Access To Content Research Articles

Open-source delay discounting assessment software: Development and usability.

Delay discounting (DD) describes the tendency of individuals to devalue the worth of a reward as a function of the delay in receiving it. DD is impaired in many clinical conditions and changes across development. Many existing automated DD tasks are built on copyrighted software and primarily designed for English speakers, which hinders content editing and accessibility. Given this scenario, we had three objectives: (1) to develop open-source DD software named the "Waiting Game" with a user interface (UI) that is easily editable (regarding language, reward type/magnitude and delay duration) via an Excel spreadsheet, and provides automated DD scoring; (2) to create a comprehensive manual (User Guide) to accompany the software; and (3) to assess the software's usability and the clarity of the manual through an online questionnaire completed by experts in cognitive assessment. The software was developed using game design and encompasses three tasks that assess DD under three conditions: (1) hypothetical delays (waiting is imagined) and no real rewards (only points) are gained); (2) real delays (waiting is necessary) and real rewards gained; and (3) real delays and hypothetical rewards. An expert evaluation using the System Usability Scale and the International Test Commission recommendations confirmed the software's suitability. Minor changes were made to the User Guide and UI based on the expert feedback. We conclude that the Waiting Game offers a valid, cost-free, and automated solution for DD assessment that facilitates reward and delay manipulations in hypothetical/real delay and reward paradigms across diverse sociocultural contexts.

Development of a Navigator-Delivered Health Insurance Education Program for Hispanic and Latine Communities.

Equitable access to health care services for Hispanic and Latine populations requires that systems go beyond working to increase enrollment in health insurance but also addressing health insurance literacy-the knowledge, ability, and confidence to find and use health insurance. In collaboration with a local health policy organization, individual interviews were conducted with Hispanic and Latine community members. Group engagement sessions were conducted with key professionals. Interviews and engagement sessions focused on the adaptation of an existing health insurance education program (HIEP) to Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latine individuals. An outline of the proposed HIEP content was provided prior to each interview or engagement session. Qualitative content was analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis guided by the intervention adaptation literature. A total of N = 20 professionals participated in an engagement session, while N = 21 community members took part in an interview. Professionals worked in both health care systems (55%) and community organizations (45%). Community members were on average 41 years of age (SD = 13), 81% female, and 100% Hispanic or Latine. Qualitative analysis revealed that participants overwhelmingly supported the adaptation of the HIEP and approved of the proposed topics. Participants also provided recommendations to improve the intervention content and characteristics including a focus on controlling costs, tailoring to the population, ensuring accessibility of content, and specifics regarding the HIEP delivery and facilitator. Overall participants were supportive of the proposed HIEP adaptation and provided a variety of recommendations. Health insurance literacy was perceived as an important next step to enrollment in health insurance.

Enhancing inclusivity on short video platforms in China

The proliferation of short video platforms has transformed digital interaction and content consumption, making them pivotal in everyday life. Despite their widespread popularity, these platforms frequently overlook the needs of users with disabilities, who face significant barriers in terms of both content accessibility and participation. This paper examines the current challenges and opportunities for enhancing inclusivity on short video platforms within the Chinese context, emphasising gaps in design, content moderation and algorithmic fairness. It underscores the necessity for these platforms to adopt inclusive design principles, develop non-discriminatory algorithms and implement effective content moderation systems to protect and empower users with disabilities in China. By fostering an inclusive digital environment, short video platforms in China can fulfil their role in promoting equity and accessibility, ultimately enriching the digital experience for all users.

Creating Immersive Learning Experiences With AI: An Android App Approach

This paper explores the development of AI-powered Android-based learning media to enhance immersive learning experiences. Utilizing Design-Based Research (DBR), the study involved the iterative design, development, and evaluation of an interactive Android application. AI tools, including ChatGPT, Quizziz AI, and various image generation software, were embedded to personalize and support the learning process. The app's interactive features, such as quizzes and instant feedback mechanisms, aim to increase learner engagement and motivation. Preliminary testing among trainers highlighted the app's effectiveness in improving user experience and the potential for broader adoption in educational settings. The results suggest that integrating AI into mobile learning platforms can enhance the accessibility and adaptability of educational content. Future research will focus on further app refinements and assessing its long-term impact on student learning outcomes.

