Work Accidents Research Articles

Analysis of Occupational Safety and Health at Oil Plus Filling Station Installations: Literature Review

Background: Public Fuel Filling Station Installation which is an installation for distributing fuel oil into motor vehicle fuel tanks, with a significant risk of danger. The number of work accidents that occur at fuel filling stations continues to increase from 2018-2020. Program Safety and health need to be pursued to protect workers from the possibility of accidents and work-related diseases. Objective: This research aims to determine potential dangers and prevent accidents and occupational diseases among fuel station workers. Method: This research uses the "PRISMA" literature review method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidances and The data source for this research comes from literature search results on the internet from databases from Science Direct and ResearchGate. Using keywords “Occupational health and safety for fuel filling installation workers” “Occupational health and safety for Hydrogen and Gas Refuelling Station” “Occupational health and safety for Electrical Vehicle” published in the last five years, from 2019 to 2024, which are indexed Q1, Q2 and Q3. Results: As many 5,657 journals were found, but 10 journals were selected that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Potential dangers that threaten fuel station workers include: physical factors namely physical fatigue and noise and hearing problems. Chemical factors namely toxic gasses, dangerous liquids and BTEX gas (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, o-xylene, dan m-xylene). Physiological factors, psychological fatigue and quality of work life. Safety climate as an effort to prevent accidents and work-related illnesses by implementing management safety priority and ability, management safety empowerment and management safety justice. Conclusion: Potential dangers that threaten fuel station workers are: physical factor, chemical factor and psychological factor. Safety climate by implementing safety management priorities and capabilities, management safety empowerment, and management safety justice, as well as compliance with occupational safety and health regulations such as the use of personal protective equipment to reduce the risk of danger and thus reduce the occurrence of work accidents.

Work Accident Risk Analysis Using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Method at PT. XYZ

In the production process, the interaction between humans and machines is closely related. From this the higher the risk of accidents along with the higher workload. This study aims to identify the risk of accidents that may arise during the work in progress. In addition, to identify actions that can be taken to reduce these risks. This type of descriptive qualitative research was conducted to assess the risk of work accidents at PT. XYZ. The data used in this study is primary data obtained through interviews using a questionnaire on one of the workers of PT. XYZ. The data were analyzed using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method to find the RPN and critical values ​​to find priority risks for action. The results obtained are that there are 4 work objects on the machine being analyzed, namely the stamping machine, lathe, welding machine, and milling machine. Based on the RPN value, it was obtained a value of 264 for a cut hand, 357 for a hand hit by a craft, 148 for a hand exposed to a welding spark, and 371 for a hand-carried by a machine. Based on the highest critical value, a stamping machine was obtained with a value of 66. The suggestion given to anticipate the occurrence of work accidents is by affirming SOPs in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), as well as workers' understanding of the risks of work accidents and their impacts.

The Duties of Sangging in the Implementation of the Hindu Religious Ceremony of Manusa Yadnya Metatah Mass in Bali: A Study of Occupational Health Science

Occupational Health and Safety (K3) is our effort to create a healthy and safe working environment, so that it can reduce the probability of work accidents / diseases due to negligence that result in demotivation and deficiencies in work productivity. According to the Basic Health Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 9 of 1960 Chapter I Article II, Occupational Health is a health condition that aims for workers to obtain the highest level of health, both physical, spiritual and social, with prevention and treatment efforts for diseases or health disorders caused by work and the work environment or general diseases. in all work activities in human social and religious life such as research on mass metatah ceremonies that are often carried out by Hindus in Bali, in this case the position of the sangging is the key in this metatah ceremony. Sangging is a person who is tasked with cutting teeth during the metatah ceremony. The duties of the sangging in carrying out metatah are to sharpen the two canine teeth and four incisors in the upper jaw with a file. Providing toothpaste made from turmeric, betel lime and sandalwood rubbing. Following up on the Yama Pati Tatwa palm leaf, a sangging needs to understand the structure of tooth tissue and occupational health science to maintain the sanctity of the ceremony. The metatah ceremony or 'mepandes', 'mesangih' or 'metah ceremony' (Balinese) is a Hindu religious ceremony that must be carried out by all Hindus in Bali. The metatah ceremony contains meaning for life, namely changing behavior to become a true human being who can control himself from the temptation of lust, and fulfilling the obligations of parents to children in order to find the true nature of humanity. This study aims to analyze the nature of the implementation of the mass metatah ceremony in Bali Province in the study of occupational health science. The research design uses a case study based on its type, namely an explanatory case study, which focuses on the mass metatah ceremony. Data is analyzed descriptively and carefully until complete. The results of the study indicate that: 1) occupational health knowledge for the sangging in the mass metatah ceremony has the nature to achieve the maximum goal of the yadnya metatah ceremony, namely suppressing bad thoughts, words, and behavior by controlling themselves from the temptation of lust; 2) the process of implementing the metatah ceremony carried out by a sangging is done by filing both canine teeth and four jaw incisors. However, the process is carried out carefully according to health science and the impact of mass metatah, namely social, psychological, health and economic impacts. The implications of the research results, namely the implementation of the 'manusia yadnya' metatah must be carried out carefully by paying attention to health risks when the metatah ceremony is carried out, internence and application of occupational health science need to be carried out so that religious ceremonies become pure physically and mentally according to the purpose of the metatah ceremony.

