Acne Problems Research Articles

Impact of Acne on the Quality of Life of Adolescents in the Territory of the Northern and Southern Regions of Montenegro

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly known as a disease of adolescents. We aimed to assess the quality of life of adolescents with acne in the territory of northern and southern regions of Montenegro. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024, in four secondary schools in the north and south of Montenegro with total number of 561 subjects. To assess the quality of life of adolescents with acne we used the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index and to measure acne-related disability we used The Cardiff Acne Disability Index. Results: The average value of the total CDLQI score among adolescents from the northern region of Montenegro was 4.45±3.31, and 4.03±3.50 among southern region. The average value of the total CADI score among adolescents from the northern region of Montenegro was 3.56±1.77, and 3.50±1.98 among adolescents from the southern region. A statistically significantly higher mean value of sub scores in adolescents from the northern region compared to adolescents from the southern region existed in the domain of symptoms and feelings, vacation and treatment (P< 0.05). The regression analysis was also performed. Conclusion: This study confirms the negative impact of acne on the quality of life of Montenegrin adolescents, especially those in the northern region. It is necessary to give more attention to the acne problems from doctors, and to increase awareness among adolescents and provide them early and the most effective therapy.

Exploring Juniperus phoenicea L extract through phytochemical analysis, anti-lipase effects, and comprehensive molecular studies

Lipase inhibitors are used in the treatment of candidiasis, obesity, and acne problems. Therefore, the investigation of new natural lipase inhibitors has generated great interest. Juniperus phoenicea is a small Mediterranean tree considered an important medicinal plant. Through this work, we investigated the composition and inhibition effect of J. phoenicea extract on Candida rugosa and human lipases; and we analyzed the interactions between detected compounds and lipases using molecular docking, ADME-T, and dynamic studies. We extracted the secondary metabolites from the plant aerial parts and tested their activities against lipase. We examined major components of J. phoenicea, using Autodock vina for molecular docking, Desmond from Schrodinger suite 2021–1 for dynamics, and evaluating its drug-likeness and toxicity properties using ADMET webserver. We found that the IC50 values of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts are 1.33±0.10 and 1.731 mg/mL. Using HPLC quantitative analysis we identified in ethyl acetate extract the following phenolic compounds gallic acid, rutin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, cinnamic acid, and quercetin. The complex apigenin-7-O-glucoside-lipase is stabilized by four hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, and the binding energy equals -10 Kcal/mol, which is better than the interactions saved for orlistat. Dynamic Simulation demonstrated better stability in the ligand-protein complex apigenin-7-O-glucoside-1lpb within 100 ns than the orlistat-1lpb complex. This study is described in this work for the first time. The results indicated that apigenin-7-O-glucoside from J. phoenicea L could be a good choice to develop a new drug candidate against candidiasis, obesity, and other lipase-related diseases.

Assessment of Prevalence, Knowledge of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Health-related Practices among Female Nurses in Lebanon

Introduction In women of reproductive age, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine illness that has detrimental effects on metabolism, reproduction, the endocrine system, and psychological health. The quality of life for women with PCOS is significantly impacted by its symptoms related to excess androgen and atypical menstruation. Objective There is a scarcity of data on female nurses' knowledge concerning PCOS and health-related practices. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, knowledge, and practices of PCOS among female nurses in Lebanon. In addition, we assessed whether these nurses have menstrual irregularities, obesity, hirsutism, extreme acne problems, and whether they are aware of the syndrome or not. Methods Using a self-administered questionnaire in Arabic and English languages, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among Lebanese female nurses. Demographic characteristics were reported using descriptive statistics. The differentiating, associating, and correlating characteristics of the variables were reported using inferential statistics. Results The vast majority of respondents (91.5%) had good knowledge, and (39.6%) had good health-related practices. Nearly half (47.2%) were suspected to develop PCOS, and 8.5% were diagnosed based on signs and symptoms. According to the study's findings, nurses were unaware of the condition even though many exhibit its symptoms. The study also reported that 31.1% of participants were overweight, and eight (7.5%) were obese. Conclusion Despite having knowledge of the PCOS risk factors, females had considerably less practice in related fields of health. Female nurses with suspected or confirmed PCOS should seek immediate medical help since early diagnosis or treatment for PCOS is useful in enhancing their quality of life.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COFFEE CONSUMPTION AND SLEEP QUALITY WITH THE INCIDENCE OF ACNE VULGARIS

