Acetic Anhydride Solution Research Articles

Dielectric Constant Measurements on the Binary Solvents: Acetic Acid-Acetic Anhydride and Acetic Acid-Nitromethane

composed of aromantics and acetonitrile, since interfering reactions involving salt solvation and multiple ion association may occur. However, the availability of reliable formation and dissociation constants for many acids, bases, and salts in glacial acetic acid suggested to us that a binary solvent containing acetic acid as one component would be a suitable system in which to study the relationship of dielectric constant of the medium to spectrophotometrically determined constants. Hoover and Hutchison (8) observed parallel changes in both the electrical conductance and dielectric constant with changes in composition of dilute solutions of water and acetic anhydride in acetic acid. An increase in the apparent base strength of weak bases in acetic acid (with respect to perchloric acid, HCIO4, as the reference acid) occurs upon the addition of a second miscible solvent having a dielectric constant greater than 6.2. Fritz and Fulda (5) attributed the large change in e.m.f. at the equivalence point for the titration of colorless bases in the binary solvents, acetic acid-acetic anhydride and acetic anhydride-nitromethane, to the complete removal of water from the solvent and to HOAc+C10- being a stronger acid than H3O+CIO--. Other potentiometric measurements by Streuli (18) showed that acetic acid-acetic anhydride is a nonleveling solvent toward neutral and anionic bases. Spectrophotometrically determined indicator constants (halfneutralization numbers) exhibited a continuous nonlinear increase in magnitude with increasing mole fraction of acetic anhydride in the same binary solvent system (13).

Additions and Corrections-The Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. Part II. The Oxidation of Cyclopentene, 3-Methylcyclohexene and Tetralin in Acetic Anhydride Solution

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections-The Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. Part II. The Oxidation of Cyclopentene, 3-Methylcyclohexene and Tetralin in Acetic Anhydride SolutionR Snyder, H Shine, K Leibbrand, and P TawneyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 24, 5045Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online10 July 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01485a606RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (143 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Conductance of Solutions of Water, Acetic Anhydride and Acetyl Chloride in Acetic Acid

Conductance of Solutions of Water, Acetic Anhydride and Acetyl Chloride in Acetic Acid

The Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. Part II. The Oxidation of Cyclopentene, 3-Methylcyclohexene and Tetralin in Acetic Anhydride Solution

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. Part II. The Oxidation of Cyclopentene, 3-Methylcyclohexene and Tetralin in Acetic Anhydride SolutionR. H. Snyder, H. J. Shine, K. A. Leibbrand, and P. O. TawneyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 16, 4299–4300Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01525a046RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (251 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

THE ACTION OF SODIUM IODIDE ON O-p-TOLUENE-SULPHONYL-1,4;3,6-DIANHYDRIDES OF D-MANNITOL, D-GLUCITOL, AND L-IDITOL

In the displacement reaction with sodium iodide in acetic anhydride solution the rates of reaction of four isohexide tosyl esters were compared to that of an O-acetyl-O-tosylisosorbide recently described. The tosyloxy group in the latter compound was replaced rapidly and was therefore in the 5-endo-position, the compound being correctly named 2-O-acetyl-5-O-p-toluenesulphonyl-1,4;3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol. The product of the reaction was isolated as a crystalline material, and was identified as 2-O-acetyl-5-deoxy-5-iodo-1,4;3,6-dianhydro-L-iditol.

覚せいアミン剤の検出法 第2報

Addition of tertiary amines to the acetic anhydride solution of citric, aconitic, and malonic acid and heating causes red, violet, or blue coloration, while other organic acids do not show such coloration. This reaction is the most sensitive coloration peculiar to aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic-aliphatic, and aromatic tertiary amines. The procedures of such coloration are as follows: To a minute quantity of tertiary amines (aqueous solution is evaporated to dryness after acidification with hydrochloric acid) or 1 drop of their ethanolic solution, 0.5cc. of 2w/v% acetic anhydride solution of citric acid is added, and the mixture is warmed in a water bath by which red to purple coloration results. The reaction vessels to be used must be clean and a blind test is carried out at the same time. Alkali and alkali earth metal salts of organic and inorganic acids also give positive reaction but other metal salts are negative.

Detection of digitalis glycosides on paper chromatograms.

Neher and Wettstein1 have used a solution of antimony trichloride in organic solvent to identify certain steroids on paper chromatograms. Although Jaminet2 has used an acetic anhydride solution of antimony trichloride for the spectrophotometric identification of cardiac glycosides, he has not reported its use with paper chromatograms. Work in this laboratory has shown that antimony trichloride may be successfully applied to this field.

