Access Layer Research Articles

Refactoring Legacy Software for Layer Separation

One of the main aims in the layered software architecture is to divide the code into different layers so that each layer contains related modules and serves its upper layers. Although layered software architecture is matured now; many legacy information systems do not benefit from the advantages of this architecture and their code for the process/business and data access are mostly in a single layer. In many legacy systems, due to the integration of the code in one layer, changes to the software and its maintenance are mostly difficult. In addition, the big size of a single layer causes the load concentration and turns the server into a bottleneck where all requests must be executed on it. In order to eliminate these deficiencies, this paper presents a refactoring mechanism for the automatic separation of the business and data access layers by detecting the data access code based on a series of patterns in the input code and transferring it to a new layer. For this purpose, we introduce a code scanner which detects the target points based on these patterns and hence automatically makes the changes required for the layered architecture. According to the experimental evaluation results, the performance of the system is increased for the layer separated software using the proposed approach. Furthermore, it is examined that the application of the proposed approach provides additional benefits considering the qualitative criteria such as loosely coupling and tightly coherency.

Mitigating DDoS Attacks in SDN-Based IoT Networks Leveraging Secure Control and Data Plane Algorithm

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Internet of Things (IoT) are the trends of network evolution. SDN mainly focuses on the upper level control and management of networks, while IoT aims to bring devices together to enable sharing and monitoring of real-time behaviours through network connectivity. On the one hand, IoT enables us to gather status of devices and networks and to control them remotely. On the other hand, the rapidly growing number of devices challenges the management at the access and backbone layer and raises security concerns of network attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). The combination of SDN and IoT leads to a promising approach that could alleviate the management issue. Indeed, the flexibility and programmability of SDN could help in simplifying the network setup. However, there is a need to make a security enhancement in the SDN-based IoT network for mitigating attacks involving IoT devices. In this article, we discuss and analyse state-of-the-art DDoS attacks under SDN-based IoT scenarios. Furthermore, we verify our SDN sEcure COntrol and Data plane (SECOD) algorithm to resist DDoS attacks on the real SDN-based IoT testbed. Our results demonstrate that DDoS attacks in the SDN-based IoT network are easier to detect than in the traditional network due to IoT traffic predictability. We observed that random traffic (UDP or TCP) is more affected during DDoS attacks. Our results also show that the probability of a controller becoming halt is 10%, while the probability of a switch getting unresponsive is 40%.

Unveiling the Importance and Evolution of Design Components Through the “Tree of Blockchain”

This study covers the evolutionary development of blockchain technologies over the last 11 years (2009–2019) and sheds lights on potential areas of innovation in heretofore unexplored sub-components. For this purpose, we collected and analyzed detailed data on 107 different blockchain technologies and studied their component-wise technological evolution. The diversity of their designs was captured by deconstructing the blockchains using the Tasca-Tessone taxonomy to build what we call the “tree of blockchain” composed of blockchain main and sub-components. With the support of information theory and phylogenetics, we found that most design explorations have been conducted within the components in the areas of consensus mechanisms and cryptographic primitives. We also show that some sub-components like Consensus Immutability and Failure Tolerance, Access and Control layer, and Access Supply Management have predictive power over other sub-components. We finally found that few dominant design models—the genetic driving clusters of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and XRP—influenced the evolutionary paths of most of the succeeding blockchains.

Research and Application of “Internet+” Intelligent Heating System for Central Heating

At present, China's central heating industry is developing rapidly. It is an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the energy industry to use the advantages of advanced information and communication technology and platform to promote the intelligent energy production, promote the interconnection of various types of energy flow network and the coordinated transformation of various energy forms. In the framework of the era of industrial of Things, the introduction of Internet + technology helps to improve the production, operation, management and service level of central heating system from the system engineering level. The Internet + intelligent heating system in the field of central heating integrates heating physical system and information system deeply, forming a new application mode of digital twin. It takes source -- heat network -- heat station -- user heat transfer as the main line and adopts B/S architecture. It consists of data perception layer, data acquisition layer, data access layer, business logic layer, presentation layer and terminal access layer. In a Internet + intelligent heating platform demonstration construction applications, through the construction of entire network hydraulic balance analysis, the source network integration of collaborative scheduling, energy consumption statistics and analysis, management fees management, customer service management subsystem module, such as the heating index to reduce energy consumption, operating cost savings, improve work efficiency and service quality improvement has made significant achievements.