Acne vulgaris, or acne, was a common skin problem that occurred in adolescents and young adults, and had a significant psychological impact, especially on individual self-confidence. The high prevalence of this issue, along with factors such as dietary patterns, sleep habits, and coffee consumption, led to a need for deeper understanding of its relationship with skin conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and sleep quality with the occurrence of acne vulgaris. The research method used a quantitative approach with a survey design and descriptive correlational method in a cross-sectional research approach. The instruments included a coffee consumption questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.707 and a PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.888. The study sample consisted of students from Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Kampus Sumedang who experienced acne problems, frequently consumed coffee, and had insufficient sleep hours. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires that covered information about coffee consumption patterns and types of coffee consumed, as well as sleep patterns. The research results indicated that there was no significant relationship between coffee consumption and the occurrence of acne vulgaris, with a p-value of 0.106 (>0.05). However, there was a significant association between sleep quality and the occurrence of acne vulgaris, with a p-value less than 0.001. The conclusion from this study was that coffee did not directly impact the growth of acne, but poor sleep quality could directly affect acne occurrence. Further research is expected to explore other factors that may cause acne vulgaris.

Comparative Analysis Of The Level Of Knowledge Of Choosing Acne Skin Care Products On Beauty Students With Culinary Students

Beauty problems are problems that are never discussed, one of which is acne, a skin problem that is often faced, especially by teenagers. Facial skin care is really needed to help overcome acne, ingredients that can overcome acne problems such as Glycolic acid, Salicylic Acid, Benzoyl Peroxide, and also Tea tree oil with its various different benefits. The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a comparison in the level of knowledge in choosing products for acne-prone skin between beauty and culinary students. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling method with the criteria of students experiencing acne skin problems. The results of the research show that the level of knowledge of students majoring in beauty and culinary is 71.89 and 63.39 respectively, this shows that students majoring in beauty have a higher level of knowledge about acne facial care than culinary majors in the sufficient category. The choice of products between students majoring in beauty and culinary was 48.85 and 41.47 respectively, this shows that students majoring in beauty products in choosing products for acne-prone skin were higher than culinary majors in the category of less in choosing products for acne-prone skin. . Then a comparison of the level of knowledge in choosing products for acne-prone skin between students majoring in Beauty and students majoring in Culinary with results of 70.43 and 60.75 respectively, this shows that students majoring in beauty are higher than students majoring in Culinary in the sufficient category. It can be concluded that students majoring in beauty and culinary are still quite lacking in choosing products for acne-prone skin which results in many students still having acne, even though when compared the level of knowledge of students majoring in beauty is slightly higher than students majoring in culinary beauty.

Formulation and Determination of Tannin and Flavonoid Levels of Anti-Acne Gel Formulation from Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum)

Acne is a common skin condition that often occurs among teenagers and adults aged 18-23 years. Acne can be triggered by several factors, genetic, psychological, weather, stress, cosmetics, and bacterial infections. In addressing the problem of acne, a good dosage form to use is a gel preparation. Acne skin care by utilizing natural ingredients, one of which is red betel leaf. Red betel leaf contains phytochemical compounds, namely tannins and flavonoids, which function as antibacterial agents. The formulation of anti-acne gel is designed by varying the concentration extract, F0 (0%), F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%), with the aim of determining the best anti-acne gel formulation. Red betel leaf extract is tested for tannin and flavonoid levels using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer test method. The gel preparation is examined, including organoleptic testing, pH testing, homogeneity testing, and spreading testing. The research results show that red betel leaf extract has a tannin content of 4.7056% and a flavonoid content of 0.0934%. The results of the anti-acne gel preparation study meet the requirements for organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, and spreading. Based on the results of various concentrations of extract, satisfactory results are obtained, with formulations F2 and F3 meeting the requirements.Acne; Gel; Extract; Piper crocatum

