Accounting Research Articles

The Impacts of Implementing the Information Technology to Improve the Financial Accounting Performance of PLCS

The goal of this study is to focus the effect of information technology on the financial accounting performance of Asian public listed companies. This study used secondary data for 120 companies from 2020 to 2023. The study also used OLS to test regression by using the Stata program. The study found that there is a positive and important link among information technologies on financial accounting performance. Information technology has become a focus of interest for all financial and economic organizations because of its effect on their public and private performance in overall and financial performance in specific. Its influence also comprises several elements of accounting and financial performance. The study extended a set of findings, the significant of which is the presence of a significant impact of information technology on financial accounting performance indicators.

Corporate Tax Disclosure

ABSTRACT Policies that require, or recommend, disclosure of corporate tax information are becoming more common throughout the world, as are examples of tax-related information increasingly influencing public policy and perceptions. In addition, companies are increasing the voluntary provision of tax-related information. We describe those trends and place them within a taxonomy of public and private tax disclosure. We then review the academic literature on corporate tax disclosures and discuss what is known about their effects. One key takeaway is the paucity of evidence that many tax disclosures mandated with the aim of increasing tax revenue have produced additional revenue. We highlight many crucial unanswered questions, answers to which would inform future tax legislation and financial accounting rule making.

Competence of Frontline Implementers in the Implementation of the Policy of Appointing State Treasury Officials to Work Units within the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office Ciamis Regency

The new approach to state financial management began with the introduction of Law Number 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Law Number 1 of 2004 on State Treasury, and Law Number 15 of 2004 on the Audit of State Financial Management and Accountability. The implementation of Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation Number 32 of 2021, which essentially serves as a policy or program within the Ministry of Religious Affairs, outlines the procedures for appointing treasury officials. This process will significantly influence the transparency and accountability of budget management. The success of these policies in achieving their intended outcomes naturally depends on factors related to policy, organizational structure, and the surrounding environment. The competence of frontline implementers is the competence of policy implementers, while the competence of implementers is a work ability of each policy implementer which includes aspects of knowledge, skills, and work attitudes in accordance with the expected standardization. Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation Number 32 of 2021 Article 2 Paragraph 5 states that state treasury officials, namely Paying Warrant Signing Officers, Commitment Making Officials and Expenditure Treasurers must have a certificate of competence. With regard to the prerequisites to be able to carry out duties as a state treasury official, they must have competence, where one of the indicators of having this competence is eligibility indicated by the certificate obtained after following the certification process. To achieve good policy implementation cannot be achieved in a short time where there must be several stages taken. The first stage is called the fullness stage where it is very important to be qualified to be eligible for office, the next stage is quality, namely how the work is carried out better and who does it.

The Role of QR Code Technology in Revolutionizing Banking

The financial services industry has undergone a significant digital revolution, with QR code technology playing a crucial role in the development of the banking sector. Evolving from basic barcodes, QR codes have become essential tools for identity verification, secure online transactions, and financial account management. They represent a shift from conventional banking practices, offering enhanced security and user convenience. In banking, QR codes are used for account management, payments, and robust security protocols. The widespread adoption of QR codes has transformed how customers interact with banks and has led to stronger security measures for online banking. This article examines the growing use of QR codes in banking, highlighting the convenience, security, and improved customer experience these codes offer. The increasing importance of QR technology in banking is further demonstrated by emerging trends such as Data Matrix QR Codes, Blockchain-Enabled QR Codes, Secure Timestamping, Encryption, and Dynamic QR Codes.