Design and Internet of Things Development of Network Teaching Resource Base System for Educational Technology

With the deepening of the application of Internet of Things in education, its role in promoting education and teaching has become increasingly obvious, but the corresponding is that the application of Internet of Things in education has remained in the experimental stage, and can not be applied on a large scale. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the educational application of the Internet of Things, this paper designs and completes a new educational resource database management system of the Internet of Things. The system consists of three parts: the core layer, the access layer and the performance layer. It has good expansibility and shields the complexity of the Internet of Things technology, and meets the needs of ordinary teachers and students to rapidly develop the educational application of the Internet of Things. The research results show that through the analysis of the status quo of network teaching in colleges and universities, a web-based intra-campus network teaching system software platform is established to solve the problems in higher education. At the same time, the experimental system also helps the experimenter to deeply study the basic technology of the Internet of Things.

Biocasting of an elastin-like recombinamer and collagen bi-layered model of the tunica adventitia and external elastic lamina of the vascular wall.

The development of techniques for fabricating vascular wall models will foster the development of preventive and therapeutic therapies for treating cardiovascular diseases. However, the physical and biological complexity of vascular tissue represents a major challenge, especially for the design and the production of off-the-shelf biomimetic vascular replicas. Herein, we report the development of a biocasting technique that can be used to replicate the tunica adventitia and the external elastic lamina of the vascular wall. Type I collagen embedded with neonatal human dermal fibroblast (HDFn) and an elastic click cross-linkable, cell-adhesive and protease-sensitive elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) hydrogel were investigated as readily accessible and tunable layers to the envisaged model. Mechanical characterization confirmed that the viscous and elastic attributes predominated in the collagen and ELR layers, respectively. In vitro maturation confirmed that the collagen and ELR provided a favorable environment for the HDFn viability, while histology revealed the wavy and homogenous morphology of the ELR and collagen layer respectively, the cell polarization towards the cell-attachment sites encoded on the ELR, and the enhanced expression of glycosaminoglycan-rich extracellular matrix and differentiation of the embedded HDFn into myofibroblasts. As a complementary assay, 30% by weight of the collagen layer was substituted with the ELR. This model proved the possibility to tune the composition and confirm the versatile character of the technology developed, while revealing no significant differences with respect to the original construct. On-demand modification of the model dimensions, number and composition of the layers, as well as the type and density of the seeded cells, can be further envisioned, thus suggesting that this bi-layered model may be a promising platform for the fabrication of biomimetic vascular wall models.

Alexander von Humboldt and the United States: Art, Nature, and Culture by Eleanor Jones

