Polyacrylate Research Articles

Selective Hydrolysis of Heterooligosaccharides by Poly(acrylate) Gel Catalysts

Selective Hydrolysis of Heterooligosaccharides by Poly(acrylate) Gel Catalysts

Biocompatible PVAc-g-PLLA Acrylate Polymers for DLP 3D Printing with Tunable Mechanical Properties.

The technological advancement of Additive Manufacturing has enabled the fabrication of various customized artifacts and devices, which has prompted a huge demand for multimaterials that can cater to stringent mechanical, chemical, and other functional property requirements. Photocurable formulations that are widely used for Digital Light Processing (DLP)/Stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing applications are now expected to meet these new challenges of hard and soft or stretchable structural requirements in addition to good resolution in multiple scales. Here we present a biocompatible photocurable resin formulation with tunable mechanical properties that can produce hard or stretchable elastomeric 3D printed materials in a graded manner. Acrylate poly(lactic acid) (PLA) grafted polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) polymer was mixed with hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and hydroxyl ethyl acrylate (HEA) as reactive diluents (50-70 wt %) in various compositions to form a series of photocurable resin formulations. Depending on the nature of the reactive diluent (HEMA or HEA) and their weight percentage, the mechanical properties of the 3D printed parts could be fine-tuned from hard (Tensile strength 20.6 ± 2 MPa, elongation 2 ± 1%) to soft (Tensile strength 1.1 ± 0.2 MPa, elongation 62 ± 8%) materials. The printed materials displayed remarkable dye absorption (95%), showing stimuli-responsive behavior for dye release (with respect to both pH and enzyme), while also demonstrating high cell viability (>90%) for mouse embryonic (WT-MEF) cells and degradability in PBS solution. These biobased 3D printing resins have the potential for a variety of applications, including tissue engineering, soft robotics, dye absorption, and elastomeric actuators.

Influence of Polyester and Acrylic Polymer Coatings on the Mechanical, Physical and Microstructural Characteristics of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Influence of Polyester and Acrylic Polymer Coatings on the Mechanical, Physical and Microstructural Characteristics of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Structure and Dynamics in Solid Electrolyte Composites of the Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal HMGFSI and Lithium Sulphonamide Functional Acrylate Polymer Nanoparticles.

Solid electrolyte composites between organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) and polymers can potentially show enhanced mechanical properties and ion conduction. These properties can be determined by the formation of interfacial regions which affect the structure, thermal properties, and ion transport of the composite material. Here we studied the properties of composites between the OIPC hexamethylguanidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (HMGFSI) and acrylate polymer nanoparticles functionalised with lithium, using various techniques including solid-state NMR spectroscopy. An enhancement in ionic conductivity of three orders of magnitude as well as increased lithium and OIPC cation and anion dynamics were observed in the composite as prepared with 40 v% of polymer nanoparticles with respect to the pure OIPC at 50 °C. This was attributed to the increased overall structural disorder as a result of the formation of disordered interfacial regions, which were evidenced by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the importance of the thermal history of these composites is highlighted, with differences in the conductivity and ion dynamics observed after melting and recrystallizing the OIPC component, leading to less disordered interfacial regions. This study enriches our fundamental understanding of the formation of interfacial regions in OIPC composites and their effect on the bulk properties of the electrolyte.

Improving the Mechanical, Thermoelectric Insulations, and Wettability Properties of Acrylic Polymers: Effect of Silica or Cement Nanoparticles Loading and Plasma Treatment

The acrylic polymer composites in this study are made up of various weight ratios of cement or silica nanoparticles (1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) using the casting method. The effects of doping ratio/type on mechanical, dielectric, thermal, and hydrophobic properties were investigated. Acrylic polymer composites containing 5 wt% cement or silica nanoparticles had the lowest abrasion wear rates and the highest shore-D hardness and impact strength. The increase in the inclusion of cement or silica nanoparticles enhanced surface roughness, water contact angle (WCA), and thermal insulation. Acrylic/cement composites demonstrated higher mechanical, electrical, and thermal insulation properties than acrylic/silica composites because of their lower particle size and their low thermal/electrical conductivity. Furthermore, to improve the surface hydrophobic characteristics of acrylic composites, the surface was treated with a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma jet. The DBD plasma jet treatment significantly enhanced the hydrophobicity of acrylic polymer composites. For example, the WCA of acrylic composites containing 5 wt% silica or cement nanoparticles increased from 35.3° to 55° and 44.7° to 73°, respectively, by plasma treatment performed at an Ar flow rate of 5 L/min and for an exposure interval of 25 s. The DBD plasma jet treatment is an excellent and inexpensive technique for improving the hydrophobic properties of acrylic polymer composites. These findings offer important perspectives on the development of materials coating for technical applications.