Концептуальный подход к проведению аудита финансовой (бухгалтерской) отчетности

The article substantiates the need to develop an audit methodology, which includes strategies and plans, of an economic entity of any industry based on a conceptual approach, which determines the basis on the basic principles and concepts of preparing financial (accounting) reporting, including according to the rules of which jurisdiction the reporting is compiled. Particular attention is paid to the main aspects of the conceptual approach to conducting an audit of financial (accounting) statements. A matrix of conceptual foundations for the formation of a methodology for auditing a commercial organization (jurisdiction: Russian Federation) is proposed. The presented matrix is a comprehensive model and can be used as a combination of various financial reporting concepts. This model is very flexible and can be tailored to the specific wishes and needs of organizations in the design of audit procedures. When accepting an audit engagement (ISA 210), the auditor studies the conceptual framework of financial reporting and compares the purpose and objectives of the audit engagement received and the statements submitted for preliminary examination. The emphasis is on the importance of the auditor understanding the business model of the business entity. At the stage of preliminary work on accepting the audit assignment, the importance of assessing the complex geopolitical situation and the influence of the external environment on the activities of the audited entity is emphasized. To assess the possibility of accepting a new assignment or continuing to perform an assignment that is at the stage of full-fledged work, it is necessary to develop risk assessment criteria and the purpose of assessing each criterion depending on the assessment of the degree of risk of the audited entity in the external environment.

The Implementation of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) 109, Accounting Information Systems, Internal Control, and Employee Performance on the Quality of Financial Reports at BAZNAS Garut District

The Implementation of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) 109, Accounting Information Systems, Internal Control, and Employee Performance on the Quality of Financial Reports at BAZNAS Garut District

Education for a Sustainable Future: Analysis of Universitiesvision and Mission Statements in Line With Global Sustainable development Goals

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the vision and mission statements of universities in the context of their alignment with the Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to provide insights for strategic direction development in higher education institutions. Theoretical Reference: This study is grounded in strategic planning theory and its application within higher education, focusing on how institutional vision and mission statements can guide universities towards sustainable development. Method: A meta-synthesis approach is employed, synthesizing findings from multiple qualitative studies. Data collection includes a comprehensive literature review on higher education trends, best practices, and challenges, along with document analysis of vision and mission statements from various universities. Thematic analysis is utilized to identify key themes, trends, and challenges. Results and Conclusion: Key findings reveal current trends such as digitalization, globalization, and the integration of technology in teaching and learning. Emerging challenges include financial sustainability, accountability, and alignment with labor market demands. Best practices in vision and mission development emphasize stakeholder engagement, alignment with institutional values, concise and inspirational language, and adaptability to changing circumstances. The proposed vision and mission statements for the state university reflect aspirations for global recognition, interdisciplinary collaboration, innovation, entrepreneurship, ethical leadership, and fostering sustainable and inclusive communities. Implications of Research: The study underscores the importance of strategic planning and innovation in higher education. Engaging stakeholders and fostering collaboration are identified as critical strategies for addressing the highlighted challenges. These findings provide evidence-based recommendations for the state university's strategic direction, ensuring it remains adaptive, resilient, and aligned with both global and national goals. Originality/Value: This research offers a novel synthesis of qualitative studies on strategic planning in higher education, providing valuable insights into effective vision and mission development. It contributes to the discourse on aligning university strategies with global sustainability objectives, offering practical recommendations for higher education leaders.

Unlocking Business Value: Integrating AI-Driven Decision-Making in Financial Reporting Systems

This research article investigates the synergies between artificial intelligence (AI), digital transformation (DT), and financial reporting systems within the business context. The central theme explores how organizations enhance their decision-making processes by integrating AI technologies into digital transformation initiatives, particularly in financial reporting. The focal point is comprehending how the synergy of these integrated systems can unlock substantial business value, instigate strategic innovation, and elevate overall financial analytics through the adoption of intelligent, data-driven decision-making methodologies. By harnessing advanced analytics, automation, and adaptive decision support capabilities, organizations navigate the complexities of a rapidly evolving business environment, in which neural networks emerge as a valuable tool for calibrating outcomes in the financial accounting environment, demonstrating effectiveness in processing complex financial data, identifying patterns, and making predictions, ushering in a new era of transformative possibilities. The introduction of a game theory payoff matrix in this AI decision-making tool adds a strategic framework for analyzing interactions among decision-makers, considering strategic choices and outcomes in a dynamic and competitive context.

