Acid Washing Research Articles

An Overview of Hydrothermally Synthesized Titanate Nanotubes: The Factors Affecting Preparation and Their Promising Pharmaceutical Applications.

Recently, titanate nanotubes (TNTs) have been receiving more attention and becoming an attractive candidate for use in several disciplines. With their promising results and outstanding performance, they bring added value to any field using them, such as green chemistry, engineering, and medicine. Their good biocompatibility, high resistance, and special physicochemical properties also provide a wide spectrum of advantages that could be of crucial importance for investment in different platforms, especially medical and pharmaceutical ones. Hydrothermal treatment is one of the most popular methods for TNT preparation because it is a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly water-based procedure. It is also considered as a strong candidate for large-scale production intended for biomedical application because of its high yield and the special properties of the resulting nanotubes, especially their small diameters, which are more appropriate for drug delivery and long circulation. TNTs' properties highly differ according to the preparation conditions, which would later affect their subsequent application field. The aim of this review is to discuss the factors that could possibly affect their synthesis and determine the transformations that could happen according to the variation of factors. To fulfil this aim, relevant scientific databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, etc.) were searched using the keywords titanate nanotubes, hydrothermal treatment, synthesis, temperature, time, alkaline medium, post treatment, acid washing, calcination, pharmaceutical applications, drug delivery, etc. The articles discussing TNTs preparation by hydrothermal synthesis were selected, and papers discussing other preparation methods were excluded; then, the results were evaluated based on a careful reading of the selected articles. This investigation and comprehensive review of different parameters could be the answer to several problems concerning establishing a producible method of TNTs production, and it might also help to optimize their characteristics and then extend their application limits to further domains that are not yet totally revealed, especially the pharmaceutical industry and drug delivery.

Effect of the Inorganic Modification Mode on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber Recycled Concrete.

The reasonable and effective application of waste tires and discarded concrete in concrete is an important branch of green concrete development. This paper investigates the effects of the inorganic modification mode on the basic mechanical properties of rubber recycled concrete based on indoor tests. Inorganic modification, such as water washing, acid washing, and alkaline washing modification, was mainly used to treat and modify rubber particles. The factors affecting the compressive strength, the splitting tensile strength, the flexural strength, the axial compressive strength, and the modulus of elasticity of modified rubber recycled concrete were analyzed. The study results show that the incorporation of recycled aggregates and rubber reduced the mechanical properties of concrete, with the compressive and splitting tensile strengths showing the greatest reductions of 27.36% and 27.24%, respectively. Three modification methods significantly improved the mechanical properties of rubber recycled concrete. The alkali washing modification method was the most effective, maximally improving the mechanical properties of rubber recycled concrete by 7.53-15.51%. The effects of the three modifications on the mechanical properties of concrete were ranked as follows: alkali washing > acid washing > water washing. This study provides a data basis for the practical application of rubber recycled concrete in engineering and a test basis for the development of green concrete.

MOF-derived porous carbon microspheres Ni@C-acid as solid-phase microextraction coating for extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from tea infusions

The improvement of the stability and adsorption properties of materials on targets in sample pre-treatment has long been an objective. Extensive efforts have been made to achieve this goal. In this work, metal-organic framework Ni-MOF precursors were first synthesized by solvothermal method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as an ideal templating agent, stabiliser and nanoparticle dispersant. After carbonization and acid washing, the nanoporous carbon microspheres material (Ni@C-acid) was obtained. Compared with the material without acid treatment (Ni@C), the specific surface area, pore volume, adsorption performance of Ni@C-acid were increased. Thanks to its excellent characteristics (high stability, abundant benzene rings), Ni@C-acid was used as fiber coatings in headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technology for extraction and preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) prior to gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. The experimental parameters of extraction temperature, extraction time, agitation speed, desorption temperature, desorption time and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration were studied. Under optimal experimental conditions, the wide linear range (0.01-30 ng mL−1), the good correlation coefficient (0.9916-0.9984), the low detection limit (0.003-0.011 ng mL−1), and the high enrichment factor (5273-13793) were obtained. The established method was successfully used for the detection of trace PAHs in actual tea infusions samples and satisfied recoveries ranging from 80.94-118.62 % were achieved. The present work provides a simple method for the preparation of highly stable and adsorbable porous carbon microsphere materials with potential applications in the extraction of environmental pollutants.

