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MDTR: a knowledge-guided interpretable representation for quantifying liver toxicity at transcriptomic level

IntroductionDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been investigated at the patient level. Analysis of gene perturbation at the cellular level can help better characterize biological mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. Despite accumulating drug-induced transcriptome data such as LINCS, analyzing such transcriptome data upon drug treatment is a challenging task because the perturbation of expression is dose and time dependent. In addition, the mechanisms of drug toxicity are known only as literature information, not in a computable form.MethodsTo address these challenges, we propose a Multi-Dimensional Transcriptomic Ruler (MDTR) that quantifies the degree of DILI at the transcriptome level. To translate transcriptome data to toxicity-related mechanisms, MDTR incorporates KEGG pathways as representatives of mechanisms, mapping transcriptome data to biological pathways and subsequently aggregating them for each of the five hepatotoxicity mechanisms. Given that a single mechanism involves multiple pathways, MDTR measures pathway-level perturbation by constructing a radial basis kernel-based toxicity space and measuring the Mahalanobis distance in the transcriptomic kernel space. Representing each mechanism as a dimension, MDTR is visualized in a radar chart, enabling an effective visual presentation of hepatotoxicity at transcriptomic level.Results and DiscussionIn experiments with the LINCS dataset, we show that MDTR outperforms existing methods for measuring the distance of transcriptome data when describing for dose-dependent drug perturbations. In addition, MDTR shows interpretability at the level of DILI mechanisms in terms of the distance, i.e., in a metric space. Furthermore, we provided a user-friendly and freely accessible website (http://biohealth.snu.ac.kr/software/MDTR), enabling users to easily measure DILI in drug-induced transcriptome data.

Real-Time Analysis of Sensitive Data Security in Manuscript Transition

Background: Cybersecurity requirements for ensuring data security during research manuscript transit on the journal website require continuous improvement and adherence to best practices. Research data loss can have significant negative consequences across multiple dimensions including time and financial loss. The present research investigates security vulnerabilities during the real-time transit of manuscripts on a journal website. Material and Methods: Website Access: The journal website was accessed, and manuscript components (main manuscript, figures, tables, graphical abstract, funding sources, suggested reviewer, and cover letter) were uploaded. Operating system: Kali Linux, designed for penetration testing and security auditing was used. Tools and software: Nmap (Version 7.95-2) for network discovery and security auditing. Nikto (2.5.0) for web server vulnerability scanning, and Tor (13.0.13) to anonymize web activities. Firefox (127.0.2) as the web browser, and VMware Workstation with Kali Rolling (2023.2 in a virtual environment. Testing phase: Initial upload of the manuscript and supplementary materials. Upload of figures, tables, and graphical abstract. Inclusion of funding sources, suggested reviewers, and cover letter. Data Collection and Analysis: Initial upload of the manuscript and supplementary materials. Upload of figures, tables, and graphical abstract. Inclusion of funding sources, suggested reviewers, and cover letter. Data Collection and Analysis: Network traffic and potential vulnerabilities were monitored on Nmap, Nikto, and Tor. Activities were conducted in the virtual environment of VMware Workstation for controlled and replicable setup. Output measures: Identified and documented potential security gap or vulnerabilities leading to data theft during manuscript transit. Results: An Nmap scan of XXXXXXXX.com (IP: yyyyyyyyyyy) revealed six open ports: 80 (HTTP Apache), 443 (SSL/SMTP Exim), 587 (SMTP Exim), 993 (IMAPS), and 995 (POP3S). each server showed potential vulnerabilities. The scan took 86.15 seconds. Conclusion: The results demonstrate a high risk of exposing sensitive information due to open ports, the presence of potentially outdated services, and the possibility of incomplete detection due to filtered ports pose a high risk of sensitive data during manuscript transit on the website of the journal

Spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome landscapes of cotton fiber during initiation and early development