IMPACT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING ON FRAUD DETECTION IN NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS

This study investigated the impact of forensic accounting on fraud detection in deposit money banks within Benue State, Nigeria, utilizing a cross-sectional research design. The population consisted of 145 employees from three deposit money banks operating in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State. A census sampling technique was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire validated through content and construct validity methods, achieving a Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.872. The study employed binary logistic regression to estimate the impact of forensic accounting variables on fraud detection. The findings reveal that Engagement of Forensic Accountants (EFA) significantly enhances fraud detection, with a coefficient (B) of 1.671 (SE = 0.414), Wald statistic of 9.830 (p 0.001), and odds ratio (Exp(B)) of 3.911. This implies a 291.1 increase in the likelihood of fraud detection with the engagement of forensic accountants, underscoring their pivotal role in improving financial transparency and accountability. Conversely, Litigation Support Skills (LSA) did not show a statistically significant impact on fraud detection (B = 0.541, SE = 0.378, p = 0.152), suggesting limited effectiveness in this context. However, Forensic Investigative Professional Skills (FIS) demonstrated a significant positive impact (B = 1.203, SE = 0.406, p = 0.015), increasing the likelihood of detecting fraud by 104.4. The study recommends that banks prioritize the integration of forensic accountants into internal audit processes to bolster fraud detection capabilities effectively. Furthermore, continuous professional development in forensic investigative techniques should be emphasized to enhance staff skills and readiness in identifying and mitigating complex fraud schemes.

The Influence of Eco-Control, Company Size, Environmental Performance on Sustainability Reporting Disclosure

Sustainability reporting in Indonesia has become a mandatory report published by financial institutions and public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Obligations related to sustainability reporting refer to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) No.1 Revised 2019, namely that companies are required to disclose additional reports related to environmental life. Under the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) 2021 standards, the information on a company's applicant list can build stakeholder trust, maintain reputation, increase company value and demonstrate company accountability. Factors that can encourage disclosure of sustainability reporting are Eco-control, company size and environmental performance. One industry that is closely related to the environment and natural resources is the agricultural industry, apart from having a positive impact, there are also negative impacts that also cause harm to the environment. The sample in this research is agricultural sector companies listed on the IDX for 2018-2022. The research uses multiple linear analysis methods with SPSS 23 statistical software. After testing the hypothesis, the results obtained are that Eco-control has a positive influence on sustainability reporting disclosures, while the company size variable has no influence on sustainability reporting disclosures, starting with the environmental performance variable. .

Analysis of Presentation and Reporting of Financial Transactions in the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam District

This research aims to analyze the presentation and reporting of financial transactions at the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam Regency. As well as analyzing the extent to which the presentation is in accordance with sharia principles and applicable accounting standards. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, observation and analysis of cooperative financial documents. This research uses data originating from daily financial transactions at the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam Regency. Data is analyzed and processed to produce financial reports based on the Sharia Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK). The results of the research concluded that cooperative financial transactions, which only take the form of daily transactions, can already prepare financial reports based on the Sharia Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) and produce financial reports for each business unit as well as consolidated financial reports

Pembukuan Laporan Keuangan Sederhana Pada Warung Sate Cak Ummar Dan Warung Tas Rajut Pak Toe

Many MSME participants still do not understand how important it is to preserve organized financial records and bookkeeping. In actuality, business actors can determine the health of their enterprise through bookkeeping. With the help of this Community Service Activity (PKM), participants will get an awareness of the significance of business actors (MSMEs) in financial accounting and recording, as well as the procedures involved in creating financial reports. The majority of MSME participants currently maintain records, however their financial report preparation is still subpar. Training, activity implementation, and assessment are the techniques employed. The degree of comprehension exhibited by business actors both before to and during information presentation and training serves as the basis for measuring this achievement. The service's outcomes demonstrate that.