A facial method for constructing superhydrophobic surface by one-step surface etching combined with melt blowing process

It is a challenge to prepare fluorine-free superhydrophobic surfaces by simple methods. In this work, a simple and effective method for constructing a superhydrophobic surface was developed by combining in situ nanofibrillating melt blowing processs and one-step surface etching. Firstly, the randomly stacked meltblown microfibers as microstructure transformed the wetting performance of the surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Then, by tuning the etching time, the outmost nanofibrils within the microfibers were exposed to form nanostructure thereby achieving superhydrophobic performance with a contact angle of 153°. The superhydrophobicity of the as-prepared nonwoven was maintained after various harsh treatments, such as strong acid, strong alkaline, sandpaper abrasion, and ultrasonic washing, showing stable water repellency ability. In addition, the superhydrophobic nonwoven showed promising application in self-cleaning and oil–water separation. Thus, this work not only prepares a superhydrophobic surface but also proposes a new idea for designing a micro-nano hierarchical structure on the surface.

Tackling the challenge of efficient VOCs removal across varied molecular sizes over zeolite adsorbent under humid conditions

Efficient removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different molecular sizes over a single zeolite remains a great challenge, especially under humid conditions. Here, we introduced an innovative base leaching strategy to construct hierarchical pores within high-silica MFI zeolite on premise of maintaining a similar high micropore volume. The key points were the introduction of Al3+ and B3+ as pore directing agents into the base solution and meticulous regulation of the acid washing process. Because of the introduction of mesopores, the adsorption capacities for m-xylene increased by 16.1 times compared to that on conventional MFI adsorbent. Meanwhile, it exhibited comparable adsorption capacities for smaller VOCs, including dichloromethane and toluene. The adsorption capacities for ethanol showed a notable increase, accompanied by a decrease in the desorption temperature. This was attributed to the generation of additional silanol adsorption sites, as confirmed by 1H MAS NMR and in situ FT-IR spectra. Moreover, the optimal adsorbent presented good regeneration performance throughout the four dynamic adsorption–desorption cycling tests for all VOCs.

Synthesis of Electrocatalyst 57FePt@Pt/C Using Electron Beam Irradiation

Electrocatalyst 57FePt@Pt/C is prepared using two‐step electron beam (e‐beam) irradiation. The formation of a core–shell‐structured 57FePt@Pt/C catalyst is measured using X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Both fast reaction and simple process of e‐beam irradiation are suitable application of mass production. In addition, the electrochemical performance of the 57FePt@Pt/C catalyst after acid washing is observed to be the same as the activity of the commercial Pt/C during oxygen reduction reaction, while minimizing Pt supplement.

Improving electronics stability via covalent-linked interfaces for ultra-robust pressure sensing array

There is an urgent need for developing ultra-stable sensors with robust interfacial connections to promote the progress of intelligent technology. Here we propose a strategy for fabricating porous sensors with covalent-linked interfaces, which significantly improve the device’s mechanical and environmental stability. By endowing the polymer reactive siloxane group for further dehydration and condensation process, the modified polymer can on one hand form interface covalent Ti-O-Si bonds with hydroxyl-rich MXene nanosheets for improved interfacial adhesion, and on the other hand, form internal self-condensed Si-O-Si bonds for strengthened mechanical resilience. Owing to the firmly undetached conductive materials, the resulting sensor can maintain stable signal output, and survive harsh conditions including repeated mechanical compression and rigorous water and acid washing. These features make the covalent-linked sensor feasible for human sitting posture monitoring over prolonged periods and spatial distribution detection in various complicated operation scenarios.