Reviewed by: Alexander von Humboldt and the United States: Art, Nature, and Culture by Eleanor Jones Laura Turner Igoe (bio) Keywords Alexander von Humboldt, Philosophy, Natural world, Nature, Visual arts Alexander von Humboldt and the United States: Art, Nature, and Culture. By Eleanor Jones Harvey with a preface by Hans-Dieter Sues. (Washington, DC: Smithsonian American Art Museum in association with Princeton University Press, 2020. Pp. 443. Paper, $75.00.) In the Alexander von Humboldt and the United States catalogue and exhibition at the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Eleanor Harvey takes a deep dive into nineteenth-century American thought and culture to tease out traces of Humboldt, “arguably the most important natural philosopher of the nineteenth century” (25). Although hardly a household name today, Humboldt was one of the best known and admired public figures [End Page 480] until his death in 1859. The Prussian-born naturalist traveled the globe and wrote more than 36 books and 25,000 letters to a global network of correspondents. His theory of the interconnectedness of humans and nature, radical at the time, formed the basis of his five-volume magnum opus, Cosmos: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe (1848–59). An international bestseller, Cosmos had a profound impact on past and current understandings of the natural world, inspiring visual artists, writers, and scientists from Charles Darwin to Rachel Carson. Although Humboldt spent only six weeks in the United States in 1804, discussing the Louisiana Purchase with Thomas Jefferson and inspiring Charles Willson Peale to come out of artistic retirement to paint his portrait, he proclaimed himself “half an American” and had a lasting impact on the nation’s cultural identity through his publications and correspondence. Each of the eight chapters in Alexander von Humboldt and the United States examines an area of Humboldt’s cultural impact—from his influence on early American naturalist–explorers to his lifelong advocacy of abolition and his deep interest in Native American ethnography. Humboldt’s imprint on American thought and culture has received a resurgence of scholarly attention in recent decades, most notably by literature scholar Laura Dassow Walls and historian Andrea Wulf, whose bestseller, The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt’s New World, thrust the polymath into popular culture.1 Harvey’s exhibition and catalogue, however, cement Humboldt’s significance to the visual arts, as she investigates his impact on Peale, Samuel F. B. Morse, Frederic Edwin Church, Carleton Watkins, Albert Bierstadt, George Catlin, and Karl Bodmer, and their visions of the natural world and its inhabitants. Densely researched and dizzying in its chronological and cultural expanse, the catalogue convincingly lays out Humboldt’s significant mark on U.S. cultural identity and artistic production. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Smithsonian’s extended closures in 2020 and 2021, the Alexander von Humboldt and the United States catalogue has become, in many ways, a stand-in for the shuttered exhibition. Originally slated to open in March of 2020, the exhibition has only been open to the public for nine weeks (three weeks longer than Humboldt’s short stay in the United States). A number of online resources, [End Page 481] however, including lectures, tours, animated videos, and a complete checklist and label copy, provide multiple layers of access during the museum’s closure. Still, the catalogue and these virtual platforms cannot replicate the experience of viewing in person the masterworks Harvey has assembled, including the skeleton of a mastodon excavated by Peale in the early nineteenth century and borrowed from the Hessisches Landesmuseum in Darmstadt, Germany. Harvey described her clearest revelation in “dusting for [Humboldt’s] fingerprints” across U.S. culture as finding his “far reaching influence on the development of what has been called America’s ‘wilderness aesthetic,’” defined as “finding positive value in uncultivated territory” (35). Because of Humboldt, the United States adopted nature and “the concept of wilderness specifically—as an emblem of the scale and scope of our cultural ambitions,” giving rise to the Hudson River School of landscape painting (29). Unfortunately, there is little critical interrogation of the darker side of this “wilderness aesthetic” and its affiliated colonialist enterprise.2 For Americans to embrace uninhabited wilderness as...

Various Methods of Link Design for Transferring Data in Wireless Sensor Networks for different Applications

ABSTRACTThis paper offers the different type transmission schemes used in wireless sensor networks. The wireless sensor network used in a number of applications such as Agriculture, Military, Medical, Multimedia etc. According to the applications there are different quality of service parameters and designing requirements for different layers in network design. While designing any ad hoc network or sensor network many designing principals and challenges are taken into consideration. For the designing of protocols layering in ad hoc sensor network basically a five layer model is taken into consideration. These layers are application, transport, network, Medium access control and physical layer. In this paper different types of designing constraints associated with physical and medium access layer has been introduced for different applications in sensor networks. In that manner this paper helps us to select the designing of a link for particular application.