Textile Fabric Defect Detection Using Enhanced Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Safe Human–Robot Collaborative Interaction

The emergence of modern robotic technology and artificial intelligence (AI) enables a transformation in the textile sector. Manual fabric defect inspection is time-consuming, error-prone, and labor-intensive. This offers a great possibility for applying more AI-trained automated processes with safe human–robot interaction (HRI) to reduce risks of work accidents and occupational illnesses and enhance the environmental sustainability of the processes. In this experimental study, we developed, implemented, and tested a novel algorithm that detects fabric defects by utilizing enhanced deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). The proposed method integrates advanced DCNN architectures to automatically classify and detect 13 different types of fabric defects, such as double-ends, holes, broken ends, etc., ensuring high accuracy and efficiency in the inspection process. The dataset is created through augmentation techniques and a model is fine-tuned on a large dataset of annotated images using transfer learning approaches. The experiment was performed using an anthropomorphic robot that was programmed to move above the fabric. The camera attached to the robot detected defects in the fabric and triggered an alarm. A photoelectric sensor was installed on the conveyor belt and linked to the robot to notify it about an impending fabric. The CNN model architecture was enhanced to increase performance. Experimental findings show that the presented system can detect fabric defects with a 97.49% mean Average Precision (mAP).

Civil Law in the Context of Inheritance: Drafting a Validand Functioning Will

This study aims to analyze the legal responsibility of business owners in the case of work accidents and the implications of existing regulations on worker protection. Using a normative juridical approach, this study identifies and analyzes the legal provisions that govern the responsibilities of business owners based on applicable legislation, including the Manpower Law and related government regulations. Data was collected through literature studies that included legal literature, official documents, and analysis of court decisions relevant to work accident cases. The results of the study show that business owners have a significant responsibility in maintaining occupational safety, where a good understanding of regulations and the implementation of safety policies greatly affects the compliance of business owners. The study also identified that there are obstacles for business owners, especially small-scale ones, in meeting their legal obligations related to occupational safety. Therefore, this study recommends increased socialization regarding occupational safety regulations, as well as support for business owners to better understand and fulfill their legal obligations. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to the development of labor laws that are more responsive and effective in protecting workers' rights, as well as creating a safer work environment

Injury risk in foreign workers: a proposal for a prevention plan in South Tuscany

Abstract Background There are nearly 2.3 million foreign workers in Italy, many of whom hold low-skilled and heavy jobs that expose them to greater safety risks. The aim of the study is to analyze data on the accident phenomenon by using information flows from the national work accident insurance institute, in order to ensure a safe and inclusive work environment. Methods The total number of foreign workers’ accidents in the South Tuscany during the five-year period 2017-2021 was quantified. General injury trend was assessed, breaking down the events by province (Siena, Arezzo, Grosseto), year of occurrence and severity. We analyzed the events by nationality of the injured ones and by severity of compartment. Results A total of 38,254 occupational accidents were recorded, of which 6,172 (16.13%) occurred to foreign workers. Compared to the incidence of foreigners residing in the reference territory, the accident figure is 16.13% out of the 10.5% resident population. The majority involve people from Eastern Europe (60.8%). The most representative nationalities are: Romania (1,477 events), Albania (1,022), Morocco (404), Macedonia (341), Kosovo (264), Tunisia (190) and India (170). Romanian workers are the population most affected by occupational injuries in Southeast Tuscany with 1,477 events. Agriculture is the predominant sector with 17.7% of total injuries. Conclusions Information flows on foreign workers’ accidents is the starting point for specific design of prevention plans (supervision, assistance, research, information and training, awareness raising) aimed at reducing specific accident risk factors. Language and cultural differences represent an element of possible conditioning of risk perception, which must be considered in an effective design of safety training courses for foreigners. Key messages • The study of accident information flows of foreign workers provides the basis for specific design of prevention plans in order to reduce accident risk factors. • Language and cultural differences must be considered in an effective design of safety training courses for foreigners.