The Capacity of Alkali‐Activated Industrial Wastes in Novel Sustainable Ceramic Membranes

AbstractNovel ceramic membranes present unquestionable potential in wastewater treatment among the emerging technologies, while a few challenges such as cost, energy consumption, durability, and resistance in harsh mediums still limit their commercialization. Here, we review the capability of available industrial aluminosilicate waste materials in the fabrication of novel ceramic membranes using green and economical alkali‐activation synthesis method. The different sources of alkali‐activated aluminosilicate wastes including ashes, mining wastes, glass and ceramic wastes, slags, construction wastes, industrial byproducts, and agricultural wastes are introduced and the chemistry of geopolymers is reviewed. In this review, the major points are the following. 1) The alkali‐activated structures present reasonable chemical, frost, carbonation, and mechanical resistance as well as the ability to immobilize the toxic materials. 2) The synthesis aspects of porous and nonporous alkali‐activated ceramic membranes are explored by characterization methods. Furthermore, the durability analysis in harsh environments reveals that alkali‐activated ceramic membranes possess high resistance against acidic, alkaline, and other antifouling chemical washing methods. In summary, it is demonstrated that the studied membranes have an undeniable capability in the separation of organic solvents in the pervaporation process as well as toxic material removal from water with high ion‐exchange capacity.

Titanium-based lithium ion sieve adsorbent H2TiO3 with enhanced Li+ adsorption properties by magnetic Fe doping

The titanium-based lithium ion sieve adsorbent H2TiO3 (HTO), known for its structural stability and high adsorption capacity, emerges as a highly promising material. Nonetheless, its precursor, the Li2TiO3 powder (LTO), synthesized via the high-temperature solid-phase method, tends to agglomerate and poses challenges in separation. This agglomeration compromises the adsorption sites and, consequently, its adsorption capacity. To counter this, we employed a strategy of doping LTO with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a Fe source, aiming to mitigate the agglomeration issue. Subsequently, Fe-doped H2TiO3 (HFTO) was obtained by acid washing and used to adsorb lithium ions from an aqueous solution. Experimental results revealed that HFTO's equilibrium adsorption capacity for lithium in LiCl solution peaked at 34.27 mg/g. Moreover, even after five cycles of adsorption–desorption, HFTO maintained an adsorption capacity exceeding 32.00 mg/g. Investigations into HFTO's adsorption mechanism, utilizing Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, and XPS, uncovered that the adsorption of Li+ by HFTO occurs through the dissociation of O–H bonds and the subsequent formation of O-Li bonds.

Utilization of cotton gin waste biochars for agronomic benefits in soils

AbstractCotton gin waste (CGW) is produced in large quantities (1–1.5 × 106 metric ton/year) in the Texas High Plains (THP), one of the largest cotton-producing regions in the USA. We examined locally supplied CGW for soil amendment as biochar (CGW-BC) with a view toward rainfed cropping systems, which will likely become increasingly necessary due to declines in groundwater availability for irrigation. Sixteen unique biochar samples were produced under varying conditions of time, temperature, and post-processing wash in a muffle furnace. We performed material characterization on the biochar. We then incubated CGW-BC samples that seemed favorable for increasing the water holding capacity increase for 10 days with local, rainfed, clay loam soil. We found that increasing the pyrolysis time and temperature decreased the biochar yield but only up to 40 min. Beyond 40 min, the yield did not decrease further. Additionally, the majority of mass loss occurred during pyrolysis and not during crush-sieving or postproduction washes. CGW-BC produced at higher temperatures and for longer times had greater thermal stability. This interesting aspect of thermal stability, which did not always follow strict time‒temperature trends, may be because cotton gin waste is a heterogeneous material. We found that the addition of acid decreases the mineral content while lowering the thermal stability of lower temperature (450 °C) biochars. Regarding the CGW-BC surface area, we found that higher temperatures generally increase the micropore surface area. Using a GAB isotherm, water vapor surface area did not correlate with the highest WHC when water was added to the soil. In fact, biochar, which was pyrolyzed in less time at a lower temperature and with the use of acid washing, better held the water in soil-biochar mixtures. The measurements suggested that CGW-BC could be a valuable soil amendment that could increase the WHC without adversely increasing the pH. Our initial investigation revealed how scaled-up production of CGW-BC for soils might be economically and sustainably pursued for use in rainfed cropping, deficit irrigation, or ranchlands.