Topic modeling of financial accounting research over 70 years

AbstractI utilize latent Dirichlet allocation and dynamic topic model that are machine learning algorithms across a data set encompassing 25,990 financial accounting articles issued from 1956 to 2023 in 16 accounting journals, and impartially ascertain 20 research topics. The topics of mergers and acquisitions, disclosure and internal control, and political connection exhibited the most rapid expansion, whereas management control systems, earnings management, and valuation experienced the greatest contraction from 2014 to 2023. I also catalog the most referenced papers for each topic and highlight the most swiftly expanding and contracting topics within the realm of 21,620 SSRN working papers. Additionally, my analysis reveals a declining trend in the concentration of research interests within published articles over the preceding seven decades. This research on topic classification itself will aid accounting investigators in bypassing superfluous efforts and fostering increased interdisciplinary research.

Financial Management Practices and Financial Accounting Standards Compliance: Case of MSMEs in the Northern Philippines

Starting a business appeared simple; however, many businesses fail to maintain their operations in the long run. Based on this issue, this study explores the depth of understanding and knowledge of MSME business owners in Ilocos Norte, Philippines, regarding compliance with Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) and Financial Management Practices (FMP). Additionally, it seeks to determine the relationship between FAS and FMP and the success of businesses. The methodology used was a descriptive and correlational design. The data was gathered from 379 MSMEs through a survey questionnaire. A 4-Likert scale was used to analyze and interpret the results. Also, researchers used the International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBMSPSS), specifically regression analysis, to correlate the financial performance of the MSMEs to their financial management practices and compliance with the financial accounting standards. The study revealed that micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Ilocos Norte maintain a moderate level of implementation of financial management practices and compliance with financial accounting standards, concentrating on the Statement of Comprehensive Income. The study also revealed a significant relationship between financial management practices, compliance with financial accounting standards, and business performance, leading to success. It is justified that effectively and efficiently managing financial matters can contribute to the enhancement of business performance.

Analysis of the Presentation of the Budget Realization Report (LRA) of Bengkayang District for the 2022 Budget Year (Implementation Study of PP No. 71 of 2010)

The Budget Realization Report (LRA) is an important document that reflects the budget implementation of an entity, including regional governments. This research aims to analyze the presentation of the Bengkayang Regency LRA for the 2022 fiscal year by referring to the implementation of Government Regulation (PP) No. 71 of 2010. The Bengkayang Regency LRA provides information regarding income and expenditure that occurred during the fiscal year, as well as recording the achievement of objectives and evaluating financial performance. This research also identifies gaps between budget planning and realization in Bengkayang Regency in the 2022 fiscal year. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Primary data was obtained through observation and analysis of the LRA of Bengkayang Regency. Other relevant research reports are also used as comparisons. The analysis was carried out to evaluate the quality of the information presented in the LRA Budget Realization Report , the level of compliance with PP No. 71 of 2010, and conformity with applicable accounting principles. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of the presentation of the Bengkayang Regency LRA. The findings of this research can identify shortcomings or weaknesses in the preparation of reports and provide recommendations for future improvements. This research also compares the results with previous research which had a different focus and regulatory reference. With this research, it is hoped that it can be evaluated to what extent the implementation of PP No. 71 of 2010 in presenting the Bengkayang Regency LRA for the 2022 fiscal year. This research contributes to understanding and improving regional government financial accountability and the effectiveness of budget use.

