Accuracy Of Ultrasonography Research Articles

Point of care thoracic ultrasound versus chest computed tomography in the approach of febrile neutropenia patients: A diagnostic accuracy cohort study.

Single-center prospective cohort diagnostic accuracy study. Our study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of Thoracic Ultrasound (TUS) in detecting pulmonary pathology in immunosuppressed patients. We conducted a single-center prospective study. Consecutive patients with febrile neutropenia who underwent CT (Computerized Tomography) underwent TUS evaluation within 24h of CT. Both studies were performed by an expert who was blinded to the clinical information and results of the alternative imaging modalities. 34 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 39.9 years (±17 standard deviation). TUS as a diagnostic test had a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 83.3%, negative predictive value of 71.4%, and positive predictive value of 96.3%. Substantial between-method agreement was demonstrated with a kappa of 0.71 (P = .001) between the TUS and chest CT findings. We obtained a kappa of 1 (P = .001) for the final diagnosis of Pleural Effusion (PE). We concluded that TUS is a promising screening test for immunocompromised individuals. The results showed good diagnostic performance of TUS compared to CT for the detection of pulmonary findings highly suggestive of pathology with high accuracy and reproducibility.

Ultrasound accuracy in evaluating renal calculi in Maysan province.

Renal calculi are a common clinical presentation. While ultrasound (US) is a widely used imaging modality for kidney stone diagnosis due to its accessibility and lower cost, its accuracy compared to computerized tomography (CT), the gold standard, remains understudied. This cross-sectional study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detecting and characterizing kidney stones compared to computed tomography (CT). Fifty-six patients with suspected kidney stones based on flank pain underwent abdominal ultrasound to assess stone presence, size, location, and the severity of any hydronephrosis (kidney swelling). These findings were then confirmed with a subsequent non-contrast CT scan. There was a fair agreement between US and CT (Kappa = 0.368) for detecting the stone location. The US could not detect 7 (12.5%) stones, being less sensitive in the middle and upper calyx compared to CT. There was a fair agreement between the US and CT (Kappa = 0.394) for detecting the severity of hydronephrosis. The US was less sensitive to moderate and severe hydronephrosis compared to CT. The abdominal ultrasound demonstrated excellent reliability for stone size measurement (intraclass correlation = 0.924), with CT measurements only slightly larger on average (mean difference 0.9 mm). Although abdominal ultrasound provides reliable stone size assessment, its capacity to accurately localize stones and assess hydronephrosis severity is limited.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in the Detection of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-Analysis.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a diagnostic tool that is gaining popularity for its ability to improve overall diagnostic accuracy in bladder cancer (BC) staging. Our aim is to determine the cumulative diagnostic performance of CEUS in predicting preoperative muscle invasiveness using a comprehensive systematic review and pooled meta-analysis. A systematic review until October 2023 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Patients with BC suspicion were offered CEUS before the transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT). The diagnostic performance of CEUS was evaluated based on non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) vs. muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) confirmed at the final histopathological examination after TURBT. The outcomes were determined through pooled sensitivity, specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR+), negative likelihood ratio (PLR-), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, five studies were included. In these studies, a total of 362 patients underwent CEUS prior to TURBT. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.93) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92), respectively. SROC curve depicted a diagnostic accuracy of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.81-0.98). The pooled PLR+ and PLR- were 7.3 (95% CI: 4.8-11.2) and 0.14 (95% CI: 0.08-0.23), respectively. Our meta-analysis indicates that CEUS is highly accurate in the diagnosis and staging for BC. Beyond its accuracy, CEUS offers the advantage of being a cost-effective, safe, and versatile imaging tool.

Accuracy of Duplex Ultrasound for Detecting Renal Artery Stenosis: A Systematic Review