Edukasi Fisioterapi Terhadap Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Pada Pengrajin Anyam Bambu di Desa Winong Trenggalek

Bamboo crafts are works of art that have many benefits, such as musical instruments and household utensils. One way to make bamboo crafts is by weaving. The largest craft industry in the city of Trenggalek is the bamboo weaving industry. There are many health problems and work accidents in bamboo weavers such as complaints of low back pain, CTS or work accidents such as cuts, stabs, etc. The purpose of this physiotherapy education is to increase the understanding and knowledge of bamboo weaving craftsmen in order to avoid or resolve problems with the health and safety of workers. This activity shows results, namely that bamboo weaving craftsmen can understand the material well after being evaluated with a pre-test and post-test.

The Correlation Between Adherence to Personal Protective Equipment and Incidents Involving Construction Workers at the Bali Hospital Project

Work accidents are unwanted events that harm people, cause damage to property, and work processes. In the construction sector, the work accident rate in Indonesia reaches 32%. This research aims to determine the relationship between compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with the incidence of work accidents in construction sector workers at Bali International Hospital Sanur managed by PT PP (Persero) Tbk. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The research population was all construction workers in the Bali International Hospital Sanur project as many as 286 people, with random sampling techniques. The instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire, and data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Chi-square test. The results showed a relationship between the use of safety helmets and the incidence of occupational accidents in construction workers at Bali International Hospital Sanur by PT PP (Persero) Tbk (p = 0.11). The implication of this research is the importance of compliance with the use of PPE in preventing work accidents in the construction sector.

Application of Safety Procedure As Efforts To Prevent Work Accidents In MT. Serang Jaya Engine Room

Safety Procedure is a formal written safety procedure and contains procedures, identification and obligations to carry it out while working. Not optimal due to lack of understanding of Safety Procedures that pose a risk of work accidents. This study aims to determine the causes and impacts of the non-optimal implementation of Safety Procedures and efforts so that the Safety Procedure can run optimally so as to prevent work accidents in the engine room. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive pattern. Research data sources are obtained from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques through observation, literature study, interviews and documentation during the time researchers carried out marine practices on the MT ship. Serang Jaya. The data analysis techniques used are by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions or verifying data which is also supported by fishbone analysis. Testing the validity of data using the tringulation method. The results stated that the factors of not optimal Safety Procedure due to lack of crew understanding of Safety Procedure, and crew concern for safety as well as lack of supervision and coordination between crew and management are the reasons why Safety Procedure cannot run optimally. The impact of not optimal Safety Procedure is the high risk of work accidents, hampering ship operations, harming the ship or the parties concerned. Efforts that can be made to optimize this are by carrying out Safety meeting activities, Toolbox Meeting, Drill, installing Safety Signs. And always provide counseling related to Safety Procedure in the engine room.