Fuzzy rules based efficient event-driven simulation of blockchain-based applications

Decentralized application (DAPP), replacing traditional business logic and data access layer with block chain, is a new form of Internet service. Testing DAPP requires large-scale distributed systems. Performing experiments in a real system is costly and difficult. This article carefully analyses the process of block generation and synchronization and explains the reasons for the low efficiency of block chain system simulation. We incorporate fuzzy rule based model for enhancing the logging system in blockchain. Rules based on fuzzy are utilized inside system of fuzzy logic to obtain outcome on basis of input variables. The data of Ethereum and Bitcoin proves that the block generation interval conforms to the exponential distribution, and the real PoW calculation can be replaced with random numbers. Both block verification and network propagation processes have latency, which can be simulated with asynchronous messaging. Based on the above analysis, this article proposes a high-performance simulation method based on event-driven model, which is suitable for describing the communication and synchronization behave our of block chain networks. The method can effectively describe the block generation, the synchronization process between nodes, and supports different equity proof forms. Using this method, the performance of the PoW systemis tested. Under the ecs.c6.xlargeinstance,the simulation running speed reaches 782 times of actual system. Further experiments show that this method can be efficiently used in larger-scale networks and is an effective tool for DAPP developing and testing.

Outage probability analysis for relay-based cognitive radio network

This paper is delineating with relay-based subjective radio system (CRN) with different optional source hubs and numerous auxiliary goal nodes. The quality of service is mainly ability can be enhanced with proper resource allocation. The link value is preserved by keeping SNR above a threshold called minimum protection ratio. Uplink resource allocation based on hybrid cooperative CR network (HCCRN) is considered in which licensed radio and cognitive radio are combined. Cognitive relay is utilised for range extension to attain greater capacity. CRN stands for cognitive radio network. Medium access layer network coding (MALNC) is connected with two sorts of full duplex transfer to be specific amplify and forward (AF), decode and forward (DF) for the fruitful transmission of data. Identification of data at the collector is anticipated by multiple range groups. Utilisation of MALNC lessens to the quantity of vacancies required for correspondence. Log typical conveyances are utilised for divert parameter investigation within the sight of shadowing of sign because of huge hindrances in versatile radio correspondence. Blackout likelihood is portrayed for blurring channel. A variety of the estimation of mean, fluctuation and transmission rate is done to accomplish an effective framework.

Serial Combination Optimization Method of Packet Transport Network

Packet transport network (PTN) has problems such as waste of resources and low network stability due to the excessive complexity of the existing network or improper network architecture design. The optimization of the transport networks can not only make the network structure more reasonable but also reduce all kinds of unexpected scenarios in the network operation, improving the network efficiency and reducing the failure rate. This research will be optimized from three aspects. (1) In order to solve the problem of the same active and standby routing in the existing network, an optimization algorithm for the same active and standby routing of LSP is proposed. The essence of the optimization algorithm is to search the existing routing using the K‐shortest path (KSP) between two network nodes as protection routing for LSP protection. (2) Aiming at the link with a high CIR bandwidth occupancy rate, a method is completed without adding optical fibers and other physical resources; an optimization method for the committed information rate bandwidth occupancy rate based on the KSP algorithm is proposed. (3) When the PTN ring formation rate is low, the security of the PTN is seriously reduced. In order to solve the problem of low ring formation rate in the network, this paper proposes a ring formation rate optimization scheme for PTN access layer equipment based on network elements accounting income. Through the experimental verification on the mobile PTN in one city, Hubei Province, the combination optimization method can improve the network LSP protection rate by 24%, the CIR bandwidth occupancy rate is reduced by 13.82%, and the nonring forming rate was reduced by 17.9%. This method improved network stability, reducing the risk of failure in service transportation effectively.

Outage probability analysis for relay-based cognitive radio network

This paper is delineating with relay-based subjective radio system (CRN) with different optional source hubs and numerous auxiliary goal nodes. The quality of service is mainly ability can be enhanced with proper resource allocation. The link value is preserved by keeping SNR above a threshold called minimum protection ratio. Uplink resource allocation based on hybrid cooperative CR network (HCCRN) is considered in which licensed radio and cognitive radio are combined. Cognitive relay is utilised for range extension to attain greater capacity. CRN stands for cognitive radio network. Medium access layer network coding (MALNC) is connected with two sorts of full duplex transfer to be specific amplify and forward (AF), decode and forward (DF) for the fruitful transmission of data. Identification of data at the collector is anticipated by multiple range groups. Utilisation of MALNC lessens to the quantity of vacancies required for correspondence. Log typical conveyances are utilised for divert parameter investigation within the sight of shadowing of sign because of huge hindrances in versatile radio correspondence. Blackout likelihood is portrayed for blurring channel. A variety of the estimation of mean, fluctuation and transmission rate is done to accomplish an effective framework.