Surface Treatment of Oak Wood with Silica Dioxide Nanoparticles and Paraloid B72

Wood is a valuable material with incomparable advantages, though it is susceptible to biotic and abiotic factors action that affect it adversely and shorten its service life. In the current study, the surface modification of oak wood is carried out through brief immersion in a solution of acrylic polymer Paraloid B72, in which silica dioxide nanoparticles in the form of nanopowder were dissolved at different contents (1, 2, 3, and 4% w/v of the solution) aiming at the elimination of wood material hygroscopicity, and the protection and improvement of other properties. Specifically, the modified and unmodified wood specimens were characterized in terms of physical characteristics (density, equilibrium moisture content, colour, and surface roughness), hygroscopic properties (swelling and absorption percentage) and accelerated weathering performance using xenon light and cycles of moisturizing and drying. The results revealed the dimensional stability of the samples and a significant increase in the hydrophobicity of the modified wood, as well as a significant increase in the resistance to the ageing/weathering factors of oak wood, which was proportional to the increase in the presence of nanoparticles in the Paraloid B72 solution. The colour of the treated samples slightly changed towards darker shades, more reddish and yellowish (with L* to decrease, while a* and b* to slightly increase), though the treated wood revealed higher colour stability. The surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rq, and Rz) increased significantly, restricting the wide application of the treated wood in indoor or outdoor applications where surface roughness constitutes a critical factor. The findings of the current work contribute not only to the production of longer-lasting wood and timber structures, but also to the conservation of the existing weathered heritage timber structures.

Solid-State Lithium Batteries with In Situ Polymerized Acrylate-Based Electrolytes Capable of Electrochemically Stable Operation at 100 °C.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) typically consist of salts with mobile anions that could cause instabilities and parasitic side reactions in solid-state lithium (Li) batteries. To address this challenge, single-Li-ion conducting (SLIC) SPEs, where anions of Li salts are covalently attached to the polymer backbone, have been utilized to reduce the number of mobile anions. This approach improves the cationic transference number but is accompanied by a loss of ionic conductivity. In this work, we investigate a synergetic approach of using both a polymerizable SLIC salt and a conventional Li salt in a polymer matrix by in situ polymerization of the poly(propylene glycol) acrylate (PPGA) monomer. The synthesized hybrid SPEs show a high ionic conductivity of up to ∼2 × 10-4 S cm-1 and a relatively high Li-ion transference number of ∼0.4. With a significantly reduced fraction of mobile anions in the combined salt SPE, in situ polymerized SPE cells with a LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode achieve a stable performance for over 100 cycles at temperatures as high as 100 °C, which is unattainable with conventional Li salts or electrolytes. Furthermore, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra provide additional insights into differences in Li nucleus environments and emphasize a reduction in activation energy for hybrid SPEs due to their more open structure. This study opens the path for the fabrication of high-performance solid polymer Li batteries capable of operating at high temperatures using commercial battery fabrication equipment, as in situ polymerized acrylate-based polymers provide drop-in compatibility with conventional battery production, ease of acrylate polymerization, and inexpensive, facile SPE chemistry. We expect that further tuning of the acrylate-based SPE composition may allow further increases in its conductivity without sacrificing its electrochemical stability or mechanical properties.

Nanoscale Structures of Tough Microparticle-Based Films Investigated by Synchrotron X-Ray Scattering and All-Atom Molecular-Dynamics Simulation.

