highlighted during disasters include remaining calm, communication proficiency, moving to safe zones, trusting and collaborating with experts, and minimizing damage. Secondary skills emphasize practical abilities such as going to assembly points, reaching high places, possessing first aid knowledge, effective communication and information sharing, and preventing hazardous situations. The research indicates that citizens are expected to focus on primary skills like assisting search and rescue teams, going to assembly points, maintaining healthy communication and coordination, staying calm and hopeful, and collaborating with search and rescue teams during and after disasters. Secondary skills such as first aid, hygiene, personal care, social and psychological support aim to protect citizens' health, provide emotional support, and strengthen community solidarity after disasters. This research contributes significantly to promoting active citizen participation in disaster management and the development of curricula and policies based on disaster literacy skills.

Preprimary and Primary Education in India

The primary education objectives include developing basic literacy and numeracy skills fostering socialization and nurturing love for learning. It aims to prepare students for further education and life long learning. The near universalization of primary schooling is one of the great global achievements of past decades. In the early 1950s, 50% of primary school-aged children worldwide were out of school. Today, that figure stands at 11% Still, the most marginalized children remain cut off from primary education – deprived of their right to develop foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) skills. An estimated 70% of 10-year-olds in low- and middle-income countries are now unable to understand a simple written text. In low-income countries, only two thirds of children are estimated to complete primary school. Inequitable access exists across other divides: Children living in emergency and fragile settings, including refugee children, have fewer chances to complete primary school. Gender also plays a role, as girls who grow up in poor households are more likely than their male peers to have never attended or to have dropped out of primary school. Even for students in school, far too many are not learning the critical foundational skills (literacy and numeracy, but also digital and transferrable skills) they need to thrive. Primary education forms the bedrock of development. It is in primary school that children learn foundational skills that prepare them for life, work and active citizenship. Quality education empowers children and young people, safeguards their health and well-being, and breaks cycles of poverty.

Community social capital and self-rated health among older adults in urban China: the moderating roles of instrumental activities of daily living and smoking

Abstract Scholars have not yet explored the relationship between community social capital and self-rated health (SRH) among older adults in China in depth, including potential moderators in this relationship. In response to this gap, this study aimed to investigate the association between community social capital and SRH among urban Chinese older adults and the moderating roles of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and smoking. We used a quota sampling method to recruit 800 respondents aged 60 years and older from 20 communities in Shijiazhuang and Tianjin, China. SRH was used as the dependent variable. Binary logistic regression models with interaction terms were used to analyse the data. The results showed that trust (a cognitive social capital indicator), volunteering (a structural social capital indicator) and family social capital were significantly associated with SRH when controlling for other social capital indicators and covariates. Difficulties with IADL and smoking significantly moderated the association between community social capital and SRH. Cognitive social capital was only positively associated with SRH health among respondents who did not experience difficulty with IADLs. The positive association between citizenship activities and SRH was only significant among those who experienced difficulty with IADLs. The number of organisational memberships was negatively associated with SRH among respondents with a history of smoking. Volunteering was positively associated with SRH in respondents with a history of smoking. These findings highlight the important role of social capital in promoting SRH among older adults in urban areas of China and notably identify within-population heterogeneity in the associations between social capital and SRH. This study offers insights useful for developing social capital policies and interventions to meet the specific social needs of older adults with varied levels of difficulty with IADLs and health behaviours.

Scope of Global Citizenship Education in the Secondary level School Subjects of Bangladesh: A Critical Review of the National Curriculum Framework 2021

Global citizens are actors who are able to proactively and sensitively solve local and global issues. Global citizens are not born but created through education. Therefore, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) is a much discussed topic in recent educational discourses for its potential role in creating active and responsible citizens who hold specific knowledge, values, skills, and attitudes – such as solidarity, tolerance, empathy to solve local and global problems. This study aims to explore how the different subjects of secondary level (grade 6 to 10) have been conceptualised in the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2021 of Bangladesh to uphold the different knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes of GCED to create global citizens. We used qualitative content analysis to critically analyse the relevant part of NCF as a document. We juxtaposed and related the subject conceptualisations of the 10 subjects presented in the NCF with our GCED conceptual framework which is built on UNESCO (2015) provided GCED learning outcomes and Oxfam (2015) provided list of GCED knowledge, skills, values and attitudes. The findings show that the NCF has created a great deal of opportunities for the students to inculcate GCED knowledge, skills, attitude and values through all the ten subjects. The subject History and Social Science, because of its nature, incorporates the full set of GCED knowledge, skills, values and attitudes in their competency and subject-conceptualisation. After this subject, Digital Technology, Wellbeing, and English have incorporated GCED aspects the most. The rest of the subjects, Arts and Culture, Mathematics, Religion, Life and Livelihoods, and Bangla have also created some scopes for GCED. This study will help the researchers, policy- makers, and educators to bridge this policy document with detailed curriculum, textbooks, teacher professional development programs to evaluate the successfully translation and implementation of GCED in schools and training programmes that aim to create compatible citizens who can thrive in competitive and ever changing global contexts

COVID-19, Satirical Activism, and Chinese Youth Culture: An Introduction

This article introduces the key theme of the special issue on “satirical activism and youth culture in and beyond COVID-19 China.” It contextualizes the case studies offered by the five articles in the special issue in three key terms: COVID-19, satirical activism, and Chinese youth culture. It asks: What are the new and evolving forms and genres of satirical activism in China, and what is the implication of satirical activism on Chinese youth culture? The article points out the significance of the study of dynamics and politics of the relationship between humor and satire, youth, popular culture, and citizen activism in the era of digital connectivity and vernacular creativity; it calls for more research on the roles of humor and satire in manufacturing and managing consent and opinion.

Globale Kompetenzen und Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung. Eine bibliometrische Analyse zur Verortung der globalen Kompetenzen der OECD im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs

AbstractThe Programme for International Study Assessment (PISA) regularly assesses a set of interdisciplinary competences in addition to the traditional core domains. With the 2018 assessment of ‘global competences’, the OECD (2019) aims to support evidence-based decisions on the improvement of the curricula and teaching in order to prepare young people to become active and global citizens who contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In assessing this domain, the OECD is entering a field of research characterised by dynamic debates and heterogeneous research strands. The aim of this paper is to visualise the theoretical foundations on which the analytical PISA 2018 Global Competence Framework (OECD 2019) is based, allowing a transparent discussion of the different theoretical reference points. The bibliometric analyses reveal that discourses related to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) are hardly taken into account in the analytical framework. The paper subsequently formulates impetus from the ESD research field with the aim of linking discourses in the future.

Dreaming the active citizenship: a debate on the Roma/Gypsy opening and its news media coverage in Turkey

ABSTRACT The Roma Opening process of the ruling party of Turkey resulted in disappointment for Roma, similar to other opening processes regarding the rights and demands of the Kurdish and Alevite communities and their respective civil society organizations. This paper focuses on the dynamics and results of the Roma opening process within the framework of prospects for developing the notion of active citizenship in Turkey. The article also addresses the news media coverage of the Roma opening process and its aftermath, again investigating the role of the media in enhancing the ideals of active citizenship. Within these considerations, after a theoretical debate on the importance of active citizenship and the role of the media in its development, the Turkish case of the Roma/Gypsy question will be discussed concerning the Roma Opening process and its news media coverage based on a qualitative content analysis. Finally, particular attention will be devoted to the structural limits of active citizenship in Turkey.