LIRKIS Global Collaborative Virtual Environments: Current State and Utilization Perspective

Abstract Recent advances in the field of web technologies, including the increasing support of virtual reality hardware, have allowed for shared virtual environments, reachable by just entering a URL in a browser. One contemporary solution that provides such a shared virtual reality is LIRKIS Global Collaborative Virtual Environments (LIRKIS G-CVE). It is a web-based software system, built on top of the A-Frame and Networked-Aframe frameworks. This paper describes LIRKIS G-CVE and introduces its two original components. The first one is the Smart-Client Interface, which turns smart devices, such as smartphones and tablets, into input devices. The advantage of this component over the standard way of user input is demonstrated by a series of experiments. The second component is the Enhanced Client Access layer, which provides access to positions and orientations of clients that share a virtual environment. The layer also stores a history of connected clients and provides limited control over the clients. The paper also outlines an ongoing experiment aimed at an evaluation of LIRKIS G-CVE in the area of virtual prototype testing.

Opportunities to display knowledge during national assessment in mathematics: a matter of access and participation

ABSTRACT Students with special educational needs (SEN) are systematically hindered in their participation in test-taking and, as a result, are also excluded from participating in high-quality learning. Hence, participation in the assessment situation is connected to power relations and future prospects and possibilities to participate in society. This article explores aspects of participation in a standardised and national assessment in Sweden by scrutinising a moment of mandatory national testing in mathematics with students in need of special education. The conclusions are that layers of access and levels of participation are established as the result of complex movements between communication, support, relations and the mathematics involved.

(Invited) Towards Obtaining Rotating Disk Electrode Activity in a Membrane Electrode Assembly; Implications of the Electrocatalyst-Ionomer Interface for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

