Achyranthes Aspera Research Articles

Bioactive Compounds from Achyranthes Aspera L. Extract: A UHPLC Profile and In Silico Study for Mouth Cancer

Bioactive Compounds from <i>Achyranthes Aspera</i> L. Extract: A UHPLC Profile and In Silico Study for Mouth Cancer

Estrogenic post-menopausal anti-osteoporotic mechanism of Achyranthes aspera L.: Phytochemicals and network pharmacology approaches

Hormone replacement therapy is used to treat postmenopausal syndrome caused by estrogen deficiency, but it has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. In India, Achyranthes aspera L. is traditionally used to treat menstrual problems; however, there is a lack of mechanistic evidence of its phytoestrogenicity. Therefore, this study investigated the estrogenic activity of A. aspera on estrogen-responsive MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In a cell proliferation assay, the MeOH fraction (100 μg/mL) exhibited the highest proliferation effect (PE) of 138 % (p < 0.001) and relative proliferation effect (RPE) of 96.5 %, compared to 17β-estradiol (0.01 μM: 143 % PE, p < 0.001; 100 % RPE). The MeOH fraction was shown to upregulate the oestrogen marker genes trefoil factor 1 and progesterone receptor by 20.14–23.94 folds and 10.83–14.83 folds, respectively. Twelve phenolics were identified by LC-MS/MS in the active MeOH fraction, i.e. quinic acid, kaempferol hexoside, kaempferol 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-glucoside)-β-D-glucoside, geniposide, 3-O-(6′-O-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-stigmast-5,22E-dien-3β-ol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (astragalin), 3,30-di-O-methylellagic acid isomer, procyanidin, naringin, propapyriogenin A2, (3β,22E,24R)-23-methylergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol and 6-prenylapigenin. Through network pharmacology, the potential effects, and mechanisms of these compounds in osteoporosis were revealed. About 55 target genes were linked to osteoporosis. GO and KEGG enrichment suggest regulation of female reproductive hormone related signaling pathways, which are also associated with estrogen dependent osteoporosis. Molecular docking analysis of the compounds revealed potential interactions with hERα receptor for 3-O-(6′-O-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-stigmast-5,22E-dien-3β-ol and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (astragalin) (docking scores of −9.3 and −10.1 kcal/mol, respectively) as compared to 17β-estradiol (−9.3 kcal/mol). These results suggest the estrogenicity of A. aspera via an ERα-associated mechanism and support its traditional usage in the management of menopausal-related problems.

Achyranthes Aspera: An Analgesic Approach with Seed, Leaves and Root Extract

Achyranthes Aspera: An Analgesic Approach with Seed, Leaves and Root Extract

Transcriptome sequencing and identification of full-length genes involved in the biosynthesis of anticancer compounds Oleanolic acid and Ursolic acid in Achyranthes aspera L.

Achyranthes aspera is renowned for its rich medicinal properties since the Ayurvedic era. This plant is known for the presence of experimentally validated anticancer compounds like oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. Our study involved sequencing the RNA from the root tissue of A. aspera to elucidate the genes responsible for synthesizing these two critical secondary metabolites. Through RNA-Seq analysis, we assembled approximately 167,698 transcripts, averaging 847 base pairs in length, with an N50 value of 1509 bp. From this data, we mapped 604 sequences involved in the metabolism of terpenoids and polyketide pathways. Among them, 241 transcripts were mapped to the triterpenoid biosynthesis pathway, which included 127 transcripts involved in OA and UA biosynthesis. From these transcripts, we identified 22 full-length genes coding for all the 21 enzymes required for OA and UA biosynthesis. Identifying these full-length genes will lead to a better understanding of the pathway and adopting genetic engineering approaches.