Cotton fibers are single cells that develop from the epidermal cells in the outer integument of developing seeds. The processes regulating fiber cell development have been extensively studied; however, the spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome profiles during the early stages of fiber development remain largely unknown. In this study, we profile the dynamics of transcriptome and metabolome during the early stages of cotton fiber cell development using a combination of spatial transcriptomic, single-cell transcriptomic, and spatial metabolomic analyses. We identify the key genes (e.g., DOX2, KCS19.4, BEE3, and HOS3.7) and metabolites (e.g., linoleic acid, spermine, spermidine, and α-linolenic acid) that may regulate the early development of fiber cells. Finally, knockdown and gain-of-function analyses identify the crucial role of GhBEE3/Gh_A09G062900 in cotton fiber initiation. We also construct a publicly accessible website (https://cotton.cricaas.com.cn/ovule/) for visualization of the spatiotemporal gene expression in cotton, providing a reference dataset for further studies on cotton fiber development.

Developing a Framework to Measure Health Literacy Demands of Consumer-Facing Healthcare Organization Websites

Many consumer-facing healthcare organization websites are challenging for people with low e-health literacy skills to navigate and use the information to make informed decisions. Though searchers may be familiar with how to use the Internet, navigating website designs, often referred to as eHealth literacy, can make finding health information confusing. Health literacy demands, related to eHealth literacy skills concerning the content and design, can make the difference between consumers’ frustration and success. In this study, we aimed to create a framework to measure the accessibility and usability of healthcare organization consumer-facing websites using this question, “How can the information offered, and navigation of consumer-facing healthcare organization websites be improved to increase accessibility and usability?” We scored select healthcare organizations’ consumer-facing websites including their home page and two patient education pages, using Social Cognitive Theory and Health Literacy constructs both of which promote better accessibility and usability of health information. In addition, we analyzed how the health literacy demands of these pages support or obstruct the eHealth literacy skills of consumers. Results indicated that only 50% of Social Cognitive Theory constructs and 47% of Health Literacy constructs were observed. However, by examining the missing constructs healthcare organizations can assess where to focus consumer-facing website improvement efforts. Therefore, we concluded that Social Cognitive Theory combined with Health Literacy constructs offer a viable framework for measuring and potentially improving consumer-facing healthcare websites.

Evaluation and Comparison of the Comprehensiveness of Canadian and American Ophthalmology Residency Program Websites

ABSTRACT Purpose We descriptively and comparatively evaluated the comprehensiveness of Canadian and US-accredited ophthalmology residency program websites as of August 28, 2024. Methods Using Canadian Resident Matching Service (n = 15) and US Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (n = 125), we assessed website content across seven criteria: recruitment, faculty, residents, education/research, teaching, benefits, and community. Two independent reviewers used a 40-point system, with Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc pairwise tests for analysis by country and funding model. Results US programs more frequently had highly comprehensive websites than Canadian programs (US: 74.4%, Canada: 40%). Canadian programs mostly achieved moderate comprehensiveness (Canada: 60%, US: 22.4%). Larger program size and US origin were significantly linked to higher comprehensiveness scores (p < .01). Conclusion Our findings suggest that US-based, larger programs offer more extensive online resources. We recommend standardized guidelines to improve residency program website transparency and accessibility for medical learners.

Medical malpractice related to urology: an analysis of court decisions in Turkey.