Creating Accessible Online Content for Health Professions Education.

In 2021, nearly 6% of learners studying medicine disclosed disabilities, which was more than double that of 2015.1 Learners seek accommodations for visual, hearing, mobility, and learning disabilities, as well as chronic health conditions. Strategies for supporting accessibility align with best practices for audiovisual and instructional design; however, they are not consistently used in online education. Health professions educators are responsible for ensuring online content is accessible to all learners.

Beyond technical website compliance: Identifying and assessing accessible tourism value chain information content on national tourism organisation websites

Beyond technical website compliance: Identifying and assessing accessible tourism value chain information content on national tourism organisation websites

Inter-institutional cooperation and migrants' financial education: An Italian case study.

This study examines the Welcome-ED project-a partnership between the Municipality of Turin and the Turin Museum of Savings (MoS)-designed to provide tailored financial education to diverse migrant groups through cooperation with local entities, including cooperatives, non-profit associations, and provincial centers for adult education. By analyzing the project's implementation, we identify its strengths and critical areas for improvement, offering actionable recommendations to guide the design of future financial education programs for migrants at the local level. The program's use of multimodal, interactive teaching methods is a valuable aspect of this initiative, as it contributed to increasing participant engagement and delivering accessible content. Our analysis demonstrates that evaluation criteria should account for varying levels of topic difficulty, supported by insights from Item Response Theory (IRT). Migrants involved through cooperatives and non-profits exhibited the greatest knowledge gains, emphasizing the importance of context-specific approaches tailored to participants' diverse needs-a goal achievable through effective inter-institutional cooperation and co-creation.

Fuzzy-Based Virtual Reality System for Cultural Heritage: Enhancing User Interaction and Experience Through Contextual Assistive Messaging

The article highlights the need for enhanced user interaction and personalization in virtual reality (VR) systems for cultural heritage. As cultural sites become accessible through VR, delivering meaningful and tailored user experiences is crucial for effective learning and engagement. Traditional VR systems often fail to address varying levels of user expertise, limiting the accessibility of cultural content. To solve this, the study introduces SculptMate, a fuzzy logic-based VR system that estimates user proficiency in computers and VR, delivering context-sensitive assistive messages. In a study with 64 participants, SculptMate was compared to a standard VR system. Results demonstrated significantly higher engagement and comprehension of cultural artifacts with SculptMate, offering a personalized, immersive experience. The study emphasizes the potential of integrating fuzzy logic into VR to improve educational outcomes and user satisfaction. Future enhancements include dynamic machine learning, multisensory components, and platform optimization for broader accessibility and better user experiences.

Desain UI/UX Aplikasi Mobile LMS dengan Metode Design Thinking untuk Efektifitas Pembelajaran Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi

This research seeks to develop the UI/UX of the Mobile Learning Management System (LMS) application by utilizing the Design Thinking methodology to improve the effectiveness of student learning in higher education. Design Thinking is used because of its user-centric methodology, guaranteeing that LMS apps align with the preferences and behaviors of students who are increasingly relying on mobile devices in their daily routines. Application development goes through the stages of Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test, with validation carried out using the System Usability Scale (SUS) approach. The assessment involved five students from various academic fields who are proficient in desktop-based Learning Management Systems (LMS). The test results showed a SUS score of 78, categorized as "Good" and close to "Very Good". This score signifies the program's excellent usability, easy navigation, and functions that encourage learning flexibility, including content access, assignment submission, and discussion forums. This study shows that the mobile Learning Management System created using the Design Thinking methodology significantly increases student access to lecture materials and encourages the efficacy of learning in higher education. Suggestions for improvements include conducting assessments with a wider group of participants and implementing design iterations to refine features based on user feedback.

Showcasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in neurological surgery: a comparative analysis of neurological surgery residency program websites in the United States.