The proper integration of materials to enable high performing low temperature fuel cell operation has never been more crucial to realizing the isolated (e.g. half-cell or ex-situ) improvements of advanced electrocatalysts, supports and ionomers in an effort to maximize efficiency and fuel. This integration pathway for oxygen reduction electrocatalysts, from initial testing in a rotating disk electrode (RDE) to their apex form as porous electrodes in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), is replete with potential pitfalls. Along the route to improving MEA level electrocatalyst kinetics and electrode transport properties are numerous choices relating to ink formulation (i.e. solvents and solvent ratios), ink processing and deposition methodology, ionomer content and chemistry and electrochemical MEA conditioning. Combined with carbon morphology/porosity, such variables can alter the final electrode morphology, influencing active site accessibility and ORR activity as well as oxygen transport resistance and electrode proton conductivity.[1–5]Here, the development and utilization of in situ diagnostics designed to probe specific phenomena (e.g. catalyst/ionomer interactions, molecular and Knudsen diffusion, electrochemical active site accessibility and catalyst layer proton resistance) will be presented as tools to contrast the ink, processing and fabrication methods necessary to achieve high performance PGM (e.g. Pt/C and Pt alloy/C) and PGM-free (e.g. FeNx/C) electrocatalysts based electrodes. For PGM based MEAs, the dynamic effects of electrochemical conditioning will be examined in an effort to both baseline MEA level performance and decouple the contributions of simultaneous electrocatalyst particle growth and the removal of system impurities.[6] The prerequisite understanding gleaned from the application of electrochemical diagnostics and MEA conditioning procedures will be combined with the development of a novel sulfonated ionic liquid block copolymer ionomer and tailored integration methodology to illustrate a pathway towards improved MEA level performance.[7]References[1] A. Orfanidi, P.J. Rheinlander, N. Schulte, H.A. Gasteiger, Ink Solvent Dependence of the Ionomer Distribution in the Catalyst Layer of a PEMFC, Journal of The Electrochemical Society. (2018) 11.[2] S. Khandavalli, J.H. Park, N.N. Kariuki, D.J. Myers, J.J. Stickel, K. Hurst, K.C. Neyerlin, M. Ulsh, S.A. Mauger, Rheological Investigation on the Microstructure of Fuel Cell Catalyst Inks, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. (2018) 13.[3] D.A. Cullen, R. Koestner, R.S. Kukreja, Z.Y. Liu, S. Minko, O. Trotsenko, A. Tokarev, L. Guetaz, H.M. Meyer, C.M. Parish, K.L. More, Imaging and Microanalysis of Thin Ionomer Layers by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, J. Electrochem. Soc. 161 (2014) F1111–F1117. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1091410jes.[4] T. Van Cleve, S. Khandavalli, A. Chowdhury, S. Medina, S. Pylypenko, M. Wang, K.L. More, N. Kariuki, D.J. Myers, A.Z. Weber, S.A. Mauger, M. Ulsh, K.C. Neyerlin, Dictating Pt-Based Electrocatalyst Performance in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells, from Formulation to Application, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 11 (2019) 46953–46964. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b17614.[5] G. Wang, L. Osmieri, A.G. Star, J. Pfeilsticker, K.C. Neyerlin, Elucidating the Role of Ionomer in the Performance of Platinum Group Metal-free Catalyst Layer via in situ Electrochemical Diagnostics, J. Electrochem. Soc. 167 (2020) 044519. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab7aa1.[6] S. Kabir, D.J. Myers, N. Kariuki, J. Park, G. Wang, A. Baker, N. Macauley, R. Mukundan, K.L. More, K.C. Neyerlin, Elucidating the Dynamic Nature of Fuel Cell Electrodes as a Function of Conditioning: An ex Situ Material Characterization and in Situ Electrochemical Diagnostic Study, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 11 (2019) 45016–45030. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b11365.[7] Y. Li, T.V. Cleve, R. Sun, R. Gawas, G. Wang, M. Tang, Y.A. Elabd, J. Snyder, K.C. Neyerlin, Modifying the Electrocatalyst−Ionomer Interface via Sulfonated Poly(ionic liquid) Block Copolymers to Enable High- Performance Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells, ACS Energy Letters 5 (2020) 1726-1731.

MACO-QCR: Multi-Objective ACO-Based QoS-Aware Cross-Layer Routing Protocols in WSN

Recent advances in microelectronics have encouraged the implementation of a wireless sensor network (WSN) in Intelligent Monitoring Systems (IMSs). The event data traffic in IMS applications requires timely and reliable delivery in order to react immediately with the appropriate actions. However, a sensor node's limited energy resource forces a trade-off to be made between delay and energy consumption while determining the route towards the BS. To cope up with the multi-constrained routing problem introduced by event data traffic in IMS, a multi-objective ant-colony-optimization based QoS-aware cross-layer routing (MACO-QCR) protocol has been proposed for inter-cluster communication in WSN-based IMS. The ACO algorithm is improved to be a multi-objective routing algorithm with considering the energy consumption cost and the end-to-end delay cost of a routing path as two optimization objectives, in which a routing path is produced through the multi pheromone information and the multi heuristic information consisting of two objective functions. To obtain Pareto optimal solutions, the MACO-ACO uses an external archive method based on fuzzy membership function to assign fitness values to the non-dominated solutions. Moreover, MACO-QCR adopts a cross layer approach that enables interaction between routing and medium access layer (MAC) layers for relay node selection. The simulation analysis shows that MACO-QCR has up to 10.5% and 6.8% more energy efficient, and has up to 19.1% and 25.3% less end-to-end delay compared to IAMQER and O_ARA protocols for a varying proportion of nodes having event data traffic in the network.

