Achievement Of Goals Research Articles

Exploring the congruence between perceived parent-teacher achievement goals and student academic outcomes: A study using polynomial regression with response surface analysis.

The achievement goals set by parents and teachers play a crucial role in shaping students' personal goal orientation and academic performance. Previous studies have revealed discrepancies between achievement goals set by parents and teachers. However, limited research has examined how the congruence of perceived parents' and teachers' achievement goals is associated with students' academic performance. The current study sought to investigate the impact of congruence and discrepancy between students' perceptions of teachers' and parents' achievement goals, including mastery goals and performance goals, on students' academic performance in mathematics and language. Data were collected from a sample of 4944 Chinese students from Grades 3 to 8 using self-reported questionnaires. Polynomial regression with response surface analyses were employed to analyse the data. The results indicated that students' performance in both mathematics and language improved when congruence levels were high in perceived teachers' and parents' mastery goals. Conversely, the congruence level between perceptions of teachers' and parents' performance goals was only related to students' mathematics performance. The findings underscore the significance of congruence between perceived teachers' and parents' achievement goals in influencing students' academic performance.

Towards Environmental Sustainability: An Input–Output Analysis to Measure Industry-Level Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Egypt

Egypt’s average share of global carbon dioxide emissions has been rising from mid-1990s to date. This motivates the present study to identify industries that drive carbon dioxide emissions (as direct emitters and as total emitters with high emission multiplier effects). Environmental input–output analysis is applied to Egypt’s 2017–2018 input–output table to measure sectoral emissions. The industries identified as high emitters are linked to Egypt’s achievement of Sustainable Development Goals, namely, Goals 7, 8, 9, 12, and 13. The findings indicate that ten industries qualify as environmentally degrading (dirty), having the highest emission multiplier effects (in descending order): electricity, gas, and water; non-metallic mineral products; basic metals; rubber and plastic products; chemicals and chemical products; paper and paper products; food products; hotels and restaurants; transportation and storage; and textiles. Eight of these industries also have high output multiplier effects. This underscores that although potential investment in and the growth of these industries will generate output multiplier effects, they will also be coupled with emission multiplier effects. Five other industries had high emission multipliers, as follows: water and sewerage; beverages; coke and refined petroleum products; extraction of crude petroleum; and mining of metal ores. The growth of these industries would not be in favor of the achievement of SDGs. Policy measures are recommended.

Impact of a personalized, strike early and strong lipid-lowering approach on LDL-cholesterol levels and cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Considering the lack of evidence, we evaluated the impact on cardiovascular outcome of the systematic introduction in our institution of a personalized strike early and strong (SES) approach for lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction (MI). We retrospectively analyzed data from 500 consecutive patients hospitalized across three periods: Period A (N=198, January-June 2019), when the LDL-C goal was <70 mg/dL and a stepwise LLT approach was recommended; Period B (N=180, January-June 2021), when the LDL-C goal was <55 mg/dL and a stepwise approach was recommended; Period C (N=122, January-June 2023), when the LDL-C goal was <55 mg/dL and our SES protocol was implemented. Primary endpoints were achievement of the LDL-C goal during follow-up and one-year incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Compared to the other periods, in Period C there was a higher use of potent statins, alone or in combination with ezetimibe, and of PCSK9 inhibitors at discharge. This translated into higher achievement of the LDL-C goal (83% vs 55% in Period A and 43% in Period B; p<0.001) and reduced incidence of MACE (3% vs 12% and 11%; p=0.026). MACE rates were lowest in patients with early and sustained LDL-C <55 mg/dL and in those achieving both LDL-C <55 mg/dL and ≥50% LDL-C reduction. The systematic introduction of a personalized, SES strategy for LLT in patients with acute MI led to greater achievement of LDL-C goal and lower risk of MACE at one year vs the stepwise approach.

Investigating the relationship between goal orientation, self-efficacy, positive emotionality, and affective engagement among Chinese students.