Residency websites can often be crucial for influencing neurosurgery applicants' first impressions of programs. This study explores the representation of diversity on neurological surgery residency program websites and evaluates the impact of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) statements. The websites of 117 neurological surgery residency programs were evaluated for the presence of 12 diversity and inclusion elements. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine significant differences in DEI scores between neurological surgery residency program websites. Program analysis revealed a mean diversity score of 7.9 out of a maximum score of 12, equating to the presence of 66% of possible DEI elements in our scoring system. Top-50 ranked programs (Doximity) exhibited a significantly higher mean diversity score (8.6 +/- 2.7) compared to those outside the top-50 (7.2 +/- 2.9) (p = 0.009). Accessibility of DEI content varied, with most program websites either having a direct link to a separate DEI webpage (41%) or lacking any DEI elements (42%). A secondary analysis found that the presence of a DEI statement on a program's webpage was not significantly associated with Doximity ranking, NIH funding, geographic region, or hospital funding. However, programs with a DEI statement were significantly more likely to have various additional DEI elements (p < 0.001). While many neurological surgery residencies include elements of DEI on their websites, this is not currently a consistent practice across all programs. We advocate that these initiatives should be prominently featured on program websites to aid applicants in making informed decisions about their training journey.

Determinants Affecting Students’ Satisfaction In The Use of Learning Management Systems on Instructional Content, Interaction, and Accessibility

&lt;p&gt;An Learning Management Systems (LMS) is important in boosting knowledge acquisition and information management in the digital world. This investigation examines factors affecting students' satisfaction with each aspect of the LMS instructional content, interaction, and accessibility. Using a quantitative research design, data was collected through an online survey from 104 undergraduate students at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. The results showed that over half of the participants were satisfied or highly satisfied with LMS features such as interaction, accessibility, and instructional content. 89.4% of students were satisfied with direct communication from the LMS in interaction. When asked about accessibility, 99% of respondents praised the platform's flexibility and ease of use. For the instructional component, 90 percent of students expressed satisfaction with the quality and accessibility of the materials provided. These findings are significant for educational institutes to enhance learning management system features as per user requirements, enabling more flexible and interactive learning approaches. Research related to learning management systems introduced at a tertiary institution to improve learning effectiveness during the pre- and post-COVID-19 period requires deep analysis, including different particulars shaped in the higher education landscape by the impact of the pandemic. This study significantly contributes to developing technology-based education policies in the digital age.&lt;/p&gt;

Implementation of Augmented Reality Snap That Animal Using MDLC Method as Learning Media

This research introduces Snap That Animal, an augmented reality (AR) mobile application designed as an innovative educational tool for early childhood education. The study focuses on identifying challenges faced by teachers at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Krajan Kindergarten when using traditional teaching methods to engage young learners. To address these challenges, the application was developed using the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method, incorporating the Vuforia SDK on the Android platform to create interactive 3D animal models activated by markers. This interactive approach aims to enhance student interest and learning outcomes by offering more engaging and accessible educational content. The app underwent thorough testing, including marker recognition under varying light intensities, tilt angles, and distances, as well as compatibility with different devices. Results demonstrated that the application performs efficiently in real-life educational settings. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through a questionnaire. The study population consisted of kindergarten teachers, and a total sample of nine teachers participated as respondents. The processed questionnaire results, evaluated using an assessment scale, revealed a feasibility rating of “very good,” with a score of 93.56%. In conclusion, the findings suggest that AR applications like Snap That Animal significantly enhance student engagement and learning effectiveness in early childhood education.

Self-Diagnosed Cases of Dissociative Identity Disorder on Social Media: Conceptualization, Assessment, and Treatment.

Recent global popularity of social media content about dissociative identity disorder (DID) has coincided with increased self-diagnosis among children and young people who have formed large online communities and presented in clinical settings seeking to affirm their self-diagnoses. We situate this phenomenon within a broader trend toward self-diagnosis due to the widespread visibility and accessibility of mental health content on social media. Social media propelled self-diagnosis raises particular questions for the study and treatment of DID due to long-standing debates over whether the condition is traumagenic, sociogenic, or iatrogenic. This paper draws from the current state of knowledge about psychiatric self-diagnosis, the influence of social media on youth mental health, and the authors' clinical experience to present preliminary conceptualizations of DID self-diagnosis and its significance for clinical practice. Established etiological models for DID acknowledge the role of sociocultural and contextual factors in shaping and reinforcing the elaboration of DID self-states. We hypothesize that multiple forms of online sociality and interaction encourage such elaborations. Social media content regarding DID, however, is routinely unreliable and low quality, often mischaracterizing the condition's symptoms and minimizing associated suffering and disability. This paper considers the likelihood that the self-diagnosing DID cohort includes genuine, genuine but exaggerated, imitative, and malingering cases, and underscores the importance of careful and personalized assessment and diagnosis.