Antibacterial and cytotoxicity properties of a polyherbal mouthwash containing Achyranthes aspera and Trachyspermum ammi against selected periodontal pathogens

BackgroundChlorhexidine (CHX) is considered as a gold standard for its antibacterial efficacy and substantivity in chemical plaque control. However, some adverse effects are associated with its prolonged use. Herbal medicines like Achyranthes aspera and Trachyspermum ammi have been used in many clinical conditions, and they appear to be a valuable substitute next to CHX in the management of periodontal diseases. ObjectiveThis in vitro study was designed to assess and compare the antibacterial potential and cytotoxic effects of novel polyherbal mouthwash containing A. aspera and T. ammi with 0.2% CHX mouthwash against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. MethodsEthanolic extracts of A. aspera and T. ammi were prepared by the Soxhlet apparatus method and were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The individual plant extracts and the plant extract mixture (PEM) of A. aspera and T. ammi in the ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2 (w/v) were assessed for minimum inhibitory concentration (resazurin microtitre assay) and minimum bactericidal concentration (spread plating method) against selected periodontal pathogens in comparison to CHX. The polyherbal mouthwash was assessed for zone of inhibition (well diffusion method) and cytotoxicity (MTT assay) on adult human gingival fibroblasts. All the experiments were performed in triplicate. ResultsThe antibacterial activity was evident in the PEMs, and polyherbal mouthwash against tested periodontal pathogens and was comparable to CHX. The cytotoxicity assay findings confirmed that polyherbal mouthwash exhibited 82.1% of surviving cells which proved good biocompatibility. ConclusionA. aspera and T. ammi based mouthwash possess comparable antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens when compared to CHX.

Efficacy of Garcinia mangostana Linn. and Achyranthes aspera Linn. Combined Extracts in the Prevention of Endometritis in Cattle

Efficacy of Garcinia mangostana Linn. and Achyranthes aspera Linn. Combined Extracts in the Prevention of Endometritis in Cattle

Investigating the Endophyte Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 Strain as a Potential Bioinoculant to Enhance the Yield, Nutritive Value, and Chemical Composition of Different Cultivars of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) Seeds.

Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds have various nutritional and therapeutic benefits and are thus considered a valuable addition to animal and human health. Hence, in this study, we aimed to induce the nutritive and biological value of anise seeds. To this end, the potential biofortification effect of the endophytic Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 strain, isolated during the fall of 2023 from the medicinal plant Achyranthes aspera, exhibiting natural distribution in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia, was investigated in four varieties of anise seeds from Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, and Morocco. Results revealed significant increments (p < 0.05) in the seed dry weight percentage (DW%) and oil yields. In line with increased biomass accumulation, the metabolism of the primary and secondary metabolites was increased. There were differential increases in proteins, sugars, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, vitamins (e.g., β-carotene, ascorbic acid), and essential oil components (e.g., phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes), along with their precursor phenylalanine. Consistently, the activity of L-phenylalanine aminolyase (PAL) was increased in the Egyptian and Tunisian varieties at 83.88% and 77.19%, respectively, while 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) activity increased in all varieties, with a significant 179.31% rise in the Egyptian variety. These findings highlight the beneficial effects of Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 as a bioinoculant for anise seeds, suggesting its potential application in agricultural practices to improve seed yield and quality. Further field trials are recommended to assess the commercial viability of this endophyte for enhancing anise seed production and potentially benefiting other plant species.

In silico Screening and in vitro Cytotoxicity Study of Achyranthes aspera Phytochemicals Against Oral Cancer: A Possible Step towards the Development of Anti-cancer Agents.

Oral cancer poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. In addition, because many chemotherapy treatments have negative side effects, natural herbs may be beneficial for oral cancer therapy. Achyranthes aspera (AA), a potential medicinal herb, exerts various pharmacological and biochemical activities. The present study aimed to predict the anti-oral cancer potential of AA using in silico tools and cell death by in vitro testing. A total of fourteen bioactive constituents from AA herb were selected using phytochemical databases. The toxicity of AA herb extract was analysed through MTT assay against oral carcinoma A253 cell line. The binding activities of the phytocomponents against serine/ threonine-specific protein kinases isoforms, namely Akt1 (PDB ID: 3qkk) and Akt2 (PDB ID: 2jdo) proteins, were analysed using Discovery Studio 2021 and PyRx docking software. Cell viability data revealed that AA extract decreased the viability and reduced the number of live cells of the oral carcinoma A253 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. The halfmaximal concentration (IC50) value of AA was assessed as 204.74 μg/ml. Based on binding affinity, saponin C (-CDOCKER energy = -77.9862), oleanolic acid (-CDOCKER energy = - 49.4349), spinasterol (-CDOCKER energy = -38.1246), 36,47-dihydroxyhenpentacontan-4-one (-CDOCKER energy = -32.4386), and 20-hydroxyecdysone (-CDOCKER energy = -31.9138) were identified as the best compounds against Akt1, while, compounds saponin C (-CDOCKER energy = -134.412), oleanolic acid (-CDOCKER energy = -90.0846), spinasterol (-CDOCKER energy = -78.3213), 20-hydroxyecdysone (-CDOCKER energy = -80.1049), and ecdysone (- CDOCKER energy = -73.3885) were identified as Akt2 inhibitors. These top compounds fulfilled drug score values, pharmacokinetic and physicochemical characteristics, and druglikeness parameters. The present findings reveal that the lead phytomolecules of AA could be effective and developed as a prospective drug against oral cancer.