The aim of this study is to examine the lawsuits filed against urologists in Turkey, to reveal the results of these lawsuits and the sub-branch of urology they are related to, to discuss the possible reasons for the lawsuits and what can be done to prevent them. The case outcomes obtained using the keyword "Urology" from the publicly accessible official website of the Presidency of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Turkey between 2018 and 2024 were analyzed by two expert urologists. Of the 215 cases reviewed, the outcomes of 25 cases that met our inclusion criteria were analyzed. Sixteen of these cases were filed against private hospitals. Fourteen of the Supreme Court rulings involved civil (compensation) lawsuits, while 11 were criminal cases. Thirteen cases were related to endourology, and 9 patients had urinary system stone disease. Seventeen of the lawsuits involved allegations of postoperative medical errors. Five cases were attributed to procedural skill errors, and four were due to a lack of informed consent. Complications led to the death of seven patients. The decisions of the first-instance courts resulted in 12 acquittals, 7 compensation rulings, and 6 criminal convictions. At the Supreme Court level, 12 cases were ruled against the physicians. Nearly half of the cases resulted in rulings against urologists, with the majority being related to endourology. Our study emphasizes the importance of adhering to international medical guidelines, providing informed consent to patients, and carefully conducting postoperative follow-ups.

Usability Evaluation of Street Art Websites

This study aims to examine street art websites in terms of usability and crowdsourcing methods. The websites examined were selected from among 700 graffiti websites in the “best list” title of ArtCrimes. Findings indicate that these websites lack sufficient institutional information and policies concerning reproduction and copyright, and contain inadequate descriptive data about the artworks. Following the evaluation, the street art website with the highest usability score was further analyzed through an expert heuristic evaluation. The review concluded that the platform is strong in terms of aesthetic and minimalist design, consistency, and standards, but weak in terms of user control and freedom, as well as flexibility and efficiency features. This study is expected to contribute to the literature by highlighting the importance of accessible websites for street art.

Corporate Digital Responsibility in Practice: A Study of Accessibility on Indonesian Cyber Media Websites

Internet has become the main source of information for Indonesian, with cyber media websites as one of the most accessed channels. The development of digital technology has shaped the practice of public relations into a broader strategic function, combining ethical considerations and social responsibility in the use of technology to ensure equal accessibility and inclusion for all groups in the era of digital transformation. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of compliance of cyber media websites in Indonesia with the principles and components of WCAG 2.0 accessibility, the types of users affected by accessibility errors found on cyber media websites in Indonesia, and the increase in accessibility of Indonesian cyber media websites in the 6 months’ time. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The sample for this research consisted of 41 Indonesian cyber media websites, taken by simple random sampling. Data was collected using Achecker. The research results show all samples of Indonesian cyber media website have accessibility problems with the average of 635 problems per website, indicating the need for initiatives from cyber media companies to improve website accessibility. 75 out of 79 accessibility error types found are affecting people with visual disability. There has been a 0.01% increase in accessibility issues on Indonesian cyber media websites in the six-month period, indicating the importance of regular evaluation and improvement as part of corporate digital responsibility to ensure relevance and compliance with user accessibility needs.

Assessment of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Fellowship Programs Website.

The aim of the study was to assess the comprehensiveness of the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) fellowship program websites in North America. All active REI fellowship program websites in the United States of America (USA) and Canada were evaluated and assessed using 72-point scoring criteria. Any fellowship programs without publicly accessible websites were excluded. The scoring criteria consisted of the following domains - recruitment, faculty information, fellow information, research and education, surgical program, clinical work, benefits and career planning, wellness, and environment. We identified 49 REI fellowship programs in the USA and ninein Canada of which 47 A programs and all Canadian programs had an accessible website. The mean score was significantly higher for USA program websites (61.5% (USA) versus 47.7% (Canada); p<0.001). The "wellness" domain had the highest prevalence of criteria (85.3% of websites) across all program websites, whereas the "fellow information" domain had the lowest (20.0% of websites). In conclusion, American REI fellowship program websites included more program-related content, compared to Canadian program websites.