Microbiological evaluation of bovine carcasses decontaminated with lactic acid solution

Bovine meat is a nutritious food product that is highly susceptible to bacterial degradation. Organic acid spray washing can be used to reduce microbial populations in carcasses. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of lactic acid in reducing total coliforms and Escherichia coli and assess the effects of different lactic acid concentrations on meat. For this, bovine carcasses were classified into cleanliness categories and subjected to swab sampling before and after manual and automated washing with lactic acid solution at different concentrations (0, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). Colorimetric analysis and lactic acid quantification of carcasses were performed at 0 and 24 h post mortem. The experiment followed a factorial design. Lactic acid inhibited microbial growth, particularly automated application of 3% lactic acid. Although minor changes in color were observed, lactic acid washing was beneficial from a microbial standpoint, effectively decontaminating bovine carcasses and leaving only minimum amounts of residual acid in meat.

Effect of Deashing Treatment on Ash Fusion Characteristics of Biochar from Bamboo Shoot Shells.

To investigate the influence of deashing on fusion characteristics, a combined method of water and acid washing with different sequences (water washing followed by acid washing, and acid washing followed by water washing) was used to treat the biochar of bamboo shoot shells (BBSSs). The results show that deashing decreased the K content of the biochar from 50.3% to 1.08% but increased the Si content from 33.48% to 89.15%. The formation of silicates and aluminosilicates from alkali metal oxides with silicon was an inevitable result of ash phase transformation at the high temperatures used to improve the fusion temperature (>1450 °C). The thermochemical behavior of ash mainly occurs at 1000 °C. The deashing treatment significantly reduced the reaction intensity during the high-temperature process. This significantly increased the thermal stability of the ash. The adjustment of the washing sequence had a slight impact on the chemical compositions, but the differences in ash micromorphology were obvious. Deashing treatments with different washing sequences can significantly improve ash fusion properties effectively and reduce the risk of scaling, slagging, and corrosion. This study provides a new and reasonable strategy for the deashing of biochar to commercially utilize bamboo shoot shell resources.

Preliminary study on double-sided direct shear test of microbial mortar

A new method of strengthening masonry structures of ancient architecture has been proposed, which involves the use of microbial grouting to generate mineralized mortar. To study the shear mechanical properties of microbial mortar, a comparative experiment was designed with 9 groups of specimens, including acid washing method to test the amount of calcium carbonate, penetration method to test compressive strength of mortar, double-sided direct shear method to test shear strength of mortar and get shear stress-strain curve. According to the experimental results, when the brick joint is thick, more bubbles remain at the contact between the brick and the mortar, reducing the saturation of the grouting liquid and affecting the amount of calcium carbonate generated, thereby affecting the shear strength of the mortar. When the brick is placed vertically, the contact area between the brick and the mortar is on the side, and it is not easy for bubbles to remain, so the amount of calcium carbonate generated is high, and the corresponding shear strength of the mortar is high. Reducing the concentration of calcium solution and implementing bidirectional perfusion can slow down the deposition of calcium carbonate and blockage of perfusion pathways, thereby improving the homogeneity of the carbonate level. A well-graded filling of sand particles is an effective measure to improve the binding efficiency of calcium carbonate.These measures not only increase the production of calcium carbonate, but also result in higher compressive and shear strength.The shear stress-displacement curve of microbial mortar specimens with damagedmortar layer exhibits strain-softening behavior, while the specimens with inter facial damage show strain-hardening behavior.The shear strength of specimens with interface damage is lower than that of specimens with mortar layer damage, so measures should be taken to avoid interface damage.

Unexpected Emergence of Carbon-Centered Radicals from Piezoelectric Effect in Oleic Acid-Capped BaTiO3.

The utilization of alkyl radicals (•R) for hypoxic tumor therapy has great prospects due to its O2-independence and high reactivity. However, correlational initiators for in vivo activation remain scarce. Here, we report that ultrasound excitation of oleic acid-capped BaTiO3 (OA@BaTiO3) can result in an •R cascade and hence a means to conquer hypoxic tumors. Mechanistic studies find that the •R signal disappears when OA@BaTiO3 undergoes acid washing post-treatment, which is a common procedure for removing the unwanted byproduct BaCO3. Combined with the infrared spectrum analysis, acid treatment was proven to weaken the peaks at 2840-2970 cm-1 characteristic of -CH2- and terminal -CH3 stretching vibration of OA. There is compelling evidence that high temperature thermal oxidation of OA involves the generation of •R. Thus, acid washing is considered to remove the loosely bound yet catalytically active OA. And piezoelectric BaTiO3, a potential electron-hole redox catalyst, can sensitize these OA molecules and disintegrate them to •R. This unexpected discovery provides us with a distinctive mentality to seek diverse •R initiators for tumor ablation, as well as an additional perspective on the postprocessing of synthetic materials.