Clinical and microbial evaluation of mouthwash containing Achyranthes aspera and Trachyspermum ammi: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial

ObjectivesAchyranthes aspera (Apamarga) and Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain) have been used in many clinical conditions, and it displays valuable properties as an alternative to Chlorhexidine (CHX) in the management of gingivitis. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of Achyranthes aspera and Trachyspermum ammi (AA + TA) based herbal mouthwash, 0.2 % CHX, and placebo mouthwash on gingival health, plaque control and antibacterial activity against specific periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia) using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). MethodsThis was a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial involving 108 children with plaque-induced gingivitis who were randomly assigned to three groups of 36 children each: Group A, AA + TA mouthwash; Group B, CHX mouthwash; and Group C, placebo mouthwash. Gingival index and plaque index were recorded at baseline, 7th and 21st day. RT-PCR was employed to determine the bacterial counts of each plaque sample at baseline and after 21 days. ResultsAll three groups exhibited a gradual and significant reduction in both gingival and plaque scores from baseline to days 7 and 21. However, the placebo group did not demonstrate a significant difference in scores between days 7 and 21. Furthermore, a significant reduction in bacterial counts of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia was observed in the groups receiving CHX and AA + TA mouthwash after 21 days of intervention compared to the placebo group. ConclusionAA + TA mouthwash demonstrated non-inferiority in anti-gingivitis and anti-plaque properties compared to CHX, suggesting its potential suitability as an alternative to CHX when used in conjunction with mechanical plaque control measures.

Achyranthes aspera-Mediated Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis for Enhanced Enrichment: Toxicological Studies on Eudrilus eugeniae Earthworms

This study utilizes gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze phytochemicals in Achyranthes aspera, revealing over 57 phyto components in its methanol extracts. Major components include Neophytadiene, Stigmasterol, and Lupeol. The study then explores the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using these extracts, observing a color change in the reaction mixture, indicating successful synthesis. UV/Vis spectra reveal absorption peaks at 343 and 411nm, indicative of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the AgNPs. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) highlights various functional groups present in the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the crystalline nature of the AgNPs, showing distinct peaks corresponding to crystallographic planes. SEM and AFM images display spherical AgNPs with cluster formations. The introduction of these plant-mediated AgNPs to earthworms results in significant growth compared to control groups. Silver content analysis in earthworms corroborates the effectiveness of the plant-mediated nanoparticles. Dissection analysis reveals enhanced growth in reproductive organs. Despite the benefits of nanomaterials, the study acknowledges potential toxicological concerns, emphasizing the increasing usage of silver nanoparticles and their potential impact on the environment. This research provides valuable insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biological effects of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles.

Ethnomedicinal plants for cardiovascular diseases management in manikganj district

The present research deals with the identification of ethnomedicinal plants used by the local people for curing cardiovascular diseases in Manikganj district, Bangladesh. The present study aimed to record and validate the ethnomedicinal knowledge used by the local people for cardiovascular disease (CVD) management in Manikganj district, Bangladesh using recent ethnobotanical survey methods. The record of 131 ethnomedicinal plant species with diverse use patterns reflected the traditional knowledge richness in the study area. Among the ethnomedicinal plants, 10 plant species, including Phyllanthus emblica L., Allium sativum L., Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. Ex DC.) Wight &amp; Arn, Achyranthes aspera L., Terminalia chebula Retz., Allium cepa L., Adhatoda zeylanica Nees, Cinnamomum tamala Nees &amp; Eberm, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp, and Ipomea aquatica Forssk, were cited most frequently by the local people. Among the disease categories, the highest Fic (factor of informant consensus) value was obtained in cardiac complaints, followed by blood purifiers, chest pain, high blood pressure, and antioxidants. In this research, 131 plant species were recorded, and 45 plants obtained the highest Fl (fidelity level) value of 100%. The members of the most common medicinal plants were from the families of Fabaceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Apocynaceae. This result provides baseline data to link the local population, including traditional health professionals and scientific communities, which could be significant in drug discovery and is very important for the sustainable development program and conservation management in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 101-121, 2024 (June)

