Acid Lotion Research Articles

Balanitis of Zoon treated with 30% salicylic acid lotion – A case series

Balanitis of Zoon or balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis is a non-venereal balanitis affecting middle-aged uncircumcised men. It follows a benign protracted course with a minimal tendency for spontaneous resolution. Chronicity of disease and genital distribution is sufficient to evoke anxiety among subjects and is the primary reason for dermatological consultation. Many topical modalities (antibiotics, antifungals, and immunomodulators) have been resorted to as therapeutic measures with variable and unsatisfactory results and recurrences. Circumcision is a definitive and curative treatment. However, 30% salicylic acid (SA) lotion can prove to be a promising therapeutic alternative, especially for subjects reluctant for circumcision. We are presenting a case series of 10 patients with balanitis of the Zoon treated with 30% SA lotion.

Effect of solubilization with surfactant on the antioxidant activity of ellagic acid

Abstract Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables. However, its solubility in water is poor, which limits its application. To overcome this limitation, the surfactants Span 20 and Tween 60 are used to increase its solubility in water. FTIR, TEM and laser particle size and zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the morphology and structure of ellagic acid emulsions. The antioxidant activity of surfactant-compatible ellagic acid was determined using various antioxidant evaluation methods such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power and total antioxidant activity. The results indicate that the solubility of ellagic acid in water was improved by the addition of Span 20 and Tween 60, and ellagic acid formed complex particles in combination with Span 20 and Tween 60. Compared to pure ellagic acid, the antioxidant activity of ellagic acid lotion was significantly enhanced.

A new co-processing mode of organic anaerobic fermentation liquid and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

A new co-processing mode of waste liquid from anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) dechlorination is reported in this paper. Taking acetic acid, the most common organic acid in anaerobic fermentation systems, as the representative of anaerobic fermentation organic acids, the improvement of the dechlorination effect and the mechanism of washing MSWI-FA with low concentrations of organic acid lotion were explored. The chlorine content of MSWI-FA was reduced to 0.82% after the optimal process washing pretreatment. Three anaerobic fermentation waste liquids (AFWLs) were used to verify that the chlorine content of MSWI-FA could be reduced to less than 1%, and the dechlorination effect of brewery wastewater, which reduced the chlorine content of MSWI-FA to 0.91%, was the best at this. The influence of the washing process on MSWI-FA pyrolysis was reflected in the whole process. The release of chloride decreased and the weight loss was mainly due to the release of CO2. The melting point of MSWI-FA, washed by the optimal process, was reduced by nearly 30 ℃, and only 0.06% chlorine remained after calcination at 1100 ℃, which was extremely beneficial in reducing the release of trace elements in MSWI-FA during heat treatment, and for the preparation of cement raw meal.

Clinical Efficacy of Tacrolimus Ointment + 3% Boric Acid Lotion Joint Chinese Angelica Decoction in Chronic Perianal Eczema.

Objective To unearth the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus ointment + 3% boric acid lotion joint Chinese angelica decoction in chronic perianal eczema. Methods Patients with chronic perianal eczema admitted to hospital from June 2018 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in the control group (n = 38) underwent basic therapy with tacrolimus ointment + 3% boric acid lotion, whereas those in the observation group (n = 38) were given oral Chinese angelica decoction on the basis of the above therapy. Patient's baseline information before therapy and clinical symptoms after therapy were observed and compared, including pruritus ani score, anus drainage and damp score, skin lesion score, skin lesion area score, life quality index score, and IL-2, IL-4, and IgE levels in serum. Overall efficacy in the two groups was also evaluated. Results No significant differences were found in the baseline information between the observation group and control group before therapy. After therapy, pruritus ani score (P = 0.023), anus drainage and damp score (P = 0.041), skin lesion score (P = 0.025), and skin lesion area score (P = 0.035) of patients in the observation group were remarkably lower than those in the control group. Significantly higher release levels of clinical symptoms of patients in the observation group were indicated. With respect to the control group, the life quality score (P = 0.020) and IgE level in serum (P = 0.003) of patients in the observation group were significantly lower, while IL-4 level in serum was significantly higher (P = 0.129). The therapy in the observation group achieved better clinical efficacy. Overall efficacy in the observation group was markedly favorable with respect to the control group. Conclusion With respect to tacrolimus ointment + 3% boric acid lotion, patients with chronic perianal eczema displayed better clinical efficacy after jointly being treated by Chinese angelica decoction.