Antibacterial Test Of Ethanol Extract Gel Preparation Kencur Rhizome (Kaempferia Galanga) Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the bacteria that causes acne. infections can be treated by using natural antibiotics. galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) contains chemical compounds including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids/steroids where these active compounds have an antibacterial function that can overcome acne problems on the surface of the skin. Galangal rhizome ethanol extract gel preparations were made with 3 variations of concentration (10%, 15% and 20%). The aim of this research was to determine whether the ethanol extract gel preparation of kencur rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and to determine the physical quality of the gel preparation. The method used is an experimental laboratory which is useful for determining the effect of ethanol extract of kencur rhizomes with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% on Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in gel preparations. The antibacterial test was carried out using the well diffusion method. The antibacterial test results with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% respectively were 13.68; 13.60 ; 14.24 mm has an influence on the inhibition zone of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The research results showed that a concentration of 20% had the highest bacterial inhibitory power.

Fear of Negative Evaluation, Appearance Distress and Inferiority Complex among University Women Having Acne Problem

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and inferiority complex in university women with acne problems. Study also explored the mediating role of appearance distress between the variables. A correlational survey research designed was employed to execute the research. Data was collected through purposive sampling and the sample was of university women (n= 220) with acne problem. The tools for the study were ‘Brief Version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Leary,1983), Appearance Anxiety Inventory Scale (David Veale, 2011), COMPIN Scale (Djordje Ceklija, 2017) for Inferiority Complex. For data analysis, Partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied via statistical software, i.e. Smart-PLS (version-4 M4). The measurement model showed high reliability and validity and the structural model revealed positive and significant direct and indirect effect of appearance distress between the fear of negative evaluation and inferiority complex among women having acne problem. Practical and societal implications have been discussed for the women having acne, counselors and clinicians.

Efficacy of mindfulness meditation to improve quality of life in young women with polycystic ovarian disease

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of women’s most common endocrine disorders that can cause anxiety, psychological distress, and reduced quality of life (QOL). Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a 9-week mindfulness-based meditation program on the QOL and general health parameters in young women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This study was implemented on women diagnosed with PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria. The program was conducted for 9 weeks, beginning with a 15 min session and gradually increasing it to 60 min. The program included techniques on breath focus, body scan, “Om” chanting, mindful breathing, thinking, seeing, and listening. Pre-intervention questionnaires were given to the participants. These were a PCOS questionnaire (PCOSQ), a general health-related QOL questionnaire, and a five-item questionnaire for acne problems. Responses of participants were analyzed using 22 SPSS statistical software. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean of pre- and post-intervention Likert scale response values for the 26-item PCOSQ. There was no significant difference in the mean of pre- and post-intervention Likert scale response values for the acne questionnaire. Before the intervention, majority of them were unsatisfied with their health condition, only 8% reported “excellent” health, after the intervention 63% reported “very good.” 42% reported a reduction in pain, and 71% reported that they were calm and peaceful “most of the time.” Conclusion: Results showed that mindfulness meditation intervention had caused a significant change in general health and QOL of patients with PCOS.

Sorbus Aucuparia L. Fruit Extract and its Cosmetics – As Promising Agents for Prophylactic and Treatment of Pyodermitis: Phytochemical and Microbiological Research

Background: The problem of acne is relevant. The market mostly represents synthesized substances for prevention and treatment, but medical cosmetics based on plant-origin raw material, especially fruits, can be offered. The fruits of Sorbus aucuparia L. are rich in biologically active substances, which turned out to be unique in solving problems of acne. Objective: The aim of the research was to study the phenolic composition and microbiological activity of the S. aucuparia fruit extract and the proposed medicinal cosmetics to prove the possibility of their use for the treatment of pyodermitis. Methods: The phenolic compounds of the S. aucuparia fruit extract obtained with 70% ethanol solution were studied by HPLC. The microbiological research was carried out by methods of diffusion into agar. Results: In the S. aucuparia extract gallic acid, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, ellagic acid, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin-3-D-glucoside, chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic and р-coumaric acids, umbelliferone were identified and quantified. The antimicrobial activity of the S. aucuparia extract has been established. The synergism of antimicrobial activity of 1/4 and 1/64 minimal suppression concentration erythromycin against all tested Staphylococci strains was manifested by the extract. Biological active substances of S. aucuparia fruits more effectively restore sensitivity to erythromycin in Staphylococci with low macrolide resistance of Staphylococci (MLS-resistance) due to blocking reflex mechanisms. Conclusion: The S. aucuparia fruit extracts are rich in phenolic compounds and show antimicrobial activity against all used test-strains of microorganisms. The results of the study indicate their high antimicrobial activity against the main pathogens of pyodermitis - S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Anti-acne Face Scrub