Efektivitas Website Ecommerce Dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Konsumen Terhadap Pembelian Motor Bekas

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the afair5second.my.id website in increasing consumer trust in purchasing used motorcycles. This website is designed to facilitate the process of buying and selling quality used motorcycles by providing information about products, company profiles, and WhatsApp and email contacts for communication with customers. By using a survey method to website users, this study measures the level of consumer trust based on aspects of information transparency, ease of access, and clarity of communication. The results of the study show that an informative and easily accessible website design contributes significantly to increasing consumer trust. The existence of a clear company profile and available direct contacts also strengthen consumer confidence in the credibility of the store. In conclusion, the afair5second.my.id website is effective in building consumer trust, especially in the used motorcycle market. This study provides recommendations for further development, such as adding consumer review features and quality certification, to increase the competitiveness of the website

Testing the web accessibility of hotel and restaurant complexes

Web accessibility is a necessity enabling people with disabilities to engage in a digital realm regardless of their physical, cognitive, or sensory capabilities. Nowadays, web accessibility assumes significant importance across various domains, including governmental aid, healthcare services, education, cultural activities, sports, and the service sector. Nevertheless, developers and testers often face uncertainty about actions to be taken when addressing accessibility concerns. This article delves into website accessibility matters, outlines key principles for developing accessible web-oriented software, introduces an accessibility testing checklist for web content, conducts both manual and automated testing of the websites of hotel and restaurant complexes, and offers recommendations for enhancing web accessibility levels.

User Perception of Hydrated Website Prototype for Dehydration Prevention: Quantitative Descriptive Study

Background: Body fluid balance or hydration status is often considered unimportant, but scientific facts show that a lack of fluids, even just one per cent, impacts cognitive decline. So, technology-based efforts are needed, such as an easily accessible website to monitor hydration status and maintain good hydration for the community. This research has described the public's perception of a hydrated website prototype for dehydration prevention Method: This research design is quantitatively descriptive, with a population of 114 respondents, using a purposive random sampling technique. The research variables, namely User perceptions of the Hydrated Website Prototype, include user skills, ease of access, appearance design, completeness of content, and application benefits. The instrument uses a questionnaire that refers to variables/sub-variables, and data analysis is done using a frequency distribution table. Result: Public perception in the good category is 99.1%, including the perception of website prototype users being hydrated to prevent dehydration based on the level of user proficiency in using a smartphone or laptop with the advanced or able-to-use category of 77.2%, ease of access in use with the easy category of 59, 6%, the appearance of the design and completeness of the contents of the website prototype in the exciting category each amounted to 64%. Meanwhile, regarding usability, the hydrated website prototype was very useful at 59.6%. Conclusion: This research concludes that user perceptions of the hydrated website prototype for dehydration prevention are good and accepted by the public.

Labiaplasty: A Qualitative Analysis of Online Discourse on Labia Minora

In recent years, the practice of female genital cosmetic surgery, particularly labiaplasty, has increased in Spain, as reported by aesthetic surgery associations. The aim of this article is to describe and represent the labia minora in online information and assess whether it includes elements that may contribute to body dysmorphia. To achieve this, a qualitative content analysis was conducted on the most accessible Spanish-language websites, selected based on their PageRank. The results show that 71.4% of the analyzed websites promote labial reduction, with the majority being commercial sites from medical aesthetic centers. A significant bias towards the medicalization of female genital diversity is revealed, contributing to the creation of the problem: labial hypertrophy is presented as a pathological condition without objective medical criteria, while critical information regarding risks is often omitted. There is a need to reassess the representations, assumptions, and sociocultural values that inform these medical practices and influence their narratives.

СИСТЕМА ВІДДАЛЕНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ ТА КЕРУВАННЯ ФУНКЦІЯМИ АВТОМОБІЛЯ

The article presents a system of remote control and management of car functions, developed using innovative technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless networks. During the development of the system, technologies such as sensors for monitoring the technical condition of the car, a website for remote access, and microcontrollers for data processing and remote control of the car's functions were used. The use of these technologies allows vehicle owners to monitor vehicle parameters such as fuel level, tire pressure and condition, cabin air quality, climate control system, and perform remote operations such as opening doors or windows or starting the engine. This system increases the safety and convenience of using cars in the modern world. Keywords - car remote control system, wireless networks, Internet of Things, sensors, car safety, remote control.