Ammonia oxidation by in-situ chloride electrolysis in etching wastewater of semiconductor manufacturing using RuSnOx/Ti electrode: Effect of plating mode and metal ratio

The indirect chloride-mediated ammonia oxidation encounters challenges in maintaining the effectiveness of metal oxide anodes when treating wastewaters with complex compositions. This study aims to develop a highly stable anode with RuO2-SnO2 coatings for treating an etching effluent from semiconductor manufacturing, which majorly contains NH3 and organic compounds. The RuSnOx/Ti electrode was synthesized using wet impregnation and calcination processes. The metal oxide configuration on Ti plate substrate was tuned by varying the step-dipping process in RuCl3 and SnCl4 baths. A 10-day continuous-flow electrolysis was conducted for studying the ammonia removal and chlorine yield under variable conditions, including detention, pH, current density, and initial ammonia and chloride concentrations. In the RuSnOx coatings, the configuration comprising RuO2 nanorods as the surface layer and an intermediate layer of SnO2 crystallites (by plating Ru3+ for three times to cover one Sn4+ layer, denoted as the Ru3Sn/Ti electrode) exhibited the best durability for acid washing, along with relatively high Faradaic efficiency and low energy consumption. To further improve the treatability of real wastewater (NH3-N = 634 mg L−1, chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 6700 mg L−1, Cl- = 2000 mg L−1, pH 11), the duel-cell electrolyzers were constructed in series under a current density of 30 mA cm−2 and 45 min detention. Ultimately, removals of NH3 and COD reached 95.8% and 76.3%, respectively, with successful limitation of chloramine formation.

Sporopollenin Capsules as Biomimetic Templates for the Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite and β-TCP.

Pollen grains, with their resilient sporopollenin exine and defined morphologies, have been explored as bio-templates for the synthesis of calcium phosphate minerals, particularly hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Various pollen morphologies from different plant species (black alder, dandelion, lamb's quarters, ragweed, and stargazer lily) were evaluated. Pollen grains underwent acid washing to remove allergenic material and facilitate subsequent calcification. Ragweed and lamb's quarter pollen grains were chosen as templates for calcium phosphate salts deposition due to their distinct morphologies. The calcification process yielded well-defined spherical hollow particles. The washing step, intended to reduce the protein content, did not significantly affect the final product; thus, justifying the removal of this low-yield step from the synthesis process. Characterisation techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis, confirmed the successful calcification of pollen-derived materials, revealing that calcified grains were principally composed of calcium deficient HAp. After calcination, biphasic calcium phosphate composed of HAp and TPC was obtained. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using pollen grains as green and sustainable bio-templates for synthesizing biomaterials with controlled morphology, showcasing their potential in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and bone regeneration.

Influence of type of aluminium stearate on triboelectrification of dry-coated surfaces of functionalised glass beads

Triboelectrification of powders and grains is deleterious in a large number of manufacturing operations, due to its adverse effect on process consistency and reliability. To mitigate it, charge neutralisers are commonly employed. However, their selection is often based on trial and error. This study is conducted to systematically examine the influence of the ionic polarity strength of a charge neutraliser, specifically aluminium stearate (AlSt), on charge transfer. AlSt has three types with different numbers of stearate chains, thereby influencing the electron exchange propensity of the molecule. The experiments involved surface-treated glass beads in the sieve size range of 90–150 µm (to make them hydrophilic by acid washing or hydrophobic by silanisation), then coated with the three forms of AlSt (mono-, di- and tri-) for charge mitigation. These coated beads were subjected to aerodynamic dispersion to cause triboelectrification, in order to quantitatively evaluate their charge neutralising effect. The experiments were conducted with four contact surfaces: stainless steel, copper, aluminium, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Both acid-washed and silanised glass beads exhibited negative charging against aluminium, copper and stainless steel (typically around 22–44 nC/g), but positive charging against PTFE (around 90 nC/g and 19 nC/g for acid-washed and silanised, respectively), despite having significantly different surface functional groups. A complex trend is observed for the effect of the amount of AlSt present on the surfaces, the type of AlSt and the surface treatment. A relatively good charge reduction behaviour was seen for AlSt-coated acid washed glass beads, but for silanised glass beads, AlSt coating actually increases their charge level.