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Achyranthes aspera in Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Investigation into its Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties

This study examines the likely activity of Achyranthes aspera in the improvement of wound mending. A carrageenan-prompted intense provocative model was utilized to prompt irritation, and an extraction wound model was utilized to make wounds in rodents. Chronic administration of different extracts of A. aspera, counting ACAQ (extract aqueous at 200 and 400 mg/kg) and ACME (methyl extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg), initiated for a time of 14 days following injury creation. The application of various extracts of A. aspera was observed to have a moderating impact on inflammation and oxidative stress as well as a considerable ameliorating effect on wound healing. Medicinal herbs used for wound healing and skin illnesses are crucial to opening the doors to countering resistance of infections to medicines and allopathic management. Results of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing tests endorse the use of A. aspera for dermatological and wound healing purposes, indicating the necessity for additional studies to identify and isolate its active compounds. As demonstrated in carrageenan-induced acute inflammatory and excision wound models, A. aspera may, therefore, contribute to the ongoing injuries by diminishing oxidative pressure and incendiary cytokines.

APAMARGA (ACHYRANTHES ASPERA LINN.) IN AYURVEDA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera Linn.) is a widely utilised herb in Ayurveda, known for its diverse therapeutic properties and medicinal uses. This article comprehensively reviews the botanical description, phytochemical composition, pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications of Apamarga as documented in Ayurvedic texts. The herb is esteemed for its Shothhara, Vednasthapana, Lekhana, Deepan-Pachan and Raktrodhaka. Additionally, it has been traditionally employed to manage various ailments such as Kushtha, Arsha, Kasa, Vibandha, Karnashoola, and Mutrakrichha.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of achyranthes aspera: A comprehensive review

Achyranthes aspera, commonly known as "Prickly Chaff Flower," is a medicinal plant extensively used in traditional medicine systems worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and therapeutic potential of Achyranthes aspera. The phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of various bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids, among others, which contribute to its medicinal properties. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated the diverse therapeutic effects of Achyranthes aspera, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. Furthermore, the plant has been utilized in the management of various ailments such as arthritis, diabetes, respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and skin diseases. However, despite its promising therapeutic potential, further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action and evaluate its safety and efficacy for clinical applications. This review aims to consolidate the existing knowledge on Achyranthes aspera, providing insights for future research and potential development of novel therapeutic agents.

A Comprehensive Study on Achyranthes aspera and Aesculus indica Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Activities of against Cisplatin Induced Rodent Model

A Comprehensive Study on Achyranthes aspera and Aesculus indica Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Activities of against Cisplatin Induced Rodent Model

Evaluation of antioxidant and bioactive phytochemical properties of Achyranthes aspera L.

Archeranthes aspera, a member of the Amaranthaceae family, is now widely distributed. This species has become invasive in Nigeria. Despite the natural antioxidant defense and repair mechanisms present in humans and other organisms, continuous exposure to free radicals inevitably causes biological harm that cannot be entirely mitigated. In a recent study, extracts of Achyranthes aspera were examined for their secondary metabolites, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial effects against several strains including Staphylococcus aureus (NCIB 8588), Bacillus cereus (NCIB 6349), Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIB 418), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIB). Phytochemical analysis of the plant leaf revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, general glycosides, and terpenoids. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites showed that the plant extract contained 7.0 ± 2.5 mg/100g alkaloids, 11.5 ± 2.0 mg/100g tannins, 15.0 ± 3.1 mg/100g general glycosides, and 14.0 ± 1.5 mg/100g terpenoids. The investigation revealed that the concentration of leaf extract enhanced DPPH scavenging activity, albeit to a lesser extent than ascorbic acid. At concentrations of 50 and 100µg/ml, ascorbic acid exhibited scavenging activities of 22.66 ± 2.34% and 40.55 ± 1.55%, respectively, whereas Achyranthes aspera leaf extract displayed activities of 6.33 ± 2.04% and 11.65 ± 6.18%. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the plant extract inhibited the growth of bacteria, rendering them vulnerable. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Achyranthes aspera ethanol leaf extract was found to be lowest against S. aureus and highest against B. cereus. These findings suggest that the ingredients present in the plant leaf extract hold promise for potential use in chemotherapy.