In this study, the nanoscale structures of microparticle-based films are revealed by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and all-atom molecular-dynamics (AA-MD) simulations. The microparticle-based films consisting of the simplest acrylate polymer microparticles are applied as a model because the films are formed without additives and organic solvents and exhibit high toughness properties. The characteristic interfacial thickness (tinter) obtained from the SAXS analysis reflects the mixing degree of polymer chains on the microparticle surface in the film. The cross-linking density of inner microparticles is found to be strongly correlated to not only several properties of individual microparticles, such as swelling ratio and radius of gyration, but also the tinter and toughness of the corresponding films. Therefore, the tinter and toughness values follow a linear relationship because the cross-linking restricts the mixing of polymer chains between their surfaces in the film, which is a unique feature of microparticle-based films. This characteristic also affects their deformation behavior observed by in situ SAXS during tensile testing and their density profiles calculated by AA-MD simulations. This work provides a general strategy for material design to control the physical properties and structures of their films for advanced applications, including volatile organic compound-free sustainable coatings and adhesives.

Ligand content and driving force effects on ion-ion permselectivity in ligand-functionalized membranes

Ion-selective membranes could enable sustainable critical material separations processes because of their scalability, low energy consumption, and low chemical input. The effects of membrane water content and incorporation of ion-coordinating ligands have been studied via computation and experiment to develop structure-performance relationships. However, few studies systematically investigate the effects of membrane composition beyond monomer chemical identity or the balance of driving forces such as diffusion and electromigration. Here we synthesized a library of poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate membranes with varying percentages of ion-coordinating monomers (acrylic acid, 4-vinylpyridine) to investigate the influence of ligand content on cation permeabilities and permselectivities. Trends in membrane performance under electrodialysis and diffusion were compared to elucidate the relative effects of separation driving forces and to inform electrochemical operation. We observed order-of-magnitude permeability reductions with ligand content for ions capable of multidentate ligand complexation, especially for nickel in the pyridine-containing membranes. As a result, lithium/nickel permselectivity gradually increased by a factor of 1.65 × from 10 to 50 mol% pyridine membranes. We further demonstrated simultaneous improvements in lithium/nickel separation productivity (1.75 ×) and selectivity (2.99 ×) with increasing electric potential driving force. Ultimately, results from this study provide design insights for ligand-functionalized membranes in electrified ion-ion separations processes.

Utilizing acrylic acid polymer hydrogel for 3-D quality assurance in CyberKnife radiotherapy

Dosimetry tools play a crucial role in radiotherapy as they are essential for recording and validating intricate 3-D dose distributions. This research introduces and examines a novel acrylic acid polymer hydrogel (ACAPHG) dosimeter composition designed for 3-D dose verification and quality assurance in the context of radiotherapy treatment. A phantom made of an 80 mm diameter cylindrical glass container was utilized. The phantom contained the hydrogel, which served as the medium for radiation exposure. The water equivalent hydrogel within the phantom was subjected to irradiation by a CyberKnife robotic radiotherapy system. An optical computed tomography (OCT) scanner with sub-millimeter resolution was used to obtain imaging data. The dose distribution of a CyberKnife robotic SRS/SBRT treatment plan for a brain cancer patient was compared to that of the hydrogel's OCT scan using 2-D and 3-D gamma analysis with a criterion of 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance-to-agreement. A gamma pass rate of 94.1% for the 2-D gamma analysis and a pass rate of 99% for the 3-D gamma analysis were calculated within the region at which the treatment planning system data drops to 20% of the maximum dose. The use of the ACAPHG dosimeter in conjunction with the described setup suggests that it has the potential to offer an accurate 3-D verification of complex dose distributions in SRS/SBRT radiotherapy treatments. By employing the ACAPHG dosimeter and utilizing OCT scanning, this dosimeter enables the assessment and validation of intricate dose distributions in these advanced radiotherapy treatments.

New Ibuprofen Cystamine Salts With Improved Solubility and Anti-Inflammatory Effect.

Two novel ibuprofen cystamine salts (IBU-CYS 1 and IBU-CYS 2) are synthesized by coupling the anion of ibuprofen with cystamine dihydrochloride in 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 ratio to improve the solubility and bioavailability of ibuprofen. The salts are characterized by 1HNMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA, DTA) and X-ray diffraction measurements. IBU-CYS 1 and IBU-CYS 2 show higher solubility (6.11 and 7.81 mg/mL) compared to ibuprofen (0.04 mg/mL) in water. IBU-CYS2 was encapsulated into 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: poly (ethylene glycol) acrylate hydrogels for enhanced delivery. The in vitro studies in PBS (pH 7.4) indicate that the salts are effective in relieving inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophage cells (nitrite inhibition percentages of IBU-CYS 1, IBU-CYS 2 and ibuprofen: approximately 34.29, 27.03 and 31.50 respectively) while indicating no cytotoxicity. Therefore, these salts may be promising candidates for the development of effective formulations of this drug.