Design Of Safety Signs Using Ergonomic Function Deployment Method At PT.XYZ

PT. XYZ is a company engaged in manufacturing by processing raw materials into semi-finishedgoods or finished goods. Because the company routinely produces these products and involvesmachinery, it will allow small to serious work accidents to occur. Based on the hazard event dataowned by the company, there are 5 very diverse events that will be analyzed in the risk controlhierarchy to minimize hazard events. The results of the risk control hierarchy analysis have two hazardevents that have safety sign design criteria. Therefore, research was conducted to design safety signsin the area of explosive materials and loading progress in minimizing hazard events using safety signsassessment and Ergonomic Function Deployment approaches. The data needed in the design areanthropometric data, layout data, customer statements and level questionnaires interest andsatisfaction. From the results of the safe sign assessment, the signal word is obtained, determining thelocation, height, model, and material of the safety signs. The results of the safety signs assessmentwill be used for the Ergonomic Function Deployment approach. From the results of the ErgonomicFunction Deployment, the results obtained are the size of safety signs, safe reading distance, type oflayout, use of language and font size on safety signs. There are two types of designs, namely explosivematerial and loading progress safety signs. The design of safety signs refers to the ANSI Z535standard so that the design of safety signs has detailed signal words, symbols, signs, and wordmessages.

Application of 360 Camera Technology and Excavator Operator Workload at a Nickel Ore Mine and Its Implication for Work Accident Rates Using the Nasa-TLX Method

Indonesia, as one of the largest nickel producers in the world, has around 90% of nickel reserves spread across various regions, such as Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, and North Maluku. Even though demand for nickel continues to increase, a severe problem that needs attention is the rate of work accidents in mining fields. Most heavy equipment accidents that occur are caused by operator negligence while operating. This negligence can occur when operators are in a hurry, make mistakes while using heavy equipment, or do not have proper work time management. This research aims to analyze the impact of 360-degree camera technology on excavator operators in nickel ore mines on work accident rates and operator workload. The case study was carried out at PT Rifky and Raisha Anursyah using the NASA-TLX method to measure workload. In contrast, the number of accidents that occurred to each operator within one month was used to measure work accidents. The 360 camera technology provides a comprehensive view of the work environment, allowing operators to monitor the surrounding area better and reduce blind spots. The research results show that applying this technology can reduce the risk of work accidents and increase the work efficiency of excavator operators. With better monitoring, operators can identify potential hazards earlier and reduce the risk of accidents. Workload evaluation using NASA-TLX shows a decrease in operator workload after implementing 360 camera technology. This research provides strategic recommendations for workload management and implementing safety technology in the mining industry.

Analytical Hierarchy Process for Construction Safety Management and Resource Allocation

The construction industry plays a crucial role in contributing to the economy and developing sustainable infrastructures. However, it is known as one of the most dangerous industrial domains. Over the years, special attention has been paid to developing models for managing and planning construction safety. Many research studies have been carried out to analyze the root causes of fatal accidents in construction sites to develop models for preventing them and mitigating their consequences. Root cause identification and analysis are essential for effective risk mitigation. However, implementing mitigation activities is usually limited to the project’s safety budget. The construction sector suffers from a lack of allocation of appropriate safety resources triggered by a dynamic and complex project environment. This study aims to address the gap in safety resource allocation through a comprehensive root cause analysis of construction work accidents. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of work accident-related research, categorized according to the 5M model into five root factors: medium, mission, man, management, and machinery. A novel methodology for construction safety resource allocation is proposed to mitigate risks analyzed by the 5M model with the aid of advanced technological solutions. Safety resource allocation alternatives are formulated, and their priorities are established based on an analysis of structured criteria that integrate both risk and cost considerations. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to select the optimal alternative for safety resource allocation, with the objective of effective risk mitigation. The proposed model underwent validation through two different case studies. The findings indicate that risk aversion is a critical factor in the optimal allocation of safety resources. Furthermore, the results suggest that regulatory measures should prioritize the stimulation of risk motivation in the safety decision-making processes of construction firms.

Occupational health and safety among farmers: a comprehensive study in Central Anatolia, Turkey

BackgroundThe agricultural sector is vital for food production, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. However, it also poses significant occupational health and safety challenges due to factors such as heavy machinery usage, exposure to chemicals, and challenging environmental conditions.MethodThis cross-sectional study involved 366 farmers affiliated with the Yozgat Chamber of Agriculture in Turkey. Data on demographic characteristics, occupational factors, and work accidents were collected with interview technique between May and August 2023. While descriptive data were expressed as categories with numbers and percentages, chi-square analysis was used to compare the obtained answers with the status of having or not having a work accident. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of independent variables on the probability of having a work accident.ResultsThe study revealed that 33.0% of farmers experienced work accidents in the last year. Most accidents occurred during work shifts (28.8%) and in the fall season (34.8%). Factors contributing to accidents included lack of personal protective equipment (51.5%) and transportation-related issues (36.4%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that working more than 8 h daily, working 5 days or more per week, and using bus/minibus transportation significantly increased the likelihood of experiencing work accidents.ConclusionFindings underscore the importance of implementing effective occupational health and safety measures, including proper training, provision of personal protective equipment, and improving transportation safety. Addressing these issues can enhance the well-being of agricultural workers and contribute to a safer working environment in the sector.