Faculty at an R2 University Show Varied Perceptions Toward Publishing and Using Open Access Scholarship

A Review of: Scott, R. E., Murphy, J. A., Thayer-Styes, C., Buckley, C. E., &amp; Shelley, A. (2023). Exploring faculty perspectives on open access at a medium-sized, American doctoral university. Insights the UKSG Journal, 36(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.620 Objective – To examine faculty members’ preferences, experiences, and current practices for publishing and using Open Access (OA) content. Design – Qualitative interviews and inductive coding of participants’ responses. Setting – Illinois State University (ISU), a public R2 university. Subjects – Twenty-five faculty members, representing all of ISU’s colleges. Methods – Authors recruited participants via a faculty electronic mailing list, selecting 25 faculty members representing all of ISU’s colleges, as well as differing academic ranks and length of time since earning their terminal degrees. Interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed over Zoom. Authors used inductive coding to identify themes, while also seeking input from participants and external professionals to guarantee accurate and detailed representation of participants’ responses to the interview questions. Main Results – All participants placed themselves somewhere on the spectrum between being completely opposed to, and enthusiastically participating in, OA publishing, with many noting tension between a principled belief in OA scholarship and difficulties with carrying out those beliefs due to journal quality or article processing fees. Some scholars were able to make use of grants, transformative agreements, or departmental funds to cover the costs associated with OA publishing. Disciplinary norms governed the sharing or use of unpublished, publicly accessible scholarship, with scholars in the sciences being more likely to place works in disciplinary repositories, such as arXiv. Participants expressed hesitation to post preprints to repositories due to lack of peer-review, legal considerations, and having one’s research ideas “scooped.” Lack of peer-review also contributed to hesitancy to cite preprints, although arXiv emerged as a highly regarded repository in terms of article quality for relevant scientific disciplines. Conclusion – The authors conclude that perceptions of OA publishing are heavily determined by disciplinary norms, leading to a broad range of practices even within an R2 university. This necessitates multiple approaches by libraries to make OA publishing more possible and palatable for scholars including facilitating access to funds that alleviate or cover article processing fees, hosting OA journals, and providing quality education and support for publishing in reputable OA journals in one’s field. The authors see sustained shifts toward publishing in OA models as also likely to lead to scholars' increasing their use of others’ OA materials.

After the Big Deal: Data-Informed Management of Unbundled Journal Packages in a Consortial Environment

ABSTRACT In response to rising subscription costs, academic libraries and library consortia continue to adjust journal subscriptions to limit spending and maximize value from journal packages. Facing increasing costs for their Elsevier ScienceDirect bundled subscription, the 60 libraries of the State University of New York (SUNY) System restructured their large package in favor of a smaller curated list of titles and adopted a data informed approach to assess the new package. SUNY used Unsub and other data analysis tools to drive a data-informed journal package restructuring and reduction. This article presents a three-year review of the work of this unbundling and assessment project. Based on the experience of other consortia, the authors expected an increase in usage of subscription alternatives such as open access content, interlibrary loan, post-termination access requests, and individual article purchases. Preliminary review showed usage of Elsevier content initially dropped 50% after unbundling and then increased annually at a marginal rate. While consortia staff attempted to use a data-informed approach to evaluate titles for yearly subscription reviews and yearly package adjustments, this approach was not sustainable post-unbundling. After allaying initial concerns regarding a reduction in subscribed journal titles, continual yearly review of usage data became less important than the stability of the curated package.