An Exceptionally Salt Tolerant Copoly(Maleimide Sulfobetaine) - Structural Requirements for Ultra-Salt Tolerance.

Zwitterionic polymers are an important class of polymers with far-ranging applications. In the widely studied poly(meth)acrylate and poly(meth) acrylamide-based zwitterions, properties can be tuned by changing the nature of substituents attached to ammonium ions. However, these changes influenced salt tolerance of zwitterionic polymers only to a limited extent. Upon adding salt these polymers expanded in solution initially. Further increase in salt concentration caused the polymer chains to shrink similar to the common water soluble, uncharged polymers thereby deteriorating the viscosity of aqueous solutions. In contrast to the conventional poly(meth)acrylate and poly(meth)acrylamide-based zwitterions, zwitterionic copolymaleimides showed substituent dependent salt-tolerant nature. In the absence of any substituent on the polymer backbone such as zwitterionic poly(ethylene-alt-maleimide) (ZI-PEMA) the viscosity of salt solutions increased both with the increasing salt concentration as well as the concentration of polymer. This is likely due to the continuous expansion of polymer coil in salt solutions with increasing salt concentration caused primarily by the rigidity of the polymer backbone. ZI-PEMA also enhanced the saturation limit of mono- and divalent salts like sodium chloride and hydrated calcium bromide in water. This property is useful for various applications like fish curing, for making high-density fluids, refrigeration, etc. across various industrial sectors.

Angiographic and Histopathological Characteristics of a Novel Polyacrylate Liquid Embolic Agent Compared with Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer in a Large Animal Model

PurposeTo study the in vivo safety and effectiveness of a novel radiopaque nonadhesive polyacrylate (PA) peripheral liquid embolic system (AMBER SEL-P) relative to ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH, Onyx) in a healthy swine endovascular model. Materials and MethodsTwenty-five swine underwent rete mirabile and bilateral kidney embolization with PA or EVOH and were followed up for 24 hours (n = 5) and 30 days (n = 10), and 3 (n = 10) months. Angiographic features (penetrability, radiopacity, catheter entrapment, fragmentation, occlusion, and vasospasm) were evaluated. Necropsy and histology were used to evaluate the nontarget embolization, safety, and target embolization effectiveness by recanalization and analyze the vascular response. ResultsNo adverse events occurred during the embolization process or study period. The angiographic performance confirmed a significant positive effect of PA compared with that of EVOH in terms of penetrability (P = .007), catheter entrapment (P = .007), fragmentation (P = .007), vascular occlusion (P = .038), vasospasm (P = .038), and follow-up vascular occlusion (P = .038). Prenecropsy angiography found no vascular recanalization in the organs treated with PA, whereas it was detected at 3 months in 2 samples treated with EVOH. Histologically, PA was classified as nonirritant compared with EVOH under the study conditions according to ISO 10993-6:2016 as modified. No systemic effects during necropsy were detected in the animals treated with these agents. ConclusionsThis in vivo study concludes that the angiographic behavior of PA has advantages compared with EVOH. The embolization and biocompatibility of PA are similar to those of EVOH. PA is safe and effective for transarterial embolization in an acute, subacute, and chronic endovascular embolization models.

Adsorption of fluoxetine in aqueous environments: Development of macroporous cryogels based on sodium poly(acrylate) and carboxymethyl chitosan

This study focuses on the development of macroporous monoliths using cryopolymerization of sodium acrylate/carboxymethyl chitosan solutions for the adsorption of the antidepressant fluoxetine in aqueous environments. The cryogels were characterized using various analytical techniques, and the effects of pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The surface charge of the cryogel was negative when pHsolution > pHPZC, and pH 8.5 was optimal for swelling rates and fluoxetine removal efficiency. The NaPA4-CMCs cryogel (0.5 mg.mL−1) showed the best adsorption performance, with the pseudo-first-order model best describing the experimental kinetics data. The intraparticle diffusion model revealed rapid diffusion through macropores and mesopores. The Langmuir model fitted well to the experimental adsorption equilibrium data, with qmax = 80.6 ± 3.4 mg.g−1. The adsorption process was favorable, exothermic, and governed by physisorption, involving electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, π–π, and hydrophobic interactions. The binary solvent HCl (0.1 M)/methanol 1:1 v/v was effective for regenerating the adsorbent, with adsorption efficiency greater than 60 % after three cycles of reuse. The study highlights the potential of these macroporous monoliths for the effective removal of antidepressants from aqueous environments.