Molecular weight degradation of polyvinyl acetate on hydrolysis

AbstractWhen the acetate groups of polyvinyl acetate are removed and subsequently restored, the viscosity of the polymer is usually decreased. It is found that after such processing, vinyl acetate polymers prepared at a given temperature approach a maximum viscosity regardless of the viscosity of the original resins. This maximum is increased by lowering the temperature of polymerization and is different for other vinyl esters. The extent of degradation is negligible at low conversions. It is concluded that this phenomenon is characteristic of the monomer. The chemical bond responsible for the degradation has many of the properties of ester linkages. The resins degrade with both bases and acids although the latter catalyst sometimes requires the presence of water. They also degrade when heated in a solution of pyridine, acetic acid and acetic anhydride. The extent of degradation closely parallels the degree of hydrolysis. It is suggested that these ester linkages are formed during polymerization as a result of transfer with the carbon‐hydrogen bonds of the acetate groups of both monomer and polymer. Evidence of another transfer reaction involving the vinyl group, but having no bearing on the degradation, is also advanced. If polyvinyl acetate is alcoholized with an acid catalyst, in the absence of water, the processed resin may have a higher viscosity than would be the case with an alkaline catalyst. How much higher is governed by the type of initiator used in the polymerization. This suggests that polymer molecules may be united under these conditions, but the nature of the reaction is obscure.

436. The estimation of citric acid in dairy products

A rapid method for the colorimetric analysis of micro quantities, of citric acid beginning at concentrations of 0·01% of citric acid in milk and in dairy products has been described. The analysis is based on the yellow colour which develops upon reacting citric acid with pyridine in a solution of acetic anhydride, as applied by Saffran & Denstedt for the estimation of citric acid in blood. The accuracy of the method in the ranges normally used in the estimation of citric acid in milk is approximately ±3%. Examples of determinations in milk and dairy products are given.

THE ELECTROLYSIS OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH ALTERNATING CURRENT

The a-c. electrolysis of a number of organic compounds was carried out in order to ascertain what products might be obtained, what electrolytic conditions affected the nature and the yield of products, and to discover the general relations governing oxidation and reduction when a.c. is used. Oxidation was found to predominate over reduction, owing, probably, to the relatively low hydrogen overvoltage on the electrodes. The effect of varying the conditions of a-c. electrolysis was in general similar to that observed in d-c. electrolysis. Satisfactory yields were obtained only when a product of an irreversible process was concerned. A good yield of quinhydrone from the a-c. electrolysis of hydroquinone was secured at a relatively high current density. The chlorination of acetone by the a-c. electrolysis of a solution of acetic anhydride in hydrochloric acid gave a current yield of 35% at a current density of 2 amp. per cm2.

Societies and Academies

PARIS. Academy of Sciences, July 16.—The president announced the death of A. T. Schloesing, member of the Section of Rural Economy. Ch. Maurain, Mile. G. Homery, and G. Gibault: The vertical atmospheric current. At the Val-Joyeux Observatory the electric field is measured continuously and the conductivities corresponding to the positive and negative ions measured three times daily. Tables are given showing the values of the vertical currents deduced from these data. J. Courregelongue and H. Maugein: Some experiments on auto-oscillation and autorota-tion of immersed plates. Edgar Pierre Tawil: Stationary ultra-sonorous waves made visible in gases by the method of striae. A description of an apparatus capable of rendering visible the stationary waves produced in air by a piezo-electric crystal. Photographs are given. Herculano de Carvalho: The presence of uranium in mineral waters. The uranium-radium ratio. Uranium determinations have been made in waters from five springs, the amount found being of the order of 10.6 gm. per litre. There was no constant ratio between radium and uranium. F. Bourion and Mile O. Hun: The determination by the boiling method of the affinity relative to the formation of the complex ammonium iodide-cadmium iodide. Aumeras and Tamisier: The spectrophotometric study of the cupripyridine ion in aqueous solution. Mme. Ramart-Lucas and J. Hoch: The configuration of molecules in space. The absorption in the ultra-violet of the acids CBH5(CH2)n·CO·OH, C6H5(CHa)n·(CO·OH)2 and the hydro-carbons C6H5 (CH2)n C6H5. Sebastien Sabetay and Jean Bleger: The chromic oxidation of the cyclane-polyols. By the oxidation of quinite in acetic an-hydride solution by chromic anhydride, cyclohexan-dione is obtained in good yield (56 per cent theoretical yield): its physical properties and chemical reactions are given. Charles Dufraisse and Marius Badoche: Researches on the dissociable organic oxides: the transformation of oxyrabrene into a non-dissociable isomer, iso-oxyrubrene. A probable formula is assigned to this oxide, but it is still difficult to suggest a formula for oxyrubrene which explains its property of dissociation with liberation of oxygen. Marcel Solignac: The mineralogical characters of the oolitic iron mineral of Djebel el Ank, southern Tunis. Jean Lugeon: Measurements of the ionisation, of the electric field, and of atmospherics on Mt. Blanc.