This study delved into the complex interplay between self-efficacy, achievement goals, positive emotions, and affective engagement among university students in China. To achieve this, a stratified random sampling technique was employed, resulting in a sample of 391 students from four geographically distinct universities across China. The data collection relied on self-reported questionnaires that measured academic self-efficacy, goal orientation (specifically focusing on mastery versus performance goals), positive emotions, and various aspects of affective engagement, including enjoyment, satisfaction, and interest in learning. Structural equation modeling (SEM) served as the primary statistical tool to analyze the hypothesized relationships between these variables. The analysis revealed a network of positive associations, indicating that students with higher levels of self-efficacy and positive emotionality reported experiencing greater affective engagement in their academic pursuits. Furthermore, a stronger mastery goal orientation was associated with increased enjoyment, satisfaction, and interest in learning. Self-efficacy and positive emotionality also indirectly influenced affective engagement through goal orientation, suggesting that students with higher self-belief and positive emotions were more likely to adopt mastery goals, leading to more positive learning experiences. This study highlights the importance of self-efficacy, positive emotionality, and goal orientation in shaping students' affective engagement. By fostering these factors, educators can create more positive and engaging learning environments for university students.

Quality Education: Practicality of the 3CEL Learning Model to Improve the Tpack of Preservice Chemistry Teachers For SDGs

Objective: This research aims to analyze the practicality of the 3CEL (cretive collaborative with critical experience) learning model in improving the TPACK of preservice chemistry teacher students. Theoretical Framework: This research refers to the concepts of TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge), 3CEL learning model, sustainable development goals (SDGs), constructivism in learning, TPK (Technological Pedagogical Knowledge), chemistry education theories, technology integration in education, professional development in teacher education, active learning and student-centred approaches, and blended learning. Method: This study is part of the research on developing the 3CEL learning model to improve the TPACK of prospective chemistry teacher students. This study reviews the practicality of the 3CEL learning model from the implementation aspect and the activities of preservice chemistry teachers during the implementation of the 3CEL learning model. Results and Discussion: The research results show that the five stages of the 3CEL learning model, namely orientation, collaborative planning, presenting, simulation, and critical experience-based reflection can be implemented correctly and reliably, and there are no obstacles that cannot be overcome. In general, student activities relevant to the 3CEL learning model have increased at each meeting. Research Implications: The practical achievements of the 3CEL learning model can be a new parameter in improving the quality of education and have great potential to support the achievement of various SDG goals, especially in the context of quality education (SDG 4). By mastering the integration between technology, pedagogy, and content, teachers can teach students more effectively while introducing global issues and sustainability. Originality/Value: This study is expected to provide practical solutions for preservice chemistry teachers in developing their TPACK competencies, so that they can become more prepared and competent teachers. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more effective learning models in the context of chemistry education. This study can provide new insights into practical approaches in developing TPACK competencies, which can be applied in various other educational contexts.

The intelligent brain and the energy heart: Synergistic evolution of artificial intelligence and energy storage technology in China.

In the context of China's ongoing industrial revolution and technological transformation, there is a growing demand for advanced energy management solutions and the increasing role of artificial intelligence in various industries. This paper aims to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) and Energy Storage Technology (EST) interact and co-evolve. Utilizing a full-sample Granger causality test, we identified significant interactions between AI and EST. Afterwards, we further revealed their dynamic influence relationship using advanced sub-sampling techniques. Quantitative analysis indicates that AI positively influences EST by optimizing energy management systems, with an improvement of 15% in efficiency, and by enhancing the intelligence level of energy storage. However, there are also negative effects, such as a 10% increase in operational risks due to over-reliance on AI. Similarly, EST facilitates the development of AI by providing a stable energy supply. AI and EST, like the intelligent brain and the energy heart, require mutual dependence for stable development. In context of the industrial revolution and technical advancement, this study provides meaningful recommendations. Strengthening technological research and innovation support, optimizing energy policies, and enhancing standardization will promote the deep integration and synergistic development of AI and EST. This will provide significant impetus for China's technological advancement and economic development, aiding in the achievement of sustainable development goals.