Promotion of Cu/Ce supported red mud for NO removal from low and medium temperature flue gas

Red mud is a solid waste in aluminum industry and has been proven to be an efficient alternative to NOx selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts. Acid washing treatment to red mud can improve its alkalinity and surface properties, and increase the conversion rate of NOx. In this paper, Cu, Ce, and Cu/Ce was supported on acid washed red mud and NOx catalytic conversion performance on metal modified red mud catalysts was studied. The research results indicate that Cu+ and Cu2+ in the Cu supported catalyst effectively promote NO conversion rate of red mud in low-temperature (200–300 °C) flue gas, reaching a maximum of 90.7%; Ce3+ and Ce4+ in Ce supported catalysts effectively promote the NO conversion rate of red mud in flue gas at 200–400 °C, reaching a maximum of 94.0%; Cu/Ce supporting exhibits better NO conversion rate than single metal supported catalysts at low-temperatures, the optimal Cu:Ce ratio for supporting is 1:1; and also exhibits better NO conversion rate than Cu supported catalysts at high-temperature (300–400 °C), reaching a maximum of 95.5%. The reason may be that under the synergistic effect of Cu/Ce, ACRM-Cu1Ce1 has stronger low-temperature redox ability, higher weak acidic peaks, higher average oxidation state of Fe ions, and higher Cu+ content.

Changes in the devolatization kinetics induced by washing pretreatments of short- and long-aged food crop residues

Thermogravimetric curves are measured and modeled to quantify the changes induced by dilute acid or hot water washing on the devolatilization of short- and long-aged potato crop residues. The pretreatments cause more similar behaviors. A six-step devolatilization mechanism for four pseudo-components, previously developed for raw materials, is still applicable. The activation energies remain unvaried whereas small changes in the pre-exponential factors describe the displacement of the devolatilization process at higher temperatures. Instead, the nature and amounts of pseudo-components are significantly modified, especially for dilute acid washing and the short-aged sample. The pseudo-components pectin-hemicellulose and cellulose-starch are enriched in hemicellulose and cellulose, respectively. The corresponding total amounts of volatile generated increase from 19 up to 23–26wt% and from 19–26 up to 37–45wt%, in the same order. The volatile product yields released from the pseudo-component lignin-protein are practically unaltered, but lignin is likely to become largely predominant.

The treated recycled aggregates effects on workability, mechanical properties and microstructure of ultra-high performance concrete Co-reinforced with nano-silica and steel fibers

To promote the application of recycled aggregates (RA) in more high-performance engineering projects, it is necessary to scientifically modify and repair the RA, which is originally damaged by mechanical crushing and contains cracks and pores. This study investigates the influence of modified RA on the workability, mechanical properties, and microstructure of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). Fresh state characteristic tests (slump and flowability), hardened mechanical property tests (compressive, axial tensile, elastic modulus, and four-point bending), and analysis of microstructure (SEM images and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were performed on specimens with different modifications of RA. The results showed that after three different modifications (hydrochloric acid washing, cement slurry coating, and chemical strengthening) of RA, the apparent density increased and water absorption decreased. This resulted in improved workability and fluidity of the specimens containing modified RA, with increased compressive strength and elastic modulus by 15%, as well as enhanced bending performance indicators (flexural strength, toughness, and residual strength), while the axial tensile strength was not lower than that of specimens containing natural aggregates. Additionally, SEM analysis examined the pores between the cement matrix, interface transition zone (ITZ), and fibers, and how they were improved. The specimens with modified RA had a complete and continuous ITZ, with more thorough hydration reactions and better interface bonding. NMR analysis revealed a distinct "three-peak" structure in the T2 spectrum and showed the evolution of four types of pores in the microstructure, including an increase in the number of small pores and a decrease in the number of large and medium pores and microcracks. These research findings provide new insights into the application of modified RA and serve as a reference for the use of a suitable amount of modified RA in crack-resistant or other high-demand engineering projects.