Nonlinear optical parameters and electronic properties of plasma polymerized methyl acrylate thin films

Plasma polymerized methyl acrylate (PPMA) thin films were fabricated on a borosilicate glass substrate at a plasma power of 28 W to study nonlinear optical parameters and electronic properties. X-ray Diffraction analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the PPMA films, while Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated monomer fragmentation due to plasma polymerization. Field emission scanning electron microscope images of the films display a water wave-like structure. PPMA films demonstrated thermal stability up to approximately 574 K in both N2 and air environments. The values of direct band gap energies increase from 3.30 to 3.41 eV with increasing film thicknesses, whereas the Urbach energy values show in an opposite manner. The Wemple-DiDomenico model was employed to analyze both the oscillator energies ranging from 5.54 to 6.44 eV and the dispersion energies ranging from 10.56 to 12.89 eV. The static linear refractive index showed typical dispersion behavior, with film thickness conforming to Moss's rule. The nonlinear refractive index and 2nd and 3rd order nonlinear susceptibilities decrease with increasing the studied films. The lattice dielectric constant values exceeded the high-frequency dielectric constant, indicating the presence of lattice vibrations and free carriers. Electronic parameters are fluctuating with increasing film thickness. The observed changes in nonlinear optical parameters and electronic properties highlight the potential of PPMA films for applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronics.

Co-occurrence of microplastics and microparticles containing Cu and Zn and other heavy metals in sea-surface microlayer in Osaka Bay, Japan

Antifouling biocides such as Cu, Zn, and organic compounds not only inhibit adhesion of sessile organisms on ship hull but also possess toxicity to non-sessile organisms in marine environment. Thus, we firstly investigated the heavy metals and polymer types of anthropogenic microparticles (MPs) floating in the sea-surface microlayer (S-SML) in Osaka Bay. 7 types of MPs containing different metals (Cu, Cu-Zn, Zn, Ti, Sn, Ba and Fe-Mn-Ni) were found. The polymer type for 97.8 % of Cu and Cu-Zn MPs (41 samples) and 52.6 % of Zn MPs (19 samples) was acrylic resins which are widely used as binders in contemporary antifouling paints for ships; concentrations of 511–54,000 mg/kg for Cu and 95.1–13,200 mg/kg for Zn were found in these MPs. The high metal concentrations found the co-existence of acrylic polymers point towards an origin from antifouling paint particles (APPs). Furthermore, to quantify Cu and Zn concentrations in these MPs based on X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μ-XRF), calibration curves obtained from standard paint particles containing different Cu and Zn concentrations and different particle sizes made with similar matrix used in commercial antifouling paint were firstly established, according to which highly reliable Cu and Zn concentrations in MPs were obtained.

Modified cellulose nanofibrils as enhancers for thin UV-curable matte coatings on digital printing decorative panels

To enhance the surface properties of a thin ultraviolet (UV)-curable matte coating film (less than 20 µm) for the digital printing decorative panels, the aldehyde-containing cellulose nanofibril (CNF) coupled with hyperbranched poly (amido amine) grafting was selected as a reinforcing agent. The viscoelastic properties of the coating and physical and mechanical characteristics of the corresponding decorative panels were evaluated. The results revealed that the incorporation of the modified CNF increased the viscosity of nanocomposite coatings at low shear rates, while at shear velocities exceeding 10 1/s, the viscosity approached that of the pure coating. The modified CNFs dispersed well in coatings and the nanocomposite coating showed excellent stability. Moreover, the incorporation of CNF clearly enhanced the tensile strength of the coating film. Additionally, the modified CNF physically and chemically bonded to the polymer chains within the UV-curable coating. Furthermore, the modified CNF facilitated the optimal distribution of silica in the acrylic polymer when added at 5 wt%. The panels with the modified matte coating exhibited marginally improved clarity compared to that of the original boards. Moreover, the inclusion of the modified CNF resulted in reduced gloss, enhanced hardness, and improved yellowing resistance compared to the original panels, thereby enhancing the quality of the new product.