BHSeP5 Implementing a pre-optimisation pathway in a tertiary hernia centre

Abstract Incisional hernias can affect up to 20% of patients after midline laparotomy. Those at higher risk include patients with obesity, a smoking history, and poor glycaemic control. These individuals often experience poorer outcomes in elective hernia repair. Pre-optimizing these patients can decrease the risk of post-operative complications and hernia recurrence. This paper examines the benefits of a pre-optimization pathway for patients with complex abdominal wall hernias requiring repair. Recognizing the importance of pre-optimization, each patient was assessed for modifiable risk factors at their initial consultation, focusing on diabetes, smoking, and weight. Targets were established collaboratively between patient and clinician, aiming for weight loss, good diabetic control, smoking cessation, or a combination of these. Patients were then enrolled in a pre-optimization program, which included tri-monthly telephone clinics with an advanced clinical practitioner. Resources were provided to support goal achievement, such as healthy lifestyle advice, exercise and diet guidance, and referrals to specialists like weight management services or diabetic teams. Over the past year, 49 patients were enrolled in the pre-optimization program: 8 for smoking cessation, 45 for weight loss, and 13 for diabetes control, with some patients needing multiple interventions. During the same period, 42 patients underwent surgery; 22 required pre-optimization—19 for weight loss, 2 for diabetes control, and 6 for smoking cessation, some needing a combination of interventions. The majority of patients undergoing incisional hernia repair will need some form of pre-optimisation. Close follow-up increases the likelihood of patients achieving pre-surgery goals, thus reducing the risk of post-operative complications.

Use of climate smart agriculture technologies in West Africa peri-urban Sahel in Niger

Climate change affects peri-urban agricultural systems. However, most studies on Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) often focused on climate-smart villages in the Sahel region. This study investigated peri-urban farming systems in West African Sahel cities. Globally, agricultural productivity improvement requires applying technologies and resource access, particularly in dry-season farming. The achievements of Sustainable Development Goals 1, 2, 8, 12 and 13 in developing countries rely on utilising Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies (CSAT) to address climate change, youth unemployment and food insecurity. The study employed a mixed-method research design, employing field and household surveys of 142 peri-urban smallholder farmers, key informants and desktop-based research in collecting data. The results showed that biopesticides/crop and pest management are the most used CSAT in dry-season farming (p = .002). These technologies eradicate pests and disease outbreaks of crops, vegetables and farm animals. The other technologies included fertilizer micro-dose, organic manure and compost application, flood-tolerant improved varieties, irrigation based on green energy, tele-irrigation, early maturing varieties and planting pits. These technologies were ranked 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th respectively, using mean weighted values. The study underpins local climate change trends and assessment, together with the availability, opportunities and implicit implications of scaling up CSAT. The study also recommends including peri-urban agriculture in climate and land use planning policy, programmes and projects in Niamey city.

The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality on Students' Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in Geography

This study examines the effect of using Augmented Reality (AR) on improving students' higher-order thinking Skills (HOTS) in the Solar System material at a high school in Surabaya. HOTS includes critical thinking, problem-solving, and logical reasoning skills essential in 21st-century learning. The study uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Tenth-grade students were selected through purposive sampling and were given multiple-choice tests before and after the AR-based learning intervention to measure their improvement in HOTS. The results show a significant increase in students' HOTS, with an N-gain score of 0.58, which falls into the moderate category. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores, indicating that AR effectively enhances students' ability to analyze, solve problems, and express their thoughts more clearly and systematically. These findings imply that the application of AR in learning can support an outcome-based education approach. Integrating AR into the curriculum is expected to improve the quality of learning, support the achievement of educational goals, and develop students' critical thinking skills for their future.

Research on the Risk Management of Commercial Bank Green Bonds under the "Dual Carbon" Goals

Against the backdrop of the "carbon neutrality and carbon peak" dual carbon goals, as mentioned in relevant studies, the importance of green bonds to the sustainable development of commercial banks has become increasingly prominent and has become a key financial means to promote their green development. This is an important feature of the green finance field at the current stage of development. However, there are certain risks in using green bonds as a green financial tool at present, and these risks may stem from various factors such as market uncertainty and project complexity. Therefore, research on the risk management of commercial bank green bonds is not only an inevitable choice for commercial banks to achieve sustainable development but also a key link in ensuring China's social and economic development. The research results will have a profound impact on the financial industry and the overall economic situation. The proposal of the dual carbon goals has not only provided new opportunities for the development of green bonds, such as attracting more social capital to invest in green projects, but also provided a new direction for the risk management of commercial banks, prompting banks to shift from traditional risk assessment to comprehensive risk management that combines environmental and social factors. This paper aims to analyze the new development opportunities for commercial banks under the dual carbon goals, explore the significance of commercial bank-issued green bonds in promoting the achievement of the dual carbon goals, as well as their mutual effects, and elaborate on the specific paths through which green bonds empower the risk management of commercial banks. Meanwhile, this paper will put forward relevant development suggestions for commercial bank risk management, with the expectation of providing references for commercial banks to build exchange rate risk management systems.