Recalibrated Scales: The Use of Low-dose Isotretinoin in a Case of Epidermolytic Ichthyosis-NPS1 in a Filipino Child

Epidermolytic Ichthyosis (EI) is a rare non-syndromic keratinopathic ichthyosis without definitive treatment. This is a case of EI in a 5-year-old Filipino female who presented with hyperkeratotic scales sparing the palms and soles. Histopathology revealed epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. A trial of treatment with isotretinoin 0.3 mg/kg/day, together with keratolytic agents, urea lotion and lactic acid lotion, resulted in a marked decrease in the thickness of the scales and odor. Interestingly, rebound effects were noted at 0.6 mg/kg/day. Taking into account that EI presents with more skin fragility compared to non-EHK ichthyosis, the authors surmise that there may be a smaller treatment window for patients with EI, which is notably lower than recommended for ichthyosis in general.

Formulation and Evaluation of Acetic Acid Lotion for the Treatment of Wound Infection

Acetic acid has been used as a topical agent for healing wound infections. However, no studies have been done to formulate acetic acid based lotion and investigate its role in wound dressing. Therefore, the current workinvolved study the antibacterial activity of acetic acid against pathogenic bacteria associated with wound infections in vitro. In addition to formulate acetic acid lotion and study its role in the treatment of infected wounds, using mice model. The results show that acetic acid has antibacterial efficacy at different concentrations against pathogenic bacteria tested; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp, Proteussp and Salmonella sp. The application of acetic acid based lotion on wound infected with P. aeruginosatwice a day for 6 days leads to prevent bacterial infection and treat wounds.Herein, we reveal that acetic acid lotion has potent antibacterialefficacy and plays a significant role in wound healing.

Role of different topical modalities in improvement of facial hyperpigmentation and skin rejuvenation

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Facial hypermelanosis is a psychologically stressful condition for modern men and women who are cosmetically more conscious than their ancestors. There are various lightening agent used for several months before effect becomes apparent and are much more effective when pigment is epidermal. these topical agents include hydroquinone, liquorice derivatives niacinamide, glycolic acid, arbutin and deoxyarbutin, ascorbic acid, 4-n-butyl resorcinol, retinoids topical steroids mequinol, kojic acid, azelaic acid, 5% tranexmic acid, glutathione cream etc.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A randomized, controlled study was done. 220 patients were given either treatment will be given depending upon the physician choice after taking well informed consent from the patient. Patients' assessment regarding the degree of improvement of complexion since the beginning of therapy was evaluated.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The percentage satisfactory response for different modalities was as follow kojic acid 2% cream- 55.55%, 20% azelaic acid cream- 53.12%, 4-n-butyl resorcinol 0.3% cream- 57.89%, 5% tranexmic acid lotion- 48.83% and glutathione cream- 55.76%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Out 220 patients post inflammatory hyperpigmentation was the most common facial condition. Total 61 patients of PIH were there in the present study including 26 males and 35 females followed by melasma. All The modalities were effective in the treatment of different types- pigmentary conditions. </p>

Novel chitosan-based flocculants for chromium and nickle removal in wastewater via integrated chelation and flocculation

Carboxylated chitosan (CPCTS) is used as substrates in the design and synthesis of CPCTS-based flocculants through UV-initiated polymerization techniques. The synthesized flocculants are applied to remove Cr and Ni ions from chromic acid lotion and electroplating wastewater through two-stage flocculation. This study investigates the effect of flocculant dosage, pH, reaction time, and stirring speed on the removal efficiency of Cr and Ni ions. Results indicated that the total Cr removal ratios by CPCTS-graft-polyacrylamide-co-sodium xanthate (CAC) and CPCTS-graft-poly [acrylamide-2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid] (CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS)) are 94.7% and 94.6%, respectively. The total Ni removal efficiencies by CAC and CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS) are 99.3% and 99.4%, respectively. The two-stage flocculation with CPCTS-based flocculants could reduce the total concentrations of Cr and Ni to 1.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. The relationship of removal capacity and structural properties between the flocculants with different functional groups is established through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The micro-interfacial behavior between the colloidal particles and the solution during the integrated chelation–flocculation are elucidated. Thus, CPCTS-based flocculants could be a potential material for the removal of high amounts of Cr and Ni ions in industrial wastewater.