Herbal Treatments for Obesity: A Review.

Obesity is the most pervasive metabolic disorder, further linked with many other diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, and sleep apnea. To control the increasing weight of obese individuals, experts usually recommend exercise and lifestyle alterations, but medication and surgeries are also advised in severe cases. FDA-approved obesity-controlling drugs are effective but possess certain adverse effects, including dry mouth, drug abuse, dysregulation in monoamine neurotransmitters, insomnia, and many more. Medication processes are expensive; researchers have focused on safer and more effective alternative approaches than pharmaceutical drugs. Since ancient times, a diverse array of herbal plants have been used due to their therapeutic effect, as in-vitro and in-vivo experimentations have proved the effectiveness of herbal plants with no mortality. In this review, we have presented various herbs with their metabolically active secondary metabolites, including Berberis vulgaris L, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Lithospermi, Aloe vera, Clerodendrum multiflorum Burm f., Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch), Boerhaavia diffusa, Achyranthes aspera L., etc. All of these herbs are responsible for anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Most of the previously published clinical trials and animal studies that confirmed the significant potential of these herbal plants and their active ingredients to reduce weight by decreasing the accumulated fats in the body have also been discussed in this review. Thus, it is concluded that scientists must consider and utilize these natural treasures for safe, effective, and cost-effective treatment. It will open new and novel ways for treatment regimes.

Ecdysterols and triterpene glycoside from Achyranthes aspera L. and their NO production inhibitory activity

Phytochemical study on the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Achyranthes aspera led to the isolation of six compounds including five ecdysterols, makisterone A (1), achyranthesterone A (2), 24(28)-dehydromakisterone A (3), podecdysone C (4), 20-hydroxyecdysone (5), and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6). Compounds 1-5 were first isolated from A. aspera. Their chemical structures were identified by 1D and 1D NMR spectra in comparison with the published data in literature. Al five ecdysterol significantly showed NO production inhibition effects in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 values ranging from 27.21 to 40.47 µM compared to that of positive control compound, L-NMMA, 32.24 µM.

Megastigmanes and other constituents from Achyranthes aspera

AbstractA new megastigmane glycoside, (3S,5R,6R,9S)‐6,9‐epoxiionane‐3,5‐diol 3‐O‐β‐primeveroside (1) together with 7 compounds (2–8) were isolated from Achyranthes aspera L. The chemical structures were elucidated through 1D‐, 2D‐ NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS experiment. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined using combination of the experimental and theoretical calculation of CD spectra. Compounds 2 and 7 were reported for the first time from the genus Achyranthes.

Ethnomedicinal knowledge of Baiga and Gond Tribe and plant diversity in Jagmandal Forest, Mandla, India, with phytosociological diversity and utilization strategies

Abstract. Jhariya BL, Pawar M. 2024. Ethnomedicinal knowledge of Baiga and Gond Tribe and plant diversity in Jagmandal Forest, Mandla, India, with phytosociological diversity and utilization strategies. Asian J Ethnobiol 7: 13-21. In the interior areas of the Mandla District, plants become the source of medicine because of a lack of facilities and remoteness. A medicinal exploration was made to find out the medicinal values of common plants present in the Jagmandal Forest of Mandla District (Mandla, India) during 2020-2023. During the survey, a total of 162 plant species belonging to 64 families were identified as being used for treatment of approximately 43 ailments or therapeutic indications which highest study done so far in the area. It has also been observed that more numbers of medicinal plants were recorded in the family Fabaceae. The majority of plant parts used to prepare treatments for various illnesses were leaves, as evidenced by the fact that leaves were the most often employed component of the plant against various diseases, followed by herbs (42%), trees (33%), climbers (14%), and shrubs (11%). The disease category with the highest ICF value (0.81) was the antiseptic. Aloe vera, Achyranthus aspera, and Azadirachta indica were highly preferred as treatments. More photochemical studies are needed before some of them can be used as drugs to benefit mankind. It is critical to explore, identify, and use new medicinal plants while also assisting in the conservation of existing but threatened species of rare medicinal plants in the area with the support of local communities.