Life With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: Challenges and Burdens.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive genetic condition requiring daily medication(s) and attention to details. In addition to daily medications and regular visits with healthcare providers, families may live with perpetual angst regarding unpredictable occurrences of acute adrenal insufficiency. Despite numerous barriers and challenges imposed by this chronic condition, caregivers and healthcare professionals can empower our patients to achieve a good quality of life. CAH is a global condition for which access to health care widely varies depending on local resources. Major treatment aims include good health, good quality of life, and achievement of personal goals for affected persons. To achieve these aims, patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals interact to promote health maintenance and encourage positive outcomes for individuals with CAH. This article describes aspects of daily living with CAH through the perspective of 1 family and their healthcare team living in the United States. A young adult patient, nurse educator, and physicians provide their perspectives regarding patient health care, general well-being, and safety emphasizing that patients with CAH can thrive. Nevertheless, remembering and recognizing that many individuals with CAH live in areas with limited resources and enduring sociocultural barriers is essential. With access to knowledgeable healthcare providers, sufficient resources, and psychosocial support, "children with CAH can thrive and live normal lives." The future challenge is securing mechanisms to decrease the financial, sociocultural, and health access barriers in other communities throughout the world.

Evaluation Model of Sustainable Development Planning in Regional Policy Implementation and Local Government Administration

Evaluation Model of Sustainable Development Planning in Regional Policy Implementation and Local Government Administration. This study's primary focus is the significant discrepancy between the planning and execution of development initiatives in the fields of education, health, and the environment. The method used was a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with various stakeholders, including government officials and community leaders. The results showed that low inter-organization Regional Apparatus (OPD) coordination and minimal community participation hindered the success of development programs. Furthermore, performance metrics are not achieved evenly due to a mismatch between the budgeting and planning documents. This study suggests a more flexible and empirically supported strategy for evaluating development planning incorporating improved data management, community involvement in Musrenbang, and OPD performance analysis. The establishment of a Regional Development Evaluation Team (TEPD) is also recommended to conduct periodic evaluations. It is expected that with the application of this model, the effectiveness of development in Dairi Regency can increase, and support the achievement of sustainable development goals optimally.

Development of Religious Education in Junior High Schools for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): a Study in Surakarta

Objective: This study aims to analyze the development pattern of religious education in elite junior high schools in Surakarta, especially in Al Azhar Syifa Budi Junior High School and Muhammadiyah PK Kota Barat Junior High School, to support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Theoretical framework: This study is motivated by the emergence of Islamic flagship schools that aim to answer challenges to the quality of Islamic education and integrate the values of faith and piety (Imtak) with science and technology (Science and Technology). The role of Islamic elite schools is seen as strategic in bridging the gap between traditional Islamic education which is often considered spiritualistic and the needs of modern science-based education. Methods: This study uses an integrated theoretical framework between religious education and sustainable development, where Islamic elite schools can be the driving force for the development of a generation that is not only oriented toward the world but also the hereafter. The methods used include in-depth interviews, observation of the implementation of religious programs, and documentation. The data is analyzed interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn, by ensuring the validity of the data through triangulation of sources, techniques, and time. Results: The results of the study show that the two schools implement a pattern of religious education that is integrated with the national curriculum through excellent programs such as memorization of the Qur'an, thematic-based Islamic studies, and social activities that are relevant to the values of the SDGs, such as social inclusion and environmental concern. These programs not only improve students' religious understanding but also shape their character as a generation that is aware of social and environmental responsibility. Implications: The implications of this study show that the pattern of religious education development in elite schools can create a model of Islamic education that is competitive and relevant to the demands of the times. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the direct integration of Islamic religious education with the SDGs, providing a new approach to support sustainable development through faith-based educational institutions. This research is expected to be a reference for education policies in building a school model that is not only academically superior but also makes a real contribution to sustainable community development.