During the puberty, an imbalance of internal constituents and hormonal balance may cause many skin problems. Acne is found as a most common skin problem. The current proposal aims to unfold the potential benefits of coriander to combat acne problems. Medicinal plants are used all over the world to treat various diseases due to its variety of phytochemical constituents. Ideally, topical therapy is the primary treatment for many skin diseases. Among the various topical formulations, face scrub has been considered as a potential vehicle due to its non-sticky nature, stability and greater aesthetic value. The objective of this proposed study was to develop a herbal topical facial scrub formulation containing Coriandrum sativum to treat acne and serve as a safe, effective and alternative therapy to the current conventional harmful antibiotics. Extracts of the selected plant were incorporated into a cream base and evaluated for its physicochemical properties such as pH, spreadability and antibacterial activity against S. epidermis. The physicochemical evaluation of the developed formulation showed no lumps along with easy washability, good spreadability and neutral pH. The study results concluded that the ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum in a cream base system is an appropriate formulation for the for topical therapy of acne vulgaris.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN OBAT TRADISIONAL DI DESA PANCASARI

Traditional medicine is now no longer a taboo subject for the community, currently many people's lifestyles lead back to nature by using herbal medicines, one of which is increasing the use of these herbal medicines so that it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of the Pancasari Village community in the use of traditional medicine.To determine the influence of factors that underlie people's behavior regarding the use of traditional medicines in Pancasari Village.This research is a type of observational research that is descriptive quantitative, with the research design used is Cross Sectional and the sampling technique used in this research is the Side Purposive Technique. The number of samples is 96 respondents, data management uses SPSS by analyzing Univariate Test data and Logistic Regression Analysis.Logistic Regression Analysis of sociodemographic factors on people's behavior in using traditional medicines in Pancasari Village, there are several factors that influence people's behavior in using traditional medicines in Pancasari Village with a significant value, namely the age factor p-value = 0.045 (p <0.05 ), income factor p-value = 0.034 (p<0.05), and occupational factors that obtain a significant p-value = 0.042 (p<0.05). Plants that are often used by the community in the use of traditional medicine are ginger/red ginger to treat throat problems by 15 people (15.6%), turmeric for treating menstrual pain by 10 people (10.4%), and lime for increased endurance and overcome acne problems as many as 10 people (10.4%).There is an influence of age, income and occupation on people's behavior in the use of traditional medicines in Pancasari Village, Buleleng Regency.

Weizmannia coagulans Extracellular Proteins Reduce Skin Acne by Inhibiting Pathogenic Bacteria and Regulating TLR2/TRAF6-Mediated NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathways.

As a probiotic, Weizmannia coagulans (W. coagulans) is often used in food and medicine to regulate intestinal flora and exert anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the anti-acne efficacy and mechanism of extracellular proteins (YTCY-EPs) from W. coagulans YTCY strain are analyzed. The main components of YTCY-EPs, extracted and separated from the fermentation broth, are peptides ranging from 1.51 to 11.44kDa, accounting for about 80%. Among the peptides identified by LC/MS-MS, YTCY_A-F possess the properties of antimicrobial peptides, while YTCY_1-4 possess antioxidative properties. These peptides have a strong effect on Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) and significantly inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition rate of biofilm adhesion of YT-EPs to C. acnes reached 50% under the MIC. It was found that YTCY-EPs possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It can effectively reduce active oxygen nearly 3 times and can reduce the downstream TLR2/NF-κB and MAPKs/AP-1 pathways by regulating the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1 in vitro. The transcriptional expression of inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinase genes is also regulated, thereby slowing the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the development of inflammation, and increasing keratinocyte mobility. In addition, the expression levels of inflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteinases in the rabbit ears with acne problems that were tested with YTCY-EPs were significantly reduced, and it was obviously observed that the rabbit ear inflammation, acne, and keratinization problems were repaired. The results of this study prove that YTCY-EPs can be used as a potential anti-acne raw material in cosmetics.