ANALYSIS OF ADDITIONAL TAX CALCULATION AND REPORTING VALUE ADDED TAX (VAT) AND ITS IMPACT ON REPORT PRESENTATION FINANCE

This research aims to determine whether the Value Added Tax (VAT) Calculation and Reporting is by the provisions of the applicable Tax Law and financial accounting standards and to analyze its effect on the Financial Reports at PT. Kalaborang Residence. The findings of this research are significant as they provide insights into the compliance of PT. Kalaborang Residence with the tax laws and financial accounting standards, and the practical implications of VAT on the company's financial statements. Kalaborang Residence. Samples and indicators are taken from the company's profit and loss report and balance sheet. The research method used in this research is the qualitative approach. Data was obtained from interviews, observations, and documentation related to the problems studied. The data obtained was then analyzed using interactive methods. Based on the research results of VAT Calculation and Reporting. PT Kalaborang Residence is by Law Number 42 of 2009 and Harmonization of Taxation Regulations Law Number 7 of 2021, using rates of 10% and 11% by calculating output tax minus input tax; there is no delay in depositing and reporting the company has used e-Annual Tax Returns so that you are not late in reporting every VAT period—the impact of Value Added Tax on the presentation of PT's financial statements. Kalaborang Residence has no impact because its End User is only an intermediary for its financial reports. If seen theoretically, PT. Kalaborang Residence, as a Taxable Entrepreneur, is required to report its taxes in the financial reports contained in the Profit and Loss Report and Balance Sheet Report. From the results of observations made by researchers in the field during that period, there was no VAT that could not be credited to the PT's Profit and Loss Report.

Public Financial Reporting Practices, Regulations and Accountability for State-Owned Enterprises in Kenya

Public Financial Reporting Practices, Regulations and Accountability for State-Owned Enterprises in Kenya

Analisis Pengakuan Pendapatan dan Beban Pada PTPN III (Persero) Medan

This study aims to determine whether the recognition of revenues and expenses at PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Medan is by financial accounting standards. This study's primary and secondary data sources are primary and secondary. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and documentation. The data analysis methods used in this research are descriptive and comparative analysis. At PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Medan, the method applied in revenue recognition is the accrual basis. Revenue is recognized based on the amount of money received from customers less expenses. At PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero), Medan expenses are recognized in the financial statements by the basis used, namely the accrual basis; the expenses are recognized when the transaction occurs. The results show that the company has applied the revenue recognition method according to PSAK.72, where revenue is recognized when the asset is transferred to the customer.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Audit Delay Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Periode 2016-2020

Audit reports are important for stakeholders and management. For management, it is required to submit financial reports that are in accordance with financial accounting standards and have been audited by a public accountant registered with BAPEPAM. The issuance of financial reports will expedite the process of publishing financial statements. As for the timeliness of the publication of financial reports to be published, it will affect the timeliness of decision making. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of company size, solvency, profitability, and audit committee on audit delay. The company population is all manufacturing companies in 2016-2020 and the research sample is 10 companies. The data used is secondary data in the form of financial report documentation and company annual reports obtained from the IDX. The results of the study, namely partially, show that the variables that influence audit delay are company size and profitability (ROA). The significance level of these variables is 0.022 and 0.034. While the solvency and audit committee variables have no effect. The test results simultaneously show that all variables have a significant effect on audit delay.

The Functionality of Financial Control Activities in a Decentralised Basic Education Program in Uganda

Financial control activities are critical in enhancing financial accountability. This article aimed at determining the functionality of financial control activities in decentralised basic education programmes. It sought to investigate how control activities in the Universal Primary Education programme (UPE) affect the internal controls and subsequently financial accountability of the grant. The researchers conducted an exploratory review of the literature and used semi-structured interviews to collect primary data. The findings focused on physical controls in the UPE capitation grant. Under physical controls, emphasis was placed on mechanisms for securing cash and inventory. The findings revealed that physical control of the custody of cash in UPE schools is weak. This puts other school assets at risk of burglary by individuals who may get to know that there is cash in the office. The weak physical controls create an urge for the head teachers to divert resources. A scrutiny of the inventory management process exposed some gaps affecting the entire physical control system. The inventory management system is heavily compromised. Given the foregoing findings, we can argue that the financial control activities in this UPE programme are dysfunctional. The functionality of financial control activities will be enhanced if the physical control activities are strengthened and all the receipts and inventories are properly recorded. Keywords: Functionality, Financial Control, Decentralised Basic Education System and Financial Accountability