Translating social sustainability goals into performance measurement practices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the development and use of social sustainability performance measurement practices at the city level. This purpose is achieved by addressing the following research question: How do city actors translate social sustainability strategies into performance measurement practices?Design/methodology/approachAn extensive ethnographic study was conducted with a focus on how social sustainability – as defined in the vision and related strategies of the Swedish city of Gothenburg – was translated into performance measurement practices and how performance indicators and assessment tools were transformed over time in the pursuit of social sustainability goals. Findings were interpreted through the lens of Actor Network Theory concept of translation.FindingsFindings reveal how, through a chain of translations, social sustainability and related performance indicators and other assessment tools evolve over time. Social sustainability deviated from the original politically decided definition, as stated in the strategy, because it was transformed by the human and nonhuman actors engaged with it. Social sustainability performance measurement practices lost relevance as internal steering tools and became a means for gaining external legitimacy.Practical implicationsPerformance measurement and assessment tools initially intended to monitor the achievement of social sustainability goals lose their meaningfulness when their main use becomes a formal accomplishment rather than an opportunity for improvement.Originality/valueThis paper highlights how translations which destabilize social sustainability can affect the city management and influence the overarching social sustainability aims of the whole city. The presence of many actors gives room to “theoretical” and “practical” translations which deviate the course of actions.

Inadequate awareness and attention to non-HDL cholesterol: undertreatment of high-risk patients in cardiology practice in Turkey.

The relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is well-established. Recently, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has been validated as a superior predictor of ASCVD, especially in individuals with mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. The EPHESUS study evaluated real-life hypercholesterolemia management and awareness of non-HDL-C in cardiology outpatient practices. Data from 1868 patients with ASCVD or high-risk primary prevention were analyzed to assess cholesterol goal attainment, statin adherence, and physician perceptions. This analysis focused on awareness of non-HDL-C as an ASCVD predictor, adherence to lipid-lowering therapy, and clinicians' perceptions. Associations between patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and statin adherence were examined. Among patients, 20.2% achieved non-HDL-C and 16.5% achieved LDL-C goals. In primary prevention, 18.1% reached non-HDL-C and 10.6% reached LDL-C goals, while in secondary prevention, 20.8% and 18.0% met these goals. High-intensity statin therapy was observed in 21.2% of patients, with 30.3% and 24.3% achieving non-HDL-C and LDL-C targets, respectively. Statin use was lower in women than men (54.0% vs 66.9%, P < 0.001). Women less frequently achieved non-HDL-C and LDL-C goals in both prevention groups. Non-HDL-C goal attainment remains suboptimal in both primary and secondary prevention of hypercholesterolemia, particularly in women who had lower statin use and goal achievement. These findings highlight the need for improved awareness, education, and treatment strategies to reduce residual cardiovascular risk and improve outcomes.

The Dynamics of Criminal Law Enforcement in Indonesia: An Analysis of Recent Cases in the Last Two Years and Their Contribution to the Achievement of the SDGs

Objective: Law enforcement in Indonesia regarding criminal cases involving children as victims aims to strengthen the rule of law and improve infrastructure such as the police, prosecutors, and courts. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified through Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning child protection, ensures that children are protected from all forms of violence, a fundamental right. The specific target of SDG 16 in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which focuses on ending all forms of violence against children, provides a renewed push towards realizing every child's right to live free from fear, neglect, abuse, and exploitation. This study aims to provide an overview of qualitative research on criminal cases involving children as victims in Indonesia. Theoretical Framework: This research adopts a theoretical approach that includes Law Enforcement Theory, the Concept of Restorative Justice, and the SDGs Framework. These frameworks connect legal norms, social behavior, and child protection, which interact to prevent children from being stigmatized by legal proceedings and to reduce violence, improve access to justice, and enhance the effectiveness of legal institutions. Method: This study employs a normative juridical approach, analyzing laws, doctrines, and practices concerning the implementation of Restorative Justice principles within Indonesia's juvenile criminal justice system. The data is analyzed qualitatively to provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics of criminal law enforcement and its connection to the Sustainable Development Goals. Results and Discussion: This study demonstrates that the reform of Indonesia's juvenile criminal justice system, which incorporates the principles of Restorative Justice, holds significant potential to advance the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG Goal 16 on Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions. For the Restorative Justice-based reform of the juvenile criminal justice system to effectively contribute to the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals, it requires unwavering commitment from the government and all stakeholders to address the current challenges and continually strengthen the legal and institutional frameworks that support this reform. Research Implications: Law enforcement in cases involving children as both offenders and victims must adhere to child-friendly justice principles that ensure the protection of children's rights. The findings of this study can promote the enhancement of the juvenile criminal justice system, including the establishment of specialized courts for children, the provision of legal assistance services, and the application of humane treatment in accordance with the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law. Originality/Value: This study focuses on child victims within the criminal justice system, a group often overlooked in academic and policy debates. By concentrating on this issue, the research examines how the law addresses child victims in various situations, including sexual violence, human trafficking, exploitation, and domestic abuse.