Formulation and Evaluation of Acetic Acid Lotion for the Treatment of Wound Infection

Acetic acid has been used as a topical agent for healing wound infections. However, no studies have been done to formulate acetic acid based lotion and investigate its role in wound dressing. Therefore, the current workinvolved study the antibacterial activity of acetic acid against pathogenic bacteria associated with wound infections in vitro. In addition to formulate acetic acid lotion and study its role in the treatment of infected wounds, using mice model. The results show that acetic acid has antibacterial efficacy at different concentrations against pathogenic bacteria tested; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp, Proteussp and Salmonella sp. The application of acetic acid based lotion on wound infected with P. aeruginosatwice a day for 6 days leads to prevent bacterial infection and treat wounds.Herein, we reveal that acetic acid lotion has potent antibacterialefficacy and plays a significant role in wound healing.

Oral lichen planus: therapy and phenotype.

Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous disease of chronic inflammatory nature. Although many therapeutic options are available, none are curative. The aim of this article was to describe a therapeutic algorithm that take into consideration the clinical futures of oral LP (OLP). Patients affected by symptomatic OLP were enrolled into three groups to receive cyclosporine mouthwash, retinoic acid lotion 0.05%, and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel in the treatment of reticular, plaque-like, and erosive-type respectively. The products were applied as follows: retinoic acid BID for 8 weeks, cyclosporine mouthwash OD for 8 weeks, PRP once a week for 8 weeks. Patients were assessed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Improvement was evaluated as complete response, partial response and no response. A total of 20 Caucasian patients, 8 male and 12 female, mean age 56 years (range 40-74) concluded the study. Seven patients showed a complete response, 7 patients a partial response, and 6 patients no response. We propose a therapeutic algorithm that take into consideration the clinical features and symptoms of OLP. Long-term experience on larger series of cases are necessary to confirm our data.

PO-0765: A randomized study with a hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate lotion for radiodermitis in breast cancer patients

PO-0765: A randomized study with a hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate lotion for radiodermitis in breast cancer patients

Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis affecting the face and folds: clinical, dermoscopic, and histological report of a familial case.

A case of a generalized non-follicular digitate keratosis classified as multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis is described with suggestive clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathogical data. The patient was a 52-year-old Caucasian woman presenting a 6-year history of multiple asymptomatic skin-colored digitate lesions, 3 to 5 mm long and 1 to 2 mm wide, distributed on the forehead, neck, and extensor surface of the arms as well as in the inframammary folds, axillae, and lower limbs, especially on the popliteal fold. She reported having a 67-year-old sister and a 39-year-old niece with an identical eruption. Treatment with 15% glycolic acid (AHA) lotion and heliotherapy improved this disturbing eruption.

Evaluating the Interleukin 17 Serum Level in Psoriatic Patients from the Eastern Egyptian Population

Objectives: Cytokines released by T helper 17 (Th17) cells maintain psoriatic inflammation. The aim of the study was to determine the serum level of IL-17 in psoriatic patients and to evaluate the effect of the local treatment on the IL-17 level. Materials and Methods: Ninety subjects from both sexes with ages ranging from 20-40 years old were instructed to apply 0.64 mg of Betamethasone Dipropionate (equivalent to 0.5 mg (0.05%) of Betamethasone) and 30 mg (3%) of salicylic acid ointment twice per day for three weeks. For scalp psoriasis, patients were advised to use 0.64 mg of Betamethasone Dipropionate, equivalent to 0.5 mg (0.05%) of Betamethasone and 20 mg (2%) of Salicylic acid lotion twice per day for three weeks. Serum IL-17 concentrations were determined by ELISA on day 0 and day 21. Psoriasis area severity score index (PASI) was evaluated. Results: A statistically significant higher level of IL-17 (p 0.05) in psoriasis area severity score index (PASI) in patients after treatment was observed. Further analysis indicated that there was no significant correlation between serum IL-17 level and PASI Score before therapy.

Erythrokeratodermia variabilis: A case report

A case of erythrokeratodermia variabilis (EKV) in a 9-year-old black girl is presented. The skin lesions first appeared at three months of age as an erythematous patch on the upper inner thigh. Later, scaling hyperkeratotic plaques on erythematous bases with well-demarcated and hyperpigmented borders appeared on her trunk, face, and upper abdomen. According to the child's parents and to the child herself the lesions changed their shape and distribution over minutes, hours and days and were exacerbated by external factors and emotional stress. Palmar and plantar keratoderma was present. The patient was otherwise normal and was the only child of apparently healthy parents. A punch biopsy showed basket-weave hyperkeratosis, with papillomatosis and acanthosis and these findings were consistent with the diagnosis of EKV. The patient was treated with isotretinoin 10 mg/day and topically with 2.5% hydrocortisone cream and 12% lactic acid lotion. There was some improvement at a three-month follow-up. In the majority of cases, EKV is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Because of the apparent absence of clinical symptoms in the patient's relatives, the disease in our case could be sporadic, or, alternatively, due to incomplete gene penetrance.

