Achillea Ptarmica Research Articles

The Potential for Selective Seed Maturation in Achillea Ptarmica (Asteraceae)

I examined whether there is a potential for selective abortion associated with the consistently low seed-ovule ratio in Achillea ptarmica, a self-incompatible clonal plant with single-ovuled flowers arranged in dense inflorescences. Maternal plants raised in a greenhouse differed widely in their fertility following hand-pollination, ranging from plants that were effectively female sterile to individuals in which more than 80% of the ovules matured into seeds. This variation was largely genetic, as shown by a strong between-year consistency and a high clonal repeatability

Essential Oils ofAchillea ptarmica

Using GC and GC/MS, 40 compounds were identified in the essential oils of various organs of ACHILLEA PTARMICA. Three ponticaepoxides and (+)-(4 S,6' R)-beta-sesquiphellandrene could be isolated from the root.

Floral display and pollination success in Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae)

In a natural population of the self‐incompatible Achillea ptarmica, many‐headed inflorescences attracted most pollinators (flies), and each pollinator visited more heads on large inflorescences than on smaller ones. The visitation rate did not increase disproportionately with inflorescence size, as would be expected if clusters of heads had a synergetic effect on pollinator attraction. Both the calculated visitation rate per head and the percentage seed set increased slightly as a function of head number. The removal of rays from all heads in the inflorescence reduced the approach rate by 51%, but had only a small negative effect on seed set (12%). Hence, ray removal probably affected male fertility (pollen donation) to a greater extent than female fertility. The decline in pollination success was similar for all inflorescence sizes, suggesting that ray and inflorescence size have independent effects on the total display, and thus represent separate targets for pollinator‐mediated selection. Residual variation in seed set was strongly correlated with patch identity, indicating clonal or environmentally induced differences in female reproductive success.

Lipophilic Compounds from Achillea ptarmica

Lipophilic Compounds from Achillea ptarmica

Further Polyenic and Polyynic Carboxamides and Sesamin fromAchillea ptarmica

The amides of various polyenic and polyynic carboxylic acids contained in the lipophilic extract from roots, leaves, and flowers of ACHILLEA PTARMICA were separated into several fractions by DCCC. Further separation was possible by subjecting these fractions to HPLC on silica gel (LiChrosorb) and CN-LiChrosorb. With this procedure, sesamin and 15 acid amides of unsaturated carboxylic acids were found. Structure elucidation of the compounds was carried out by means of UV-, IR-, (1)H-NMR spectroscopy and MS.

Flavonoid diversification in Achillea ptarmica and allied taxa

More than 50 collections of 12 species forming the A. ptarmica group have been analysed for their leaf flavonoids. C-Glycosylflavones (iso-orientin and derivatives, vicenins and lucenins) were found to be the main components, whereas flavonol 3- O-glycosides (based on quercetin and kaempferol) and flavone 7- O-glycosides (based on luteolin and diosmetin) were of restricted distribution. Infraspecific variability regarding C-glycosylflavones was observed in most of the taxa investigated. By contrast, flavonol 3- O-glycosides appeared to be stable characters and were sometimes accumulated instead of C-glycosylflavones. In addition to the flavonoids, the geographical distribution patterns and the possible origin of the A. sibirica in Eastern Asia are briefly discussed.

Septoria leucanthemi . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria leucanthemi . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, C. maximum, C. segetum . Also by inoculation on Chrysanthemum parthenium, C. roseum, Tagetes patula, Centaurea cyanus, Achillea ptarmica, Helichrysum sp., Helianthus annuus . DISEASE: Leaf spot of ox-eye daisy ( Chrysanthemum leucanthemum [Leucanthemum vulgare] ), shasta daisy ( C . maximum ) and corn marigold ( C . segetum ). The disease is sometimes referred to as leaf blotch of shasta daisy (Wormald, 1925). Symptoms appear on leaves of all ages and are of two types: dark brown circular or semicircular zonate lesions with a central sunken pale or whitish area surrounded by somewhat elevated concentric markings and measuring 0.5-2 cm wide; shot-hole spot usually appearing during extremely wet conditions, where the central pale depressed area falls off leaving behind spots with abundant pycnidia around the rim of the shot-hole. In severe cases leaves turn yellow and completely wither. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (South Africa); Asia (U.S.S.R.); N. and S. America (Canada, U.S.A., Argentina); Europe (Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Yugoslavia. (Literature; Herb. IMI). TRANSMISSION: The pathogen may be transmitted by splashing rain drops and by contact. It remains in a viable condition in diseased plant debris and serves as the inoculum for the following year.

The Aquatic and Marsh Vegetation of Esthwaite Water

The terrestrial hydrophytic vegetation at Esthwaite falls naturally into two subdivisions: A. The purely zonal plant communities bearing no relation to the aquatic succession. B. The communities succeeding aquatic plants as the mud gets above the water level. I propose to refer to these two types of communities respectively as marsh andfen types, since the habitats, plant communities, and biotic relationships of each are widely different. A. The marsh vegetation occurs in zones near the water, and is confined to substrata composed of the primitive rounded morainic stones of which the shores are built. Locally, these are superficially eroded, or masked by thin peat, but these variations produce little difference in the vegetation, which is apparently chiefly controlled by the stony substratum and the slightly acid waters of the lake. The following communities are distinguished. (i) Along sheltered, slightly eroded and unsilted parts of the shore, local communities of Eleocharis palustris or Phalaris arundinacea occur, extending sometimes below the summer level, and to about 10-15 cm. above it, with Lythrum Salicaria frequent. All three species have tough rhizomes capable of penetrating the interstices of the hard substratum. Where peat accumulates or silting sets in, these communities pass into the Phragmites consocies. The communities being developmental and having one dominant each, can be termed respectively the Eleocharis palustris consocies and Phalaris arundinacea consocies. (ii) Where pasture land abuts on the lake, an open community of the following species occurs, usually at levels of 10-30 cm. above the summer water level. *Ranunculus Flammula f Lythrum Salicaria o Caltha palustris 1 Hydrocotyle vulgaris f Potentilla palustris 1 Achillea Ptarmica f

On the presence of Silica in the Rubiaceæ and in Achillea Ptarmica

ABSTRACT Amongst the various inorganic elements which we find present in plants, there is hardly one more interesting than silica, either to the amateur microscopist or to the truly scientific botanist. Some microscopic preparations of siliceous parts, obtained from the Equisetaceæ, Gramineæ, from the Deutzia scabra, and some other plants in which it has been discovered, are rarely wanting in the limited collection of the tyro, whom they please,—and never, I may say, in the cabinet of the experienced physiologist, whom they still, to some extent, puzzle.