Challenges Faced in the Utilization of FAQs in Agriculture among Farmers in Kerala, India

The study aimed to identify and rank the challenges faced by farmers in South Kerala in utilizing Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) and Frequently Asked Question Solution (FAQ-S) for agricultural information. The research was carried out across five districts, viz., Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, and Kottayam, representing diverse agricultural practices. A total of 150 progressive farmers were randomly selected, with 30 participants from each district, based on their active involvement in agricultural programs and knowledge-sharing activities. Primary data were collected through in-person interviews using a pre-tested semi-structured schedule. Challenges were ranked using Garrett’s ranking technique, which provided a comprehensive evaluation of their significance based on both mean scores and Garrett values. The findings revealed that the lack of awareness (mean=72.01 and Garrett value= 80) about FAQ-S ranked as the most critical challenge, followed by time constraints (mean=69.65 and Garrett value= 33 and insufficient trust (mean=54.56 and Garrett value= 40 in the information provided. Other significant barriers included limited content relevance, technical difficulties, language barriers, and access issues. However, despite the agricultural sector's potential, farmers in Kerala, particularly smallholders, face barriers in accessing updated and reliable information essential for improving agricultural productivity. The study concluded that targeted interventions, such as awareness campaigns, trust-building initiatives, localized content development, and improved digital literacy, are essential to enhance the effectiveness of FAQ-S. Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that if these challenges are properly addressed, it will improve information dissemination, empower farmers, and support sustainable agricultural development in Kerala.

Deep Q-learning for reducing enhanced distributed channel access collision in IEEE 802.11p of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

The purpose of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is to provide users with better information services through effective communication. For this purpose, IEEE 802.11p proposes a protocol standard based on enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) contention. In this standard, the backoff algorithm randomly adopts a lower bound of the contention window (CW) that is always fixed at zero. The problem that arises is that in severe network congestion, the backoff process will choose a smaller value to start backoff, thereby increasing conflicts and congestion. The objective of this paper is to solve this unbalanced backoff interval problem in saturation vehicles and this paper proposes a method that is a deep neural network Q-learning-based channel access algorithm (DQL-CSCA), which adjusts backoff with a deep neural network Q-learning algorithm according to vehicle density. Network simulation is conducted using NS3, the proposed algorithm is compared with the CSCA algorithm. The find is that DQL-CSCA can better reduce EDCA collisions.

Beyond the Minimum

In April 2024, the Department of Justice finalized a rule updating regulations for Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which requires that all state and local governments make their services, programs, and activities accessible, including those that are offered online and in mobile apps. The final rule dictates that public entities’ web content meet the technical standards of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Version 2.1, level AA, an industry standard since its creation in 2018. Libraries that receive federal funding will be required to follow this rule for any web content they create, including LibGuides. Springshare’s LibGuide platform is one of the most widely used among libraries for web content creation, from complete websites to pedagogical and research guides. While Springshare may develop plans to make sure its clients are in compliance with this new rule, there are more important questions that LibGuide creators need to consider to move beyond the bare minimum of following the rule. The authors explain what WCAG 2.1 AA compliance requires, how LibGuide authors can use accessibility principles to ensure compliance, and offer available tools to check existing guides, as well as discuss alternatives to LibGuides.

Notes on the state of Brazilian television archives: From scattered initiatives to an uncertain future

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in past television programmes and television memory more broadly, a trend amplified by streaming platforms. This development highlights the critical issue of television archiving and content accessibility. As Brazilian television approaches its 75th anniversary in 2025, this article examines the current state of television archives in Brazil, their accessibility to the general public, and the role of amateur archiving on online platforms. We analyse the public and private dimensions of these archives and, drawing on international examples, advocate for public-private collaborations to expand Brazilian citizenship through equitable access to television archives.

From Incipience to Status Quo: Development from Theatre to Streaming

This paper highlights the profound impact of streaming platforms on the profitability and distribution of mainstream films. Through digital innovations that have since transformed the entertainment industry, consumers have turned to video streaming services such as YouTube and Netflix, advancing accessible and affordable content instead of traditional theatrical releases. This transition, fueled by changes in consumer behaviour and accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has reshaped the film industry’s financial and cultural basis, with streaming platforms offering a viable and often preferable alternative to cinemas. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study analyses historical box office trends and industry professionals’ opinions to investigate the rise of streaming and the oscillating state of theatres. While box office revenues remain volatile, especially for mid-budget and independent films, streaming continues to grow: hitting a projected global market value over $184.3 billion by 2027. Insights from this research are crucial for future filmmakers, industry professionals, business leaders, and entrepreneurs to navigate the rapidly changing landscape of film distribution.