Background: Duplex ultrasound (DUS) is a well-tolerated, noninvasive imaging technique. Renal artery stenosis (RAS)—a narrowing of the arteries that supply the kidney—is involved in the cause of renal failure, and its gold-standard method of detection is digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Whether DUS is a suitable alternative to DSA or other angiographic modalities has only been reviewed up to 2005, producing mixed results with studies based on older ultrasound technology without a measurement of study quality. Purpose: To provide an up-to-date review of the diagnostic accuracy of DUS for the diagnosis of RAS in comparison with angiography. Methods: Our registered systematic review (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/SE9VN) examined articles post-2005. Studies must have compared RAS diagnosis between DUS and angiography. Sources were searched in November 2022 and included Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Academic Search Premier (1749 citations; final: n = 34; DSA only: n = 9). Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies 2 tool and results are presented narratively. A total of 2968 (1281 females) patients were included. Duplex ultrasound exhibited moderately high agreement with DSA and other well-established angiographic criteria with the existing literature having low risk of bias and low concern for patient applicability. Studies exhibiting low agreement were generally in smaller samples or used unique definitions of stenosis. Conclusions: Improved study reporting, consistent definitions of stenosis, and a common statistical battery are needed.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Transabdominal and Transvaginal Ultrasound in Assessing Endometrial Pathologies in Women with Postmenopausal Bleeding: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Postmenopausal Bleeding (PMB) is defined as any spontaneous bleeding occurring after 12 consecutive months of amenorrhoea due to ovarian follicular inactivity. Timely evaluation of PMB is crucial to exclude potential underlying cervical or endometrial malignancies, which are significant causes of mortality. Although endometrial biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, it is invasive and can be painful. Therefore, a less invasive screening tool is needed, which is where the role of Ultrasound (USG) comes into play to identify candidates for endometrial biopsies. Aim: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of Transabdominal Sonography (TAS) and Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS) in detecting endometrial pathology in postmenopausal women with bleeding and to compare these findings with endometrial biopsy results. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from November 2020 to October 2022 in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation Vijaywada, Andhra Pradesh, India, included 50 adult female patients of menopausal age with atleast 12 months of amenorrhoea. In these patients, endometrial thickness was measured using both TVS and TAS, after which they were referred to the Department of Gynaecology for endometrial biopsy. The patients were divided into two groups: those with endometrial pathology (40 patients) and those with other causes of PMB (10 patients). Quantitative, non normally distributed variables were analysed using the Wilcoxon’s Mann-Whitney U Test and the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis with a >5 mm cut-off for endometrial thickness was performed. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 59±7 years and the endometrial thickness measured using TAS was 4.46±3.05 mm, while the endometrial thickness measured using TVS was 5.28±3.83 mm. Significant differences were observed between the two groups (patients with and without endometrial pathology as a cause for PMB) regarding endometrial thickness, as measured by both TAS (W=446.000, p<0.001) and TVS (W=442.000, p<0.001). The endometrial pathologies identified in the study included endometrial atrophy (26 patients), endometrial hyperplasia (4 patients), endometrial carcinoma (7 patients), and endometrial polyps (3 patients). The strength of association, measured by Point-Biserial Correlation, was 0.69 for TAS and 0.70 for TVS, indicating a large effect size in both cases. Endometrial pathology was predicted with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 95% using TAS, and with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 89% using TVS. Conclusion: The present study emphasises that PMB is a prevalent concern in gynaecological practice, and ruling out endometrial cancer is critical due to its associated mortality. TVS remains a primary tool for identifying patients who require further evaluation through endometrial biopsy. Although TAS is initially performed for screening other pelvic pathologies and prior to conducting TVS, both modalities should be utilised.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Detecting Traumatic Pneumothorax by Novice Physicians in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal.

Traumatic pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition requiring vigilant clinical assessment and urgent management. Lung ultrasound (LUS) is considered to be a safer, rapid, and accurate modality for the early diagnosis of traumatic pneumothorax. The principle objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of bedside LUS performed by trained novice physicians in the diagnosis of traumatic pneumothorax as compared to supine chest X-rays (CXRs) and/or computed tomography (CT) scans and/or air leak during needle/tube thoracostomy as composite standard. It is a prospective, cross-sectional, single-blinded study using a nonprobability quota sampling technique. A total of 96 patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with polytrauma and chest injuries within a period of twelve months were included. The diagnostic accuracy of bedside LUS performed by trained novice physicians was calculated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) and compared with the composite standard. The sensitivity of LUS in diagnosing traumatic pneumothorax as compared to the composite standard was 100% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59.05%-100.00%), whereas its specificity was 97.75% (95% CI: 92.12%-99.73%). Similarly, the PPV and NPV of LUS were 77.7% (95% CI: 39.99%-97.19%) and 100% (95% CI: 95.85%-100.00%), respectively. The results of the study showed that the application of LUS in detecting traumatic pneumothorax had similar diagnostic accuracy as supine CXR. Bedside LUS is widely available, portable, and inexpensive. It also has the capability of real-time imaging and can be repeated as necessary with less risk of radiation exposure. Therefore, physicians working in tertiary and rural health institutions must be trained adequately in order to uplift the clinical utility of LUS for the timely and cost-effective detection of traumatic pneumothorax.