Resource reuse of spent pickle acid by mineralization process

The spent pickle acid was collected from metal surface treatment factory. The pH of spent pickle acid was lower than 1.0, and the total concentration of ferrous ion was 186 g/L. Firstly, the lower activity of metal in the spent pickle acid solution was displaced by cementation process (pre-treatment). After cementation scraped iron, the coagulant agent (poly aluminum chloride (PAC)) was added to the solution. Then, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 4.5 by ammonia to remove SiO2, P, and other impurities. Finally, the mineralization process was proceeded at pH 4.0 and 60°C with H2O2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the mainly crystalline phase of the mineral product was γ-FeOOH. The high purity of Fe2O3 has been obtained by calcination from mineral product. Additionally, the economic evaluation results also show that the mineralization process was economic feasible. Therefore, this method could be applied to the metal surface treatment industry and printed circuit board manufacturing for recycling waste acid lotion.

A Superficial Texture Analysis of 70% Glycolic Acid Topical Therapy and Striae Distensae

Sir:FigureStriae distensae are a very diffused type of skin atrophy that cause considerable cosmetic disfigurement that is difficult to treat. Various therapeutic options are available for the purpose of improving the appearance of existing stretch marks, including surgical treatments, laser, topical therapy, and chemical peeling. Only one randomized controlled trial has been published stating that a prophylactic antistriae cream (Centella asiatica extract, α-tocopherol, and collagen-elastin hydrolysates) induced a significant absolute prevention of striae gravidarum in 89 percent of the patients studied.1 The aim of our study was to evaluate objectively, by skin texture analysis and spectrophotometry, whether the use of glycolic acid peeling improves stretch marks. We designed a double-blind controlled trial on a total of 40 patients ranging in age from 16 to 35 years. Patients were divided into two groups: those with striae rubrae (group A) and those with striae albae (group B). Each group was treated for 6 months as follows: 70% glycolic acid lotion (NeoStrata Company, Inc., Princeton, N.J.) was applied on the left thigh for 1 to 2 minutes (until erythema appeared), and placebo was applied to the right thigh. The total number of applications was six (from t0 to t6). Skin texture parameters analyzed were anisotropy, number of skin furrows, and furrow width, using the silicone replica technique, where silicone casts were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy2 and then by image software. Hemoglobin and melanin content for skin color were analyzed by means of a spectrophotometer. Pretreatment and posttreatment quantitative values from a single patient constituted a paired data set. Data expressed in numerical values have been examined by comparison among averages (time 0 and time 6) with the t test. Statistical significance was designated at value of p < 0.05. In group A, skin texture analysis of striae rubrae showed a significant decrease in furrow width after 6 months (p < 0.01). Spectrophotometric measurements showed a statistically significant decrease in hemoglobin (p < 0.01). In group B, skin texture analysis of striae albae showed a similar decrease in furrow width as striae rubrae (p < 0.01). Spectrophotometry evidenced a statistically significant increase in melanin (p < 0.01). None of the parameters in the control group showed significant differences after placebo application. Management of striae distensae is problematic and controversial. Despite the large number of studies regarding striae treatment (surgical and chemical), results remain poor. The advent of laser therapy has represented a breakthrough in the approach to striae. Laser therapy seems to be effective on striae rubrae.3 Moreover, this treatment is rather expensive, and repetitive treatment can cause pigment alteration and is not recommended for dark skin. Topical chemical treatment seems to enhance striae rubrae aspects also.4 Glycolic acid accelerates collagen synthesis by fibroblasts and modulates matrix degradation and collagen synthesis through keratinocyte-released cytokines.5 These results suggest that glycolic acid could be useful to recovery from striae distensae. The topical therapies analyzed in this study were chosen because they are readily available on the market and easy to administer. Our results emphasize that 70% glycolic acid is associated with improvement in 15 percent and after 6 months induces some stretch mark modification but does not lead to recovery in either striae rubrae or striae albae (Fig. 1).Fig. 1: (Left) Lateral thigh area of a 23-year-old woman before treatment (original magnification, × 10). Stria rubra appears as a linear lesion raised above the surrounding tissue with a different skin pattern compared with the surrounding skin. (Right) Lateral thigh area 6 months after glycolic acid topical treatment of stria rubra (original magnification, × 10). Note the flattening of the primary furrows and their transverse diameter reduction. A decrease in depth of the transverse primary sulci is noticeable.Our results emphasize objectively that glycolic acid induces only some stretch mark modifications that are perceived by the patients. These results encourage the use of peeling with glycolic acid in the treatment of stretch marks, perhaps using it over time or in combination with other topical medications. Vittorio Mazzarello, M.D. Department of BioMedical Science Francesco Farace, M.D. Department of Microsurgical Specialties–Plastic Surgery Unit Pasquale Ena, M.D. Clinical Dermatology Grazia Fenu, M.D. Department of BioMedical Science Pietro Mulas, M.D. Department of Microsurgical Specialties–Plastic Surgery Unit Luisella Piu, M.D. Department of Farmacological Science Corrado Rubino, M.D. Department of Microsurgical Specialties–Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy

Problems with differential diagnostics of seborrheic dermatitis and plaque psoriasis by the exampleof a particular case study

A clinical case of psoriasis with involvement of scalp and armpits areas is presented. Differential diagnosis was made between psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. The diagnosis of psoriasis was confirmed morphologically. Mometasone furoate lotion was selected for topical therapy of intertriginous areas (armpits), and the symptoms were eliminated after one week of treatment. For the reason of extensive scaling, betametasone plus salicylic acid lotion was administered to the scalp area, with significant symptoms improvement by 14th day of treatment. This case illustrates the importance of proper choice of the form of therapy, namely, topical steroid - mometasone furoate, with proper consideration of the characteristics and localization of inflammatory process.

Clindamycin lotion alone versus combination lotion of clindamycin phosphate plus tretinoin versus combination lotion of clindamycin phosphate plus salicylic acid in the topical treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris: A randomized control trial

Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease that affects 85% to 100% of people at some time during their lives. It is characterized by noninflammatory follicular papules or comedones and by inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules in its more severe forms. To compare the efficacy of combination treatment of clindamycin+salicylic acid, versus clindamycin+tretinoin versus clindamycin alone in the treatment of the mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. This was a single-blinded, randomized clinical trial.Forty-two female patients (age range: 15-25 years) with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris were selected randomly and subsequently randomized to 3 groups. Group A patients were treated with 1% clindamycin lotion (C lotion) twice daily. Group B patients were treated with 1% clindamycin+0.025% tretinoin lotion once nightly (CT lotion). Group C patients were treated with 1% clindamycin+2% salicylic acid lotion twice daily (CS lotion) for 12 weeks. For comparison of efficacy of these treatments, and regarding the skewed distribution of the data, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. There was a significant difference between 3 types of treatment in the respect of the total lesion count (TLC) improvement (P = 0.039). The efficacy of treatment on Acne Severity Index (ASI) was maximum for CS lotion (81.80% reduction in ASI). CT lotion reduced ASI by as much as 73.73% during 12 weeks of treatment. The efficacy of C lotion was calculated to be 37.87% in the reduction of ASI. Our data suggested that the efficacy of CS lotion was significantly more than C lotion with respect to the TLC and ASI, although there was no significant difference between CS and CT lotion.

Rapid full-face acne resolution by a 2% salicylic acid lotion with a synergistic complex of naturals

Rapid full-face acne resolution by a 2% salicylic acid lotion with a synergistic complex of naturals

Fixed-dose combination therapy for psoriasis.

Fixed-dose combination therapy offers stable products containing two or more medications with different mechanisms of action and safety profiles. It is also convenient for patients since only one product rather than two or more needs to be applied. Topical corticosteroids are often the mainstay of therapy in psoriasis. Diprosalic and Nerisalic contain a topical corticosteroid (betamethasone dipropionate and diflucortolone, respectively) and salicylic acid. A left/right study showed that both products have comparable efficacy. It has also been shown that betamethasone dipropionate + salicylic acid ointment has similar efficacy to clobetasol and calcipotriene (calcipotriol) ointments. Betamethasone dipropionate + salicylic acid lotion has similar efficacy to clobetasol lotion. Faster improvement of scaling, itching, and redness was noted with betamethasone dipropionate + salicylic acid lotion compared with betamethasone dipropionate alone. Dovobet (Daivobet) ointment is a fixed-dose combination product containing betamethasone dipropionate and calcipotriene. Clinical studies have shown that it has greater efficacy and a faster speed of onset than the individual components or tacalcitol. Once daily and twice daily treatments have similar efficacy. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index reductions of approximately 40% after 1 week and 70% after 4 weeks of therapy were consistently noted in six large international studies involving >6000 patients. Betamethasone dipropionate + calcipotriene treatment is associated with approximately 75% less adverse cutaneous events as compared with tacalcitol, 50% less compared with calcipotriene, and a similar number as treatment with betamethasone dipropionate.