Utilisation and Access of Social Media Websites by Engineering College Students in Trichy City

Social media is crucial for communication and connection in today's digital age. It is an online platform for sharing information, ideas, and material via virtual conversation and networking. College students are frequent users of social networking websites. It helps students receive academic information and develop positive relationships with professors and classmates. The study used convenience sampling with 400 respondents from 10 Engineering institutions. The data was analysed using statistical procedures including percentage analysis, multiple response analysis. The survey found that the majority of pupils are utilising Facebook and YouTube. They are comfortable conversing, texting, and organising group conversations. They spent at least an hour every day on social media websites. The study discovered that demographic parameters such as age and gender had a considerable influence on the total of time spend by social media websites. Furthermore, age has a considerable influence on the frequency of daily access. Keywords: Digital era, online platform, digital interaction and network

Automation for lateral flow rapid tests: Protocol for an open-source fluid handler and applications to dengue and African swine fever tests.

Lateral flow rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs, RTs) are cost-effective with low infrastructure requirements for limited-resource settings, and in any setting can represent a bridge between early disease monitoring at outbreak onset and fully-scaled molecular testing for human or animal diseases. However, the potential of RTs to handle higher throughput testing is hampered by the need for manual processing. Here we review dengue virus and African swine fever virus rapid tests, and present a novel protocol that employs an open-source fluid handler to automate the execution of up to 42 RTs per run. A publicly accessible website, rtWIZARD.lji.org, provides printouts for correctly spacing cassettes, worksheets for sample organization, and test-specific fluid handler protocols to accurately deliver samples from a 48-tube rack to each cassette's sample and running buffer wells. An optional QR-coded sheet allows for de-identified sample-to-result traceability by producing a unique printable label for each cassette, enabling results to be entered via a scanner. This work describes a highly cost-effective model for increasing outbreak diagnostic efficiency and of increasing RT throughput for other applications including workplace testing, food safety, environmental testing, and defense applications.

Trends in Academic Library Publications for the 2014-2023 Period in Scopus Database

Background:Every university has a library to support the academic community. The academic library does not only function to meet the informational needs of the academic community, but also plays crucial roles in education, research, information, recreation, and preservation. The importance of the academic libraries has led to numerous studies being conducted in this field. However, research developments in the field of academic libraries are not yet comprehensive due to the limited number of studies focused on its development. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify publication trends in the field of academic libraries within the Scopus database from 2014 to 2023 and to provide recommendations for research novelty in this field. Method: The research method used in this study is bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric method employed is co-word analysis (keywords) using VOSviewer software. Result: The trending keywords in publications on academic libraries from 2014 to 2023 included Academic libraries, Libraries, Information literacy, Library, Academic library, Human, Collection development, University libraries, Assessment, Higher education, Covid-19, Digital libraries, and Collaboration. Conclusion: The trending keywords in the field of academic libraries are related to the process of library’s adaptation to technological advancements, user needs, and the global impact of the pandemic. In addition to trending keywords, numerous less frequent keywords have emerged, including bibliometric analysis, digital skills, information literacy skills, digital collection, digital reference, digital repositories, technology transfer, technology adoption, remote access, information systems, library design, and academic library websites. These keywords offer valuable insights for future research in the field of academic libraries, particularly in the development of information technology in academic libraries so that libraries can continuously adapt to technological developments.

Evaluating the Accessibility of Norwegian Museum Websites.

Accessibility of museum websites is important in an inclusive society. Despite international and national legislations and guidelines on digital accessibility for online public services, websites for museums continue to have different accessibility issues, which pose challenges for diverse visitors. This study aims to identify accessibility barriers in Norwegian museum websites and provide recommendations for improvement. In addition, by using both automated testing and manual evaluation, the study will contribute to the discussion on web accessibility evaluation methods.