Accuracy of Prenatal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Isolated Fetal Cleft Palate in High-risk Patients

Accuracy of Prenatal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Isolated Fetal Cleft Palate in High-risk Patients

Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children using Chest X-RAY as Gold Standard

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children using chest x-ray as the gold standard. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot Pakistan, from Feb to Aug 2021 Methodology: All patients underwent clinical examination, chest radiograph (anterior-posterior view), lung ultrasound and blood sample analysis in the first 24 hours after admission. A pre-specified hospital radiologist carried out a lung ultrasound. The examination was performed with the patient sitting upright or supine. The presence of pneumonia on x-ray and USG were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of pneumonia by taking chest x-ray as the gold standard was calculated in all the study participants. Results: In this study, 262 patients with clinical features of pneumonia were enrolled. The mean age of the study participants was 3.27±2.344 years. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy and frequency of lung ultrasonography (US) vs chest radiography (CR) in diagnosing pneumonia was 95.28%, 87.5%, 99.59%, 36.84%, 95.04% and 96.95% respectively. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound emerged as a sensitive diagnostic tool to diagnose pneumonia in children. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value all favoured the use of this modality to diagnose pneumonia in paediatric patients.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Female Infertility: A Systematic Review

Female infertility can result from issues with the fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix. Ultrasound has become an essential component of the modern investigation of female infertility and the management of assisted conception, which is able to access endometrial and uterine factors that affect embryo implantation. To date, Transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) has become the modality of choice for the initial study of female infertility since it is widely available, cost-effective, and non-invasive. This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of TVS in evaluating female infertility and how different types of abnormalities in female infertility affect the diagnostic accuracy. The systematic search in this study followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) and Meta-Analyses. The electronic databases PubMed and ScienceDirect were utilized. Papers published between 2012 and 2022 were chosen and subjected to analysis following the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS). In the initial search strategy, a total of 217 articles were discovered. By applying specific criteria for inclusion and exclusion, a set of five studies involving 770 patients were chosen for analysis. Forest plot analysis of these five studies evaluating sensitivity and specificity demonstrated low heterogeneity (Q = 4.574) and moderate heterogeneity (Q = 20.771) respectively. Employing a random-effects model, transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) demonstrated a favorable overall accuracy for evaluating female infertility with a pooled sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.99), and a specificity of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.17). The sensitivity and specificity may vary depending on the specific abnormality being assessed. The most observed abnormalities were endometrial polyps and uterine fibroids, while uterine cancer and adenomyosis were the least frequently observed abnormalities. Findings from this study suggest that TVS offers moderate accuracy in the evaluation of female infertility. TVS is particularly valuable when used in conjunction with hysteroscopy, as it demonstrates high accuracy in detecting and characterizing abnormalities.

Predictive Ability of Ultrasound on Neonatal Diagnoses and Consequences on Prenatal Care Utilization.

Fetal anomalies suspected on fetal ultrasound may cause significant stress for patients. Some findings resolve or have minimal clinical significance for the neonate. Our purpose is to evaluate fetal ultrasound accuracy and false-positive results and determine the clinical impact on maternal counseling. A retrospective review was performed on electronic medical records for women receiving prenatal care at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center who had abnormal findings on fetal ultrasounds between January 2015 and December 2018. Corresponding neonatal medical records were reviewed for the suspected condition(s). χ2 and Fisher exact tests were conducted to assess associations between fetal ultrasounds and neonatal outcomes. Two hundred eight mothers and 237 babies (including all 29 sets of twins) were included in the final analysis. Fetal ultrasounds were significantly associated with neonatal findings for the following conditions (sensitivity, specificity): anatomical disorder of extremities (0.72, 0.97), anatomical disorder of the face/skull/brain (0.67, 0.91), congenital anomaly of gastrointestinal tract (0.75, 0.98), congenital heart disease (0.75, 0.91), genetic disorder (0.72, 1.00), growth restriction (1.00, 0.85), kidney disorder (0.55, 0.98), and large for gestational age (0.80, 0.98). The highest false-positive rates occurred in congenital heart disease (65.4%), anatomical disorder of the face/skull/brain (64.3%), and growth restriction (54%). Fetal ultrasound highly correlates with neonatal findings for many congenital conditions. However, it can also be associated with a high false-positive rate for certain diagnoses; maternal counseling should include the limitations of ultrasound, including the potential for false-positive results.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound for Detection of Ureteral Involvement in Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) for the diagnosis of ureteral involvement in women with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). The meta-analysis included primary studies comparing the use of TVU for diagnosing endometriotic involvement of the ureter, using laparoscopic surgery and histological diagnosis as the reference standard. Search was performed in several databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed/MEDLINE). The studies' quality and bias risk were assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study-2 (QUADAS-2). Diagnostic performance was estimated by assessing pooled sensitivity and specificity. A total of 496 citations were found. Six articles were ultimately selected for this systematic review and meta-analysis after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.42-0.96), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.93-1.00). The heterogeneity observed was high for both sensitivity and specificity. Overall risk of bias was low. TVU is a valuable tool for the pre-operative identification of ureteral involvement by DIE.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound in Adenomyosis Taking MRI as a Gold Standard.