IEEE 802.15.3d: First Standardization Efforts for Sub-Terahertz Band Communications toward 6G

With the ratification of the IEEE 802.15.3d amendment to 802.15.3, a first step has been made to standardize consumer wireless communications in the sub-THz frequency band. IEEE 802.15.3d offers switched point-to-point connectivity with data rates of 100 Gb/s and higher at distances ranging from tens of centimeters up to a few hundred meters. In this article, we provide a detailed introduction to IEEE 802.15.3d and the key design principles beyond the developed standard. We particularly describe the target applications and usage scenarios, as well as the specifics of the IEEE 802.15.3d physical and medium access layers. Later, we present the results of the initial performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.3d wireless communications. The obtained first-order performance predictions show non-incremental benefits compared to the characteristics of the fifth generation wireless systems, thus paving the way toward the sixth generation THz networks. We conclude the article by outlining the further standardization and regulatory activities on wireless networking in the THz frequency band.

5G network-oriented hierarchical distributed cloud computing system resource optimization scheduling and allocation

As the core technology of the next generation mobile communication system, the development of 5G key technologies needs to be able to efficiently and effectively support massive data services. Aiming at the impact of massive data traffic on mobile communication networks in 5G communication systems, this paper proposes a 5G-oriented hierarchical distributed cloud service mobile communication system architecture. The model consists of a cloud access layer, a distributed micro-cloud system, and a core cloud data center. The distributed micro cloud system consists of multiple micro clouds that are deployed to the edge of the network. The service content in the core cloud data center can be deployed and cached to the local micro cloud server in advance to reduce repeated redundant transmission of user requested content in the network. Aiming at the problem of how to determine the migration object when dynamically optimizing the resource structure, a heuristic function-based dynamic optimization algorithm for cloud resources is proposed. The experimental results show that the dynamic expansion algorithm of cloud resources based on dynamic programming ideas can better improve the performance of virtual resources, and the dynamic optimization algorithm of cloud resources based on heuristic functions can effectively and quickly optimize the resource structure, thereby improving the operating efficiency of user virtual machine groups. An efficient resource allocation scheme based on cooperative Q (Quality) learning is proposed. The environmental knowledge obtained by the base station learning and exchanging information is used for distributed resource block allocation. This resource allocation scheme can obtain the optimal resource allocation strategy in a short learning time, and can terminate the learning process at any time according to the delay requirements of different services. Compared with traditional resource allocation schemes, it can effectively improve system throughput.

Design of cancer classification and visualization platform based on Internet big data

With the development of Internet technology, Internet technology is widely used in the medical industry. Based on the medical Internet big data, using visualization, data mining and other technologies, combined with distributed crawler, HTTP data transmission technology, vue2 front-end framework and the application of visualization technology, this paper completed the development and design of the analysis platform based on the internet medical big data. From the three aspects of presentation layer, business logic layer and data access layer, the architecture can show the number of hospitals, the proportion of doctors, the number of departments, the hospital’s praise, poor evaluation and other information. Then, the cancer big data classification model based on the new bionic optimization algorithm is established. The experimental results show that the method has high classification accuracy and speed. In the era of big data, the integration of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer resources and information construction is very necessary and has far-reaching significance.

CL-SA-OFDM: Cross-layer and smart antenna based ofdm system performance enhancement

The growing usage of wireless services is lacking in providing high-speed data communication in recent times. Hence, many of the modulation techniques are evolved to attain these communication needs. The recent researches have widely considered OFDM technology as the prominent modulation mechanism to fulfill the futuristic needs of wireless communication. The OFDM can bring effective usage of resources, bandwidth, and system performance enhancement in collaboration with the smart antenna and resource allocation mechanism (adaptive). However, the usage of adaptive beamforming with the OFDM leads to complication in the design of medium access layer and which causes a problem in adaptive resource allocation mechanism (ARAM). Hence, the proposed manuscript intends to design an OFDM system by considering different switched beam smart antenna (SBSA) along with the cross-layer adaptive resource allocation (CLARA) and hybrid adaptive array (HAA). In this, various smart antenna mechanism are considered to analyze the quality of service (QoS) and complexity reduction in the OFDM system. In this paper, various SA schemes are used as per the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the different users. The performance analysis is conducted by considering data traffic reduction, bit-rate reduction, and average delay.