Acquired Colour Vision Deficiencies Research Articles

Nomograms for the Assessment of Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test Scores

Although the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test is a sensitive means of evaluating congenital and acquired color vision deficiencies, using the data it provides involves complex calculations. We have developed two nomograms that permit the clinician to determine quickly and easily whether a given score is normal for the patient's age and whether the difference between fellow eyes is within the normal range.

Reversible colour vision defects in obstructive jaundice.

The ocular function of 14 non-alcoholic, high icteric patients with recent occlusion of the common bile duct and 3 patients with viral hepatitis with a cholestatic pattern was studied. By means of a colour vision test panel including the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test, 12 patients were initially classified as colour defective with a pattern of acquired colour vision deficiency (ACVD), predominantly of a tritan type. Visual acuity, visual field, slit lamp microscopy, intraocular pressure, ophthalmoscopy and tear secretion tests were normal, and all patients had normal levels of serum vitamin A. Retesting of 4 initially colour defective patients after disappearance of the obstructive jaundice showed a complete normalisation of the ACVD's. It is concluded, that the colour perception in patients with obstructive jaundice is related to the serum bilirubin level, and not to a deficiency of vitamin A.

On acquired deficiency of colour vision, with special reference to its detection and classification by means of the tests of Farnsworth

Some three-quarters of a century ago the various forms of acquired colour vision deficiencies had already been well studied by Koenig, von Kries, Koellner, and other German scientists using spectral devices. However, these studies have been greatly neglected, and it is only within the last few years that there has been a renewed interest in this field, of which the first approach has been greatly facilitated in the meantime by the Panel D-15 and the 100-Hue of Farnsworth. Generally speaking, nearly all ocular diseases give rise to absorption systems, while lesions in the deeper layers of the retina elicit a predominant reduction of the blue-yellow sense, and lesions in the ganglion layer and in the optic nerve mainly result in a reduction of the red-green sense.