To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of adenomyosis using MRI as the gold standard, and to characterise the most commonly seen and accurate ultrasonographic features and their combination. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Radiology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2018 to July 2021. Transvaginal ultrasound examination was performed on patients (n = 208) who presented with symptoms related to menstrual cycles and pelvic abnormalities. Additionally, patients who sought infertility evaluation were also included in the study. The findings from the ultrasound examinations were assessed and tabulated alongside the results of the MRI scans. All examinations were conducted by senior radiologists / sonographers. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of ultrasound features were calculated individually and in combination, taking MRI as the gold standard. To enhance the accuracy of ultrasound findings, various variables were combined, and their sensitivities and specificities were calculated. Overall, transvaginal ultrasound had a high specificity of 96.15% (95% CI: 85.67 - 99.33), a relatively low sensitivity of 74.36% (95% CI: 66.63 - 80.85), PPV of 98.31 (95% CI: 93.40 - 99.70) and NPV of 55.56 (95% CI: 44.73 - 65.90). The most sensitive dual variable used was a bulky uterus combined with altered myometrial echotexture, with a sensitivity of 72.97% (95% CI: 64.95 - 79.78) and specificity of 95.83% (95% CI: 84.57-99.27). The best combined triple variable was a bulky uterus with altered echotexture and streaky myometrium, with a sensitivity of 71.85% (95% CI: 63.35 - 79.10) and a specificity of 95.46% (95% CI: 83.30 - 99.21). Transvaginal ultrasound features can identify adenomyosis characteristics in most of the patients. This could reduce the number of pelvic MRIs performed for the detection of adenomyosis. Adenomyosis, Diagnosis, Magnetic resonance imaging, Bulky uterus, Altered myometrial, Echotexture, Ultrasound.

S1354 Comparing the Accuracy of Hand-Held Ultrasound vs Traditional Ultrasound in Identifying Hepatic Steatosis

S1354 Comparing the Accuracy of Hand-Held Ultrasound vs Traditional Ultrasound in Identifying Hepatic Steatosis

Retracted: The Diagnostic Accuracy of Transabdominal and Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound for Pregnant Women with Vasa Previa and Velamentous Cord Insertion.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/1685783.].

Diagnostic Accuracy of Laryngeal Ultrasound for Evaluating Vocal Fold Movement Impairment in Children

PurposeVocal fold movement impairment (VFMI) secondary to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is a common source of morbidity after pediatric cervical, thoracic, and cardiac procedures. Flexible laryngoscopy (FL) is the gold standard to diagnose VFMI yet can be challenging to perform and/or risks possible clinical decompensation in some children and is an aerosolizing procedure. Laryngeal ultrasound (LUS) is a potential non-invasive alternative, but limited data exists in the pediatric surgical population regarding its efficacy. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of LUS compared to FL in evaluating VFMI. MethodsA prospective, single-center, single-blinded (rater) cohort study was undertaken on perioperative pediatric patients at risk for RLN injury. Patients underwent FL and LUS. Cohen's kappa was used to determine chance-corrected agreement. ResultsBetween 2021 and 2023, 85 paired evaluations were performed with patients having a median (IQR) age of 10 (4, 42) months and weight of 7.5 (5.4, 13.4) kilograms. The prevalence of VFMI was 27.1%. Absolute agreement between evaluations was 98.8% (kappa 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91–1.00, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of LUS in detecting VFMI was 95.7% and 100%, yielding a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.4% (95% CI: 90–100%). Diagnostic accuracy was 98.8% (95% CI: 93–100%). ConclusionLUS is a highly accurate modality in evaluating VFMI in children. While FL remains the gold standard for diagnosis, LUS offers a low-risk screening modality for children at risk for VFMI such that only those with an abnormal LUS or presence of clinical symptoms discordant with LUS findings should undergo FL. Type of StudyProspective, single-center, single blinded (rater), cohort study. Level of EvidenceLevel II.