Multi-scale ceramic self-extinguishing fire retardant coating based on scale armor layer

Currently, designing an efficient and broadly applicable (suitable for foams, wood, steel, plastic) fire-retardant coating remains a significant challenge. This work introduces a multi-scale micro-nanostructured hybrid fireproof coating. The composite features basic fillers that include ceramic glass microspheres, while its interior comprises an inorganic aerogel made from nano black phosphorus and silicon dioxide nanofibers for reinforcement, with a phosphorus-containing acrylic polymer serving as the base. Upon exposure to elevated temperatures, the coating’s surface transforms into a solid char layer resembling scale armor, effectively functioning as a robust fire barrier to protect the underlying substrate. The coating treated rigid polyurethane foam achieved an exceptionally high Limiting Oxygen Index of 45 %, outperforming comparable products. In terms of flame retardancy and smoke suppression, this innovative coating significantly reduces Peak Heat Release Rate (50.3 %) and Total Smoke Production (54.9 %). Notably, it exhibits rapid self-extinguishing capabilities within seconds during butane flame tests at temperatures exceeding 1100 °C, demonstrating remarkable resistance to high-temperature flames. This research offers a straightforward methodology for developing high-performance fireproof coatings, with promising applications across various industrial settings.

Organic Capillary Barriers for Soil Water Accumulation in Agriculture: Design, Efficiency and Stability

Acute shortage of water resources and high unproductive water losses are the key problems of irrigated agriculture in arid regions. One of the possible solutions is to optimize soil water retention using natural and synthetic polymer water absorbers. Our approach uses the HYDRUS-1D design to optimize the placement of organic water absorbents such as peat and composite hydrogels in the soil profile in the form of water-storing capillary barriers. Field testing of the approach used a water balance greenhouse experiment with the cultivation of butternut squash (butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne, 1786)) under sprinkler irrigation with measurement of the soil moisture profile and unproductive water losses in the form of lysimetric water outflow. In addition, the biodegradation rate of organic water absorbents was studied at the soil surface and at a depth of 20 cm. Organic capillary barriers reduced unproductive water losses by 40–70%, retaining water in the topsoil and increasing evapotranspiration by 70–130% with a corresponding increase in plant biomass and fruit yield. The deepening of organic soil modifiers to the calculated depth not only allowed capillary barriers to form, but also prevented their biodegradation. The best results in soil water retention, plant growth and yield according to the “dose-effect” criterion were obtained for a composite superabsorbent with peat filling of an acrylic polymer matrix. The study showed good compliance between the HYDRUS design and the actual efficiency of capillary barriers as an innovative technology for irrigated agriculture using natural and synthetic water absorbents.

Hydrogel ionic diode with ultra-high rectification ratio for ionic circuit

Organisms transmit signals through complex ion systems, and signal transmission in artificial electronic circuits mainly depends on electrons. The development of rectifier ionic diode, grounded in ion transport principles, paves ways for artificial bionic circuit and seamless human–machine interaction. Among its pivotal performance indicators, the ion rectification ratio (IR) is of primal importance, facilitating enhanced ion selectivity, bolstered energy efficiency, and robust, high-performing operations. Here, hybrid hydrogel ionic diode based on chitosan (CS) doped with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-21,23H-porphyrin (TAPP)/sodium polyacrylate (PAAs) doped with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-21,23H-porphyrin (TPPS) was constructed to achieve a high IR. This design achieved a remarkable feat by elevating the IR from 5.57 to an unprecedented 158.64, surpassing previous benchmarks set by hydrogel-based ionic diodes. Moreover, this study emphasizes the selectivity of polyelectrolytes to different porphyrin structures, as well as the charge properties of the groups carried by porphyrins. It delves into the fundamental mechanisms underpinning their interactions, providing a comprehensive understanding of their behavior. In order to demonstrate the excellent rectification characteristics and practical applicability of the CS-TAPP/PAAs-TPPS ionic diode, we successfully integrated it into the full-wave rectification and logic gate system. The full-wave rectifier can convert a 1.2 V sinusoidal voltage input to a 0.8 V full-wave voltage output. This shows the advantages of high IR ionic diodes. It offers insights for the development of high-performance hydrogel-based ionic diodes, and promotes the advancement of novel biomimetic devices and ionic circuits.