Візуалізація епохи Голодомору: колекція Сновського історичного музею

The researches of Holodomor history use not more than 300 photos among which dozens are very replicated. There is an urgent need to add an additional complex of documentary visual sources of the 1920s-1930s to the scientific circulation. Large collections of photo documents are stored in archives, libraries, and museums. They continue to be almost unknown to researchers. The article is aimed at systematization, thematization, and attribution of the collection of visual sources of the ‘Holodomoe era’ of Snovsk Historical Museum. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods such as analysis, typology, concretization and specific historical methods like historical-chronological, periodization, historical-systemic, and criticism of sources. Geographically - these are the pictures which were taken in the settlements of Snovsk region of that time. Chronologically, the ‘Holodomor era’ is considered as widely as possible and is not limited to 1932–1933. First of all, attention was drawn to photographs dated from the late 1920s – the end of the 1930s. At the same time, the photos of the early and mid-1920s were also involved, which made it possible to present the collection and visualize the period preceding the tragedy more fully. The existing museum collection has not been systematically studied before. It has 34 digital prints of the 1920–1930s. and consists of event and portrait photographs. All of them are staged, made in a photo studio or a specially equipped room, in the courtyard of an institution or organization, on the street or railway, in an open space (field, forest, lawn). 24 photos were created in Snovsk. On 18 photographs there are inscriptions with information about the time of creation, event, place of creation. The name of the author of only two photos was found out. They were created by local photographer Freidkin, whose photo salon has existed in Snovsk since the 1910s. The collection is dominated by photos of educational subjects (10), photos of participants of professional and party courses, meetings, conferences (6), and village activists, functionaries, the ‘elites’ of that period (5).Socio-political and economic transformations in the village are presented in 4 photos, sports – in 2 pictures, cultural life – 2 photos, celebrations – 1 photo. 4 more photos are studio photographs. They depict portraits of local residents. On another 3 photos there are internal personal inscriptions (slogans, signs, posters), and on 2 – noticeable mechanical interventions (destructions of the face, pasting the face of another person). The combination of the discovered photographs with similar collections of other museums ofChernihiv region will create an extremely representative source base of visual sources of the “Holodomorera”. Placing photos on publicly accessible websites with open access will ensure the involvement ofresearchers and their future verification, clarification of information about the time and place of creation, the personalities that are depicted on them. Keywords: digital archive, ‘Holodomor era’, visual sources, Snovsk Historical Museum.

Application of digital slide scanning in external quality assessment program on intestinal parasites.

Intestinal parasitic infections remain prevalent in Viet Nam. Therefore, ensuring quality assurance in intestinal parasite testing is crucial for screening laboratories. The challenges associated with liquid or glass slide samples necessitate the exploration of digital slide applications, which can offer numerous benefits to program suppliers and participants. Compare the true and concordance rates of digital and glass slides for diagnosis. Experimental research design. In total, 30 medical professionals from 30 hospitals participated in the trial. The sets of slides encompassed a range of densities, including negative and coinfected slides. Seven types of glass slides were selected for scanning and digital slide production. The primary outcomes were true and concordance variables. Secondary outcomes included time sample sending and time completion. The digital slides were uploaded to a secure website for participant access while glass slides were sent individually by mail. Data collection involved participants analyzing specimens and reporting their results using a scoring method based on parasite detection and identification accuracy. 210 glass and digital slide-reading results each. The mean true rate between original and glass slides diagnosis was 97.6% (range 90.0%-100%), and it slightly increased to 98.1% (range 90.0%-100%) when using digital slides. The average concordance diagnosis rate between glass and digital slides was 99.5%. Importantly, there were no differences in the diagnostic results between glass and digital slides. The findings revealed that the use of digital slides reduced the total time required by approximately 1.1 days compared with that of glass slides. Altogether, the application of digital slides in the external quality assessment program for intestinal parasites offers convenience for users through online platforms and saves operational time process. The small sample size in this experimental study limited the statistical significance of the comparisons.