Analisis Risiko Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) dengan Menggunakan Metode Hiradc di Pabrik Tempe Kabupaten Pamekasan

The aim of this research is to create a work environment that is free from work accidents at the tempe factory in Pamekasan district, specifically at the Ibu Syifa tempe factory by applying the HIRADC method. This research uses qualitative methods with the type of field research. Data collection procedures were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. The results obtained from this research revealed that there were 20 identified hazards, with the results of the risk assessment namely that there were 9 risks categorized as low risk (L) with a value range (1-4), 9 risks categorized as medium risk (M) with a value range (5-9) and 2 more risks which are classified as high risk (H) with a value range of (10-16). Factors that cause work accidents are because workers are not careful in doing so, workers often lose concentration and rush to complete their work. With efforts, one of which is risk analysis using the HIRADC method, factories can reduce work accidents and this can support achieving targets while increasing productivity.

PREVENTION OF WORK ACCIDENTS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS: STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS

The construction industry represents a hazardous environment frequently associated with work-related accidents. This study concentrates on strategies and practices to diminish and prevent such occupational incidents. Preventing occupational accidents is paramount regarding workers' well-being, project efficiency, and cost management. Strategies and practices such as training, risk assessment, appropriate equipment utilization, collaboration, and inspection play pivotal roles in minimizing work-related accidents, emphasizing the effectiveness of integrating these measures. This study underscores ensuring worker safety in the construction sector remains an ongoing priority. Strategies and practices aimed at preventing work-related accidents are deemed critical for all stakeholders within the industry. They are considered crucial steps towards reducing work accidents and fostering a culture of occupational safety. Additionally, a survey conducted among approximately 600 workers across five different construction sites in Antalya aimed to explore the correlation between their knowledge levels in labor law, occupational health, safety, and work accidents. Findings indicated a necessity to augment workers' knowledge and awareness levels, suggesting that such improvements could lead to better self-protection of their health and safety, consequently reducing work-related accidents. In essence, the primary objective of this study is to offer recommendations for enhancing occupational health and safety standards within the construction sector. The literature review aims to assess measures to improve workers' health and safety and ascertain their practicability in the industry, thereby striving to harmonize legislation with practical applications.

Identifying High-Risk Patterns in Single-Vehicle, Single-Occupant Road Traffic Accidents: A Novel Pattern Recognition Approach

Despite various interventions in road safety work, fatal and severe road traffic accidents (RTAs) remain a significant challenge, leading to human suffering and economic costs. Understanding the multicausal nature of RTAs, where multiple conditions and factors interact, is crucial for developing effective prevention measures in road safety work. This study investigates the multivariate statistical analysis of co-occurring conditions in RTAs, focusing on single-vehicle accidents with single occupancy and personal injury on Austrian roads outside built-up areas from 2012 to 2019. The aim is to detect recurring combinations of accident-related variables, referred to as blackpatterns (BPs), using the Austrian RTA database. This study proposes Fisher’s exact test to estimate the relationship between an accident-related variable and fatal and severe RTAs (severe casualties). In terms of pattern recognition, this study develops the maximum combination value (MCV) of accident-related variables, a procedure to search through all possible combinations of variables to find the one that has the highest frequency. The accident investigation proceeds with the application of pattern recognition methods, including binomial logistic regression and a newly developed method, the PATTERMAX method, created to accurately detect and analyse variable-specific BPs in RTA data. Findings indicate significant BPs contributing to severe accidents. The combination of binomial logistic regression and the PATTERMAX method appears to be a promising approach to investigate severe accidents, providing both insights into detailed variable combinations and their impact on accident severity.