CORRELATION OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND CT WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound and contrast enhanced computed tomography scan in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) and subject all patients clinically suspected of AA to both ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) whole Abdomen. Methods: It was a prospective and observational study carried on 50 patients with clinical diagnosis of AA, presenting to the surgery emergency ward and referred to Department of Radiodiagnosis, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. Results and Conclusions: CT scan has more diagnostic accuracy than ultrasonography. The ultrasound (US) accuracy was 84%, sensitivity was 89.13% and specificity was 75%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 97%, and negative predictive values (NPV) was 37%. Comparing US to CT imaging, this study showed better performance for CT imaging which was 90% accurate, 97.83 sensitive and 100% specific, with PPV of 100% and NPV of 80%.

The Accuracy of Mammogram and Ultrasound in Assessment of Tumour Size and Lymph Node Involvement in Invasive Breast Cancer

The Accuracy of Mammogram and Ultrasound in Assessment of Tumour Size and Lymph Node Involvement in Invasive Breast Cancer

The Accuracy of Third-Trimester Ultrasound in Predicting Large for Gestational Age or Macrosomic Fetuses in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Accuracy of Third-Trimester Ultrasound in Predicting Large for Gestational Age or Macrosomic Fetuses in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evaluation of artificial intelligent breast ultrasound on lesion detection and characterization compared with hand-held ultrasound in asymptomatic women.

To compare the accuracy of Artificial Intelligent Breast Ultrasound (AIBUS) with hand-held breast ultrasound (HHUS) in asymptomatic women and to offer recommendations for screening in regions with limited medical resources. 852 participants who underwent both HHUS and AIBUS were enrolled between December 2020 and June 2021. Two radiologists, who were unaware of the HHUS results, reviewed the AIBUS data and scored the image quality on a separate workstation. Breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) final recall assessment, breast density category, quantified lesion features, and examination time were evaluated for both devices. The statistical analysis included McNemar's test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test. The kappa coefficient and consistency rate were calculated in different subgroups. Subjective satisfaction with AIBUS image quality reached 70%. Moderate agreements were found between AIBUS with good quality images and HHUS for the BI-RADS final recall assessment (κ = 0.47, consistency rate = 73.9%) and breast density category (κ = 0.50, consistency rate = 74.8%). The lesions measured by AIBUS were statistically smaller and deeper than those measured by HHUS (P < 0.001), though they were not significant in clinical diagnosis (all < 3mm). The total time required for the AIBUS examination and image interpretation was 1.03 (95% CI (0.57, 1.50)) minutes shorter than that of HHUS per case. Moderate agreement was obtained for the description of the BI-RADS final recall assessment and breast density category. With image quality comparable to that of HHUS, AIBUS was superior for the efficiency of primary screening.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Transabdominal Ultrasound (TAUS) in Detection of the Common Bile Duct Stone in Suspected Patients Taking Intra-Operative Findings as Gold Standard

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) in detection of the common bile duct stone in suspected patients taking intraoperative findings as gold standard. Method: This descriptive Cross-sectional Study was conducted in new radiology department, Services Hospital Lahore from February, 2018 till August, 2018. Data from 144 patients was calculated using non-Probability Consecutive sampling. Chi-square was used to explore the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in detecting CBD among suspected patients. Results: the diagnosis accuracy of intraoperative surgery and TAUS for diagnosis of CBD, the results of Chi-square test revealed significant difference (X2=82.632, P=.000). The sensitivity was 82.69%, specificity was 92.39%, PPV was 86%, NPV was 90.43% and diagnostic accuracy of TAUS was 88.89%. Practical implication: "The study demonstrates the high diagnostic accuracy and practical benefits of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) as a non-invasive tool for detecting common bile duct stones, offering accessible and cost-effective diagnostic capabilities with no ionizing radiation or contrast material required." Conclusion: To concluded that the usage of TAUS as a tool for confirmation of presence of CBD stones at initial level is very valuable because of its numerous benefits such as easy accessibility, low in cost, no contrast material is required and ionizing radiation lacking. Hence, it is evident from the findings of current study that transabdominal ultrasound is a non-invasive technique devoid of complications as well as higher level of diagnostic accuracy in terms of detecting CBD stones. Keywords: Common bile duct stones, Transabdominal ultrasound, Diagnostic accuracy, Surgery