Quadruple Helix Collaboration in Improving Competitive Advantage to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Based on Critical Success Factors in MSMES

Quadruple Helix Collaboration in Improving Competitive Advantage to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Based on Critical Success Factors in MSMES

The Application of Business Intelligence in Human Resources in the 21st Century

The management of human resources is one of the most critical aspects of any company's strategy, as it significantly influences the achievement of organizational goals. Modern human resource managers are increasingly utilizing advanced information technology tools and data analysis techniques to better understand the relationships between employees and organizational outcomes. This article explores the integration of Business Intelligence (BI) into the implementation of HR strategies, highlighting its benefits and the key performance indicators (KPIs) that enable the measurement and evaluation of these strategies. A systematic literature review methodology was employed, focusing on high-quality studies published in reputable journals and conferences indexed in databases such as ResearchGate and ScienceDirect. This rigorous approach ensured the inclusion of relevant and reliable research, providing a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge and emerging themes in the application of BI in HR management. The findings aim to advance the theoretical and practical understanding of leveraging BI for strategic HR initiatives in the 21st century.

Impact of Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists on Pathophysiology of Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in pediatric patients is a common cause of isolated thrombocytopenia. Various pathophysiological mechanisms are implicated in ITP pathogenesis, including the production of autoantibodies against components of platelets (PLTs) by B-cells, the activation of the complement system, phagocytosis by macrophages mediated by Fcγ receptors, the dysregulation of T cells, and reduced bone marrow megakaryopoiesis. ITP is commonly manifested with skin and mucosal bleeding, and it is a diagnosis of exclusion. In some ITP cases, the disease is self-limiting, and treatment is not required, but chronic-persistent disease can also be developed. In these cases, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab and thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists, can be used. TPO agonists have become standard of care today. It has been reported in the published literature that the efficacy of TPO-RAs can be up to 80% in the achievement of several end goals, such as PLT counts. In the current literature review, the data regarding the impact of TPO agonists in the pathogenesis of ITP and treatment outcomes of the patients are examined. In the era of precision medicine, targeted and individualized therapies are crucial to achieving better outcomes for pediatric patients with ITP, especially when chronic refractory disease is developed.

Determinants of Internal Auditor Effectiveness and Its Impact to the Quality of Financial Reporting in Supporting Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at Religious Universities in Indonesia

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of personality, competence, objectivity, and performance on the effectiveness of internal auditors, and their impact on the quality of financial reporting in supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative method where data were collected by circulating questionnaires to 84 state religious universities in Indonesia with a sample of 299 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using the Partial Least Square-Path Modeling (PLS-PM) approach. Results and Discussion: The results of the study prove that there is a positive and significant effect of personality, competence, objectivity and work performance on the effectiveness of internal auditors, personality is an intangible resource that can improve the function of the internal auditor framework, competent, skilled and experienced auditors can improve their audit performance and efficiency. The role of internal auditors in higher education that has been carried out so far is only as a verifier, reviewing budget absorption, reviewing the implementation of faculty and institutional activities, and has not conducted a comprehensive audit of financial statements as carried out by the inspectorate of the ministry of religion and the Supreme Audit Agency so that the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) cannot be maximized. Research Implications: This research is a development of knowledge that is expected to contribute to the development of Internal Audit science, especially in the public sector in this case the internal control unit of religious universities in Indonesia. Originality/Value: Personality variables are a development of Al-Bawwat at al's research (2021) where in previous researchers, Openness to experience, emotional stability, conscientiousness and extraversion became a variable while in this study each became an indicator, added with two other indicators, namely perseverance and trust (Sharma, 2018); Cherry &amp; Susman (2023).