Perancangan Perancangan Sistem Trasmisi Mesin Pres Hidrolik Kapasitas 3 Ton Dengan Penggerak Motor listrik

Technological advances have encouraged improvements in the industrial sector in developing countries, including Indonesia. This is of course supported by several factors, including the use of modern equipment as a substitute for human labor. It can be said here that the more modern an industry is, the more machine power is used while the less human power is needed. As human needs become increasingly greater, the machine industry is currently also developing very rapidly. Developments in the industrial sector are marked by the creation of various types of machines that can assist human activities. The use of machines can help human activities or work to be more efficient in terms of completion time, as well as reducing the risk of work accidents. Currently, machines are used as tools that have high automation and precision. Therefore, many people use machines for everything, one of which is a pressing machine. A pressing machine is a tool made to compress or press an object, the power source can come from hydraulics, human power, electric motors and others. The aim of this final project is to design a transmission system for a 3 Ton Semi-Automatic Hydraulic Press Machine with an electric motor drive. It can increase the author's knowledge, insight and experience regarding planning a machine. Conclusion Ball bearings with type 6203 require an installation time of 1 minute 35 seconds and removal of 1 minute 32 seconds. Ball bearings of type 6305 receive a pressure of 400 psi to be installed on the shaft, and when released the pressure produced is the same, namely 400 psi to be able to leave the shaft. A type 6206 ball bearing with a shaft length of 77 mm takes 3 minutes 32 seconds to install, while the same shaft length takes 3 minutes 22 seconds to remove from the shaft.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Penggunaan APD terhadap Kecelakaan Kerja di PT. XY

Background: Work accidents caused by human actions that do not meet safety standards are referred to as unsafe human actions, such as not wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), working outside of procedures, working near moving or rotating machinery, fatigue, boredom, and so on. Meanwhile, accidents caused by unsafe environmental conditions are referred to as unsafe conditions, such as machines without safety features and the continued use of equipment that is no longer in good condition. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between knowledge and compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and workplace accidents at PT. XY. This research method employs an observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study, taken from the Track Department of the Plant, consists of 30 workers, and the sample is the total population of 30 workers. The instruments used in this data collection are questionnaires and observations for the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as well as documentation. The research results showed that the average knowledge was poor for 16 individuals, and the average compliance was lacking for 17 individuals. Based on the bivariate analysis using Chi-Square, it was found that there is a relationship between knowledge and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with a P value of 0.021, and there is a relationship between compliance in using PPE and workplace accidents with a P value of 0.042. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and compliance in using PPE concerning workplace accidents.

Analysis of Occupational Safety Risk Management in Crane Based Well Services Activities in Budi Field Oil Field

Crane Based Well Services (CBWS) is a new technology in oil well maintenance in the oil and gas world. Tately N.V. is one of the marginal oil and gas companies, has implemented several CBWS campaigns in their oil wells. This study examines how the analysis and management of occupational safety risks arising from these activities. In CBWS activities, there are several potential hazards in the stages of its activities, including the danger of gas coming out of the well, the danger of wild sprays, the danger of lifting tools failure, the danger of working at heights, the danger of high pressure release, the danger of pinch points, the danger of irregular material swings and the danger of crane legs collapsing. Activities with these potential hazards have a high to moderate risk of causing work accidents. To reduce the risk of accidents from CBWS activities, Tately N.V. has taken mitigation measures for each potential hazard identified. The results of the study showed that the mitigation measures were quite successful with a decrease in the risk assessment to light, so that activities can be carried out with the mitigation that has been carried out. This study shows that much simpler and more economical CBWS activities can be carried out safely and with zero accidents by implementing the recommended mitigation or prevention measures to reduce existing K3 risks.

The Influence of Safety Leadership and Working Condition on Safety Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the influence of safety leadership dan working condition on safety behavior. The methodology involved a comprehensive search and selection of peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 and 2023. This research succeeded in reviewing 14 studies originating from 10 different countries and having topics related to safety leadership, working conditions and safety behavior. The results also indicate that safety leadership and working condition have a significant influence on safety behavior, both directly and indirectly. The review also highlights the critical role of organizational support in mitigating work accident rate. The study concludes that addressing safety behavior through strategic interventions and leadership development to enhance safety leadership and working condition related program can prevent work accident. By recognizing and addressing these issues, it is hoped that management will gain a better and more comprehensive understanding of issues related to safety behavior to give organizational support in order to correctly determine safety programs.