Fraksinasi Sari Kulit Buah Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata) Mentah Tua dan Evaluasi Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition performed the acne due to bacterial activity that infects the skin. Acne problems are often the cause of a person that decrease in self-confidence. One of the most common acne-causing bacteria is Propionibacterium acnes. P.acnes is a gram-positive bacterium with its morphological, shape, properties and composition classified in the group of corynebacteria, but this type of bacteria is not toxigenic or bacteria that does not produce toxic substances (toxic). One of the materials that can be used for acne medication is banana peel. Banana peels are residual waste products from domestic industrial production. The waste of Banana peels have potential as an antibacterial. They contain secondary metabolites such as phenolics, quinones and flavonoids which can act as antibacterials. The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activity of raw kepok banana (Musa acuminata) peel extract against Propionibacterium acne bacteria as a cause of acne. Antibacterial activity test in this study was carried out using the well diffusion method to see how the antibacterial effect of raw kepok banana peel (Musa acuminata) had on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. Kepok banana peel extracts were fractionated with hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The results of the antibacterial activity test for the three fractions showed that the water fraction of kepok banana peel extract represented the best inhibition zone of 10.02 ± 0.05 mm, 11.28 ± 0.13 mm, 12.38 ± 0.02 mm and 16.97 ± 0.36 with a strong category at successive concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%.

Analysis of Marketing Segmentation and Its Implementation on 7ps Erha’s Treatment Ultimate Acne Cure Using K-Means Clustering

K-Means is a non-hierarchical data grouping method that separates existing data into two or more groups. This method separates existing data into groups so that data with the same character is included in the same group and data with different characters is grouped into other groups. This study aims to produce an analysis that can classify Erha Clinic product/treatment data for March 2022 period using software SPSS 25 IBM to make marketing strategies more targeted. This study divided Erha Clinic product/treatment data with attributes of age group, type of plan, gender, education and total purchase into three clusters (Cluster Metrosexual, Cluster Millenials and Cluster Generation Z). The clustering process is 10 iterations with a minimum distance between clusters of 8,746. The significance value indicates that there is a significant difference between cluster 1, cluster 2 and cluster 3 related to Gender as one of the attributes in the study. The results of clusters show that the marketing target chosen by Erha Clinic is in cluster 3 (Gen-Z Persona) due to acne problems are mostly experienced by young people and although the transaction price is cheap, in the cluster 3 has the most purchased acne products compared to the purchase of the Advance plan and Basic plan bundling in cluster 1 and cluster 2.

Acne Treatment Using a Combination Acupuncture and Fractional Laser

Introduction: Acne is a health problem that is often experienced, especially in adolescents and young adults. Acne can cause self-doubt and affect a person's quality of life. Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of a combination of acupuncture and fractional laser therapy in treating acne problems. This study will collect data from respondents who have acne and see the results of their treatment using a combination of acupuncture and fractional laser therapy. Method: The research method used by the author is a quantitative experimental design with a pre-post-test design. Result and Discussion: The results of this study will assist in understanding the effectiveness of combined acupuncture and fractional laser therapy in the treatment of acne and provide recommendations for clinical practice. The results showed that the use of acupuncture and fractional laser combination therapy in acne cases showed significant changes. Conclusion: The GAGS score before therapy was at the severe level, changing to mild, and some were in the none category or completely cured, so that it can be concluded that this combination therapy can be an effective therapy for acne cases.

Essential oil of Lippia alba impedes the growth of Propionibacterium acnes by modulating membrane potential and ROS level

IntroductionPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive, opportunistic bacterium, that causes infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as acne vulgaris synovitis-acnes-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome, sarcoidosis, and prostate cancer. Earlier evidence suggests that essential oils have been used to treat skin diseases and disorders since ancient times. Thus, the present study investigated the anti-microbial activity of 28 essential oils from nine families, including Lamiaceae, Poaceae, Geraniaceae, Myrtaceae, Zingiberaceae, Verbenaceae, Cupressaceae, Asteraceae, and Cyperaceae against P. acnes. MethodsThe anti-bacterial susceptibility and efficacy of the essential oils were examined using paper disc diffusion, broth micro-dilution, time-kill kinetics and ROS assays. P. acnes was cultured under anaerobic conditions. The kinetic process evaluated the time and dose-dependent effects of essential oils. The alteration in membrane potential and ROS production were measured in terms of mean fluorescence intensity. Consequently, the chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS analysis. ResultsEighteen essential oils inhibited the growth of P. acnes with a clear zone of 5 – 20.33 mm. Eucalyptus, Mentha, Palmarosa, Lemongrass, Citronella, Geranium, Patchouli, Ocimum, and Clarysage possess better antibacterial activity (ZGI: 10.33 ± 2.31 mm - 20.33 ± 4.72 mm). Lippia alba oil showed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.125% v/v, and the MIC of Mentha, Ocimum, and Patchouli oils ranged from 0.25% to 0.50% v/v. Further, the concentration and time-kill kinetic study indicated that L. alba and O. sanctum oils suppress the growth at MIC till 12 h and at 2 × MIC until 72 h. Moreover, the oils induced ROS production with one fold change at 2 × MIC. In addition, O. sanctum oil altered the membrane integrity with a fold change of 1.0 and 2.0 at MIC and 2 × MIC, respectively, while L. alba oil modified a fold change of 1.0. Discussion/conclusionThe essential oils suppressed bacterial growth by inducing ROS and modulating membrane integrity. Therefore, L. alba and O. sanctum essential oils could be used as an alternative to chemicals/drugs for treating microbe-associated acne problems.

Social media usage as health communication platform by adolescents with acne in Indonesia

Social media has become a platform often used for health communication in Indonesia. The age group that uses it the most is adolescents who at that age are having acne problems. It has led to the emergence of the phenomenon of increasing health communication about acne on social media, from the need for curing information to psychological support. However, not all social media can be used by adolescents with acne to get the right health communication. Therefore, this research will examine the use of social media in conducting effective health communication by adolescents with acne using the theory of Computer-Mediated Communication along with health communication scope. This study aimed to determine the choice of social media use and the forms of health communication activities conducted by adolescents with acne on social media. The method used is descriptive qualitative, by conducting interviews with adolescents with acne in Indonesia. The results of this study are that there are six social media used by adolescents with acne. Instagram is mainly used as well as considered the most effective. The scope of health communication is around information related to healing, support and motivation, and health promotion by interacting interpersonally and uploading content to a broad audience. These findings can be a consideration for adolescents with acne and the general public using social media based on the intended use and characteristics. Several aspects that are considered will affect the information obtained.

Pengaruh Pemberian Masker Seledri (Apium Graveolens L.) Terhadap Pengurangan Jumlah Lesi Jerawat

Acne is a skin disease that is common in teenagers. In Indonesia, acne occurs around 85-100% of cases. According to the records of the Indonesian cosmetic dermatology study group, it was shown that 60% of acne sufferers in 2006, 80% in 2007 and 90% in 2009. A face with acne is an image that is not ideal for a teenager and creates dissatisfaction, causing a feeling of lack of self-confidence. One way that can be used to overcome the problem of acne is by giving a celery mask (Apium graveolens L.). Masks are cosmetic preparations for facial skin care which have the benefit of curing acne and acne scars. Celery (Apium graveolens L.) has been shown in several studies to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity to prevent acne. This study aims to prove the effect of using a celery mask to reduce the number of acne lesions. The method chosen in this study was the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design, by comparing the difference in reducing the number of acne lesions from the celery mask treatment with the paired T-test formula. The results obtained from giving celery masks to 10 young women aged 16-18 years with the classification of mild, moderate and severe acne for 2 weeks showed a significant decrease in the number of acne lesions (p = 0.00). So it can be concluded that giving celery masks can reduce the number of acne lesions in young women aged 16-18 years.

Hypotheses for isotretinoin mechanisms of action in acne treatment

Currently, the problem of acne does not lose its relevance not only among adolescents, but also in adult women and men. One of the most effective drugs in the treatment of severe and resistant forms of acne are isotretinoin preparations, i.e. systemic retinoids, the instructions for which do not indicate the mechanism of action. The purpose of the work: to consider the hypotheses of the mechanism of action of systemic retinoids on various pathogenetic acne factors.